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There are over 170 languages in the Philippines; almost all of them belong to the Austronesian language family. Of all of these languages, only 2 are considered official in the country, at least 10 are considered major and at least 8 are considered co-official. Image File history File links Question_book-3. ... The Austronesian languages are a language family widely dispersed throughout the islands of Southeast Asia and the Pacific, with a few members spoken on continental Asia. ...

Map of the dominant ethnolinguistic groups of the Philippines.

Image File history File links Download high resolution version (600x900, 85 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (600x900, 85 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Ethnolinguistics is a field of linguistic anthropology which studies the language of a particular ethnic group. ...

National and official languages

Spanish was the original official language of the country for more than three centuries, and became the lingua franca of the Philippines in the 19th and early 20th centuries. In 1863 a Spanish decree introduced universal education, creating free public schooling in Spanish.^[1] It was also the language of the Philippine Revolution, and the 1899 Malolos Constitution proclaimed it as the official language of the First Philippine Republic. National hero Jose Rizal wrote most of his works in Spanish, which was spoken by a total of 60% of the population in the early 1900's as a first, second or third language. Following the American occupation of the Philippines and the imposition of English, the use of Spanish declined gradually, especially after the 1940's. Lingua franca, literally Frankish language in Italian, was originally a mixed language consisting largely of Italian plus a vocabulary drawn from Turkish, Persian, French, Greek and Arabic and used for communication throughout the Middle East. ... Year 1863 (MDCCCLXIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... // Public education is education mandated for the children of the general public by the government, whether national, regional, or local, provided by an institution of civil government, and paid for, in whole or in part, by taxes. ... Combatants Filipino independence movement Spanish Empire Commanders Andres Bonifacio, Emilio Aguinaldo Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines Strength 80,000 soldiers unknown Casualties unknown unknown The Philippine Revolution (1896—1898) was an armed conflict between the Spanish colonial regime and the Katipunan, which sought Philippine independence from Spain. ... Flag Anthem: Himno Nacional Filipina Location of Filipinas in Asia Capital Bacoor, Cavite Malolos, Bulacan January 23, 1899-March 29, 1899 San Isidro, Nueva Ecija March 29, 1899-May 9, 1899 Palanan, Isabela September 6, 1900-March 23, 1901 Language(s) Spanish (official), Tagalog Government Republic President  - 1898-1901 Emilio... José Rizal José Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonzo Realonda (June 19, 1861 - December 30, 1896) is the national hero of the Philippines. ...

Under the U.S. occupation and civil regime, English began to be taught in schools. By 1901, public education was institutionalized, with English serving as the medium of instruction. Around 600 educators (called "Thomasites") who arrived in that year aboard the USS Thomas replaced the soldiers who also functioned as teachers. The 1935 Constitution added English as an official language alongside Spanish. A provision in this constitution also called for Congress to "take steps toward the development and adoption of a common national language based on one of the existing native languages." On November 12, 1937, the First National Assembly created the National Language Institute. President Manuel L. Quezon appointed native Waray-Waray speaker Jaime C. De Veyra to chair a committee of speakers of other regional languages. Their aim was to select a national language among the other regional languages. Ultimately, Tagalog was chosen as the base language December 31, 1937. The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... The Thomasites are a group of about five hundred pioneer American teachers sent by the American government to the Philippines in August 1901 to establish a public school system, to teach basic education and to train Filipino teachers, with English as the medium of instruction. ... Two ships in the United States Navy have been named USS Thomas, for Clarence Crase Thomas. ... is the 316th day of the year (317th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Manuel Luis Quezon y Molina (b. ... Wáray-Wáray or Waráy (commonly spelled as Waray; also referred to as Winaray or L(in)eyte-Samarnon) is a language spoken in the provinces of Samar, Northern Samar, Eastern Samar, Leyte (eastern portion), and Biliran in the Philippines. ... Tagalog (pronunciation: ) is one of the major languages of the Republic of the Philippines. ... is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Although the teaching of the national language in schools began in 1940, Tagalog was not made an official language until the restoration of independence on July 4, 1946. Starting in 1961, the national language began to be referred to as Filipino rather than Tagalog. is the 185th day of the year (186th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The 1973 Constitution under the Marcos administration retained English and Filipino as official languages, dropping Spanish. There was another provision stating that the National Assembly should "take steps towards the development and formal adoption of a common national language to be known as Filipino." Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralín Marcos (September 11, 1917 – September 28, 1989) was President of the Philippines from 1966 to 1986. ...

The present constitution, ratified in 1987, stated that Filipino and English are both the official languages of the country. Filipino also had the distinction of being a national language that was to be "developed and enriched on the basis of existing Philippine and other languages." Although not explicitly stated in the constitution, Filipino is in practice almost completely composed of the Tagalog as spoken in the capital, Manila; however, organizations such as the University of the Philippines began publishing dictionaries such as the UP Diksyonaryong Filipino in which words from various Philippine languages were also included. The constitution also made mention of Spanish and Arabic, both of which are to be promoted on a voluntary and optional basis; in reality, virtually nothing is being done to this end. This is in contrast to Morocco, where Spanish is spoken in the northern part of that country and is becoming a popular language to learn, after French among the country's northern inhabitants. In Francophone Africa, the use of French, despite being a native language of only a minority of people who live in that part of Africa, is actively promoted, even if (as in Algeria, Mauritania, Morocco and Tunisia) it is not an official one. For other meanings of the word, see Manila (disambiguation). ... The Oblation UP Diliman, the flagship campus of the U.P. System UP Baguio UP Extension Program in Pampanga Temporary Campus UP Los Baños UP Manila This article is about the University of the Philippines System. ... The UP Diksyonaryong Filipino (English: UP Filipino Dictionary) is the first attempt at a monolingual Filipino dictionary. ... Arabic can mean: From or related to Arabia From or related to the Arabs The Arabic language; see also Arabic grammar The Arabic alphabet, used for expressing the languages of Arabic, Persian, Malay ( Jawi), Kurdish, Panjabi, Pashto, Sindhi and Urdu, among others. ... Francophone Africa. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ...

