NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Langur

The Old World monkeys or Cercopithecidae are a group of primates, falling in the superfamily Cercopithecoidea in the clade Catarrhini. From the point of view of superficial appearance, they are unlike apes in that most have tails (the family name means "tailed ape"), and unlike the New World monkeys in that their tails are never prehensile. Technically, the distinction of catarrhines from platyrrhines depends on the structure of the nose, and the distinction of Old World monkeys from apes depends on dentition. For the ecclesiastical use of this term, see primate (religion) Families 13, See classification A primate is any member of the biological order Primates, the group that contains all lemurs, monkeys, and apes, including humans. ... In biology, a superfamily is a taxonomic grade intermediate between suborder and family. ... Families Cercopithecidae Hylobatidae Hominidae Catarrhini is the unranked group of the Primates, one of the three major divisions of the suborder Haplorhini. ... Families Hylobatidae Hominidae Apes are the members of the Hominoidea superfamily of primates, including humans. ... Families Cebidae Nyctipithecidae Pitheciidae Atelidae The New World monkeys or Platyrrhines are the four families of primates that are found in Central and South America, the Cebidae, Nyctipithecidae, Pitheciidae and Atelidae. ... A prehensile tail is the tail of an animal that has been adapted for use as a fifth hand. Fully prehensile tails can be used to hold and manipulate objects, and in particular to aid arborea] creatures in finding and eating food in the trees. ... Families Cebidae Nyctipithecidae Pitheciidae Atelidae The New World monkeys or Platyrrhines are the four families of primates that are found in Central and South America, the Cebidae, Nyctipithecidae, Pitheciidae and Atelidae. ... Dentition is the development of teeth and their arrangement in the mouth. ...

Several Old World monkeys have anatomical oddities. The colobus has a stub for a thumb; the proboscis monkey has an extraordinary nose; the penis of the male mandrill is colored red and the scrotum has a lilac color, while the face also has bright coloration like the genitalia and this develops in only the dominant male of a multi-male group.

The Old World monkeys are native to Africa and Asia today, but are also known from Europe in the fossil record. They include many of the most familiar species of non-human primates.

Classification

Two subfamilies are recognised, the Cercopithecinae, which are mainly African but include the diverse genus of macaques which are Asian and North African, and the Colobinae, which includes most of the Asian genera but also the African colobus monkeys. ... Genera Allenopithecus Miopithecus Erythrocebus Chlorocebus Cercopithecus Macaca Lophocebus Papio Theropithecus Cercocebus Mandrillus The Cercopithecinae are a subfamily of the Old World monkeys, that includes in its roughly 71 species the baboons, the macaques and the vervet monkeys. ... World map showing location of Africa A satellite composite image of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest continent in both area and population, after Asia. ... See genus (mathematics) for the use of the term in mathematics. ... Species see text The macaques form the genus Macaca of Old World monkeys. ... World map showing location of Asia A satellite composite image of Asia Asia is the central and eastern part of the continent of Eurasia, defined by subtracting the European peninsula from Eurasia. ... World map showing location of Africa A satellite composite image of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest continent in both area and population, after Asia. ... Genera Colobus Piliocolobus Semnopithecus Trachypithecus Presbytis Pygathrix Rhinopithecus Nasalis Simias Colobinae are a subfamily of the Old World monkey family that includes 58 species in 9 genera, including the skunk-like black-and-white colobus, the large-nosed Proboscis Monkey, and the gray langurs, sacred to India. ...

