| Lake Van | From space, September 1996
(top of image is roughly northwest) | | Coordinates | 38°38′N 42°49′ECoordinates: 38°38′N 42°49′E | | Lake type | saline lake | | Primary sources | Karasu, Hoşap, Güzelsu, Bendimahi, Zilan and Yeniköprü streams[1] | | Primary outflows | none | | Catchment area | 12,500 km²[1] | | Basin countries | Turkey | | Max length | 119 km | | Surface area | 3,755 km² | | Average depth | 171 m | | Max depth | 451 m | | Water volume | 607 km3 | | Shore length1 | 430 km | | Surface elevation | 1640 m | | Islands | Akdamar,
Çarpanak (İçeriçarpanak),
Adır Adası,
Kuş Adası (Arter Adası) | | Settlements | Van, Tatvan, Ahlat, Erciş | | 1 Shore length is not a well-defined measure. | Lake Van Armenian: Վանա լիճ (Lake of Van), Վանա ծով (Sea of Van), Արճեշի ծով (Sea of Arčeš), Բզնունեաց ծով (Sea of Bznuni), Ռշտունեաց ծով (Sea of Rshtuni), Տոսպայ լիճ (Lake of Tosp); (Turkish: Van Gölü; Kurdish: Gola Wanê) is the largest lake in Turkey, located in the far east of the country. It is a saline and soda lake of volcanic origin with no outlet, receiving water from numerous small streams that descend from the surrounding mountains. ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (639x639, 168 KB) Lake Van, Turkey - September 1996 image description here larger version here File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...
For other uses, see Lake (disambiguation). ...
A salt lake or saline lake is a landlocked body of water which has a concentration of salts (mostly sodium chloride) and other minerals significantly higher than most lakes (often defined as at least 3,000 milligrams of salt per liter). ...
A drainage basin is the area within the drainage basin divide (blue outline), and drains the surface runoff and river discharge (green lines) of a contiguous area. ...
A drainage basin is the area within the drainage basin divide (blue outline), and drains the surface runoff and river discharge (green lines) of a contiguous area. ...
To help compare orders of magnitude of different geographical regions, we list here areas between 1,000 km² and 10,000 km². See also areas of other orders of magnitude. ...
A cubic kilometre (symbol km³) is an SI derived unit of volume. ...
General view of Akdamar Island Akdamar Island (also known as Aghtamar, Ahktamar, and Aghtamar; Armenian: Ô±Õ²Õ©Õ¡Õ´Õ¡Ö€) is a small island in Lake Van in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey, about 0. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Tatvan is the capital city of the identically named district of Bitlis Province in eastern Turkey. ...
Ahlat is a district of Bitlis Province of Turkey Categories: | ...
ErciÅŸ is a district of Van Province of Turkey. ...
The Kurdish language is the language spoken by Kurds. ...
For other uses, see Lake (disambiguation). ...
A salt lake or saline lake is a landlocked body of water which has a concentration of salts (mostly sodium chloride) and other minerals significantly higher than most lakes (often defined as at least 3,000 milligrams of salt per liter). ...
Hydrology and chemistry
Lake Van is 119 km across at its widest point, averaging a depth of 171 meters with a maximum recorded depth of 451 meters.[2] The lake surface lies 1640 meters above sea level and the shore length is 430 kilometers. Lake Van has an area of 3,755 km² and a volume of 607 km3.[2] To help compare orders of magnitude of different geographical regions, we list here areas between 1,000 km² and 10,000 km². See also areas of other orders of magnitude. ...
Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ...
A cubic kilometre (symbol km³) is an SI derived unit of volume. ...
The western portion of the lake is deepest, with a large basin deeper than 400 m lying northeast of Tatvan and south of Ahlat. The eastern arms of the lake are shallower. The Van-Ahtamar portion shelves gradually, with a maximum depth of about 250 m on its northwest side where it joins the rest of the lake. The Erciş arm is much shallower, mostly less than 50m, with a maximum depth of about 150 m.[3][4]
The lake water is strongly alkaline (pH 9.7–9.8) and rich in sodium carbonate and other salts, which are extracted by evaporation and used as detergents. The common (Arrhenius) definition of a base is a chemical compound that either donates hydroxide ions or absorbs hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. ...
For other uses, see PH (disambiguation). ...
Sodium carbonate (also known as washing soda or soda ash), Na2CO3, is a sodium salt of carbonic acid. ...
For other uses, see Salt (disambiguation). ...
Laundry detergents are just one of many possible uses for detergents Detergent is a compound, or a mixture of compounds, intended to assist cleaning. ...
Geology The lake's outlet was blocked at some time during the Pleistocene, when lava flows from Nemrut volcano blocked westward outflow towards the Muş Plain (Armenian: Մշո դաշտ). Now dormant, Nemrut Dağı is close to the western shore of the lake, and another dormant stratovolcano, Süphan Dağı (Armenian Nex Masik' (Նեխ Մասիք), Tsipan (Ծիպան), Sipan (Սիփան)), dominates the northern side of the lake. Download high resolution version (1024x768, 204 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
Download high resolution version (1024x768, 204 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
The Landsat program is the longest running enterprise for acqusition of imagery of Earth from space. ...
The Pleistocene epoch (IPA: ) on the geologic timescale is the period from 1,808,000 to 11,550 years BP. The Pleistocene epoch had been intended to cover the worlds recent period of repeated glaciations. ...
In computer programming jargon, lava flow is a problem in which computer code, usually written under less than optimal conditions, is put into production and then built on when still in a developmental state. ...
Crater of Nemrut Dağı, satelite view (Feb 2001) Nemrut or Nemrut Dagi (Armenian: ÕÕ¡Ö€Õ¡Õ¯Õ¶, Mountain spring, scientific transliteration: Sarakn, Kurdish Çiyayê Nemrud) is a dormant volcano in Eastern Turkey, close to Lake Van, at , . The volcano is named after King Nimrod who ruled this area in about 2100BC.[1] // Description Mt. ...
Crater of Nemrut Dağı, satelite view (Feb 2001) Nemrut or Nemrut Dagi (Armenian: ÕÕ¡Ö€Õ¡Õ¯Õ¶, Mountain spring, scientific transliteration: Sarakn, Kurdish Çiyayê Nemrud) is a dormant volcano in Eastern Turkey, close to Lake Van, at , . The volcano is named after King Nimrod who ruled this area in about 2100BC.[1] // Description Mt. ...
A cutaway diagram of a stratovolcano Mount St. ...
Mount Süphan (Turkish: ), is a mountain located in eastern Turkey, immediately north of Lake Van. ...
The water level of the lake has often altered dramatically: near Tatvan, Oswald (see Geology of Armenia, 1901) noted a raised beach high above the present level of the lake as well as recently drowned trees. Investigation by Degens and others in the early 1980s determined that the highest lake levels (72m above the current height) had been during the last ice age, about 18,000 years ago. About 9,500 years ago there was a dramatic drop to more than 300m below the present level. This was followed by an equally dramatic rise around 6,500 years ago.[2]
Similar but smaller fluctuations have been seen recently. The level of the lake rose by at least three metres during the 1990s, drowning much agricultural land, and (after a brief period of stability and then retreat) seems to be rising again. The level has risen about two meters in the ten years to 2004.[1]
As a deep lake with no outlet, Lake Van has accumulated great amounts of sediment washed in from surrounding plains and valleys, and occasionally deposited as ash from eruptions of nearby volcanoes. This layer of sediment is estimated to be up to 400m thick in places, and has attracted climatologists and vulcanologists interested in drilling cores to examine the layered sediments.
In 1990, an international drilling team retrieved 10 sediment cores from depths up to 446m. Although these cores only penetrated the first few meters of sediment, they provided sufficient varves to give climate data for up to 14,570 years BP.[5] Wiktionary:Varves A layer or series of layers of sediment deposited in a body of still water in one year. ...
Before Present (BP) years are the units of time (counted backwards to the past) used to report raw radiocarbon ages and dates referenced to the BP scale origin in the year AD 1950 (identical to 1950 CE). ...
A team of scientists headed by palaeontologist Professor Thomas Litt at the University of Bonn has applied for funding from the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) for a new, deeper drilling project to examine the lake's sediments. Litt expects to find that "Lake Van stores the climate history of the last 800,000 years—an incomparable treasure house of data which we want to tap for at least the last 500,000 years."[6] A test drilling in 2004 detected evidence of 15 volcanic eruptions in the past 20,000 years. The main building, viewed from the Hofgarten. ...
The International Continental Scientific Drilling Program is a multinational program to further and fund Geosciences in the field of Continental Scientific Drilling. ...
Natural history The only fish known to live in the brackish water of Lake Van is Chalcalburnus tarichi the Pearl Mullet or inci kefali[7], a Cyprinid fish related to chub and dace, which is caught during the spring floods. In May and June, these fish migrate from the lake to less alkaline water, spawning either near the mouths of the rivers feeding the lake or in the rivers themselves. After spawning season it returns to the lake.[8] For other uses, see Fish (disambiguation). ...
Brackish redirects here. ...
Binomial name (Güldenstädt, 1814) (Pallas, 1811) Synonyms Alburnus tarichi, Pearl Mullet The Incikefali Baligi (Chalcalburnus tarichi) is a species of ray-finned fish in the Cyprinidae family. ...
Genera (many, see text) The family Cyprinidae, named after the Greek word for goldfish, consists of the carps and minnows. ...
Binomial name Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) Head of a European chub This article is related to the fish. ...
A dace is any of a number of species of small cyprinid fish. ...
103 species of phytoplankton have been recorded in the lake including Diatome, Bacteriophyta, Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, Flagellata and Phaeophyta. 36 species of zooplankton have also been recorded including Rotatoria, Cladocera and Copepoda in the lake. (Selçuk 1992) Diagrams of some typical phytoplankton Phytoplankton are the autotrophic component of plankton. ...
Diatome (1962-1985) was a British-bred Thoroughbred racehorse owned and bred by the French banker, Baron Guy de Rothschild. ...
Cyanobacteria (Greek: cyanos = blue) are a phylum of aquatic bacteria that obtain their energy through photosynthesis. ...
Classes[1] Bryopsidophyceae Chlorophyceae Pedinophyceae Pleurastrophyceae Prasinophyceae Trebouxiophyceae Ulvophyceae Chlorophyta, a division of green algae, includes about 8000 species[2][1] of mostly aquatic photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms. ...
Flagellata from Ernst Haeckels Artforms of Nature, 1904 Parasitic excavate (Giardia lamblia) Green alga (Chlamydomonas) Flagellates are cells with one or more whip-like organelles called flagella. ...
Orders Dictyotales Desmerestiales Fucales Laminariales (kelps) etc. ...
Photomontage of plankton organisms Plankton is the aggregate community of weakly swimming but mostly drifting small organisms that inhabit the water column of the ocean, seas, and bodies of freshwater. ...
Classes Monogononta Digononta The rotifers make up a phylum of microscopic and near-microscopic pseudocoelomate animals. ...
Families Suborder Anomopoda Daphniidae Moinidae Bosminidae Macrothricidae Chydoridae Suborder Ctenopoda Sididae Holopedidae Suborder Onychopoda Polyphemidae Cercopagidae Podonidae Suborder Haplopoda Leptodoridae Daphnia are members of the order Cladocera. ...
Orders Calanoida Cyclopoida Gelyelloida Harpacticoida Misophrioida Monstrilloida Mormonilloida Platycopioida Poecilostomatoida Siphonostomatoida Copepods are small, aquatic animals living in the sea and nearly every freshwater habitat, a form of plankton, specifically zooplankton, some copepods are parasitic. ...
In 1991, researchers reported the discovery of 40m tall microbialites in Lake Van. These are solid towers on the lake bed created by mats of coccoid cyanobacteria (Pleurocapsa group) that create aragonite in combination with calcite precipitating out of the lake water.[9] Pre-Cambrian stromatolites in the Siyeh Formation, Glacier National Park. ...
Orders The taxonomy of the Cyanobacteria is currently under revision. ...
Aragonite Aragonite is a polymorph of the mineral calcite, both having the chemical composition CaCO3. ...
Doubly refracting Calcite from Iceberg claim, Dixon, New Mexico. ...
The Lake Van region is also the home of the rare Van Kedisi breed of cat, noted for among other things its unusual fascination with water (a very rare trait among cats, which generally dislike being immersed in water). A Van Cat kitten from the village of Agarti (former Ayanis), near Van city The Van Kedisi - Turkish for Van Cat is a distinctive breed of domestic cat that is found mainly in the Lake Van region of present-day Turkey. ...
Binomial name Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758 Synonyms Felis lybica invalid junior synonym The cat (or domestic cat, house cat) is a small carnivorous mammal. ...
Since about 1995 there have been reported sightings of a 'Lake Van monster' about 15 metres in length named Van Canavarı. Unal Kozak, a teaching assistant at Van University, has interviewed about a thousand people who claim to have seen the monster, and has written a book on the subject. Sceptics point out that the region would benefit from tourist revenue and a hoax might attract visitors.[10] The Lake Van Monster (Turkish: Van Gölü Canavarı) was not reported until 1995 in Lake Van, a large alkaline lake in Eastern Turkey. ...
History and culture
Armenian kingdoms The lake was the centre of the Armenian kingdom of Ararat from about 1000 BC, afterwards of the Satrapy of Armina, Kingdom of Greater Armenia, and the Armenian Kingdom of Vaspurakan. The capital of Urartu, Tushpa, was located near the shores of Lake Van, on the site of what became medieval Van's castle, west of present-day Van city).[11]. The ruins of the medieval city of Van are still visible below the southern slopes of the rock on which Van Castle is located (Van Kalesi) Urartu at its greatest extent 743 BC Urartu (Biainili in Urartian) was an ancient kingdom in the mountainous plateau between Asia Minor, Mesopotamia, and Caucasus mountains, later known as the Armenian Highland, and it centered around Lake Van (present-day eastern Turkey). ...