Filipino is an official language of education, but less important than English. It is the major language of the broadcast media and cinema, but less important than English as a language of publication (except in some domains, like comic books, which are meant to speak directly to the Filipino psyche) and less important for academic-scientific-technological discourse. English and Filipino compete in the domains of business and government.^{[dubious – discuss]} Filipino is used as a lingua franca in all regions of the Philippines as well as within overseas Filipino communities, and is the dominant language of the armed forces (except perhaps for the small part of the commissioned officer corps from wealthy or upper middle class families) and of a large part of the civil service, most of whom are non-Tagalogs. A comic book is a magazine or book containing the art form of comics. ... Lingua franca, literally Frankish language in Italian, was originally a mixed language consisting largely of Italian plus a vocabulary drawn from Turkish, Persian, French, Greek and Arabic and used for communication throughout the Middle East. ... Languages Filipino, Ilocano, Tagalog, Tausug, Visayan languages, other Philippine languages, English Religions Predominantly Catholic; Protestantism; Islam; Nonreligious Related ethnic groups Filipino people, Filipino American, Filipino Canadian, Filipino Australian, Filipino British, Filipino Hong Konger An Overseas Filipino is a person of Philippine origin who lives outside of the Philippines. ... Alternate cover US 1979 and 2002 reissue cover, also known as paint spatter cover For the military meaning, see Armed forces. ... An officer is a member of a military, naval, or if applicable, other uniformed services who holds a position of responsibility. ... The Roman civil service in action. ...

Nobody questions that there is diglossia in the case of Filipino and the other regional languages. In this case, we can clearly label Filipino as the acrolect and the regional languages the basilect. An acrolect is a register of a spoken language that is considered formal and high-style. ... In linguistics, a basilect is a dialect of speech that has diverged so far from the standard language that in essence it has become a different language. ...

The Constitution of the Philippines provides for the use of the vernacular languages as auxiliary languages in provinces where Filipino is not the lingua franca. This is however not implemented as Filipinos at large would be polyglots. In the case where the vernacular language is a regional language, Filipinos would speak in Filipino when speaking in formal situations while the regional languages are spoken in non-formal settings. This is evident in major urban areas outside the National Capital Region like Laoag and Vigan in the Ilocano-speaking area, and Cebu and Davao in the Cebuano-speaking area. Although the case of Ilocano and Cebuano are becoming more of bilingualism than diglossia due to the publication of materials written in these languages. Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections Chairman: Resurreccion Z. Borra 2013 | 2010 | 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Government Website Human rights Other countries Atlas  Politics Portal      The Constitution of the... An international auxiliary language (sometimes abbreviated as IAL or auxlang) is a language used (or to be used in the future) for communication between people from different nations who do not share a common native language. ... Lingua franca, literally Frankish language in Italian, was originally a mixed language consisting largely of Italian plus a vocabulary drawn from Turkish, Persian, French, Greek and Arabic and used for communication throughout the Middle East. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Multilingualism#Multilingualism within an individual. ... National Capital Region can mean the following The National Capital Region of the Philippines. ... Laoag City (18°N 12, 120°E 36) is the capital city of Ilocos Norte province in the Ilocos Region of the Philippines. ... Vigan is the capital city of the province of Ilocos Sur in the Philippines. ... Ilocano, also Iloko and Ilokano, refers to the language and culture associated with the Ilocano people, the third largest ethnic group in the Philippines. ... Nickname: Map of Cebu showing the location of Cebu City Coordinates: 10°17 N 123°54 E Country Region Province Cebu (capital) Districts 1st and 2nd districts of Cebu City Barangays 80 Incorporated (town) 1565 Incorporated (city) February 24, 1937 Government  - Mayor Tomas D.R. Osmeña (BO-PK/Lakas... Nickname: Motto: In God We Trust Map of Davao Region showing the location of Davao City Coordinates: 7° 30 N, 126° E Country Region Province None Districts 1st to 3rd Districts of Davao City Barangays 184 Incorporated (town) 1848 Incorporated (city) October 16, 1936 Government  - Mayor Rodrigo Duterte (Hugpong/PDP... Cebuano, also known as Sinugboanon, is an Austronesian language spoken in the Philippines by about 20,000,000 people (according to Ethnologue). ...

The diglossia is more evident in the case of other languages such as Pangasinan, Kapampangan, Bikol, Waray, Hiligaynon, Sambal, and Maranao, where the written variant of the language is becoming less and less popular to give way to the use of Filipino. Although Philippine laws consider some of these languages as "major languages" there is little, if any, support coming from the government to preserve these languages. This may be bound to change, however, given current policy trends.^[2] Although Philippine linguists would agree that there is still no danger of these languages becoming extinct in the near future, the lack of support from the government makes these languages prone to “bastardation”. The Pangasinan language (Pangasinan: salitan Pangasinan; Spanish: idioma pangasinense) belongs to the Malayo-Polynesian languages branch of the Austronesian languages family. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Bicolano or Bikol is an Austronesian language used in the Philippines particularly on the Bicol Peninsula on the island of Luzon. ... Wáray-Wáray or Waráy (commonly spelled as Waray; also referred to as Winaray or L(in)eyte-Samarnon) is a language spoken in the provinces of Samar, Northern Samar, Eastern Samar, Leyte (eastern portion), and Biliran in the Philippines. ... Hiligaynon language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator Hiligaynon (or Ilonggo) is an Austronesian language spoken in Western Visayas in the Philippines. ... Sambal (Spanish: zambal) is a Sambalic language spoken primarily in the province of Zambales in the Philippines. ... Maranao is an Austronesian language spoken in the provinces of Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur in the Philippines. ... A variety of a language is a form that differs from other forms of the language systematically and coherently. ...

There still exists another type of diglossia, which is between the regional languages and the minority languages. Here, we label the regional languages as acrolects while the minority languages as the basilect. In this case, the minority language is spoken only in very intimate circles, like the family or the tribe one belongs to. Outside this circle, one would speak in the prevalent regional language, while maintaining an adequate command of Filipino for formal situations. Unlike the case of the regional languages these minority languages are always in danger of becoming extinct because of speakers favoring the more prevalent regional language. Moreover, most of the users of these languages are illiterate and as expected, there is a chance that these languages will no longer be revived due to lack of written records.

Indigenous languages

According to Ethnologue, a total of 171 native languages are spoken in the country. Except for English, Spanish, Hokkien (Lan-nang), Cantonese, Mandarin, and Chavacano, all of the languages belong to the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian language family. Ethnologue: Languages of the World is a web and print publication of SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics), a Christian linguistic service organization which studies lesser-known languages primarily to provide the speakers with Bibles in their native language. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Mǐn N n (Chinese: 閩南語), also spelt as Minnan or Min-nan; native name B ; literally means Southern Min or Southern Fujian and refers to the local language/dialect of southern Fujian province, China. ... Lan-nang, or more properly known as Lan-nang-oé, is the Philippine variant of Min Nan, also known as Southern Fujianese or Hokkienese. ... This article is about all of the Cantonese (Yue) dialects. ... This article is on all of the Northern and Southwestern Chinese dialects. ... Chavacano (as a proper noun, as a derivative of the Spanish adjective chabacano, and as it is generally accepted in literature, the broadcast media, and Zamboangueños) or Chabacano (as the Spanish adjective) is the common name for the several varieties of the Philippine Creole Spanish spoken in the Philippines. ... The Malayo-Polynesian languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages used by some 351 million speakers. ... The Austronesian languages are a language family widely dispersed throughout the islands of Southeast Asia and the Pacific, with a few members spoken on continental Asia. ...

