La Folia is one of the oldest European musical themes. Over the course of three centuries, more than 150 composers have used it in their works. The first publications of this theme date from the middle of the 17th century, but it is probably much older.

Jean-Baptiste Lully in 1672, Arcangelo Corelli in 1700, Alessandro Scarlatti in 1710, Antonio Vivaldi in his Orlando Furioso of 1727, Johann Sebastian Bach in his Peasants' Cantata of 1742 have all used this repeating theme. Jean-Baptiste Lully, originally Giovanni Battista Lulli (November 28, 1632–March 22, 1687), was an Italian-born French composer, who spent most of his life working in the court of Louis XIV of France. ... Arcangelo Corelli (February 17, 1653 – January 19, 1713) was an Italian violin player and Baroque music composer. ... Alessandro Scarlatti Alessandro Scarlatti (May 2, 1660 – October 24, 1725) was a Baroque composer especially famous for his operas and chamber cantatas. ... For the two explorers who sailed into the Atlantic in 1291, see Vandino and Ugolino Vivaldi. ... The 1748 Haussmann portrait of the composer Johann Sebastian Bach (21 March 1685–28 July 1750) was a German composer and organist whose sacred and secular works for choir, orchestra and solo instruments drew together almost all of the strands of the baroque style and brought it to its ultimate...

It disappeared in the 19th century only to reappear during the 1930s with Sergei Rachmaninov in his Variations on a theme by Corelli in 1931 and Manuel María Ponce and his Variations on "Spanish Folia" and Fugue for guitar. Since then, it has been frequently used by various composers, such as by Vangelis for the film Conquest of Paradise. Sergei Vasilievich Rachmaninoff, also Sergey Rachmaninov or Serge Rakhmaninov (Серге́й Васи́льевич Рахма́нинов), (April 1, 1873 – March 28, 1943) was a Russian composer, pianist, and conductor. ... Manuel M. Ponce Born: 8 December 1882, Fresnillo, Zacatecas (Mexico). ... The Greek electronic composer Vangelis in 2001. ...

Folia is also a settlement in the Kavala Prefecture, Greece. List of settlements in the Kavala Prefecture in Greece: // A-B Agias Kosmas Agiasma Agios Andreas Akropotamos Aliki on Thasos Antifilippi Amissiana Amygdaleonas Ano Kefalari Astris on Thasos Avramilia C-D Chalkero Chrysi Akti Chrysochori Chrysokastro Dialekto Dipotamos Disvato Domatia E-F Elafochori Elaiochori Eleftheres Eleftheroupoli Eratino Folia G-I... Kavala prefecture (Greek: Νομός Καβάλας Nomos Kavalas) is a prefecture in eastern Macedonia. ...