(Redirected from 1000 BC) Centuries: 12th century BC - 11th century BC - 10th century BC Decades: 1050s BC 1040s BC 1030s BC 1020s BC 1010s BC - 1000s BC - 990s BC 980s BC 970s BC 960s BC 950s BC Events and Trends 1006 BC - David becomes king of the ancient Israelites (traditional...
For other uses, see Armenia (disambiguation). ...
// Prehistory Archaeologists refer to the Shulaveri-Shomu culture of the central Transcaucasus region, including modern Armenia, as the earliest known prehistoric culture in the area, carbon-dated to roughly 6000 - 4000 BC. However, a recently discovered tomb has been dated to 9000 BC. Another early culture in the Armenian Highland...
Vaspurakan was a province and then kingdom of Greater Armenia during the Middle Ages. ...
Tushpa was an ancient city, (modern Van, on the shore of Lake Van). ...
Van is a city in eastern Turkey with a population of 380 000 (2001). ...
Armenian gravestones near Lake Van. 1973. Along with Lake Sevan in today's Armenia and Lake Urmia in today's Iran, Van was one of the three great lakes of the Armenian Kingdom, referred to as the seas of Armenia (in ancient Assyrian sources: "tâmtu ša mât Nairi" (Upper Sea of Nairi), the Lower Sea being Lake Urmia). Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 582 pixelsFull resolution (1872 × 1362 pixel, file size: 278 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) I took this photo myself in 1993. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 582 pixelsFull resolution (1872 × 1362 pixel, file size: 278 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) I took this photo myself in 1993. ...
View of the lake from space Lake Sevan (ÕÖ‡Õ¡Õ¶Õ¡ Õ¬Õ«Õ³ in Armenian), named Gegham Sea (Ô³Õ¥Õ²Õ¡Õ´Õ¡ Õ®Õ¸Õ¾) in ancient times, is the largest lake in Armenia and one of the largest high altitude lakes in the world. ...
Lake Urmia (Persian: دریاچه ارومیه) is a salt lake in northwestern Iran between the provinces of East Azarbaijan and West Azarbaijan, west of the southern portion of the similarly shaped Caspian Sea. ...
Lake Urmia (Persian: دریاچه ارومیه) is a salt lake in northwestern Iran between the provinces of East Azarbaijan and West Azarbaijan, west of the southern portion of the similarly shaped Caspian Sea. ...
Along its shores and on several islands (Arter, Lim, Charpanak, etc.) the remains of Armenian churches and monasteries can be found. The best preserved is the tenth-century Church of the Holy Cross (Armenian Սուրբ Խաչ, Surb Khach, scientific transliteration Surb xač') located on Akdamar Island (Armenian: Aghtamar, Աղթամար). It was built by architect Manuel by the order of Gagik Artzruni, king of the Armenian Vaspurakan Kingdom between 915 and 921. It served as a royal church within the king's residence in the medieval town that once existed on the island. Reliefs on it's external walls represent Biblical stories such as Adam and Eve, Jonah and the whale, David and Goliath, etc. Arter, also known as KuÅŸadasi (Bird Island in Turkish), is a small island in Lake Van. ...
Look up lim, LIM in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Charpanak Island (Turkish: Çarpanak Adası), is a small island in Lake Van. ...
General view of Akdamar Island Akdamar Island (also known as Aghtamar, Ahktamar, and Aghtamar; Armenian: Ô±Õ²Õ©Õ¡Õ´Õ¡Ö€) is a small island in Lake Van in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey, about 0. ...
Vaspurakan was a province and then kingdom of Greater Armenia during the Middle Ages. ...
Michelangelos Creation of Adam, from the Sistine Chapel. ...
The Prophet Jonah, as depicted by Michelangelo in the Sistine Chapel Jonah (Hebrew: , Standard Tiberian ; Arabic: يونس, Yunus or يونان, Yunaan ; Latin Ionas ; Dove) was a prophet in the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh/Old Testament) and Quran who was swallowed by a great fish. ...
This article is about the Biblical king of Israel. ...
This article is about the biblical warrior. ...
Byzantine empire By the 11th century the region around Lake Van was on the border between the Byzantine empire, with its capital at Constantinople, and the Seljuk Turkish empire, with its capital at Isfahan. In the uneasy peace between the two empires, local Armenian-Byzantine landowners employed Turcoman gazis and Byzantine akritoi for protection. However, these mercenaries often turned to looting for their own benefit. As a means of recording the passage of time, the 11th century was that century which lasted from 1001 to 1100. ...
The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ...
This article is about the city before the Fall of Constantinople (1453). ...
Seljuk Prince with Mongoloid features. ...
Naghsh-i Jahan Square, Isfahan This article is about the city of Isfahan. ...
There are several meanings to Turkmen: Related to the country Turkmenistan Turkmen language Turkmen people A breed of horse called the Turkoman This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
Ghazw (plural ghazawÄt) is an Arabic word meaning an armed incursion for the purposes of conquest, plunder, or the capture of slaves and is cognate with the terms ghÄziya and maghÄzÄ«. In pre-Islamic times it signified the plundering raids organized by nomadic Bedouin warriors against either...
In the second half of the 11th century the situation on the southeast border of the Byzantine empire had reached such a point that Emperor Romanus IV Diogenes launched a campaign to re-conquer Armenia and head off growing Seljuk control. Diogenes and his large army crossed the Euphrates and confronted a much smaller Seljuk force led by Alp Arslan at the Battle of Manzikert (Malazgirt), north of Lake Van on 26 August 1071. Despite their greater numbers, the cumbersome Byzantine force was defeated by the more mobile Turkish horsemen and Diogenes was captured. Romanus IV (Diogenes), Byzantine emperor from 1068 to 1071, was a member of a distinguished Cappadocian family, and had risen to distinction in the army, until he was convicted of treason against the sons of Constantine X. While waiting for his execution he was summoned into the presence of the...
For the song River Euphrates by the Pixies, see Surfer Rosa. ...
Muhammed ben Daud (1029 – December 15, 1072), the second sultan of the dynasty of Seljuk Turks, in Persia, and great-grandson of Seljuk, the founder of the dynasty. ...
Combatants Byzantine Empire Seljuk Turks Commanders Romanus IV #, Nikephoros Bryennios, Theodore Alyates, Andronikos Doukas Alp Arslan Strength ~ 20,000 [1] (40,000 initial) ~ 20,000 [2] - 70,000[1] Casualties ~ 8,000 [3] Unknown The Battle of Manzikert, or Malazgirt was fought between the Byzantine Empire and Seljuk Turkic forces...
is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Events Byzantine Empire loses Battle of Manzikert to Turkish army under Alp Arslan. ...
Seljuk empire Alp Arslan divided the conquered eastern portions of the Byzantine empire among his Turcoman generals, with each ruled as a hereditary beylik, under overall sovereignty of the Great Seljuq Empire. Alp Arslan gave the region around Lake Van to his commander Sökmen el Kutbî (literally Sökmen the Slave), who set up his capital at Ahlat on the western side of the lake. The dynasty of Ahlatshahs (also known as Sökmenler) ruled this area from 1085 to 1192. Bey is the Turkish word for chieftain, traditionally applied to the leaders of small tribal groups In historical accounts, many Turkish and Persian leaders are titled bey, beg or beigh. ...
This article is about political entity known as Great Seljuq Empire. ...
Ahlat is a district of Bitlis Province of Turkey Categories: | ...
Ahlahshahs were the rulers of an Anatolian Turkish Beylik of the first period founded after the Battle of Malazgirt (Battle of Manzikert) and centered in Ahlat on the northwestern shore of the Lake Van in Eastern Anatolia. ...
April 2 - Emperor Zhezong became emperor of Song Dynasty. ...
// Events The Third Crusade ends in disaster. ...
| Landmarks of the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate and Turkish Beyliks | | | | Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate (1077-1307) | Ancestor: Kutalmish • Founder: Süleyman I bin Kutalmish • Capital: İznik, then Konya
Important centers and extension: Konya • Kayseri • Sivas (1175) • Malatya (1178) • Alanya • Antalya
Dynasty: Süleyman I bin Kutalmish (1077-1086) •• Kilij Arslan I (1092-1107) •• Melikshah (1107-1116) •• Mesud I (1116-1156) •• Kilij Arslan II (1156-1192) •• Kaykhusraw I (1192-1196) •• Süleymanshah II (1196-1204) •• Kilij Arslan III (1204-1205) •• Kaykhusraw I (2nd reign) (1205-1211) •• Kaykaus I (1211-1220) •• Kayqubad I (1220-1237) •• Kaykhusraw II (1237-1246) •• Kaykaus II (1246-1260) •• Kilij Arslan IV (1248-1265) •• Kayqubad II (1249-1257) •• Kaykhusraw III (1265-1282) •• Mesud II (1282-1284) •• Kayqubad III (1284) •• Mesud II (2nd reign) (1284-1293) •• Kayqubad III (2nd reign) (1293-1294) •• Mesud II (3rd reign) (1294-1301) •• Kayqubad III (3rd reign) (1301-1303) •• Mesud II (4th reign) (1303-1307) • Mesud III (1307)
1243: Gradually vassalized to the Mongol Empire after the defeat suffered in the Battle of Köse Dag • 1307: Taken over by the Beylik of Karamanoğlu Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 379 pixelsFull resolution (948 × 449 pixel, file size: 91 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Landmarks of Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate and Anatolian Turkish Beyliks (1071 - 1400) Source: http://commons. ...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 379 pixelsFull resolution (948 × 449 pixel, file size: 91 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Landmarks of Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate and Anatolian Turkish Beyliks (1071 - 1400) Source: http://commons. ...
This article or section needs additional references or sources. ...
Anatolian beyliks (also Turkmen beyliks, Tevâif-i mülûk (in Ottoman Turkish) were small Turkish emirates or muslim principalities (beylik) governed by tribal beys, which were founded in several locations of Anatolia as of the end of the 13th century. ...
Ottoman redirects here. ...
Events Byzantine Empire loses Battle of Manzikert to Turkish army under Alp Arslan. ...
Events Henry IV quells baron rebellion and executes The Earls of Kent, Huntingdon and Salisbury for their attempt to have Richard II of England restored as King Jean Froissart writes the Chronicles Medici family becomes powerful in Florence, Italy Births December 25 - John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley, Lord Lieutenant of...
This article or section needs additional references or sources. ...
Kutalmish (alternative spellings; Kutalmysh Qutulmush) was the name of two different personalities in Turkish history, the first having lived in the 11th century and the second 12th century, each of which had a son named Süleyman, and whose descendants founded, respectively, the Sultanate of Rum and the Ottoman Empire. ...
Süleyman Ibn Kutalmish (سليمان بن قتلمش SulÄyman bin Kutalmish, also Suleiman ibn Kutalmish; died in 1086) was the Seljuk ruler of the Sultanate of Rûm in Anatolia from 1077 until his death. ...
Iznik tiles inside the Selimiye Mosque in Edirne Ä°znik (which derives from the former Greek name Îίκαια, Nicaea) is a city in Turkey which is known primarily as the site of the First and Second Councils of Nicaea, the first and seventh Ecumenical councils in the early history of the Christian...
Konya (Ottoman Turkish: ; also Koniah, Konieh, Konia, and Qunia; historically also known as Iconium (Latin), Greek: Ikónion) is a city in Turkey, on the central plateau of Anatolia. ...
Konya (Ottoman Turkish: ; also Koniah, Konieh, Konia, and Qunia; historically also known as Iconium (Latin), Greek: Ikónion) is a city in Turkey, on the central plateau of Anatolia. ...
Kayseri (Greek: ΚαισάÏεια), in the antiquity Mazaka and later Caesarea, is an industrialized city in Turkey. ...
Sivas is the provincial capital of Sivas Province in Turkey. ...
Malatia can also be a misspelling of the medical term Malacia. ...
Alanya is a seaside resort and district of Antalya Province in the Mediterranean region of Turkey, 120 km (74. ...
This article is mostly about the Antalya City; for the province, see Antalya Province. ...
Süleyman Ibn Kutalmish (سليمان بن قتلمش SulÄyman bin Kutalmish, also Suleiman ibn Kutalmish; died in 1086) was the Seljuk ruler of the Sultanate of Rûm in Anatolia from 1077 until his death. ...
Dawud Kılıj Arslan ibn Süleyman ibn Kutalmish (in Turkish Kılıç Arslan, قلج أرسلان Qïlïj ArslÄn d. ...
Melikshah, also called Shahinshah (Şahinşah) was the sultan, based in Konya, of the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate (Sultanate of Rûm) between the years 1110 and 1116, the throne having remained vacant for three years after his father Kilij Arslan Is death in 1107. ...
(died in 1156) was the Seljuk sultan of Rüm (Anatolia) from 1116 until his death. ...
Izz ad-Din Kılıj Arslan II (also Qïlïch Arslan; died in 1192) was a Seljuk sultan of Rüm. ...
Kaykhusraw I (Arabic/Persian: , GhÄ«yÄth al-DÄ«n Kaykhusraw bin Kilij ArslÄn; Turkish: ), the eleventh and youngest son of Kilij Arslan II, was a Seljuk sultan of Rüm. ...
Suleiman II aka Rukn ad-Din Suleiman Shah (1196-1204), was the Seljuk sultan of Rüm in 1196-1204. ...
Kilij Arslan III aka Kılıç Arslan III was the sultan of the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate (Sultanate of Rûm) in 1204-1205. ...
Kaykhusraw I (Arabic/Persian: , GhÄ«yÄth al-DÄ«n Kaykhusraw bin Kilij ArslÄn; Turkish: ), the eleventh and youngest son of Kilij Arslan II, was a Seljuk sultan of Rüm. ...
Kaykaus I or Kaykaus I or Keykavus I (Arabic/Persian: , Izz al-DÄ«n KaykÄÅ©s bin Kaykhusraw; Turkish: ) was the sultan of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum from 1211 until his death in 1220. ...