There are 13 native languages with at least one million native speakers: Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilokano, Hiligaynon, Waray-Waray, Kapampangan, Bikol, Albay Bikol [1], Pangasinan, Maranao, Maguindanao, Kinaray-a, and Tausug. One or more of these is spoken natively by more than 90% of the population. Tagalog (pronunciation: ) is one of the major languages of the Republic of the Philippines. ... Cebuano, also known as Sinugboanon, is an Austronesian language spoken in the Philippines by about 20,000,000 people (according to Ethnologue). ... To view the Ilokano edition of this Wikipedia article, select from the in other languages Ilokano (variants: Ilocano, Iluko, Iloco, and Iloko) is the third most-spoken language of the Republic of the Philippines. ... Hiligaynon language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator Hiligaynon (or Ilonggo) is an Austronesian language spoken in Western Visayas in the Philippines. ... Wáray-Wáray or Waráy (commonly spelled as Waray; also referred to as Winaray or L(in)eyte-Samarnon) is a language spoken in the provinces of Samar, Northern Samar, Eastern Samar, Leyte (eastern portion), and Biliran in the Philippines. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Bicolano or Bikol is an Austronesian language used in the Philippines particularly on the Bicol Peninsula on the island of Luzon. ... This article needs to be wikified. ... The Pangasinan language (Pangasinan: salitan Pangasinan; Spanish: idioma pangasinense) belongs to the Malayo-Polynesian languages branch of the Austronesian languages family. ... Maranao is an Austronesian language spoken in the provinces of Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur in the Philippines. ... Maguindanao is an Austronesian language spoken in the provinces of Cotabato, South Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, and Zamboanga del Sur in the Philippines. ... Kinaray-a is an Austronesian language spoken mainly in the Antique Province in the Philippines. ... Tausug is spoken in Sulu province in the Philippines. ...

Classification of Philippine languages

Philippine languages are traditionally divided into a handful of subgroups. The first three are closely related geographic groupings: That is, the languages they contain may be no more related to each other than they are to languages in other groups. The smaller, southern groups are more distinct.

Northern Philippine languages such as Ilokano, Kapampangan, Pangasinan, and Sambal languages which are concentrated in northern and central Luzon. Some languages in Mindoro such as Iraya and Tadyawan are included in this group. The Yami language (also known as Tao of Orchid Island in Taiwan is also a member of this group. The Pangasinan language (Pangasinan: salitan Pangasinan; Spanish: idioma pangasinense) belongs to the Malayo-Polynesian languages branch of the Austronesian languages family. ... Sambal (Spanish: zambal) is a Sambalic language spoken primarily in the province of Zambales in the Philippines. ... Map of the Philippines showing the island groups of Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. ... Beach in Northern Mindoro Mindoro is the seventh-largest island in the Philippines. ... Old photo of the Tao people on the shore of Orchid Island, ca. ... Old photo of the people of Orchid Island, near Taiwan published in a Japanese colonial government publication, ca. ...

Meso Philippine languages are perhaps the group with the most speakers and is the most geographically widespread, covering Central Luzon, the Visayas and many parts of Mindanao. Certain languages spoken in Palawan and Mindoro such as Tagbanwa, Palawano, and Hanunoo constitute their own respective subgroups. The largest subgroup are the Central Philippine languages which are composed of Tagalog; Bicol languages; 80% use Visayan languages such as Cebuano, Hiligaynon and Waray-Waray; and Mansakan languages. Map of the Philippines showing Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao Visayas is one of the three island groupings in the Philippines along with Luzon and Mindanao. ... Mindanao is the second largest and easternmost island in the Philippines. ... Palawan is an island province of the Philippines located in the Mimaropa region. ... Beach in Northern Mindoro Mindoro is the seventh-largest island in the Philippines. ... This article needs cleanup. ... The Bikol languages are a group of Central Philippine languages spoken in the Bicol Region of the Philippines. ... The Visayan languages of the Philippines, along with Tagalog and Bikol, are part of the Central Philippine language family. ... Wáray-Wáray is a language spoken in the provinces of Samar, Northern Samar, Eastern Samar, Leyte (eastern portion), and Biliran in the Philippines. ...

Southern Philippine languages such as Maranao, Maguindanao, Manobo languages, and Subanun languages are concentrated in Mindanao but more than 80% use Visayan or cebuano language. Many Southern Philippine languages have been influenced by Malaysian, Indonesian, Sanskrit, and Arabic words. Maranao is an Austronesian language spoken in the provinces of Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur in the Philippines. ... Maguindanao is an Austronesian language spoken in the provinces of Cotabato, South Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, and Zamboanga del Sur in the Philippines. ... Cotabato Manobo is a Manobo language spoken in Mindanao, the Philippines. ...

The final three following groups are thought to be more distantly related to the previous three.

Southern Mindanao languages are languages such as Tboli and Blaan which are spoken in southern Mindanao.

Sama-Bajaw languages mainly centered in the Sulu Archipelago as well as parts of Borneo. One language, Abaknon, is spoken on Capul Island near Samar, which is far from other Sama languages. Other languages in this group are Yakan and Sama. Sulu Archipelago is an island chain in the southwest Philippines. ... Borneo is the third largest island in the world and is located at the centre of Maritime Southeast Asia. ... Capul is a 5th class municipality in the province of Northern Samar, Philippines. ... Samar is an island in the Visayas, which is in the central Philippines. ...

Sulawesi languages has only two representatives in the Philippines, the Sangil and the Sangir languages.

Mutual intelligibility

Despite not being mutually intelligible, Philippine languages tend to be referred to by Filipinos as dialects. For dialects of programming languages, see Programming language dialect. ...

The vast differences between the languages can be seen in the following translations of the Philippine national proverb "He who does not look back at his past plight will not reach his future."

