La Giovine Italia (Italian for Young Italy) was a political movement founded in 1831 by Giuseppe Mazzini. The goal of this movement was to create a united Italian republic. A good number of the Italian leaders and their people began to fight against the Austrian imperial forces. In 1848, the Papal States were temporarily overthrown and a Roman Republic established. However, Mazzini was unable to reach his goal, as counterrevolutionary forces (mainly those of Pope Pius IX) regained control in 1849, with the aid of France and Austria. included the Papal states, Naples, Tuscany, Modena. The movement was basically evicted after a last failed revolt against Austria in Milan in 1853, crushing hopes of a democratic Italy in favor of the reactionary Piedmontese monarchy, who achieved the national unification some years later. Leopold I 1831 (MDCCCXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Giuseppe Mazzini. ... Forms of government Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      For other uses, see Republic (disambiguation). ... Map of the Papal States. ... Military flag of the Roman Republic. ... Pope Pius IX (May 13, 1792 – February 7, 1878), born Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti, reigned as Pope of the Roman Catholic Church from his election in June 16, 1846, until his death more than 31 years later in 1878, making him the longest-reigning Pope since the Apostle St. ... Milan (Italian: ; Lombard: Milán (listen)) is one of the biggest cities in Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Piedmont is a region of northwestern Italy. ...