Kızıl Kule (Red Tower) built in Alanya by Alâeddin Keykubad I. Kayqubad I (Arabic/Persian: , AlÄ al-DÄ«n KayqubÄd bin KaykÄÅ«s; Turkish: ) was the Anatolian Seljuk Sultan who reigned from 1220 to 1237). ...
Kaykhusraw II (Arabic/Persian: , GhÄ«yÄth al-DÄ«n Kaykhusraw bin KayqubÄd; Turkish: ) was the sultan of the Seljuqs of Rum from 1237 until his death in 1246. ...
Kaykaus II or Kaykaus II or Keykavus II (Arabic/Persian: , Izz al-DÄ«n KaykÄÅ©s bin Kaykhusraw; Turkish: ) was the eldest of three sons of Kaykhusraw II. He was a minor at the time of his father’s death in 1246 and could do little to prevent the...
Kilij Arslan IV was one of the Seljuq sultans of Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate (Sultanate of Rûm), with its dynasty split after the Battle of Kose Dag, from 1248 until his death in 1265. ...
Kayqubad II (Arabic/Persian: , AlÄ al-DÄ«n KayqubÄd bin Kaykhusraw; Turkish: ) was the youngest of the three sons of the Seljuk Sultan of Rum Kaykhusraw II. As son of the sultan’s favorite wife, the Georgian princess Tamar, he was designated heir. ...
Kaykhusraw III (Arabic/Persian: , GhÄ«yÄth al-DÄ«n Kaykhusraw bin Kilij ArslÄn; Turkish: ) was between two and six years old when in 1265 he was named Seljuq Sultan of Rum. ...
Masud II or Masud II (Arabic: , GhÄ«yÄth al-DÄ«n MasÅ«d bin KaykÄÅ«s) bore the title of Seljuq Sultan of Rum at various times between 1284 and 1308. ...
Kayqubad III (Arabic: , AlÄ al-DÄ«n KayqubÄd bin FerÄmurz; Turkish: ) was briefly sultan of the Seljuqs of Rum between the years of 1298 and 1302. ...
Masud II or Masud II (Arabic: , GhÄ«yÄth al-DÄ«n MasÅ«d bin KaykÄÅ«s) bore the title of Seljuq Sultan of Rum at various times between 1284 and 1308. ...
Kayqubad III (Arabic: , AlÄ al-DÄ«n KayqubÄd bin FerÄmurz; Turkish: ) was briefly sultan of the Seljuqs of Rum between the years of 1298 and 1302. ...
Masud II or Masud II (Arabic: , GhÄ«yÄth al-DÄ«n MasÅ«d bin KaykÄÅ«s) bore the title of Seljuq Sultan of Rum at various times between 1284 and 1308. ...
Kayqubad III (Arabic: , AlÄ al-DÄ«n KayqubÄd bin FerÄmurz; Turkish: ) was briefly sultan of the Seljuqs of Rum between the years of 1298 and 1302. ...
Masud II or Masud II (Arabic: , GhÄ«yÄth al-DÄ«n MasÅ«d bin KaykÄÅ«s) bore the title of Seljuq Sultan of Rum at various times between 1284 and 1308. ...
Expansion of the Mongol Empire Historical map of the Mongol Empire The Mongol Empire, also known as the Mongolian Empire (Mongolian: , Mongolyn Ezent Güren; 1206–1405) was the largest contiguous empire in world history founded in Mongolia, covering over 33 million km²[1] (12 million square miles) at its...
Combatants Mongols Sultanate of Rüm, Georgian and Trapezuntine auxiliaries Commanders Bayju Kay Khusrau II Strength Casualties {{{notes}}} The Battle of Köse Dag was fought between the Seljuk Turks of Rum and the Mongols on June 26, 1243 at the place Köse Dag on Sivas-Erzincan road (now...
Statue depicting Karamanogullu Mehmet Bey declaring Turkish as the official language of the state and all its institutions Beylik of Karaman or of Karamanoğlu (Karamanoğulları in plural), also called Karamanids was the first Turkic kingdom to accept Turkish as its official language. ...
Important works:
Palaces and Castles: Seljuk Palace in Konya (1190-1220) •• Kubadabad Palace in Beyşehir (1220-1230) •• Keykubadiye Palace in Kayseri (1220-1230) •• Alanya Kızıl Kule (Red Tower) and Shipyard constructions and widescale extension of Alanya Castle
Külliye (Complexes) and Dar al-Shifa (Medical Centers) and Medrese (Schools) and Mosques: Gevher Nesibe Külliye with Medical Center and Medical School and Mosque in Kayseri (1204-1210) •• Battal Gazi Külliye in Seyitgazi (1208) •• Karatay Medrese in Konya (1225) •• Ince Minaret Medrese in Konya (1258-1279) •• Atabeg Ferruh Darüşşifa in Çankırı (1236) •• Alâeddin Keykubad I Darüşşifa in Konya (1237) •• Torumtay Darüşşifa in Amasya (1266) •• Izzeddin Keykavus I Şifaiye Medrese and Medical Center (Darüşşifa) in Sivas (1218) •• Gökmedrese in Sivas (1271) •• Çifte Minaret Medrese in Sivas (1271) •• Alâeddin Mosque in Konya (1220) •• Alâeddin Mosque in Niğde (1220) •• Great Mosque of Malatya in Eskimalatya (Battalgazi) (1224) •• Hüsameddin Temurlu castle, caravanseai and medrese in Kalehisar, Alaca (~ 1250) •• Havadan Külliye in Develi (~1300)
Caravanserais: Ağzıkara Han caravanserai near Aksaray (1237) •• Ak Han caravanserai near Denizli (1254) •• Alaca Han caravanserai in Alacahan (~1280) •• Alara Han caravanserai near Manavgat •• Alay Han caravanserai near Aksaray (1190) •• Altınapa Han caravanserai between Beyşehir and Konya (1201) •• Angit Han caravanserai between Konya and Akşehir (1201) •• Burma Han caravanserai in Divriği (13th century) •• Çakallı Han caravanserai near Samsun (~ 1250) •• Çardak Han (Hanabad) caravanserai in Çardak (1230) •• Çay Han caravanserai in Çay (1279) •• Dokuzun Han caravanserai in Konya (1210) •• Eğirdir Han caravanserai in Eğirdir (1238) •• Ertokuş Han caravanserai near Eğirdir (1224) •• Eshab-i Kehf Han caravanserai near Afşin-Elbistan (~ 1225) •• Evdir Han caravanserai near Antalya (1224) •• Ezinepazar Han caravanserai near Amasya (1246) •• Goncalı Akhan caravanserai between Konya and Aksaray •• Hatun Han caravanserai between Amasya and Tokat •• Hekim Han caravanserai in Hekimhan (1220) •• Horozlu Han caravanserai near Konya (1249) •• İncir Han caravanserai near Bucak (1239) •• Kadın Han caravanserai in Kadınhanı (1223) •• Karatay Han caravanserai near Pınarbaşı (1241) • Kargı Han caravanserai near Antalya (1246) •• Kesikköprü Han caravanserai near Kırşehir (1268) •• Kırkgöz Han caravanserai near Antalya (1246) •• Kızılören Han caravanserai near Konya (1206) •• Kuruçeşme Han caravanserai near Konya (1210) ••Melleç Han caravanserai near Anamur (13th century) •• Mirçinge Han caravanserai near Divriği (13th century) •• Obruk Han caravanserai near Konya (1230) •• Öresin Han caravanserai near Aksaray (~ 1275) •• Pazar Han caravanserai near Tokat (1239) •• Zazadın Han caravanserai near Konya (1236) •• Şarapsa Han caravanserai near Alanya (1246) •• Sarı Han caravanserai near Ürgüp (1249) •• Sevserek Han caravanserai between Malatya and Pötürge (13th century) •• Sultan Han caravanserai between Konya and Aksaray (1229) • Sultan Han caravanserai near Bünyan between Kayseri and Sivas (1236) • Susuz Han caravanserai near Bucak (1246) Konya (Ottoman Turkish: ; also Koniah, Konieh, Konia, and Qunia; historically also known as Iconium (Latin), Greek: Ikónion) is a city in Turkey, on the central plateau of Anatolia. ...
Tile (1236) depicting a peacock from Kubadabad Palace Kubadabad Palace or Kubad Abad Palace (Turkish: Kubadabad Sarayı) refers to the agglomeration of constructions built as summer residences during the reign of the Seljuk Sultan of Anatolia Alaeddin Keykubad I (1220-1236), for the sultan and his suite, on the southwestern...
Taş Köprü (Stone Bridge) a historical regulator dam in Beyşehir. ...
Kayseri (Greek: ΚαισάÏεια), in the antiquity Mazaka and later Caesarea, is an industrialized city in Turkey. ...
Alanya is a seaside resort and district of Antalya Province in the Mediterranean region of Turkey, 120 km (74. ...
The Tower as seen from the water. ...
Walls and landward fortress of Alanya Kale Alanya Kalesi (Alanya Castle) is a medieval castle in the southern Turkish city of Alanya. ...
General view of Gevher Nesibe medical center (front) and the school (back). ...
1208-built (extended 1511) Külliye of Battal Gazi in Seyitgazi near Eskişehir is a blend of Seljuk and Ottoman styles Külliye, deriving from the Arabic word kûl (meaning the whole, all) is a term which designates a complex of buildings, centered around a mosque and managed...
Kayseri (Greek: ΚαισάÏεια), in the antiquity Mazaka and later Caesarea, is an industrialized city in Turkey. ...
1208-built (extended 1511) Külliye of Battal Gazi in Seyitgazi near Eskişehir is a blend of Seljuk and Ottoman styles Battal Gazi or Sidi or Seyyid Battal Ghazi was a Muslim, most likely Arab, saintly figure and warrior based in Anatolia (associated primarily with Malatya, where his father...
Seyitgazi is a district of EskiÅŸehir Province of Turkey. ...
Karatay Medrese is a medrese, meaning a school with a frequently but not absolutely religious focus, built in Konya, Turkey, in 1251 by the Emir of the city Celaleddin Karatay, serving the Seljuk sultan. ...
Ince Minaret Medrese (literally, the medrese with the thin minaret) is a 13th century medrese (school) located in Konya, Turkey, and built between 1258-1279 by the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate vizier Sâhib Ata Fahreddin Ali who later founded the Anatolian Turkish Beylik of Sâhib Ata. ...
Konya (Ottoman Turkish: ; also Koniah, Konieh, Konia, and Qunia; historically also known as Iconium (Latin), Greek: Ikónion) is a city in Turkey, on the central plateau of Anatolia. ...
Atabeg is a title of nobility of Turkic origin, indicating a governor of a nation or province who was subordinate to a king or Emperor but senior to a Khan. ...
Dar al-Shifa (from Arabic دار الشÙاء ), literally house of health, is the term used in the historical context of Islamic architecture to designate a building constructed for medical purposes, equivalent of a hospital or a medical center of our day. ...
Çankırı is a town in Turkey, in Çankırı Province, about 140 km northeast of Ankara. ...
Alâeddin Keykubad I (, also rendered as Alaadin, Alauddin, Kay-Kubad, Kaykubad, Kai Kobad, or Kay-Ghobad; also Kay-QubÄdh) was a Anatolian Seljuk Sultan who reigned from 1220 to 1237). ...
Dar al-Shifa (from Arabic دار الشÙاء ), literally house of health, is the term used in the historical context of Islamic architecture to designate a building constructed for medical purposes, equivalent of a hospital or a medical center of our day. ...
Dar al-Shifa (from Arabic دار الشÙاء ), literally house of health, is the term used in the historical context of Islamic architecture to designate a building constructed for medical purposes, equivalent of a hospital or a medical center of our day. ...
Ottoman houses and a Pontic tomb in Amasya Amasya (formerly Amaseia or Amasia from Greek: Αμάσεια) is a town in northern Turkey, the capital of Amasya Province with approximately 80,000 inhabitants. ...
Kay Kaus I, (alternately Kay Kaus I), was the Sultan of Rûm from 1211 to 1220. ...
Sifaiye Medresesi is a medrese built in 1217 in Sivas, Turkey. ...
Dar al-Shifa (from Arabic دار الشÙاء ), literally house of health, is the term used in the historical context of Islamic architecture to designate a building constructed for medical purposes, equivalent of a hospital or a medical center of our day. ...
Sivas is the provincial capital of Sivas Province in Turkey. ...
Alâeddin Mosque is a 13th century mosque in Konya, Turkey, built by the Anatolian Seljuk Sultan Alâeddin Keykubad I (the Great) in 1220 on a hill within Konyas urban zone that carries the same name as the sultan and the mosque (Alâeddin Hill - Alâeddin Tepesi). ...
Konya (Ottoman Turkish: ; also Koniah, Konieh, Konia, and Qunia; historically also known as Iconium (Latin), Greek: Ikónion) is a city in Turkey, on the central plateau of Anatolia. ...
NiÄŸde is the capital of NiÄŸde Province in Turkey. ...
Battalgazi is a town and a district of Malatya Province of Turkey. ...
Battalgazi is a district of Malatya Province of Turkey. ...
Alaca is a district of Çorum Province of Turkey Categories: | ...
Havadan Külliye general view Havadan Külliye is an end-14th century or early-15th century Anatolian Seljuk külliye (meaning a religious complex) in Kayseris depending district of Develis village of the same name (Havadan), in Central Anatolia, Turkey. ...
Develi is a district of Kayseri Province of Turkey. ...
A caravanserai (also spelt caravansarai, caravansary Persian كاروانسرا, Turkish: kervansaray), means home or shelter for caravans (caravan meaning a group or convoy of soldiers, traders or pilgrims engaged in long distance travel). ...
Aksaray is a city in Turkey located in middle Anatolia. ...
Denizli is a city in southwestern Turkey. ...
Manavgat is a town and district of Antalya Province of Turkey, 110 km from the city of Antalya. ...