• Aklanon: Ro uwa' gatan-aw sa anang ginhalinan hay indi makaabut sa anang ginapaeangpan.
• Asi: Kag tawong waya giruromroma it ida ginghalinan, indi makaabot sa ida apagtuan.
• Bangon: No fuktaw hadwa bumontag idwan dasog at bato lawan.
• Bikol: An dai tataong magsalingoy sa saiyang ginikanan, dai makakaabot sa padudumanan.
• Rinconada Bikol: A diri maglili sa pinaggalinan, diri makaaabot sa pigiyanan.
• Cebuano: Kadtong dili molingi sa gigikanan, dili makaabot sa gipadulongan.
• Ibanag: I tolay nga ari mallipay ta naggafuananna, ari makadde ta angayanna.
• Itawis: Ya tolay nga mari mallipay tsa naggafuananna, mari makakandet tsa angayanna.
• Ilokano: Ti saán a tumaliaw iti naggapuanna, saán a makadánon iti papanánna.
• Hiligaynon: Kon sin-o ang indi makahibalo magbalikid sang iya ginta-uhan, indi makaabot sa iya padulungan.
• Jama Mapun: Soysoy niya' pandoy ngantele' patulakan ne, niya' ta'abut katakkahan ne.
• Kapampangan: Ing e byasang malikid king kayang ibatan, e ya makaratang king kayang pupuntan.
• Kinaray-a: Ang indi kamaan magbalikid sa ana ginhalinan, indi makaabot sa ana paaragtunan.
• Miraya (West), Albay Bikol: Kan na taw na idi tataw mag linguy sa sanyang inalian, idi man maka abot sa sanyang paidtunan.
• Obo Manobo: Iddos minuvu no konnod kotuig nod loingoy to id pomonan din, konna mandad od poko-uma riyon tod undiyonnan din.
• Pangasinan: Say too ya agga unlingon ed nanlapuan to, agga makasabi ed laen to.
• Sambal (Botolan): Hay ahe nin nanlek ha pinag-ibatan, ay ahe makarateng ha lalakwen.
• Sambal (Tina): Hay kay tanda mamanomtom ha pinangibatan, kay immabot sa kakaon.
• Sangil: Tao mata taya mabiling su pubuakengnge taya dumanta su kadam tangi.
• Sinama: Ya Aa ga-i tau pa beleng ni awwal na, ga-i du sab makasong ni maksud na.
• Surigao-non: Yaon dili kahibayo molingi sa iya ing-gikanan, dili gajod makaabot iya pasingdan.
• Sorsogoanon: An diri mag-imud sa pinaghalian diri makaabot sa kakadtuan.
• Tagalog: Ang hindî marunong lumingón sa pinanggalingan ay hindî makararatíng sa paroroonan.
• Filipino: Ang hindi marunong lumingon sa pinanggalingan, hindi makakarating sa pupuntuhan.
• Tausug: In di' maingat lumingi' pa bakas liyabayan niya, di' makasampay pa kadtuun niya.
• Waray-Waray: An diri maaram lumingi ha tinikangan, diri maulpot ha kakadtoan.
• Yakan: Gey tau mayam sibukutan, gey tau tekka kaditaran.

Bicolano or Bikol is an Austronesian language used in the Philippines particularly on the Bicol Peninsula on the island of Luzon. ... Iriga Bicolano or Rinconada Bikol is one of the three languages that compose the group Inland Bikol of the macrolanguage Bikol. ... This article needs to be wikified. ... Wáray-Wáray is a language spoken in the provinces of Samar, Northern Samar, Eastern Samar, Leyte (eastern portion), and Biliran in the Philippines. ...

Dialectal variation

The amount of dialectal variation varies from language to language. Languages like Tagalog and Kapampangan are known to have very moderate dialectal variation.

In the languages of the Bicol Region, however, there is great dialectal variation. There are towns which have their own dialects. Below is the sentence "Were you there at the market for a long time?" translated into certain varieties of Bikol. The translation is followed by dialect and language, and town in Bicol where they are spoken. The final translations are in Tagalog and Ilonggo. Bicol Region or Bicolandia is one of the 16 regions of the Philippines occupying the Bicol Peninsula at the southeastern end of Luzon island and some other islands. ...

• Haloy ka duman sa saod? (Standard Bikol, and Bikol-Naga, a dialect of Central Bicolano or Bikol; Naga City)
• Aloy ka duman sa saod? (Magarao, a variety of Bikol-Naga, Central Bicolano; Magarao, Camarines Sur)
• Huray ka doon sa saod? (Northern Catanduanes Bicolano or Pandan Bikol; Pandan, Catanduanes)
• Naeban ika sadto sa sa-ran? (Iriga Bicolano or Rinconada; Iriga City)
• Uban ika adto sa saod? (Libon, Albay Bicolano; Libon, Albay)
• Naegey ika adto sa sa-ran? (Buhi-non, Albay Bicolano; Buhi, Camarines Sur)
• Eley ka idto sa sed? (Oasnon, Albay Bicolano; Oas, Albay)
• Dugay ka didto sa palengke? (Ticao, Masbatenyo; Monreal, Masbate)
• Awat ka didto sa plasa? (Gubat, Southern Sorsogon; Gubat, Sorsogon)
• Matagal ka roon sa palengke? (Tagalog)
• Nagdugay ka didto sa tyangge? (Ilonggo)
• Dugay ka didto sa merkado? (Cebuano)
• Yadto kaw sa tiangge nan dugay? (Surigao-non)

Bicolano or Bikol is an Austronesian language used in the Philippines particularly on the Bicol Peninsula on the island of Luzon. ... Bicolano or Bikol is an Austronesian language used in the Philippines particularly on the Bicol Peninsula on the island of Luzon. ... The City of Naga (Bikol: Ciudad nin Naga; Filipino: Lungsod ng Naga) is a first class city of the Philippines. ... Magarao is a 5th class municipality in the province of Camarines Sur, Philippines. ... Pandan Bikol or Northern Catanduanes Bicolano is one of the three language groups forming the macrolanguage Bikol. ... Pandan is a 5th class municipality in the province of Catanduanes, Philippines. ... Iriga Bicolano or Rinconada Bikol is one of the three languages that compose the group Inland Bikol of the macrolanguage Bikol. ... Iriga City is a 3rd class city in the province of Camarines Sur, Philippines. ... This article needs to be wikified. ... Libon is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Albay, Philippines. ... Buhi is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Camarines Sur, Philippines. ... Oas is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Albay, Philippines. ... Masbatenyo is a Visayan language spoken by more than 600,000 people, primarily in the province of Masbate in the Philippines. ... Monreal is a 5th class municipality in the province of Masbate, Philippines. ... Gubat is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. ... Tagalog (pronunciation: ) is one of the major languages of the Republic of the Philippines. ... Hiligaynon or Ilonggo is an Austronesian language spoken in Western Visayas in the Philippines. ...

False friends among Philippine languages (excluding Filipino and Bikol languages)

The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject. Please help improve the article with a good introductory style.

One factor compounding the problem of mutual intelligibility among Philippine languages are those false friends, or false cognates, among the languages. There are many examples where a word in one language will have a greatly different meaning in another language. Image File history File links Broom_icon. ... False friends are pairs of words in two languages or letters in two alphabets that look or sound similar but differ in meaning. ...

Legend: Ilocano (ILO), Kapampangan (PMP), Tagalog (TGL), Cebuano (CEB), Ilonggo/Hiligaynon (HIL), Waray-Waray (WRY), Pangasinan (PANG), Surigao-non (SUR).

