NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Lanzarote

Lanzarote, a Spanish island, is the easternmost of the Canary Islands, in the Atlantic Ocean, approximately 125 km off the coast of Africa and 1,000 km from the Iberian Peninsula. Covering 845.9 km², it stands as the fourth largest of the islands. The first recorded name for the island, given by Angelino Dulcert, was Insula de Lanzarotus Marocelus, after the Genoese navigator Lancelotto Malocello, from which the modern name is derived. The island's name in the native Guanche language was Tite-Roy-Gatra, which may mean "the red mountains". Cover of UK paperback edition of Lanzarote Lanzarote is a novella by the French author Michel Houellebecq, published in France in 2003 from a draft written at an unspecified earlier time [1]. ^ http://books. ... A novella is a narrative work of prose fiction somewhat longer than a short story but shorter than a novel. ... Michel Houellebecq (pronounced ) (real name Michel Thomas), born 26 February 1958, on the French island of RÃ©union is a controversial, award-winning French novelist. ... Frank Wynne (born 1962) is an Irish literary translator and writer. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Lanzarote. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Anthem: ArrorrÃ³ Capital Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and Santa Cruz de Tenerife Official language(s) Spanish Area â€“ Total â€“ % of Spain Ranked 13th 7,447 kmÂ² 1. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Spain. ... Autonomous communities of Spain. ... Anthem: ArrorrÃ³ Capital Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and Santa Cruz de Tenerife Official language(s) Spanish Area â€“ Total â€“ % of Spain Ranked 13th 7,447 kmÂ² 1. ... In addition to its seventeen autonomous communities, Spain is divided into fifty provinces. ... Categories: Spain geography stubs | Canary Islands | Provinces of Spain ... Arrecife is a city in the Canary islands (Spain) situated in the east of the island of Lanzarote of which it is the capital since 1852. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1600 Ã— 1200 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1600 Ã— 1200 pixel, file size: 1. ... Anthem: ArrorrÃ³ Capital Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and Santa Cruz de Tenerife Official language(s) Spanish Area â€“ Total â€“ % of Spain Ranked 13th 7,447 kmÂ² 1. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe, and includes modern day Spain, Portugal, Andorra and Gibraltar. ... Angelino Dulcert (fl. ... Lancelotto Malocello (in Latin, Lanzarotus Marocelus; in French Lancelot Maloisel) (fl. ... Guanche is an extinct language of Spain, especially the Canary Islands. ...

Geography

Lanzarote is situated at 29°00' north, 13°40' west. It is located 11 kilometers north-east of Fuerteventura and only 1 km from Graciosa. The elongated island has an area of 845,9 km². The dimensions of the island are 60 km from north to south and 25 km from west to east. Lanzarote has 213 km of coastline, of which 10 km are sand, 16.5 km are beach, and the remainder are rocky. Its dramatic landscape includes the mountain ranges of Famara (671 m) in the north and Ajaches (608 m) to the south. South of the Famara massif is the El Jable desert which separates Famara and Montañas del Fuego. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (4000x904, 1836 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Canary Islands Lanzarote Yaiza, Las Palmas User:Peter Littmann User talk:Yummifruitbat Wikipedia:Picture of the day/October... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (4000x904, 1836 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Canary Islands Lanzarote Yaiza, Las Palmas User:Peter Littmann User talk:Yummifruitbat Wikipedia:Picture of the day/October... Hacha Grande is a mountain on the Canary Island of Lanzarote, with an elevation of 562 m (1844 ft) above sea level. ... Fuerteventura, a Spanish island, is one of the Canary Islands, in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Africa. ... There is also a Graciosa in the Azores, see Graciosa Graciosa Island or commonly La Graciosa (Spanish for graceful) is an island in the Canary Islands of Spain, located 2 km north of the island of Lanzarote with the strait named RÃo. ... To help compare different orders of magnitude and geographical regions, we list here areas between 100 kmÂ² and 1000 kmÂ². See also areas of other orders of magnitude. ...

Lanzarote's mountains include the Montañas del Fuego located in the Timanfaya National Park. The tallest mountain is Peñas del Chache elevating 670 m above sea level. The "Tunnel of Atlantis" is the largest submerged volcanic tunnel in the world. The island is under protection as a Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 686 KB) Summary View over a lava field towards the MontaÃ±as del Fuego on Lanzarote Picture taken in August 2004 by User:Stephan Schulz. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 686 KB) Summary View over a lava field towards the MontaÃ±as del Fuego on Lanzarote Picture taken in August 2004 by User:Stephan Schulz. ... Lanzarote, a Spanish island, is the easternmost of the Canary Islands, in the Atlantic Ocean ca. ... Timanfaya National Park and MontaÃ±as del Fuego, the volcanic mountain Timanfaya National Park or Parque Nacional de Timanfaya is a Spanish national park covering the municipalities of southern portion of Tinajo and the northern portion of Yaiza. ... A biosphere reserve is an international conservation designation given by UNESCO under its Programme on Man and the Biosphere (MAB). ... UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ...

Geology

Lanzarote is of volcanic origin. The island was created about 35 million years ago by the Canary hotspot. Alfred Wegener arrived in 1912 and studied the island and showed how it fitted in with his theory of continental drift. The island along with others was created after the breakup of the African and the American continental plates. The Canary hotspot is marked 18 on map The Canary hotspot is a volcanic hotspot located at the Canary Islands off the north-western coast of Africa. ... Alfred Wegeners theory of continental drift was widely ridiculed in his day Alfred Lothar Wegener (Berlin, November 1, 1880 â€“ Greenland, November 2 or 3, 1930) was a German interdisciplinary scientist and meteorologist, who became famous for his theory of continental drift (Kontinentalverschiebung or die Verschiebung der Kontinente in his... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Plates in the crust of the earth, according to the plate tectonics theory Continental drift refers to the movement of the Earths continents relative to each other. ...