Aksaray is a city in Turkey located in middle Anatolia. ...
Taş Köprü (Stone Bridge) a historical regulator dam in Beyşehir. ...
Konya (Ottoman Turkish: ; also Koniah, Konieh, Konia, and Qunia; historically also known as Iconium (Latin), Greek: Ikónion) is a city in Turkey, on the central plateau of Anatolia. ...
Konya (Ottoman Turkish: ; also Koniah, Konieh, Konia, and Qunia; historically also known as Iconium (Latin), Greek: Ikónion) is a city in Turkey, on the central plateau of Anatolia. ...
AkÅŸehir is a town in the Konya Province of Turkey. ...
DivriÄŸi is a district of Sivas Province of Turkey. ...
Statue of Atatürk who initiated the Turkish War of Independence in Samsun on May 19, 1919 Samsun (Greek: / Sampsoúnta) is a city in northern Turkey, on the coast of the Black Sea, with a population of 439,000 as of 2006. ...
Çardak is a town and a district of Denizli Province of Turkey. ...
Çardak is a town and a district of Denizli Province of Turkey. ...
Çardak is a district of Denizli Province of Turkey The airport of Denizli is in Çardak. ...
Çay is a town and a district of Afyonkarahisar Province in the Aegean region of Turkey. ...
Çay is a district of Afyonkarahisar Province, Turkey. ...
Konya (Ottoman Turkish: ; also Koniah, Konieh, Konia, and Qunia; historically also known as Iconium (Latin), Greek: Ikónion) is a city in Turkey, on the central plateau of Anatolia. ...
EÄŸirdir is a district of Isparta Province of Turkey. ...
EÄŸirdir is a district of Isparta Province of Turkey. ...
AfÅŸin is a district of KahramanmaraÅŸ Province of Turkey. ...
Elbistan is a city in KahramanmaraÅŸ Province in southern Turkey. ...
This article is mostly about the Antalya City; for the province, see Antalya Province. ...
Ottoman houses and a Pontic tomb in Amasya Amasya (formerly Amaseia or Amasia from Greek: Αμάσεια) is a town in northern Turkey, the capital of Amasya Province with approximately 80,000 inhabitants. ...
Konya (Ottoman Turkish: ; also Koniah, Konieh, Konia, and Qunia; historically also known as Iconium (Latin), Greek: Ikónion) is a city in Turkey, on the central plateau of Anatolia. ...
Aksaray is a city in Turkey located in middle Anatolia. ...
Ottoman houses and a Pontic tomb in Amasya Amasya (formerly Amaseia or Amasia from Greek: Αμάσεια) is a town in northern Turkey, the capital of Amasya Province with approximately 80,000 inhabitants. ...
Hekimhan is a district of Malatya Province of Turkey. ...
Hekimhan is a district of Malatya Province of Turkey. ...
Konya (Ottoman Turkish: ; also Koniah, Konieh, Konia, and Qunia; historically also known as Iconium (Latin), Greek: Ikónion) is a city in Turkey, on the central plateau of Anatolia. ...
Bucak is a town and a district of Burdur Province in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. ...
Kadınhanı is a town and a district of Konya Province of Turkey. ...
Kadınhanı is a district of Konya Province of Turkey. ...
Pınarbaşı is a district of Kastamonu Province of Turkey. ...
This article is mostly about the Antalya City; for the province, see Antalya Province. ...
This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...
This article is mostly about the Antalya City; for the province, see Antalya Province. ...
Konya (Ottoman Turkish: ; also Koniah, Konieh, Konia, and Qunia; historically also known as Iconium (Latin), Greek: Ikónion) is a city in Turkey, on the central plateau of Anatolia. ...
Konya (Ottoman Turkish: ; also Koniah, Konieh, Konia, and Qunia; historically also known as Iconium (Latin), Greek: Ikónion) is a city in Turkey, on the central plateau of Anatolia. ...
Anamur is a district of the Turkish province of İçel with a population of about 65,000. ...
DivriÄŸi is a district of Sivas Province of Turkey. ...
Konya (Ottoman Turkish: ; also Koniah, Konieh, Konia, and Qunia; historically also known as Iconium (Latin), Greek: Ikónion) is a city in Turkey, on the central plateau of Anatolia. ...
Aksaray is a city in Turkey located in middle Anatolia. ...
Tokat is a city in Turkey, at the mid Black Sea region of Anatolia. ...
Konya (Ottoman Turkish: ; also Koniah, Konieh, Konia, and Qunia; historically also known as Iconium (Latin), Greek: Ikónion) is a city in Turkey, on the central plateau of Anatolia. ...
Alanya is a seaside resort and district of Antalya Province in the Mediterranean region of Turkey, 120 km (74. ...
Ürgüp is a district of Nevşehir Province of Turkey. ...
Malatia can also be a misspelling of the medical term Malacia. ...
Pötürge is a district of Malatya Province of Turkey. ...
Sultan Han may refer to two different caravanserais in Central Anatolia, Turkey. ...
Konya (Ottoman Turkish: ; also Koniah, Konieh, Konia, and Qunia; historically also known as Iconium (Latin), Greek: Ikónion) is a city in Turkey, on the central plateau of Anatolia. ...
Aksaray is a city in Turkey located in middle Anatolia. ...
Sultan Han may refer to two different caravanserais in Central Anatolia, Turkey. ...
Bünyan is a district of Kayseri Province of Turkey. ...
Kayseri (Greek: ΚαισάÏεια), in the antiquity Mazaka and later Caesarea, is an industrialized city in Turkey. ...
Sivas is the provincial capital of Sivas Province in Turkey. ...
Bucak is a town and a district of Burdur Province in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. ...
| | Anatolian Turkish Beyliks | | Ahlatshahs (1100 - 1207) | Founder: Sökmen el Kutbi • Capital: Ahlat
Important centers and extension: Silvan • Malazgirt • Erciş • Adilcevaz • Başkale • Eleşkirt • Van • Tatvan • Bitlis • Muş • Hani
Dynasty: Sökmen el Kutbi (1100-1112) • İbrahim bin Sökmen (? - ?) • Ahmed bin İbrahim (? - ?) • Sökmen the Second (1128 - 1185) • Seyfeddin Begtimur (1185 - 1193) • Aksungur (1193 - 1197) • Muhammed bin Begtimur (1185 - 1207)
1207: Submitted to the Ayyoubids
Important works: Ahlat Tombs Anatolian beyliks (also Turkmen beyliks, Tevâif-i mülûk (in Ottoman Turkish) were small Turkish emirates or muslim principalities (beylik) governed by tribal beys, which were founded in several locations of Anatolia as of the end of the 13th century. ...
Ahlahshahs were the rulers of an Anatolian Turkish Beylik of the first period founded after the Battle of Malazgirt (Battle of Manzikert) and centered in Ahlat on the northwestern shore of the Lake Van in Eastern Anatolia. ...
Ahlat is a district of Bitlis Province of Turkey Categories: | ...
In popular tradition and mythology, silvans (alternatively sylvans) are creatures or people associated with trees. ...
Malazgirt (formerly also called Manzikert) is a town in MuÅŸ in eastern Turkey, with a population of 23 697 (year 2000) (??of 68 990). ...
ErciÅŸ is a district of Van Province of Turkey. ...
Adilcevaz is a district of Bitlis Province of Turkey Categories: | ...
Başkale (38°10′N 44°00′E, also known as Bashkala) is a large town in south-eastern Turkey in the vilayet (province) of Van. ...
Eleşkirt is a district of Ağrı Province of Turkey. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Tatvan is the capital city of the identically named district of Bitlis Province in eastern Turkey. ...
Bitlis is a city in Turkey, capital of Bitlis Province. ...
Shows the Location of the Province MuÅŸ MuÅŸ (alternative transliteration: Mush) is a province in eastern Turkey. ...
Typical daily attire of ethnic Hani in China. ...
The Middle East, c. ...
| | Artuklu (1102 - ) | Ancestors: Eksük and his son Artuk, commander of Alparslan, from Döğer Oghuz Türkmen clan
Founder: Muinüddin Sökmen Bey • Capitals: Three branches in Hasankeyf, Mardin and Harput
Important centers and extension: Diyarbekir • Hasankeyf • Silvan • Mardin • Midyat • Harput • Palu • Aleppo (temporarily as of 1117)
Hasankeyf Dynasty or Sökmenli Dynasty: Müinüddin Sökmen Bey (1102-1104) • Sökmenli İbrahim Bey (1104 - 1131)
Mardin Dynasty or İlgazi Dynasty: Necmeddin İlgazi (1106-1122) • Hüsameddin Timurtaş (1122 - 1154) • Necmeddin Alp (1154 - 1176)
Harput Dynasty: Belek Bey (1112-1124) • Nureddin Muhammed (? - ?) • Sökmen the Second (? - ?)
Important works: Artuklu Palace in Diyarbakır • Widescale extension of Diyarbakır City Walls • Malabadi Bridge • Hasankeyf Bridge • Sökmenli Nasirüddevle Bîmaristan-ı Farukî Medical Center (Darüşşifa) in Silvan (1108) • Emineddin (brother of İlgazi) Medical Center (Darüşşifa) in Mardin (built between (1122) • Great Mosque of Silvan • Great Mosque of Mardin • Older Great Mosque of Midyat (Cami-i Kebir) • Great Mosque of Kızıltepe • Great Mosque of Harput • Artuklu Caravanserai in Mardin • İbrahim Shah Caravanserai near Keban between Elazığ and Çemişgezek Caravanserai built by the Turkish beylik of Artuklu in 1275 in Mardin (a luxury hotel today). ...
The Ortoqid dynasty was an Oghuz Turk dynasty that ruled in the Jezirah (northern Iraq) in the 11th and 12th centuries. ...
Alp Arslan (1029 – December 15, 1072) was the second sultan of the Seljuk dynasty and great-grandson of Seljuk, the eponym of the dynasty. ...
For all Turkic groupings and Turkic history, see Turkic peoples. ...
Turkmen (Latin script: türkmen, Cyrillic: түркмен, ISO 639-1: tk, ISO 639-2: tuk) is the name of the national language of Turkmenistan. ...
Hasankeyf on the Tigris River Hasankeyf is in Batman Province, southeast Turkey — an area mainly settled by Kurds. ...
Mardin (Kurdish: , Syriac: ܡܶܪܕܺÜÜ¢ MerdÄ«n, Arabic: ماردين) is a city in southeastern Turkey. ...
Elazığ is a city in the Elazığ Province of eastern Turkey and the seat of the province. ...
Diyarbakırs early Byzantine city walls stretch unbroken for 6 kilometres A busy food market in central Diyarbakır The 12th century Ulu Cami dominates the city skyline Diyarbakır (Kurdish: Amed or Diyarbekir; Syriac: ; Greek: Amida; Armenian: ÕÕ«Õ£Ö€Õ¡Õ¶Õ¡Õ¯Õ¥Ö€Õ¿ Tigranakert) is a major city in the Kurdish dominated southeastern Turkey...
Hasankeyf on the Tigris River Hasankeyf is in Batman Province, southeast Turkey — an area mainly settled by Kurds. ...
In popular tradition and mythology, silvans (alternatively sylvans) are creatures or people associated with trees. ...
Mardin (Kurdish: , Syriac: ܡܶܪܕܺÜÜ¢ MerdÄ«n, Arabic: ماردين) is a city in southeastern Turkey. ...
Midyat is a district of Mardin Province of Turkey. ...
Elazığ is a city in the Elazığ Province of eastern Turkey and the seat of the province. ...
A beach near Palu. ...
Location of the governorate of Aleppo within Syria Aleppo (Arabic: [ḥalab], ) is a city in northern Syria, capital of the Aleppo Governorate. ...
Drawing made by M. Meinecke of Artuklu Palace door structure Artuklu Palace or Artukid Palace or Artuqid Palace (Turkish Artuklu Sarayı) was the palace of Diyarbakır branch of the Turkish Beylik and dynasty of Artukids who ruled eastern Anatolia and Jazira in the 12th and 13th centuries and situated...
Diyarbakır (Ottoman Turkish: دیاربکر land of the Bekr as derived from Persian; Kurdish Amed; Syriac ; Greek Amida; Armenian Ամիդ Amid) is a major city in the Southeastern Anatolia region of Turkey. ...
The Malabadi Bridge The Malabadi Bridge (Turkish: Malabadi Köprüsü) spans Batman River between Silvan, Diyarbakır and Tatvan, Bitlis in southeastern Turkey. ...
In popular tradition and mythology, silvans (alternatively sylvans) are creatures or people associated with trees. ...
Najm ad-Din Ilgaazi ibn Artuq (died November 8, 1122) was the Turkish Artukid ruler of Mardin from 1107 to 1122. ...
Mardin (Kurdish: , Syriac: ܡܶܪܕܺÜÜ¢ MerdÄ«n, Arabic: ماردين) is a city in southeastern Turkey. ...
Keban is a district of Elazığ Province of Turkey. ...
Elazığ is a city in the Elazığ Province of eastern Turkey and the seat of the province. ...
Çemişgezek is a district of Tunceli Province of Turkey. ...
| | Danishmends (1071-1178) | Founder: Danishmend Gazi • Capitals: Sivas • Niksar
Important centers and extension: Sivas • Niksar • Malatya • Kayseri • Tokat • Amasya • Kastamonu • Ankara
Dynasty: Danishmend Gazi (1071-1105) • Emir Gazi Gümüştekin (1105-1134) • Melik Mehmed (1134-1146) • Yağıbasan (1146-1164) • Melik İsmail (1164-1175)
1175: Capital city of Sivas incorporated into the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate • 1178: Malatya branch incorporated into the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate
Important works: Great Mosque of Niksar • Great Mosque of Kayseri • Kayseri Kölük Mosque • Danishmend Gazi Tomb (Melik Gazi Tomb) in Niksar • Denishmend Melik Mehmed Gazi Tomb in Kayseri The Danishmend dynasty was a Turcoman dynasty ruling in eastern Anatolia in the 11th and 12th centuries. ...