• bukid: field (farm) (TGL), hill/mountain (CEB, WRY,SUR & HIL).
• gamot: medicine (TGL), roots of plants (CEB , SUR & WRY).
• habol: pursue (TGL), blanket (CEB , SUR & HIL), dulled (CEB & HIL).
• hilo: become nauseous (TGL & HIL), poison or thread (CEB & HIL).
• hipon: prawn/shrimp (TGL & HIL), shrimp paste (bagoong [CEB & TAG]).
• ilog: river (TGL), grab against the will (CEB), copy/cheat/cheating (HIL).
• irog: loved one (TGL), move over (CEB).
• ibon: 'ebun'-egg (Kp), bird (TGL).
• hubad: translate (CEB), naked (TGL), unknot/untie (HIL).
• kadyot: copulate (TGL), a moment (CEB).
• karon: later (HIL), now (CEB).
• katok: knock a door (TGL), silly/senseless (CEB & HIL).
• kayat: want (ILO), copulate (CEB).
• kumot: blanket (TGL), to crumple (CEB & WRY)
• laban: against/opposed to (TGL), in support of (CEB), greater/more of (HIL)
• lagay: put (TGL), male genitals (HIL , SUR & CEB), mud (WRY)
• langgam: ant (TGL), bird (CEB).
• libang: do leisurely things (TGL& WRY), defecate (CEB), to baby-sit or to entertain (HIL)
• libog: lust (TGL), to be confused (CEB & HIL).
• lingin: round (CEB), dizzy (HIL)
• lipong: dizzy (CEB), fainted (HIL)
• paa: foot (TGL), leg (CEB & HIL).
• pagod: tired (TGL & HIL), burnt/scorched (CEB).
• palit: change/exchange (TGL), buy (CEB).
• pagong: turtle (TGL), frog (HIL).
• pating: shark (TGL & CEB), dove (HIL)
• sabot: pubic hair (HIL), to understand (CEB).
• sili: chili (TGL & CEB), penis (WRY), eel (HIL).
• tapak: to step on (TGL & HIL), to patch a hole (CEB).
• tete: bridge (PMP), Mammary glands (TGL).
• titi: penis (TGL), breasts (HIL, ILO & CEB)
• tulo: drip (TGL & HIL), Syphilis (TGL & HIL), three (CEB & WRY).
• usa: deer (TGL & HIL), one (CEB & WRY).
• usap : to talk (TGL), to chew (CEB & HIL).
• utong: nipple (TGL), to hold one's breath (CEB), string beans (ILO)
• wala : nothing (TGL, HIL, & CEB), there is (PANG), left side (HIL & CEB)
• Lagi : always (TGL) AGREED (CEB)
• upa  : rent (TGL) mating (CEB)
• buhat: to lift (TGL) to make (CEB)
• lipat: to tranfer (TGL) mislook (CEB)

Bagoong is shrimp paste, commonly eaten by Filipinos. ...

Philippine Languages Comparison Chart

Below is a chart of Philippine languages. While there has been misunderstandings on which ones should be classified as language and which ones should be classified as dialect, this chart confirms that most have similarities but are not mutually comprehensible with each other. These languages are arranged according to the regions they are natively spoken (from north to south, then east to west). For dialects of programming languages, see Programming language dialect. ...

There is a language spoken by the Tao people (also known as Yami) of Orchid Island of Taiwan which is not included in the language of the Philippines. Their language, Tao (or Yami) is part of the Batanic languages which includes Ivatan, Babuyan, and Itbayat of the Batanes. The Ivatan language, also known as Ibatan, is an Austronesian language spoken exclusively in the Batanes Islands in the most northern reaches of the Philippines. ... To view the Ilokano edition of this Wikipedia article, select from the in other languages Ilokano (variants: Ilocano, Iluko, Iloco, and Iloko) is the third most-spoken language of the Republic of the Philippines. ... The Pangasinan language (Pangasinan: salitan Pangasinan; Spanish: idioma pangasinense) belongs to the Malayo-Polynesian languages branch of the Austronesian languages family. ... The Ibanag language (also Ybanag or Ibanak) is spoken by up to 500,000 speakers (the Ibanag people) in the Philippines, in the northeastern provinces of Isabela and Cagayan, especially in Tuguegarao City, Solana, Cabagan, and Ilagan and with overseas immigrants in countries located in the Middle East, UK and... Kalinga is a language family of the Philippines. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Tagalog (pronunciation: ) is one of the major languages of the Republic of the Philippines. ... Bicolano or Bikol is an Austronesian language used in the Philippines particularly on the Bicol Peninsula on the island of Luzon. ... Iriga Bicolano or Rinconada Bikol is one of the three languages that compose the group Inland Bikol of the macrolanguage Bikol. ... Kinaray-a is an Austronesian language spoken mainly in the Antique Province in the Philippines. ... Hiligaynon or Ilonggo is an Austronesian language spoken in Western Visayas in the Philippines. ... Cebuano, also known as Sinugboanon, is an Austronesian language spoken in the Philippines by about 20,000,000 people (according to Ethnologue). ... Wáray-Wáray or Waráy (commonly spelled as Waray; also referred to as Winaray or L(in)eyte-Samarnon) is a language spoken in the provinces of Samar, Northern Samar, Eastern Samar, Leyte (eastern portion), and Biliran in the Philippines. ... The Tbolis are one of the indigenous peoples of South Mindanao. ... Tausug is spoken in Sulu province in the Philippines. ... Old photo of the Tao people on the shore of Orchid Island, ca. ... Old photo of the people of Orchid Island, near Taiwan published in a Japanese colonial government publication, ca. ... The Tao (Chinese: ) language, also known referred to as Yami (雅美), is spoken by a Taiwanese aboriginal people, native to tiny outlying Orchid Island. ... The Batanic languages (sometimes called ‘Bashiic’ or ‘Ivatanic’ or ‘Vasayic’) are four closely related languages which together form a subgroup of the Austronesian language family. ... The Ivatan language, also known as Ibatan, is an Austronesian language spoken exclusively in the Batanes Islands in the most northern reaches of the Philippines. ... The Province of Batanes is the northernmost and the smallest province of the Philippine Republic, both in terms of population and land area. ...

The Tao (Chinese: ) language, also known referred to as Yami (雅美), is spoken by a Taiwanese aboriginal people, native to tiny outlying Orchid Island. ...

List of Speakers per Language

Below are population estimates from the 2000 Philippine census by National Statistics Office of the Philippines on the number of Filipinos who speak the following 18 languages as a native language.