Categories: Old World monkeys class="preview" id="pv32"> Genera Allenopithecus Miopithecus Erythrocebus Chlorocebus Cercopithecus Macaca Lophocebus Papio Theropithecus Cercocebus Mandrillus The Cercopithecinae are a subfamily of the Old World monkeys, that includes in its roughly 71 species the baboons, the macaques and the vervet monkeys. ... Binomial name Erythrocebus patas Schreber, 1775 The Patas Monkey (Erythrocebus patas) is a ground-dwelling monkey distributed over West Africa. ... Binomial name Erythrocebus patas Schreber, 1775 The Patas Monkey (Erythrocebus patas) is a ground-dwelling monkey distributed over West Africa. ... Species Chlorocebus sabaceus Chlorocebus aethiops Chlorocebus djamdjamensis Chlorocebus tantalus Chlorocebus pygerythrus Chlorocebus cynosuros The vervet monkeys or green monkeys are primates from the family of Old World monkeys. ... This article is about the monkey. ... Binomial name Cercopithecus dryas Schwarz, 1932 The Dryas Monkey (Cercopithecus dryas), also known as Salonga Monkey or Ntolu, is a little-known species of guenon found only in the Congo Basin, restricted to the left bank of the Congo River. ... Binomial name Cercopithecus diana (Linnaeus, 1758) The Diana Monkey (Cercopithecus diana) is often considered one of the most beautiful of the Old World monkeys. ... Binomial name Cercopithecus mitis Wolf, 1822 The Blue Monkey or Diademed Monkey (Cercopithecus mitis) is a species of guenon native to various parts of east, central and southern Africa, including the Congo River basin. ... Binomial name Cercopithecus erythrogaster Gray, 1866 White-throated Guenon (Cercopithecus erythrogaster), also known as Red-bellied Monkey and Red-bellied Guenon, are diurnal primates that live on trees of rainforests or tropical areas of Nigeria and Benin. ... Binomial name Cercopithecus solatus M. H. S. Harrison, 1988 Sun-tailed Monkey (Cercopithecus solatus), also known as Sun-tailed Guenon, is a primate that lives semi-terrestrially in one hilly area of moist evergreen forest in Gabon. ... Species see text The macaques form the genus Macaca of Old World monkeys. ... Binomial name Macaca sylvanus (Linnaeus, 1758) The Barbary Ape (Macaca sylvanus) is a tail-less macaque; despite its name, it is a true monkey and not an ape. ... Binomial name Macaca silenus (Linnaeus, 1758) The Lion-tailed Macaque (Macaca silenus) is an Old World monkey that lives only in southwest India. ... Binomial name Macaca maura (F. Cuvier, 1823) The Moor Macaque (Macaca maura) has brown/black body fur with a pale rump patch and pink bare skin on the rump. ... Binomial name Macaca nigra (Desmarest, 1822) The Celebes Crested Macaque (Macaca nigra), also known as the Black Ape, is an Old World monkey that lives in the northeast of the Indonesian island Sulawesi (Celebes) as well as on smaller neighboring islands. ... Binomial name Macaca fascicularis Raffles, 1821 The Crab-eating Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) is an arboreal macaque native to South-East Asia. ... Binomial name Macaca mulatta Zimmermann, 1780 The Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta), often called the Rhesus monkey, is one of the best known species of Old World monkeys. ... Binomial name Macaca fuscata Blyth, 1875 The Japanese Macaque (Macaca fuscata), also known as the Snow Monkey, is a terrestrial monkey native to northern Japan. ... Binomial name Macaca thibetana (Milne-Edwards, 1870) The Tibetan Macaque (Macaca thibetana) is found in China, Tibet and Vietnam. ... Binomial name Macaca munzala The Arunachal Macaque (Macaca munzala) is a macaque native to Arunachal Pradesh in north-eastern India. ... Species Papio hamadryas Papio papio Papio anubis Papio cynocephalus Papio ursinus The Baboon is the largest non-hominid member of the primate