Danishmend Gazi, full name Gümüştekin Danishmend Ahmed Gazi or Danishmend Taylu (d. ...
Sivas is the provincial capital of Sivas Province in Turkey. ...
Niksar is a city in Tokat Province, Turkey. ...
Sivas is the provincial capital of Sivas Province in Turkey. ...
Niksar is a city in Tokat Province, Turkey. ...
Malatia can also be a misspelling of the medical term Malacia. ...
Kayseri (Greek: ΚαισάÏεια), in the antiquity Mazaka and later Caesarea, is an industrialized city in Turkey. ...
Tokat is a city in Turkey, at the mid Black Sea region of Anatolia. ...
Ottoman houses and a Pontic tomb in Amasya Amasya (formerly Amaseia or Amasia from Greek: Αμάσεια) is a town in northern Turkey, the capital of Amasya Province with approximately 80,000 inhabitants. ...
Kastamonu (Greek: Κασταμόνου) is the capital district of the Kastamonu Province, Turkey. ...
Ankara is the capital of Turkey and the countrys second largest city after Ä°stanbul. ...
Danishmend Gazi, full name Gümüştekin Danishmend Ahmed Gazi or Danishmend Taylu (d. ...
Sivas is the provincial capital of Sivas Province in Turkey. ...
This article or section needs additional references or sources. ...
Malatia can also be a misspelling of the medical term Malacia. ...
Niksar is a city in Tokat Province, Turkey. ...
Kayseri (Greek: ΚαισάÏεια), in the antiquity Mazaka and later Caesarea, is an industrialized city in Turkey. ...
| | Mengücek (1071-1277) | Founder: Mengücek Bey • Capitals: Erzincan, later also Divriği
Important centers and extension: Erzincan • Divriği • Kemah • Şarkikarahisar
Dynasty: Mengücek Bey (1071-1118) • Mengücekli İshak Bey (1118-1120) • 1120-1142 Temporarily incorporated into the Beylik of Danishmends
Erzincan and Kemah Branch: Mengücekli Davud Shah (1142- ?) • 1228 Incorporation into the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate
Divriği Branch: Mengücekli Süleyman Shah (1142- ?) • 1277 Beylik destroyed by Abaka
Important works: Divriği Great Mosque and Divriği Turan Melek Sultan Medical Center (Darüşşifa) (1229) • Kale Mosque in Divriği DivriÄŸi Great Mosque (Ulu Cami) portal Mengücek (also spelled as Mengüçlü or Mengujek) was an Anatolian Turkish Beylik of the first period, founded after the Battle of Malazgirt (Battle of Manzikert), that ruled the region around the cities of Erzincan, Kemah and DivriÄŸi in Eastern Anatolia...
Erzincan (also Erzingan or Erzinjan, ÔµÖ€Õ¦Õ¶Õ¯Õ¡ (Erznka) in Armenian) is the capital of Erzincan Province in the eastern Anatolian region of Turkey. ...
DivriÄŸi is a district of Sivas Province of Turkey. ...
Erzincan (also Erzingan or Erzinjan, ÔµÖ€Õ¦Õ¶Õ¯Õ¡ (Erznka) in Armenian) is the capital of Erzincan Province in the eastern Anatolian region of Turkey. ...
DivriÄŸi is a district of Sivas Province of Turkey. ...
Kemah is a city located in Galveston County, Texas. ...
Åžebinkarahisar is a town and a district of Giresun Province in the Black Sea region of eastern Turkey. ...
The Danishmend dynasty was a Turcoman dynasty ruling in eastern Anatolia in the 11th and 12th centuries. ...
This article or section needs additional references or sources. ...
Abaka can refer to either Abaqa Khan, a king of Persia, or Abaca, a Philippine plant This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
DivriÄŸi Great Mosque, was built in 1299 situated in the Sivas province. ...
DivriÄŸi is a district of Sivas Province of Turkey. ...
Divriği Great Mosque (Ulu Cami) portal Mengücek (also spelled as Mengüçlü or Mengujek) was an Anatolian Turkish Beylik of the first period, founded after the Battle of Malazgirt (Battle of Manzikert), that ruled the region around the cities of Erzincan, Kemah and Divriği in Eastern Anatolia...
Medical Center was a drama that ran on CBS from 1969 to 1976. ...
DivriÄŸi is a district of Sivas Province of Turkey. ...
| | Saltuklu (1072-1202) | Founder: Saltuk Bey • Capital: Erzurum
Important centers and extension: Erzurum • Tercan
Dynasty: Saltuk Bey (1072-1102) • Ali bin Ebu'l-Kâsım (1102 - ~ 1124) • Ziyâüddin Gazi (~ 1124-1132) • İzzeddin Saltuk (1132-1168) • Nâsırüddin Muhammed (1168-1191) • Mama Hatun (1191-1200) • Melikshah bin Muhammed (1200-1202)
1202: Incorporation into the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate
Important works: Great Mosque of Erzurum • Emir Saltuk Tomb in Erzurum • Mama Hatun Caravanserai in Tercan • Mama Hatun Tomb in Tercan • Kale Mosque in Erzurum • Erzurum Medical Center (Darüşşifa) (1147) Saltuklu dynasty (also spelled as Saltukids or Saltuqids) were the rulers of an Anatolian Turkish Beylik of the first period founded after the Battle of Malazgirt (Battle of Manzikert) and centered in Erzurum, who ruled between 1071 to 1202. ...
Theodosiopolis redirects here; it is also a name of the ancient city of Apros, Thrace. ...
Theodosiopolis redirects here; it is also a name of the ancient city of Apros, Thrace. ...
Tercan is a district of Erzincan Province of Turkey. ...
Melike Mama Hatun or shortly Mama Hatun was the female ruler of Saltuklu dynasty, with capital in Erzurum, for an estimated nine years between 1191 to 1200. ...
This article or section needs additional references or sources. ...
Theodosiopolis redirects here; it is also a name of the ancient city of Apros, Thrace. ...
Tercan is a district of Erzincan Province of Turkey. ...
Tercan is a district of Erzincan Province of Turkey. ...
Theodosiopolis redirects here; it is also a name of the ancient city of Apros, Thrace. ...
| | Aydınoğlu (1307 - 1425) | Founder: Aydınoğlu Mehmed Bey • Capitals: Birgi, later Ayasluğ
Important centers and extension: Tire • İzmir • Alaşehir • Aydın • Sakız/Chios (between 1336-1344)
Dynasty: Aydınoğlu Mehmed Bey (1307 - 1334) • Aydınoğlu Umur Bey (1334-1348) • Aydınoğlu Hızır Bey (? - ?) • Aydınoğlu İsa Bey ( - 1390)
1390: First period of incorporation (by marriage) into the Ottoman Empire under Bayezid I the Thunderbolt • 1402 - 1414: Second period of Beylik restituted by Tamerlane to Aydınoğlu Musa Bey (1402-1403) • Aydınoğlu Umur Bey the Second (1403 - 1405) • İzmiroğlu Cüneyd Bey (1405 - 1425 with intervals) • 1425: Second and last incorporation (by conquest) into the Ottoman realm under Murad II
Important works: İsabey Mosque in Selçuk (1375) The Anatolian Turkish Beylik of AydınoÄŸlu with its capital in Aydın (named after the dynasty) was one of the frontier principalities established by Oghuz Turkish clans after the decline of Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate. ...
Ayasoluk Hill in Selçuk, Turkey. ...
Firestone tire This article is about pneumatic tires. ...
Ä°zmir, historically Smyrna, is the third most populous city of Turkey and the countrys largest port after Ä°stanbul. ...
Alasehir, Turkey, began as perhaps one of the first ancient cities with the name Philadelphia. ...
Aydın (Greek: Αϊδίνιο) is a city in western Turkey and the seat of the Turkish province of the same name (Aydın Province). ...
Chios (Greek: , alternative transliterations Khios and Hios, see also List of traditional Greek place names; Turkish: ; Genoese: Scio) is a Greek island in the Aegean Sea 5 miles off the Turkish coasts. ...
Chios (Greek: , alternative transliterations Khios and Hios, see also List of traditional Greek place names; Ottoman Turkish: صاقيز Sakız; Genoese: Scio) is a Greek island in the Aegean Sea five miles off the Turkish coasts. ...
Ottoman redirects here. ...
// Bayezid I (Ottoman: بايزيد الأول, Turkish: Beyazıt, nicknamed Yıldırım (Ottoman: ییلدیرم), the Thunderbolt; 1354–1403) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1389 to 1402. ...
For the chess engine Tamerlane, see Tamerlane. ...
Murad II (June 1404, Amasya – February 3, 1451, Edirne) (Ottoman Turkish: مراد ثانى MurÄd-ı sÄnÄ«, Turkish:) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1421 to 1451 (except for a period from 1444 to 1446). ...
Ä°sabey Mosque as it appears today Ä°sabey Mosque (Turkish: ) is one of the oldest and most impressive works of architectural art remaining from the Anatolian beyliks. ...
Ayasoluk Hill in Selçuk, Turkey. ...
| | Candaroğlu (~1300 - 1461) | Founder: Şemseddin Yaman Candar, commander of the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate • Capital: Kastamonu
Important centers and extension: Sinop • Eflani • Çankırı • Kalecik • Tosya • Araç • Samsun (temporarily)
Dynasty: Candaroğlu Süleyman Pasha (1309 - ~ 1340) • Candaroğlu İbrahim Bey (1340-1345) • Candaroğlu Adil Bey (1340-1361) • Celaleddin Bayezid (1361-1385) • Candaroğlu Süleyman Pasha the Second (1384-1392)
1392: Incorporation (by conquest) of Kastamonu branch into the Ottoman Empire under Bayezid I
Sinop Dynasty or İsfendiyaroğlu Dynasty: İsfendiyar Bey (1385-1440) • Taceddin İbrahim Bey (1440-1443) • Kemaleddin İsmail Bey (1443-1461)
1461: Incorporation (by surrender) of Sinop branch into the Ottoman Empire under Mehmed II
Important works: Flag Capital Kastamonu Language(s) Turkish Religion Muslim Government Monarchy Bey - 1292 – ? Temür Yaman Candar - 1461 Ahmed the Red Historical era Late Medieval - Established 1292 - Disestablished 1461 Candaroğlu Beylik (sometimes referred to as Candar, Candaroğulları or İsfendiyaroğulları in Turkish) is an Anatolian Turkish Beylik that ruled...
Kastamonu (Greek: Κασταμόνου) is the capital district of the Kastamonu Province, Turkey. ...
For other meanings of Sinop/Sinope, see Sinope Sinop (also Sinope) is a city with a population of 47,000 on the coast of the Black Sea, in the modern region of Galatia in modern-day northern Turkey, historically known as Sinope. ...
Eflani is a town of Turkey, and located in Karabuk province. ...
Çankırı is a town in Turkey, in Çankırı Province, about 140 km northeast of Ankara. ...
Kalecik is a district of Ankara Province of central Turkey. ...
Tosya is a district of Kastamonu Province of Turkey. ...
Araç is a district of Kastamonu Province of Turkey. ...
Statue of Atatürk who initiated the Turkish War of Independence in Samsun on May 19, 1919 Samsun (Greek: / Sampsoúnta) is a city in northern Turkey, on the coast of the Black Sea, with a population of 439,000 as of 2006. ...
Ottoman redirects here. ...
// Bayezid I (Ottoman: بايزيد الأول, Turkish: Beyazıt, nicknamed Yıldırım (Ottoman: ییلدیرم), the Thunderbolt; 1354–1403) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1389 to 1402. ...
Ottoman redirects here. ...
Mehmed II (Ottoman Turkish: Ù…Øمد ثانى , Turkish: ), (also known as el-Fatih (الÙاتØ), the Conqueror, in Ottoman Turkish, or, in modern Turkish, Fatih Sultan Mehmet) (March 30, 1432 – May 3, 1481) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire for a short time from 1444 to 1446, and later from 1451 to 1481. ...
| | Çobanoğlu (1227-1309) | Founder: Hüsamettin Çoban Bey, commander from Kayı Oghuz clan of the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate • Capital: Kastamonu
Important centers and extension: Kastamonu • Taşköprü
Dynasty: Hüsamettin Çoban Bey (1309 - ?) • Alp Yürek (? - ?) • Muzafferüddin Yavlak Arslan (? - ?) • Çobanoğlu Mahmud Bey (? - 1309) •
1309: Incorporation (by conquest) into the Beylik of Candaroğlu
Important works: Çobanoğlu (Turkish plural Çobanoğulları) was an Anatolian Turkish Beylik founded by the dynasty of the same name and controlled the region in and around the northern Central Anatolian city of Kastamonu in the 13th century, ruling as an independent entity in intervals. ...
Also kayi (tr: singular) is used for Kayılar. ...
For all Turkic groupings and Turkic history, see Turkic peoples. ...
Kastamonu (Greek: Κασταμόνου) is the capital district of the Kastamonu Province, Turkey. ...
Kastamonu (Greek: Κασταμόνου) is the capital district of the Kastamonu Province, Turkey. ...
Taşköprü is a district of Kastamonu Province of Turkey. ...
Bey is the Turkish word for chieftain, traditionally applied to the leaders of small tribal groups In historical accounts, many Turkish and Persian leaders are titled bey, beg or beigh. ...