Major Foreign Languages

Spanish

Main article: Spanish in the Philippines

Spanish began to be introduced in the archipelago from 1565, when the Spanish Conquistador Miguel López de Legazpi founded the first Spanish settlement on Cebu. Spanish was the first official language of the Philippines since the conquest by Spain in the 16th century. ... Spanish was the first official language of the Philippines since the conquest by Spain in the 16th century. ... The Mergui Archipelago The Archipelago Sea, situated between the Gulf of Bothnia and the Gulf of Finland, the largest archipelago in the world by the number of islands. ... A Conquistador (Spanish: []) (English: Conqueror) was a Spanish soldier, explorer and adventurer who took part in the gradual invasion and conquering of much of the Americas and Asia Pacific, bringing them under Spanish colonial rule between the 15th and 19th centuries. ... Miguel López de Legazpi (1502 - August 20, 1572, Manila), also known as El Adelantado (The Governor) and El Viejo (The Elder), was a Spanish conquistador who established the first colony in the Philippine Islands in 1565. ... For other uses, see Cebu (disambiguation). ...

In 1593, the first printing press was founded. A great portion of the history of the Philippines is written in Spanish. Many land titles, contracts, newspapers and literature are still written in Spanish. There are thousands of Spanish loanwords in Tagalog, Cebuano, and other languages. Spanish numbers are usually used with dates, times, measurements, and other occasions.

The use of Spanish began to decline after Spain ceded the islands to the United States in 1898. Under U.S. rule, English began to be promoted instead of Spanish. After the country's independence (in 1946) and during the Marcos administration, many of the old Spanish-speaking families in Philippines migrated to Spain and Latin America. There were six million Spanish speakers in the Philippines in 1940. The 1950 Census stated that hispanophone Filipinos made up 6% of the population. In 1990, the census reported that the number had dwindled to just 2,500. The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralín Marcos (September 11, 1917 – September 28, 1989) was President of the Philippines from 1966 to 1986. ... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ...  Countries where Spanish has official status. ...

Spanish ceased to be an official language in 1973 and a college requirement in 1987 during the Aquino administration. However, the language is still spoken today by Filipino-Spanish mestizos and Spanish families, who are mainly concentrated in Metro Manila, IloIlo and Cebu. It remains a required subject in many universities, such as the University of Santo Tomás of Manila and the University of San Carlos in Cebu. Order 11th President of the Philippines (1st President of the 5th Republic) Term of Office February 25, 1986 – June 30, 1992 Vice President Salvador Laurel Predecessor Ferdinand Marcos Successor Fidel V. Ramos Born January 25, 1933 Manila, Philippines María Corazón Sumulong Cojuangco Aquino (born January 25, 1933), widely... The Royal and Pontifical University of Santo Tomas is a private Catholic university run by the Order of Preachers. ... University of San Carlos Main Campus Talamban Campus The University of San Carlos (USC) in Cebu City is the oldest university in the Philippines. ...

There are also several Spanish creole languages in the Philippines, collectively called Chavacano. A creole language, or simply a creole, is a stable language that originates seemingly as a new language, sometimes with features that are not inherited from any apparent source, without however qualifying in any appreciable way as a mixed language. ... Chavacano (as a proper noun, as a derivative of the Spanish adjective chabacano, and as it is generally accepted in literature, the broadcast media, and Zamboangueños) or Chabacano (as the Spanish adjective) is the common name for the several varieties of the Philippine Creole Spanish spoken in the Philippines. ...

They include:

• Chavacanos of Luzon:
  • Caviteño, spoken in Cavite City, Cavite.
  • Ternateño, spoken in Ternate, Cavite.
  • Ermitaño, formerly spoken in Ermita, Manila, now extinct.
• Chavacanos of Mindanao:
  • Zamboangueño, spoken in Zamboanga City (360,000 native speakers, the most spoken creole)
  • Cotabateño, spoken in Cotabato City
  • Davaoeño, spoken in Davao City

The City of Cavite is a third class city in the province of Cavite, Philippines. ... This article is about the province of Cavite. ... A 1720 depiction of Ternate. ... This article is about the province of Cavite. ... A langauge or dialect is considered dead when there are no longer any living native speakers of that language, like Latin for example. ... Ermita is a district of Manila, Philippines located halfway between Intramuros (the old walled city) and Malate. ... This article refers to the people of Zamboanga City. ... The City of Zamboanga (Spanish/Chavacano: Ciudad de Zamboanga; Cebuano: Dakbayan sa Zamboanga; Filipino: Lungsod ng Zamboanga; Bahasa Sug: Daira Sambuwangan; Sinama and Banguingui: Lahat Sambowangan) is a first class, highly urbanized city on the island of Mindanao in the Philippines. ... Cotabato City is one of the cities of the Philippines located in Mindanao. ... Nickname: Motto: In God We Trust Map of Davao Region showing the location of Davao City Coordinates: 7° 30 N, 126° E Country Region Province None Districts 1st to 3rd Districts of Davao City Barangays 184 Incorporated (town) 1848 Incorporated (city) October 16, 1936 Government  - Mayor Rodrigo Duterte (Hugpong/PDP...

English

Main article: Philippine English

Main article: Taglish

Main article: Englog

The first exposure to English occurred in 1762, when the British invaded Manila. However, use of English in that era had no lasting influence. English was declared the official language during the American colonial period by William Howard Taft, the first civilian governor of the Philippines.^{[dubious – discuss]} English remains an official language the Philippines today. Philippine English is the variety of English used in the Republic of the Philippines by the media and the vast majority of educated Filipinos. ... Taglish, a portmanteau of the words Tagalog and English, is an informal dialect of Tagalog in the Philippines that infuses English terms. ... 58. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... 1762 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... This article covers the history of the Philippines from 1898 to 1946. ... For other persons named William Howard Taft, see William Howard Taft (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Governor (disambiguation). ... An official language is a language that is given a special legal status in the countries, states, and other territories. ...

Today, English is the dominant language in business, government, the legal system, medicine, the sciences and education. Filipinos tend to want their textbooks for subjects like calculus, physics, chemistry, biology, etc., written in English rather than Filipino. By way of contrast, the native languages are often heard in colloquial settings, and in the home, with family and friends, most people use their vernaculars. The use of English may be thought to carry an air of formality, given its use in school, government and various ceremonies. A large percentage of the media such as television, newspapers, and entertainment are also in English; the major television networks are shifting to Tagalog. English proficiency sustains a significant call center industry for American companies. It is also a valuable asset for overseas workers. A call centre (Commonwealth English) or call center (AmE) is a centralized office of a company that answers incoming telephone calls from customers(often for the purposes of product support) , or that makes outgoing telephone calls to customers (telemarketing). ... Languages Filipino, Ilocano, Tagalog, Tausug, Visayan languages, other Philippine languages, English Religions Predominantly Catholic; Protestantism; Islam; Nonreligious Related ethnic groups Filipino people, Filipino American, Filipino Canadian, Filipino Australian, Filipino British, Filipino Hong Konger An Overseas Filipino is a person of Philippine origin who lives outside of the Philippines. ...