order. ... Binomial name Papio hamadryas (Linnaeus, 1758) The Hamadryas Baboon (Papio hamadryas) is a baboon from the Old World monkey family. ... Binomial name Papio papio (Desmarest, 1820) The Guinea Baboon (Papio papio) is a baboon from the Old World monkey family. ... Binomial name Papio anubis (Lesson, 1827) The Olive Baboon (Papio anubis), also called the Anubis Baboon, is a baboon from the Old World monkey family. ... Binomial name Papio cynocephalus (Linnaeus, 1766) The Yellow Baboon (Papio cynocephalus) is a baboon from the Old World monkey family. ... Binomial name Papio ursinus (Kerr, 1792) The Chacma Baboon (Papio ursinus) is a baboon from the Old World monkey family. ... Binomial name Theropithecus gelada (Rüppell, 1835) Gelada (Theropithecus gelada) is a species of Old World monkey, found only in the highlands of Ethiopia and Eritrea. ... Binomial name Theropithecus gelada (Rüppell, 1835) Gelada (Theropithecus gelada) is a species of Old World monkey, found only in the highlands of Ethiopia and Eritrea. ... Species Mandrillus sphinx Mandrillus leucophaeus Mandrillus is the genus of the Mandrill and its close relative the Drill. ... Binomial name Mandrillus sphinx F. Cuvier, 1807 The Mandrill (Mandrillus sphinx) is a primate of the Cercopithecidae (Old-world Monkeys) family, closely related to the baboons and even more closely to the Drill. ... Binomial name Mandrillus leucophaeus Linnaeus, 1758 The Drill (Mandrillus leucophaeus) is a primate of the Cercopithecidae (Old-world Monkeys) family, closely related to the baboons and even more closely to the Mandrill. ... Genera Colobus Piliocolobus Semnopithecus Trachypithecus Presbytis Pygathrix Rhinopithecus Nasalis Simias Colobinae are a subfamily of the Old World monkey family that includes 58 species in 9 genera, including the skunk-like black-and-white colobus, the large-nosed Proboscis Monkey, and the gray langurs, sacred to India. ... Species Colobus satanas Colobus angolensis Colobus polykomos Colobus vellerosus Colobus guereza Black-and-white colobus are the Old World monkeys which bear a striking resemblance to skunks. ... Binomial name Colobus polykomos (Zimmermann, 1780) King Colobus is a species of Old World monkeys, found in lowland and montane rain forests in a region stretching between Gambia and the Côte dIvoire within Africa. ... Binomial name Piliocolobus kirkii Gray, 1868 The Zanzibar Red Colobus is a red colobus native to Zanzibar. ... Species Semnopithecus schistaceus Semnopithecus ajax Semnopithecus hector Semnopithecus entellus Semnopithecus hypoleucos Semnopithecus dussumieri Semnopithecus priam The gray langurs are a group of Old World monkeys and make up the entirety of the genus Semnopithecus. ... Binomial name Trachypithecus vetulus (Erxleben, 1777) The Purple-faced Langur (Trachypithecus vetulus), or Purple-faced Leaf Monkey, is a species of monkey endemic to Sri Lanka. ... Families Pygathrix nemaeus Pygathrix nigripe Pygathrix cinerea The doucs or douc langurs make up the genus Pygathrix, which belongs to the subfamily Colobinae (leaf-eating monkeys). ... Binomial name Pygathrix nemaeus (Linnaeus, 1771) Red-shanked Doucs (Pygathrix nemaeus) are probably the most colourful of mammals. ... Binomial name Nasalis larvatus Wurmb, 1787 The Proboscis Monkey (Nasalis larvatus, monotypic in genus Nasalis) is a reddish-brown arboreal leaf-eating monkey, found only in the coastal areas of Borneo and the Mentawai Islands west of Sumatra, in coastal mangrove swamps and riverine forests. ... Binomial name Nasalis larvatus Wurmb, 1787 The Proboscis Monkey (Nasalis larvatus, monotypic in genus Nasalis) is a reddish-brown arboreal leaf-eating monkey, found only in the coastal areas of Borneo and the Mentawai Islands west of Sumatra, in coastal mangrove swamps and riverine forests. ...