Flag Capital Kastamonu Language(s) Turkish Religion Muslim Government Monarchy Bey - 1292 – ? Temür Yaman Candar - 1461 Ahmed the Red Historical era Late Medieval - Established 1292 - Disestablished 1461 Candaroğlu Beylik (sometimes referred to as Candar, Candaroğulları or İsfendiyaroğulları in Turkish) is an Anatolian Turkish Beylik that ruled...
| | Dulkadir (1348- ~ 1525) | Ancestor: Hasan Dulkadir • Founder: Zeyneddin Karaca Bey • Capital: Elbistan
Important centers and extension: Maraş • Malatya • Harput • Kayseri • Antep
Dynasty: Zeyneddin Karaca Bey (1348-1348) • Dulkadiroğlu Halil Bey (1348-1386) • Sûli Bey (1386-1396) • Nâsıreddin Mehmed Bey (1396-1443) • Dulkadiroğlu Süleyman Bey (1443-1454) • Melik Arslan (?-?) • Shah Budak (?-1492) • Şahsuvar (?-?) • Alaüddevle Bozkurt Bey (1492-1507) • Şahsuvaroğlu Ali Bey (1507- ~ 1525)
1443-1525: Increasingly tributary and gradually incorporated into the Ottoman Empire
Important works: The Anatolian Turkish Beylik of Dulkadir with its capital in MaraÅŸ was one of the frontier principalities established by Oghuz Turkish clans after the decline of Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate. ...
Elbistan is a city in KahramanmaraÅŸ Province in southern Turkey. ...
KahramanmaraÅŸ is the capital city of KahramanmaraÅŸ Province in southeastern Turkey. ...
Malatia can also be a misspelling of the medical term Malacia. ...
Elazığ is a city in the Elazığ Province of eastern Turkey and the seat of the province. ...
Kayseri (Greek: ΚαισάÏεια), in the antiquity Mazaka and later Caesarea, is an industrialized city in Turkey. ...
Gaziantep is the capital city of Gaziantep Province in Turkey. ...
Ottoman redirects here. ...
| | Eretna (1328 - 1381) | Founder: Eretna Bey, brother-in-law of the Ilkhanid governor for Anatolia, Demirtaş• Capital: Sivas, later Kayseri
Important centers and extension: Sivas • Kayseri • Niğde • Tokat • Amasya • Erzincan • Şarkikarahisar • Niksar
Dynasty: Eretna Bey (1328-1352) • Gıyasüddin Mehmed Bey (1352-1365) • Alâeddin Ali Bey (1365-1380) • Mehmed Bey the Second (1380-1381)
1326: Beylik replaced by Mehmed Bey's chancellor Kadı Burhaneddin
Important works: Eretna (Turkish plural; Eretnaoğulları) was an Anatolian Turkish Beylik that succeeded the Ilkhanid rulers in Anatolia and that ruled in a large region extending between Kayseri, Sivas and Amasya in Central Anatolia between 1328-1381. ...
Khanates of Mongolian Empire: Il-Khanate, Chagatai Khanate, Empire of the Great Khan (Yuan Dynasty), Golden Horde The Ilkhanate (also spelled Il-khanate or Il Khanate) was one of the four divisions within the Mongol Empire. ...
Sivas is the provincial capital of Sivas Province in Turkey. ...
Kayseri (Greek: ΚαισάÏεια), in the antiquity Mazaka and later Caesarea, is an industrialized city in Turkey. ...
Sivas is the provincial capital of Sivas Province in Turkey. ...
Kayseri (Greek: ΚαισάÏεια), in the antiquity Mazaka and later Caesarea, is an industrialized city in Turkey. ...
NiÄŸde is the capital of NiÄŸde Province in Turkey. ...
Tokat is a city in Turkey, at the mid Black Sea region of Anatolia. ...
Ottoman houses and a Pontic tomb in Amasya Amasya (formerly Amaseia or Amasia from Greek: Αμάσεια) is a town in northern Turkey, the capital of Amasya Province with approximately 80,000 inhabitants. ...
Erzincan (also Erzingan or Erzinjan, ÔµÖ€Õ¦Õ¶Õ¯Õ¡ (Erznka) in Armenian) is the capital of Erzincan Province in the eastern Anatolian region of Turkey. ...
Åžebinkarahisar is a town and a district of Giresun Province in the Black Sea region of eastern Turkey. ...
Niksar is a city in Tokat Province, Turkey. ...
| | Eşrefoğlu (1288 - 1326) | Founder: Seyfeddin Süleyman Bey, regent to the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate •• Capital: Beyşehir
Important centers and extension: Beyşehir •• Akşehir •• Bolvadin
Dynasty: Seyfeddin Süleyman Bey (1288 - 1302) •• Eşrefoğlu Mehmed Bey (1302-1320) •• Eşrefoğlu Süleyman Bey the Second (1320-1326)
1326: Beylik destroyed by Demirtaş, the Ilkhanid governor for Anatolia
Important works: Eşrefoğlu Mosque in Beyşehir (1299) The Anatolian Turkish Beylik of EÅŸrefoÄŸlu with its capital in BeyÅŸehir was one of the frontier principalities established by Oghuz Turkish clans after the decline of Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate. ...
This article or section needs additional references or sources. ...
Taş Köprü (Stone Bridge) a historical regulator dam in Beyşehir. ...
Taş Köprü (Stone Bridge) a historical regulator dam in Beyşehir. ...
AkÅŸehir is a town in the Konya Province of Turkey. ...
Bolvadin is a city in the Afyonkarahisar Province of Turkey. ...
Khanates of Mongolian Empire: Il-Khanate, Chagatai Khanate, Empire of the Great Khan (Yuan Dynasty), Golden Horde The Ilkhanate (also spelled Il-khanate or Il Khanate) was one of the four divisions within the Mongol Empire. ...
Anatolia and Europe Anatolia (Turkish: from Greek: Ανατολία - Anatolia) is a peninsula of Western Asia which forms the greater part of the Asian portion of Turkey, as opposed to the European portion (Thrace, or traditionally Rumelia). ...
| | Germiyan (1300 - 1429) | Ancestor:: Kerimüddin Alişir • Founder: Germiyanlı Yakub Bey the First • Capital: Kütahya
Important centers and extension: Kula (District), Manisa • Simav • Yenicekent • Yenicekent (Beylik of Lâdik between 1300-1368)
Dynasty: Germiyanlı Yakub Bey the First (1300 - 1340) • Germiyanlı Mehmed Bey (1340-1361) • Germiyanlı Süleyman Shah (1361 - 1387)
1390: First period of incorporation (by legation) into the Ottoman Empire under Murad I • 1402 - 1414: Second period of Beylik restituted by Tamerlane to Germiyanoğlu Yakub Bey the Second (1402-1429) • 1414: Recognition of Ottoman sovereignty by Germiyanoğlu Yakub Bey the Second under Mehmed I • 1429: Second and last incorporation (by legation) into the Ottoman realm under Murad II
Important works: The Anatolian Turkish Beylik of Germiyan with its capital in Kütahya was one of the prominent frontier principalities established by Oghuz Turkish clans after the decline of Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate. ...
Kütahya is a city in western Turkey with 170,000 inhabitants (2004 estimate), lying on the Porsuk river, at 930 metres above sea level. ...
Categories: Possible copyright violations ...
It has been suggested that Tripolis (Phrygia) be merged into this article or section. ...
It has been suggested that Tripolis (Phrygia) be merged into this article or section. ...
The Anatolian Turkish Beylik of Ladik (name deriving from Laodicea) with its capital in Denizli was one of the frontier principalities established by Oghuz Turkish clans after the decline of Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate. ...
Ottoman redirects here. ...
Sultan Murad I (มู้หลัดที่หนึ่ง) Murad I (nick-named Hüdavendigâr, the God-liked one) (1319 (or 1326) – 1389) was the ruler of the Ottoman Empire from 1359 to 1389. ...
For the chess engine Tamerlane, see Tamerlane. ...
Sultan Mehmet I Mehmed I Çelebi (nicknamed Kirisci, the Executioner) (1389 – May 26, 1421) was a sultan of the Ottoman Empire. ...
Murad II (June 1404, Amasya – February 3, 1451, Edirne) (Ottoman Turkish: مراد ثانى MurÄd-ı sÄnÄ«, Turkish:) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1421 to 1451 (except for a period from 1444 to 1446). ...
| | Hamidoğlu (~ 1280 - 1374) | Ancestors:: Hamid and his son İlyas Bey, frontier rulers under Anatolian Seljuks • Founder: Hamidoğlu Feleküddin Dündar Bey • Capital: Isparta
Important centers and extension: Eğirdir • Uluborlu • Gölhisar • Korkuteli and Antalya transferred in 1301 to Dündar Bey's brother Tekeoğlu Yunus Bey
Dynasty: Hamidoğlu Feleküddin Dündar Bey (~ 1280 - 1324) • Hamidoğlu Hızır Bey (1324-1330) • Hamidoğlu Necmeddin İshak Bey (? - ?) • Hamidoğlu Muzafferüddin Mustafa Bey (? - ?) • Hamidoğlu Hüsameddin İlyas Bey (? - ?) • Hamidoğlu Kemaleddin Hüseyin Bey (? - 1391)
1374: Incorporation (by sale of territories) into the Ottoman Empire under Murad I and also partially to Karamanoğlu dynasty.
Important works: HamidoÄŸlu or Hamid Dynasty was one of the 14th century Anatolian Turkish Beyliks that emerged as as a consequence of the decline of the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate and ruled in the regions around EÄŸirdir and Isparta in southwestern Anatolia. ...
This article or section needs additional references or sources. ...
Isparta is a city in Turkey and the provincial capital of the Isparta Province. ...
EÄŸirdir is a district of Isparta Province of Turkey. ...
Uluborlu is a district of Isparta Province of Turkey. ...
Gölhisar is a town and a district of Burdur Province in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. ...
Korkuteli is a district of Antalya Province in the Mediterranean region of Turkey, 56 km north-west of the city of Antalya. ...
This article is mostly about the Antalya City; for the province, see Antalya Province. ...
Ottoman redirects here. ...
Sultan Murad I (มู้หลัดที่หนึ่ง) Murad I (nick-named Hüdavendigâr, the God-liked one) (1319 (or 1326) – 1389) was the ruler of the Ottoman Empire from 1359 to 1389. ...
Statue depicting Karamanogullu Mehmet Bey declaring Turkish as the official language of the state and all its institutions Beylik of Karaman or of Karamanoğlu (Karamanoğulları in plural), also called Karamanids was the first Turkic kingdom to accept Turkish as its official language. ...
| | Karamanoğlu (~ 1250 - 1487) | Ancestor:: Nure Sûfi from Avşar Oghuz clan • Founder: Kerimüddin Karaman Bey • Capitals: successively Ereğli • Ermenek • Larende (Karaman) • Konya • Mut
Important centers and extension:
Dynasty: Kerimeddin Karaman Bey (1256-1261) • Karamanoğlu Mehmed Bey (1261-1283) • Güneri Bey (1283-1300) • Bedreddin Mahmud Bey (1300-1308) • Yahşı Han Bey (1308-1312) • Bedreddin İbrahim Bey (1312-1333) • Alâeddin Halil Mirza Bey (1333-1348) • Bedreddin İbrahim Bey, 2nd reign (1348-1349) • Fahreddin Ahmed Bey (1349-1350) • Şemdeddin Bey the Second (1350-1351) • Burhaneddin Musa Bey (1351-1356) • Seyfeddin Süleyman Bey (1356-1357) • Alâeddin Ali Bey (1357-1398) • Nasreddin Mehmed Bey (1398-1399) • Bengi Alâeddin Ali Bey (1418-1424) • Damat İbrahim Bey (1424-1464) • Sultanzade İshak Bey (1464) • Sultanzade Pir Ahmed Bey (1464-1469) • Karamanoğlu Kasım Bey (1469-1483) • Turgutoğlu Mahmud Bey (1483-1487)
1398-1402: First incorporation (by conquest) into the Ottoman Empire under Bayezid I • 1402 - 1414: Second period of Beylik restituted by Tamerlane • 1414-1487: Gradual second incorporation into the Ottoman Empire under Mehmed I, Murad II and Mehmed II.
Important works: Statue depicting Karamanogullu Mehmet Bey declaring Turkish as the official language of the state and all its institutions Beylik of Karaman or of Karamanoğlu (Karamanoğulları in plural), also called Karamanids was the first Turkic kingdom to accept Turkish as its official language. ...
For all Turkic groupings and Turkic history, see Turkic peoples. ...
EreÄŸli is a district of Konya Province of Turkey. ...
Ermenek is a district of Karaman Province of Turkey. ...
Karaman (formerly Larende) is a town in south central Turkey, located north of the Taurus Mountains, ca 100 km south of Konya. ...
Karaman is a town in south central Turkey, located north of the Taurus Mountains, ca 100 km south of Konya. ...
Konya (Ottoman Turkish: ; also Koniah, Konieh, Konia, and Qunia; historically also known as Iconium (Latin), Greek: Ikónion) is a city in Turkey, on the central plateau of Anatolia. ...
For other uses, see Mut (disambiguation). ...
Statue depicting KaramanoÄŸlu Mehmet Bey declaring Turkish as the official language of the state and all its institutions. ...
Ottoman redirects here. ...
// Bayezid I (Ottoman: بايزيد الأول, Turkish: Beyazıt, nicknamed Yıldırım (Ottoman: ییلدیرم), the Thunderbolt; 1354–1403) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1389 to 1402. ...
For the chess engine Tamerlane, see Tamerlane. ...
Ottoman redirects here. ...
Sultan Mehmet I Mehmed I Çelebi (nicknamed Kirisci, the Executioner) (1389 – May 26, 1421) was a sultan of the Ottoman Empire. ...
Murad II (June 1404, Amasya – February 3, 1451, Edirne) (Ottoman Turkish: مراد ثانى MurÄd-ı sÄnÄ«, Turkish:) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1421 to 1451 (except for a period from 1444 to 1446). ...