A large influx of English words has been assimilated into Tagalog and the other native languages called Taglish. There is a debate, however, on whether there is diglossia or bilingualism, or even semilingualism,^[6][7] between Filipino and English. Filipinos would use Filipino both in formal and informal situations, while, save for a very few, English will only be used for formal gatherings such as education and governance. Though the masses would prefer to speak in Filipino, government officials tend to speak in English when they do their government duties. Until now, there is still resistance in the use of Filipino in courts and the drafting of national statutes. Taglish, a portmanteau of the words Tagalog and English, is an informal dialect of Tagalog in the Philippines that infuses English terms. ...

On August 22, 2007, three Malolos City regional trial courts in Bulacan decided to use Filipino, instead of English, in order to promote the national language. Twelve stenographers from Branches 6, 80 and 81, as model courts, had undergone training at Marcelo H. del Pilar College of Law of Bulacan State University College of Law following a directive from the Supreme Court of the Philippines. De la Rama said it was the dream of Chief Justice Reynato Puno to implement the program in other areas such as Laguna, Cavite, Quezon, Nueva Ecija, Batangas, Rizal and Metro Manila.^[8] is the 234th day of the year (235th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... Malolos is a city in the province of Bulacan, Philippines. ... REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES Province of Bulacan Region: Central Luzon (Region III) Capital: Malolos City Founded: 1572 Population: 2000 census—2,234,088 (4th largest) Density—851 per km² (5th highest) Area: 2,625. ... Philippine English is the variety of English used in the Republic of the Philippines by the media and the vast majority of educated Filipinos. ... Shorthand is a writing method that can be done at speed because an abbreviated or symbolic form of language is used. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Other countries Politics Portal      The Supreme Court of the Philippines (Filipino: Kataas-taasang Hukuman ng Pilipinas) is the... Reynato Puno Reynato S. Puno (born May 17, 1940) is the current Chief Justice of the Philippines, presiding the Supreme Court of the Philippines. ... Laguna is a province of the Philippines found in the CALABARZON region in Luzon. ... This article is about the province of Cavite. ... Quezon is a province of the Philippines located in the CALABARZON region in Luzon. ... Nueva Ecija is a landlocked province of the Philippines located in the Central Luzon region. ... REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES Province of Batangas Region: CALABARZON (Region IV-A) Capital: Batangas City Founded: March 10, 1917 Population: 2000 census—1,905,348 (9th largest) Density—602 per km² (7th highest) Area: 3,165. ... REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES Province of Rizal Region: CALABARZON (Region IV-A) Capital: Antipolo City† Founded: June 11, 1901 Population: 2000 census—1,707,218 (11th largest) Density—1,304 per km² (2nd highest) Area: 1,308. ... For the capital city of the Philippines, see Manila. ...

Advocates of English say that it is the wave of the future, with science, world trade and the Internet become more important every decade. However, Philippine-language advocates respond that although the growing influence of English may be unstoppable, English is an exogenous language that is difficult for the mass of Filipinos to acquire fluently, while tens of millions are acquiring the lingua franca and using it extensively on a daily basis. English will remain a second language, as in Finland or the Netherlands, while the endogenous Austronesian languages will come to play a more important role in both speech and writing. National census results show that there are very few native speakers of English in the Philippines, a few percent from a small stratum of wealthy and highly educated families, and this is not increasing very rapidly. On the other hand, Filipino, Cebuano, and Ilocano continue to grow vigorously, as lingua francas, second languages, and as first languages as well. Exogenous (or exogeneous) (from the Greek words exo and gen, meaning outside and production) refers to an action or object coming from outside a system. ... Fluency is the property of a person or of a system that delivers information quickly and with expertise. ... Lingua franca, literally Frankish language in Italian, was originally a mixed language consisting largely of Italian plus a vocabulary drawn from Turkish, Persian, French, Greek and Arabic and used for communication throughout the Middle East. ... A second language (L2) is any language learned after the first language or mother tongue (L1). ... Look up Endogenous in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... First language (native language, mother tongue) is the language a person learns first. ... Lingua franca, literally Frankish language in Italian, was originally a mixed language consisting largely of Italian plus a vocabulary drawn from Turkish, Persian, French, Greek and Arabic and used for communication throughout the Middle East. ... A second language (L2) is any language learned after the first language or mother tongue (L1). ...

Chinese/Lan-nang

Main article: Lan-nang

The islanders have been trading with China and Japan since the early 10th or 11th century. Mandarin Chinese is the medium of instruction in Chinese schools and lingua franca of the mainland and overseas Chinese. The Lan-nang variant of the Hokkien (Min Nan) is the language of the majority the Chinese in the Philippines, who immigrated from the Fujian (pronounced locally as Fukien or Hokkien) province in China. Another Chinese language, Cantonese, is spoken among the Chinese in the Philippines who are descendants of people from Guangdong province in China. Lan-nang, or more properly known as Lan-nang-oé, is the Philippine variant of Min Nan, also known as Southern Fujianese or Hokkienese. ... This article is on all of the Northern and Southwestern Chinese dialects. ... Lan-nang, or more properly known as Lan-nang-oé, is the Philippine variant of Min Nan, also known as Southern Fujianese or Hokkienese. ... Mǐn N n (Chinese: 閩南語), also spelt as Minnan or Min-nan; native name B ; literally means Southern Min or Southern Fujian and refers to the local language/dialect of southern Fujian province, China. ...   (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Fu-chien; Postal map spelling: Fukien, Foukien; local transliteration Hokkien from Min Nan Hok-kiàn) is one of the provinces on the southeast coast of the Peoples Republic of China. ... This article is on all of the Yue dialects. ... Not to be confused with the former Kwantung Leased Territory in north-eastern China. ...

Arabic

Arabic is used by some members of the Muslim population. It is used in religious instruction in madrasahs (Muslim schools) and, more rarely, for official events among Muslim peoples. Historically, Arabic, along with Malay, was used as a lingua franca in the Malay Archipelago among Muslim traders and the Muslim Malay aristocracy throughout the Archipelago. Arabic is taught for free and promoted in some Islamic centers and used for Islamic activities. According to the 1987 Constitution, Arabic, along with Spanish, is to be promoted on a voluntary basis. There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... Ulugh Beg Madrasa, Samarkand, ca. ... World map depicting Malay Archipelago The Malay Archipelago is a vast archipelago located between mainland Southeastern Asia (Indochina) and Australia. ... Aristocrat redirects here. ...