Mehmed II (Ottoman Turkish: Ù…Øمد ثانى , Turkish: ), (also known as el-Fatih (الÙاتØ), the Conqueror, in Ottoman Turkish, or, in modern Turkish, Fatih Sultan Mehmet) (March 30, 1432 – May 3, 1481) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire for a short time from 1444 to 1446, and later from 1451 to 1481. ...
| | Karesi (1303 - 1360) | Ancestor:: Melik Danişmend Gazi • Founder: Karesi Bey • Capital: Balıkesir
Important centers and extension: Aydıncık • Bergama • Edremit • Bigadiç • Ezine
Dynasty: Karesi Bey (1307 - 1328) • Demir Han (1328-1345) • Yahşı Han (1328-1345) • Süleyman Bey (1345-1360)
1374: Incorporation (by conquest) into the Ottoman Beylik under Orhan I and Murad I
Important works: The Anatolian Turkish Beylik of Karesi with its capital in Balıkesir was one of the frontier principalities established by Oghuz Turkish clans after the decline of Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm. ...
Balıkesir is the capital city of Balıkesir Province in Turkey and has a population of 215,436. ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
View from Pergamon looking down on Bergama. ...
Edremit is a Turkish city on the west coast of Asia Minor, not far from the Greek island Lesbos. ...
Bigadiç is a district of Balıkesir Province, Turkey. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Online magazine. ...
Look up Ottoman, ottoman in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Bey is the Turkish word for chieftain, traditionally applied to the leaders of small tribal groups In historical accounts, many Turkish and Persian leaders are titled bey, beg or beigh. ...
Orhan (Turkish: also Orhan Gazi or Orkhan) (1284–1359), was the second bey (chief) of the newborn Ottoman Empire (at the time known as the Osmanli tribe) from 1326 to 1359. ...
Sultan Murad I (มู้หลัดที่หนึ่ง) Murad I (nick-named Hüdavendigâr, the God-liked one) (1319 (or 1326) – 1389) was the ruler of the Ottoman Empire from 1359 to 1389. ...
| | Ladik (İnançoğlu) (~ 1300 - 1368) | Ancestor:: Germiyanlı Ali Bey • Founder: İnanç Bey • Capital: Denizli
Important centers and extension: Denizli
Dynasty: İnanç Bey (~ 1300 - ~ 1314) • Murad Arslan (~ 1314 - ?) • İnançoğlu İshak Bey (? - ~ 1360) • Süleyman Bey (1345-1368)
1368: Re-incorporation (by conquest) into the Beylik of Germiyan
Important works: The Anatolian Turkish Beylik of Ladik (name deriving from Laodicea) with its capital in Denizli was one of the frontier principalities established by Oghuz Turkish clans after the decline of Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate. ...
Denizli is a city in southwestern Turkey. ...
Denizli is a city in southwestern Turkey. ...
The Anatolian Turkish Beylik of Germiyan with its capital in Kütahya was one of the prominent frontier principalities established by Oghuz Turkish clans after the decline of Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate. ...
| | Menteşe (~1261 - 1424) | Founder: Menteşe Bey • Capitals: Beçin castle and nearby Milas, later also Balat
Important centers and extension: present-day Muğla Province • Muğla • Finike • Kaş • Çameli • Acıpayam • Tavas • Bozdoğan • Çine • temporarily Aydın and Güzelhisar, also Rhodes between 1300-1314
Dynasty: Menteşe Bey (~1261 - ~1282) • Menteşeoğlu Mesud Bey (~1282 - ~1320) • Menteşeoğlu Şücaüddin Orhan Bey (~1320 - ~1340) • Menteşeoğlu İbrahim Bey (~1340 - ~1360)
1360: Division between the three sons of Menteşeoğlu İbrahim Bey; Musa, Mehmed, Ahmed • 1390: First period of incorporation into the Ottoman Empire (by submission) under Bayezid I the Thunderbolt • 1402 - 1414: Second period of Beylik restituted by Tamerlane to Menteşeoğlu İlyas Bey • 1414: Recognition of Ottoman sovereignty under Mehmed I • 1424: Second and last incorporation (by submission) into the Ottoman realm under Murad II
Important works: Firuz Bey Mosque in Milas • İlyas Bey Mosque in Balat • Great Mosque of Muğla (1344) • Vakıflar Hamam (Turkish bath) in Muğla (1334) The Anatolian Turkish Beylik of MenteÅŸe (1260-1424), with capital in Milas in southwest Anatolia and headquartered in Beçin castle near that city, was one of the frontier principalities established by Oghuz Turkish clans after the decline of the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate. ...
Mausolus of Milas Early 20th century Milas house 18th century Milas rug in the New York Metropolitan Museum Milas (ancient Mylasa) is a city in southwestern Turkey. ...
Balat is the traditional Jewish quarter in Ä°stanbuls European part and is situated south of the Golden Horn (the other Ä°stanbul quarter deeply associated with Jewish settlement being Kuzguncuk on the Asian shore). ...
Shows the Location of MuÄŸla province MuÄŸla province is in southwestern Turkey, along the Aegean Sea. ...
MuÄŸla Clock Tower built by the Greek craftsman Filivari Usta in 1895 MuÄŸla (Greek: ΜοÏγλα) is the seat of MuÄŸla province which stretches along Turkey´s Aegean coast in the southwest of the country. ...
Finike is a district of Antalya Province of Turkey. ...
KaÅŸ is a small fishing, yachting and tourist town, and a district of Antalya Province of Turkey, 168km west of the city of Antalya. ...
Çameli is a district of Denizli Province of Turkey Categories: | ...
Acıpayam is a district of Denizli Province of Turkey Categories: | ...
Tavas is a district of Denizli Province of Turkey. ...
Bozdoğan is a district of Aydın Province, Turkey. ...
Çine is a district of Aydın Province, Turkey. ...
Aydın (Greek: Αϊδίνιο) is a city in western Turkey and the seat of the Turkish province of the same name (Aydın Province). ...
Rhodes (Greek: Ρόδος Rhódhos; Italian Rodi; [[Ladino language| ) is the largest of the Dodecanese islands in terms of both land area and population, situated in eastern Aegean Sea. ...
Ottoman redirects here. ...
// Bayezid I (Ottoman: بايزيد الأول, Turkish: Beyazıt, nicknamed Yıldırım (Ottoman: ییلدیرم), the Thunderbolt; 1354–1403) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1389 to 1402. ...
For the chess engine Tamerlane, see Tamerlane. ...
Sultan Mehmet I Mehmed I Çelebi (nicknamed Kirisci, the Executioner) (1389 – May 26, 1421) was a sultan of the Ottoman Empire. ...
Murad II (June 1404, Amasya – February 3, 1451, Edirne) (Ottoman Turkish: مراد ثانى MurÄd-ı sÄnÄ«, Turkish:) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1421 to 1451 (except for a period from 1444 to 1446). ...
Mausolus of Milas Early 20th century Milas house 18th century Milas rug in the New York Metropolitan Museum Milas (ancient Mylasa) is a city in southwestern Turkey. ...
Balat is the traditional Jewish quarter in Ä°stanbuls European part and is situated south of the Golden Horn (the other Ä°stanbul quarter deeply associated with Jewish settlement being Kuzguncuk on the Asian shore). ...
This article is about the Turkish bath establishment. ...
MuÄŸla Clock Tower built by the Greek craftsman Filivari Usta in 1895 MuÄŸla (Greek: ΜοÏγλα) is the seat of MuÄŸla province which stretches along Turkey´s Aegean coast in the southwest of the country. ...
| | Pervâne (1261 - 1322) | Ancestor: Mühezzibeddin Ali Kâşî (vizier of the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate) • Founder: Süleyman Pervâne • Capital: Sinop
Important centers and extension: Sinop
Dynasty: Süleyman Pervâne (1261-1277) • Pervâneoğlu Mehmed Bey (1277-1296) • Pervâneoğlu Mesud Bey (1296-1300) • Pervâneoğlu Gazi Çelebi (1300-1326)
1516: Incorporation into the Beylik of Candaroğlu
Important works: Muîneddin Pervâne Medical Center (Darüşşifa) in Tokat (1276) • Pervâne Medrese in Sinop • Durağan Han caravanserai in Durağan (1266) • Eğret Han caravanserai near İhsaniye (1278) • Pervâne Bey Medrese in Closed Bazaar in Kayseri • Mosque in Merzifon PervâneoÄŸlu (in Turkish plural PervâneoÄŸulları - the sons of Pervâne) was an Anatolian Turkish Beylik centered in Sinop on the Black Sea coast and controlling the immediately surrounding region in the second half of the 13th century and the beginning of the 14th (1261-1326). ...
ik ben jaaapie A Vizier (Persian,وزير - wazīr) (sometimes also spelled Vazir, Vizir, Vasir, Wazir, Vesir, or Vezir - grammatical vowel changes are common in many oriental languages), literally burden-bearer or helper, is a term, originally Persian, for a high-ranking political (and sometimes religious) advisor or minister, often to...
This article or section needs additional references or sources. ...
For other meanings of Sinop/Sinope, see Sinope Sinop (also Sinope) is a city with a population of 47,000 on the coast of the Black Sea, in the modern region of Galatia in modern-day northern Turkey, historically known as Sinope. ...
For other meanings of Sinop/Sinope, see Sinope Sinop (also Sinope) is a city with a population of 47,000 on the coast of the Black Sea, in the modern region of Galatia in modern-day northern Turkey, historically known as Sinope. ...
Flag Capital Kastamonu Language(s) Turkish Religion Muslim Government Monarchy Bey - 1292 – ? Temür Yaman Candar - 1461 Ahmed the Red Historical era Late Medieval - Established 1292 - Disestablished 1461 Candaroğlu Beylik (sometimes referred to as Candar, Candaroğulları or İsfendiyaroğulları in Turkish) is an Anatolian Turkish Beylik that ruled...
Tokat is a city in Turkey, at the mid Black Sea region of Anatolia. ...
For other meanings of Sinop/Sinope, see Sinope Sinop (also Sinope) is a city with a population of 47,000 on the coast of the Black Sea, in the modern region of Galatia in modern-day northern Turkey, historically known as Sinope. ...
A caravanserai (also spelt caravansarai, caravansary Persian كاروانسرا, Turkish: kervansaray), means home or shelter for caravans (caravan meaning a group or convoy of soldiers, traders or pilgrims engaged in long distance travel). ...
DuraÄŸan is a district of Sinop Province of Turkey. ...
A caravanserai (also spelt caravansarai, caravansary Persian كاروانسرا, Turkish: kervansaray), means home or shelter for caravans (caravan meaning a group or convoy of soldiers, traders or pilgrims engaged in long distance travel). ...
Ä°hsaniye is a district of Afyonkarahisar Province, Turkey. ...
Kayseri (Greek: ΚαισάÏεια), in the antiquity Mazaka and later Caesarea, is an industrialized city in Turkey. ...
Merzifon is a city in Amasya Province in Turkey. ...
| | Ramazanoğlu (1352 - 1516) | Founder: Ramazan Bey from Yüreğir Oghuz clan • Capitals: Adana
Important centers and extension: Adana • Tarsus
Dynasty: Ramazanoğlu İbrahim Bey (1344-?) • Ramazanoğlu Ahmed Bey (? -1416) • Ramazanoğlu İbrahim Bey the Second (1416-1417) • Ramazanoğlu Hamza Bey (1417-1427) • Ramazanoğlu Mehmed Bey (1427-?) • Ramazanoğlu Eylük Bey (? - ?) • Ramazanoğlu Dündar Bey (? - ?) • Ramazanoğlu Ömer Bey (?-1490) • Gıyaseddin Halil Bey (1490-1511) • Ramazanoğlu Mahmud Bey (1511-1516) • Ramazanoğlu Selim Bey (? - ?) • Ramazanoğlu Kubad Bey (1517-?)
1516: Icorporation (by submission) into the Ottoman Empire under Selim I • 1516 - 1608: Dynasty members as Beys of Ottoman sanjak of Adana until 1608.
Important works: The Anatolian Turkish Beylik of RamazanoÄŸlu with its capital in Adana was one of the frontier principalities established by Oghuz Turkish clans after the decline of Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate. ...
Yüreğir is a district of Adana Province of Turkey. ...
Adana (Turkish: , Greek: ) (the ancient Antioch in Cilicia or Antioch on the Sarus) is the capital of Adana Province in Turkey. ...
Adana (Turkish: , Greek: ) (the ancient Antioch in Cilicia or Antioch on the Sarus) is the capital of Adana Province in Turkey. ...
68. ...
Ottoman redirects here. ...
Selim I (Ottoman: سليم الأول, Turkish:) (also known as the Grim or the Brave, Yavuz in Turkish, the long name is Yavuz Sultan Selim)(October 10, 1465 – September 22, 1520) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520. ...
Sanjak and Sandjak (other variants: sinjaq, sanjaq) are the most common English transliterations of the Turkish word Sancak, which literally means banner. In Arabic the sanjaks were also called liwas. ...
| | Sâhib Ata (1275 - 1341) | Founder: Sahib Ata Fahreddin Ali, vizier of the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate • Capital: Afyonkarahisar
Important centers and extension: Akşehir • Beyşehir • Sandıklı • Denizli
Dynasty: Dynasty: Sahib Ata Fahreddin Ali (1275 - 1288) and sons • Nusreddin Ahmed (1288 - 1341)
1341: Incorporation into the Beylik of Germiyan
Important works: Sâhib Ata Caravanserai in Sultandağı Sâhib Ata (also spelled as Sahip Atâ, Sahibata, Sahipata; Turkish plural SâhipataoÄŸulları) was an Anatolian Turkish Beylik centered in Afyonkarahisar and founded by one of the last viziers of the falling Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate, Fahreddin Ali ibn Husein, also known as Sâhib Ata. ...
ik ben jaaapie A Vizier (Persian,وزير - wazīr) (sometimes also spelled Vazir, Vizir, Vasir, Wazir, Vesir, or Vezir - grammatical vowel changes are common in many oriental languages), literally burden-bearer or helper, is a term, originally Persian, for a high-ranking political (and sometimes religious) advisor or minister, often to...
This article or section needs additional references or sources. ...
Afyonkarahisar (Turkish for the black opium castle) is a city in western Turkey, also known simply as Afyon (i. ...
AkÅŸehir is a town in the Konya Province of Turkey. ...
Taş Köprü (Stone Bridge) a historical regulator dam in Beyşehir. ...
Sandıklı is a district of Afyonkarahisar Province of Turkey. ...
Denizli is a city in southwestern Turkey. ...
The Anatolian Turkish Beylik of Germiyan with its capital in Kütahya was one of the prominent frontier principalities established by Oghuz Turkish clans after the decline of Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate. ...
Sultandağı is a district of Afyonkarahisar Province, Turkey. ...
| | Saruhan (1302 - 1410) | Founder: Saruhan Bey • Capital: Manisa
Important centers and extension: Demirci • Nif (Kemalpaşa) • Akhisar • Gördes • Menemen
Dynasty: Dynasty: Saruhan Bey (1302 - 1345) • Fahreddin İlyas Bey • Muzafferüddin İshak Bey ( - 1388) • Hızır Shah (1388 - 1390)
1390: First period of incorporation (by submission) into the Ottoman Empire under Bayezid I the Thunderbolt • 1402 - 1410: Second period of Beylik restituted by Tamerlane to Saruhanoğlu Orhan Bey (1402-1403) • Hızır Shah (1403 - 1410) • 1410: Second and last incorporation (by conquest) into the Ottoman realm under Mehmed I
Important works: The Anatolian Turkish Beylik of Saruhan with its capital in Manisa was one of the frontier principalities established by Oghuz Turkish clans after the decline of Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate. ...
Manisa is the capital of the Turkish province of Manisa. ...
Demirci is a town and a district of Manisa Province of Turkey. ...
NIF may refer to: the National Islamic Front of Sudan the National Ignition Facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in the United States the Nationalist and Integrationist Front of Ituri, Democratic Republic of the Congo the New Imperial Federation, a Star Wars Role Playing network [1] in which characters play...
KemalpaÅŸa is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ...
Akhisar (pronounced: ah-kee-sahr; or Tepe Mezarligi) is a district and a town center of Manisa Province in the Aegean region of Turkey. ...
Gördes is a district of Manisa Province of Turkey. ...
Menemen is a district of Turkeys Ä°zmir Province as well as the districts central town. ...
Ottoman redirects here. ...
// Bayezid I (Ottoman: بايزيد الأول, Turkish: Beyazıt, nicknamed Yıldırım (Ottoman: ییلدیرم), the Thunderbolt; 1354–1403) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1389 to 1402. ...
For the chess engine Tamerlane, see Tamerlane. ...
Sultan Mehmet I Mehmed I Çelebi (nicknamed Kirisci, the Executioner) (1389 – May 26, 1421) was a sultan of the Ottoman Empire. ...
| | Teke (1301 - 1423) | Ancestors: Hamidoğlu dynasty • Founder: Tekeoğlu Yunus Bey • Capitals: Antalya • Korkuteli
Important centers and extension: Antalya (lost to the Kingdom of Cyprus between 1361-1373) • Teke Peninsula
Dynasty: Tekeoğlu Yunus Bey (1301 - ?) • Tekeoğlu Mehmud Bey ( ? - 1327) • Tekeoğlu Hızır Bey ( ? - ?) • Tekeoğlu Dadı Bey (? - ?) • Zincirkıran Mehmed Bey (~ 1360 - ~ 1375) • Tekeoğlu Osman Bey (~ 1375 - 1390)
1390: First period of incorporation (by conquest) into the Ottoman Empire under Bayezid I the Thunderbolt • 1402 - 1423: Second period of Beylik restituted by Tamerlane to Tekeoğlu Osman Bey (1402-1423) • 1423: Second and last incorporation (by conquest) into the Ottoman realm under Murad II
Important works: Yivli Minare Mosque in Antalya (~ 1375) The Anatolian Turkish Beylik of Teke with its capital in Antalya was one of the frontier principalities established by Oghuz Turkish clans after the decline of Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate. ...
HamidoÄŸlu or Hamid Dynasty was one of the 14th century Anatolian Turkish Beyliks that emerged as as a consequence of the decline of the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate and ruled in the regions around EÄŸirdir and Isparta in southwestern Anatolia. ...
This article is mostly about the Antalya City; for the province, see Antalya Province. ...
Korkuteli is a district of Antalya Province in the Mediterranean region of Turkey, 56 km north-west of the city of Antalya. ...
This article is mostly about the Antalya City; for the province, see Antalya Province. ...
The Kingdom of Cyprus was a Roman Catholic Crusader kingdom on the island of Cyprus in the late Middle Ages. ...
Ottoman redirects here. ...
// Bayezid I (Ottoman: بايزيد الأول, Turkish: Beyazıt, nicknamed Yıldırım (Ottoman: ییلدیرم), the Thunderbolt; 1354–1403) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1389 to 1402. ...
For the chess engine Tamerlane, see Tamerlane. ...
Murad II (June 1404, Amasya – February 3, 1451, Edirne) (Ottoman Turkish: مراد ثانى MurÄd-ı sÄnÄ«, Turkish:) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1421 to 1451 (except for a period from 1444 to 1446). ...
The fluted minaret. ...
This article is mostly about the Antalya City; for the province, see Antalya Province. ...
| | The Ahlatshahs were succeeded by the Ayyubid dynasty. The Ayyubid Dynasty was a Muslim dynasty of Egypt, Iraq in the 12th and 13th centuries. ...
Architecture Important historical monuments around the lake include the Church of the Holy Cross (Armenian Սուրբ Խաչ, Surb Khach, scientific transliteration Surb xač') on Akdamar Island near the southern shore, and Van Kalesi (Castle of Van) on the lake's eastern shore near the modern city of Van. General view of Akdamar Island Akdamar Island (also known as Aghtamar, Ahktamar, and Aghtamar; Armenian: Ô±Õ²Õ©Õ¡Õ´Õ¡Ö€) is a small island in Lake Van in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey, about 0. ...
Van (Armenian ) is a city in eastern Turkey and the seat of Van Province, and is located on the eastern shore of Lake Van. ...
The Ahlatshahs left a large number of historic tombstones in and around the town of Ahlat. Local administators are currently trying to have the tombstones included in UNESCO's World Heritage List [12] , where they are currently listed tentatively. [13] Tombstone most commonly means a headstone marking the grave of a deceased person. ...
UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ...
Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ...
 Ferry Van approaching Van harbour.
Sunset in Van from ferry. ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 649 KB) Summary Train ferry Van aproaching Van harbour, Van lake. ...
ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 649 KB) Summary Train ferry Van aproaching Van harbour, Van lake. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 536 pixelsFull resolution (1176 × 788 pixel, file size: 113 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Lake Van during sunset in fall, from th ship. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 536 pixelsFull resolution (1176 × 788 pixel, file size: 113 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Lake Van during sunset in fall, from th ship. ...
Economy
Agriculture The lake is surrounded by fruit and grain-growing agricultural areas. For other uses, see Fruit (disambiguation). ...
This article is about cereals in general. ...
Railways The railway connecting Turkey and Iran built in the 1970s uses a train ferry across Lake Van between the cities Tatvan and Van, rather than building railway tracks around the rugged shore line. Transfer from train to ship and back again limits the total carrying capacity. The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, also called The Seventies. ...
A loaded train ferry approaching the dock in Detroit, Michigan, April 1943. ...
Tatvan is the capital city of the identically named district of Bitlis Province in eastern Turkey. ...
Van is a city in eastern Turkey with a population of 380 000 (2001). ...
See also Lake Tuz Lake Van Lake Eğirdir Lake Acıgöl Lake Bafa Lake Işıklı Lake Abant Wikimedia Commons has media related to: List of lakes in Turkey Geography of Turkey Regions of Turkey Rivers of Turkey Dams of Turkey Categories: | | ...
The Lake Van Monster (Turkish: Van Gölü Canavarı) was not reported until 1995 in Lake Van, a large alkaline lake in Eastern Turkey. ...
References - ^ a b c Coskun, M. & Musaoğlu, N. (2004), Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, <http://www.isprs.org/istanbul2004/comm7/papers/52.pdf>
- ^ a b c Degens, E.T.; Wong, H.K. & Kempe, S. et al. (June 1984), "A geological study of Lake Van, eastern Turkey", International Journal of Earth Sciences (Springer) 73 (2): 701-734, DOI:10.1007/BF01824978, <http://www.springerlink.com/content/x5285613642v3665/>
- ^ Wong, H.K. & Degens, E.T. (1978), "The bathymetry of Lake Van, eastern Turkey", Geology of Lake Van, Ankara: General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration, p. 6-10
- ^ Tomonaga, Yama; Brennwald, Matthias S. & Kipfer, Rolf (2007), Spatial variability in the release of terrigenic He from the sediments of Lake Van (Turkey), 4th Mini Conference on Noble Gases in the Hydrosphere and in Natural Gas Reservoirs, DOI:10.2312/GFZ.mga.045, <http://www.internal.eawag.ch/~tomonaga/pdf/MINOGA_2007_Poster.pdf>
- ^ Landmann, Günter; Reimera, Andreas & Lemcke, Gerry et al. (June 1996), "Dating Late Glacial abrupt climate changes in the 14,570 yr long continuous varve record of Lake Van, Turkey", Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (Elsevier Science B.V.) 122 (1-4): 107-118, DOI 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.10.071
- ^ Turkey's Lake Van Provides Precise Insights Into Eurasia's Climate History, 15 March 2007, <http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/03/070314110552.htm>
- ^ Journal; Fish Physiology and Biochemistry
- ^ Inci kefali summary
- ^ Kempe, S.; Kazmierczak, J. & Landmann, G. et al. (14 February 1991), "Largest known microbialites discovered in Lake Van, Turkey", Nature 349: 605-608, DOI:10.1038/349605a0, <http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v349/n6310/abs/349605a0.html>
- ^ RJ (1997). Sea monster or monster hoax? - June 12, 1997. CNN Interactive - World News. Retrieved on 2006-05-01.
- ^ The Concise Encyclopædia of Archaeology - Page 488 by Leonard Cottrell - 1960
- ^ Yüksel Oktay. (article) On the Roads of Anatolia - Van (English). Los Angeles Chronicle.
- ^ (List) Tentative World Heritage Sites (English). UNESCO.
A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ...
A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ...
Elseviers logo. ...
A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ...
Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
is the 121st day of the year (122nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ...
External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Turkey is a successor state of the Ottoman Empire, a multi-ethnic empire consolidated by gradual conquest during medieval and early modern times (1300-1700). ...
The Seljuk coat of arms was a double headed eagle The Seljuk Turks (also Seldjuk, Seldjuq, Seljuq; in modern Turkish Selçuklular; in Persian سلجوقيان SaljÅ«qiyÄn; in Arabic سلجوق SaljÅ«q, or السلاجقة al-SalÄjiqa) were a major branch of the Oghuz Turks and a dynasty that ruled parts of...
Sultanate controlling virtually all of Anatolia Capital Ä°znik Konya Political structure Empire Sultans - 1060-1077 Kutalmish - 1303-1308 Mesud II History - Division from the Great Seljuk Empire 1077 - Internal struggles 1307 The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum was the Seljuk Turkish sultanate that ruled in direct lineage from 1077 to 1307...
Anatolian beyliks (also Turkmen beyliks, Tevâif-i mülûk (in Ottoman Turkish) were small Turkish emirates or muslim principalities (beylik) governed by tribal beys, which were founded in several locations of Anatolia as of the end of the 13th century. ...
(12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ...
Image File history File links OttomanCoatOfArms. ...
Ottoman redirects here. ...
In the late 13th century the Seljuq empire had collapsed and Anatolia was divided into many small states. ...
This article is in need of attention. ...
The Battle of Vienna of 1683 was the real point at which the Empire began its decline. ...
Graphical timeline Decline of the Ottoman Empire covers the military and political events between 1828 to 1908. ...
This article describes the process of dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, in particular its final years in the early part of the 20th century. ...
Capitulations of the Ottoman Empire are contracts between Ottoman Empire and European powers. ...
The Tulip Era is an important period for the Ottoman Empire. ...
The Tanzimat (Ottoman Turkish: تنظيمات), meaning reorganization of the Ottoman Empire, was a period of reformation that began in 1839 and ended with the First Constitutional Era in 1876. ...
Graphical timeline The First Constitutional Era of the Ottoman Empire was the period of constitutional monarchy from the promulgation of a Basic Law by Abdülhamid II on 23 November 1876 until 13 February 1878 when the constitution was suspended. ...
Public Demonstration The Second Constitutional Era in the Ottoman Empire began with the 1908 Young Turk Revolution, shortly after which Sultan Abdul Hamid II restored the 1876 Constitution suspended since 1878. ...
Combatants Byzantine Empire Ottoman Sultanate Commanders Constantine XI †, Loukas Notaras, Giovanni Giustiniani †[1] Mehmed II, Zağanos Pasha Strength 7,000[2] 80,000[1]-200,000[1][3] Casualties 4,000 dead[4] 10,000 civilian dead[5][6] unknown The Fall of Constantinople refers to the capture of...
The wars of the Ottoman Empire in Europe marked the better part of the history of southeastern Europe, notably, giving infamy to the Balkans. ...
The Russo-Turkish Wars were a series of ten wars fought between the Russian Empire and the Turkish-ruled Ottoman Empire during the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries. ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_Turkey. ...
Combatants Turkish Revolutionaries United Kingdom Greece France Italy Armenia Ottoman Empire Georgia Commanders Mustafa Kemal İsmet İnönü Kazım Karabekir Ali Fuat Cebesoy Fevzi Çakmak George Milne Henri Gouraud Papoulas Georgios Hatzianestis Drastamat Kanayan Movses Silikyan Süleyman Şefik Pasha The Turkish War of Independence (Turkish: Kurtuluş Savaşı or...
Atatürk, modern Turkeys founder and first President The history of modern Turkey begins with the foundation of the republic on October 29, 1923 (the Republic was declared on January 20, 1921), with Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk) as its first president. ...
This page summarizes the history after the Multi-party period. ...
Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...
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