Japanese

The Japanese first came to the Philippines in the 1200s A.D., the first country they immigrated to, as well as in waves in the 1400s, 1600s, late eighteen hundreds, 1900s, 30s, 40s. There is a small Japanese community and a school for Japanese in Metro Manila due to the number of Japanese companies. Also there is a large community of Japanese and Japanese descendants in Laguna province, Baguio city, and in the Davao region. Davao City is a home to a large population of Japanese descendants. Japanese laborers were hired by American companies like the National Fiber Company (NAFCO) in the first decades of the 20th century to work in abaca plantations. Japanese were known for their hard work and industry. During the World War II, Japanese schools were present in Davao City. For other uses, see Laguna (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Baguio (disambiguation). ... Davao refers to several places in Mindanao in the Philippines. ...

Malay

Spoken among Muslim peoples in the southern Philippines.

Old Malay and Indonesian cultures and civilizations in ancient Sumatra and Java have had a large influence on the history, lifestyles, and culture of various Philippine peoples, Old Malay has also had an immense influence on many if not most of the languages spoken in the Philippines. Roughly a third of all commonly used verbs and nouns used in the Philippines are of Old Malay origin. This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ...

When the Spanish had first arrived in the Philippines in the 16th century, Old Malay was spoken among the aristocracy. Aristocrat redirects here. ...

It is believed that Ferdinand Magellan’s Moluccan slave Enrique could converse with local leaders in Cebu island, confirming to Magellan his arrival in Southeast Asia. An example of Old Malay and Javanese languages spoken in Philippine history can be seen in the language of the Laguna Copperplate Inscription. For the Presidential railcar named Ferdinand Magellan, see Ferdinand Magellan Railcar. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Cebu is an island of the Philippines. ... Not to be confused with the Malayalam language, spoken in India. ... Javanese is a term used to describe a native of the Indonesian island of Java. ... The Laguna Copperplate inscription (also shortened to LCI) is the first written document found in a Philippine language. ...

South Asian languages

Since pre-Spanish times, there have been small Indian communities in the Philippines. Indians tend to be able to speak Tagalog and the other native languages, and are often fluent in English. Among themselves, Sindhi and Punjabi are used. Urdu is spoken among the Pakistani community. Only few South Asians, such as Pakistani, as well as the recent newcomers like the Marathi, Nepali, and Tamil retain their own native languages. Sindhī (سنڌي, सिन्धी) is the language of the Sindh region of South Asia, which is now a province of Pakistan. ... Punjabi redirects here. ... The phrase Zaban-e Urdu-e Mualla written in Urdu Urdu () is an Indo-European language of the Indo-Aryan family that developed under Persian, Turkish, Arabic, Hindi, and Sanskrit influence in South Asia during the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire (1200-1800). ...

See also

• Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino

The Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino (Commission on the Filipino Language) is the official regulating body of the Filipino language. ...

Notes

Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 277th day of the year (278th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

References

• Bellwood, Peter; Fox, James; & Tryon, Darrell (1995). The Austronesians: Historical and comparative perspectives. Department of Anthropology, Australian National University. ISBN 0-7315-2132-3. 
• Ethnologue report for Philippines. Retrieved on July 28, 2005.
• Lobel, Jason William & Wilmer Joseph S. Tria (2000). An Satuyang Tataramon: A Study of the Bikol language. Lobel & Tria Partnership Co.. ISBN 971-92226-0-3. 
• Malcolm Warren Mintz (2001). "Bikol". Facts About the World's Languages: An Encyclopedia of the World's Major Languages, Past and Present. ISBN 0824209702.
• Reid, Lawrence A. (1971). Philippine minor Languages: Word lists and phonologies. University of Hawai'i Press. ISBN 0870226916. 
• Rubino, Carl Ralph Galvez (1998). Tagalog-English English-Tagalog Dictionary. Hippocrene Books. ISBN 0-7818-0961-4. 
• Rubino, Carl Ralph Galvez (2000). Ilocano Dictionary and Grammar. University of Hawai'i Press. ISBN 0-8248-2088-6. 
• Carl Ralph Galvez Rubino. The Philippine National Proverb. Translated into various Philippine languages. Retrieved on July 28, 2005.
• Sundita, Christopher Allen (2002). In Bahasa Sug: An Introduction to Tausug. Lobel & Tria Partnership, Co.. ISBN 971-92226-6-2. 
• Christopher Sundita. Languages or Dialects?. Understanding the Native Tongues of the Philippines. Retrieved on July 28, 2005.
• Yap, Fe Aldave (1977). A Comparative Study of Philippine Lexicons. Institute of Philippine languages, Department of Education, Culture, and Sports. ISBN 971-8705-05-8. 
• R. David Zorc (1977). "The Bisayan dialects of the Philippines: Subgrouping and reconstruction". Pacific Linguistics, C (44).
• R. David Zorc (2001). "Hiligaynon". Facts About the World's Languages: An Encyclopedia of the World's Major Languages, Past and Present.

• Joseph Reylan B. Viray (2006). "Dagang Simbahan". Makata International Journal of Poetry, 7 (12).

Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• Ricardo Maria Nolasco on the diversity of languages in the Philippines
• Lawrence R. Reid webpage of Dr. Lawrence R. Reid. Professor emeritus of linguistics at the University of Hawai'i at Manoa. Has researched Philippine languages for decades.
• Carl Rubino webpage of Dr. Carl Rubino. A Filipino linguist who has studied Philippine languages.
• Literatura hispanofilipina: siglos XVII al XX by Edmundo Farolan Romero, with a pretty Philippine poetry anthology in Spanish.
• Salita Blog by Christopher Sundita. A blog about a variety of issues concerning the languages of the Philippines.
• Espaniero An Online Spanish conversation group for Pinoys
• Philippine Language Tree
• The Language Planning Situation in the Philippines, by Andrew Gonzalez, FSC
• kaibigankastil webpage of the Spanish culture in the Philippines.
• Linguistic map of the Philippines at Muturzikin.com

Further reading

• Dedaić, By Mirjana N. & Nelson, Daniel N. (2003), At War With Words, Walter de Gruyter, ISBN 3110176491, <http://books.google.com/books?id=BZ4fbMPV3k0C&pg=PA372&lpg=PA372&dq=exogenous+language&source=web&ots=OHebJEcGdq&sig=ABFPLiweIVcqvDHI61M60dcIOMY#PPP1,M1>. Retrieved on 4 October 2007
• Hamers, Josiane F. (2000), Bilinguality and Bilingualism, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0521648432, <http://books.google.com/books?id=ata9lBT5euwC&pg=PA31&lpg=PA31&dq=exogenous+language&source=web&ots=Qk9aVt_Zaq&sig=L3RfEa-oKoifCGxE7l5HNnwcetE#PPP1,M1>. Retrieved on 4 October 2007