Demographics

As of 2003, a total of 114,715 people lived on Lanzarote; the population has since risen to about 125,000^{[citation needed]}. The seat of the island government (Cabildo Insular) is in Arrecife, which has a population of 47,100 (2004). The flag is red and blue split diagonally from top-left to bottom-right. Lanzarote is an extremely diverse island, with the largest ethnic group being Spanish; there are also sizeable African, Chinese, South Asian and European populations (most notably British and Germans). 2003 is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar, and also: The International Year of Freshwater The European Disability Year Events January events January 1 Luíz Inácio Lula Da Silva becomes the 37th President of Brazil. ... Arrecife is a city in the Canary islands (Spain) situated in the east of the island of Lanzarote of which it is the capital since 1852. ... World map showing location of Africa A satellite composite image of Africa Africa is the worlds second_largest continent in both area and population, after Asia. ... Map of South Asia South Asia is a subregion of Asia comprising the modern states of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka, . It covers about 4,480,000 km², or 10 percent of the continent, and is also known as the Indian subcontinent. ...

The island has its own international airport, Arrecife Airport, through which some 5.5 million passengers travel every year. Tourism has been the mainstay of the island's economy for the past forty years. The only other industry is agriculture. Arrecife Airport (IATA: ACE, ICAO: GCRR) is an airport serving the Canary Isle of Lanzarote. ...

Lanzarote is part of the province of Las Palmas, and is divided into seven municipalities: Categories: Spain geography stubs | Canary Islands | Provinces of Spain ... This is a list of the municipalities in the province of Las Palmas in the autonomous community of the Canary Islands, Spain. ...

Arrecife is a city in the Canary islands (Spain) situated in the east of the island of Lanzarote of which it is the capital since 1852. ... HarÃa is a Canarian municipality in the northern portion of the island of Lanzarote in the Las Palmas province in the Canary Islands and is the northernmost in the Canary Islands as well as the easternmost. ... San BartolomÃ© (Spanish meaning Saint Bartholomew) is a village in the Canary Islands (Spain), belonging to the Province of Las Palmas. ... Teguise is a Canarian municipality in the north-central and the eastern portion of the island of Lanzarote in the Las Palmas province in the Canary Islands The population is 14,214 (ISTAC, 2003), its density is 53. ... There is also a Graciosa in the Azores, see Graciosa Graciosa Island or commonly La Graciosa (Spanish for graceful) is an island in the Canary Islands of Spain, located 2 km north of the island of Lanzarote with the strait named RÃo. ... TÃas is a Canarian municipality in the southeastern portion of the island of Lanzarote in the Las Palmas province in the Canary Islands The population is 15,636 (ISTAC, 2003), its density is 242. ... Tinajo is a Canarian municipality in the western portion of the island of Lanzarote in the Las Palmas province in the Canary Islands The population is 5,066 (ISTAC, 2003), its density is 37. ... Charco Verde near Yaiza Yaiza, Las Palmas is the gateway to the south of the island of Lanzarote and onward to Playa Blanca. ...

Climate

Lanzarote's climate ranges from mild to hot during the year. Temperatures in the summer are between 30 °C and 45 °C during the day and about 20 °C at night. Its winter daytime temperature is between 20 °C and 25 °C and the nighttime temperature is between 13 °C and 16 °C. Lanzarote is surrounded with trade winds. The water temperature at the Atlantic is at 22 °C during the summer and 17 °C during the winter months. Precipitation is between 135 and 250 mm. The heaviest is between December and January. Lanzarote is the driest island in the Canary Islands. Most of the precipitation occurs in the area around Famara Massif while the south is mainly dry. Every year sandstorms generated in the Sahara desert strike Lanzarote. During such storms the temperature can rise to over 40 °C and visibility can drop to only 100 m. The wind which brings these storms is called the Calima by the islanders. The trade winds are a pattern of wind found in bands around Earths equatorial region. ... â€œSandstormâ€ redirects here. ... Fine dust/sand blown over the Atlantic Ocean from the Morroccan Sahara Desert to the Canary Islands. ...

Flora and fauna

There are five hundred different kinds of plants on the island, of which 17 are endemic and 180 are lichen. Lichens survive in the suitable areas like the rock and introduce its own weathering. These plants have adapted to the relative scarcity of water, the same as succulents. Plants includes date palms Phoenix canariensis which are founded in damper areas of the north, Pinus canariensis, ferns, wild olive trees (Olea europaea). The laurisilva trees which once covered the highest parts of Risco de Famara are rarely found today. After the winter rainfalls, the vegetation comes to a colorful bloom between February and March. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2288x1712, 1311 KB) Vines protected from the ever-present wind in the La Geria region of Lanzarote. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2288x1712, 1311 KB) Vines protected from the ever-present wind in the La Geria region of Lanzarote. ... Lapilli are small particles of solidified lava (tephra) thrown into the air by volcanic eruptions. ... Binomial name Phoenix canariensis Chabaud The Canary Island Date Palm (Phoenix canariensis) is a medium-sized palm native to the Canary Islands off the Atlantic coast of north Africa. ... Binomial name Pinus canariensis C.Sm. ... Classes Psilotopsida Equisetopsida Marattiopsida Pteridopsida (Polypodiopsida) this dnt make sense A fern is any one of a group of about 20,000 species of plants classified in the phylum or division Pteridophyta, also known as Filicophyta. ... For the Italian political alliance see Olive Tree, and the color, olive (color). ... Laurisilva on in the National Park Garajonay on La Gomera Laurisilva on La Palma Laurisilva is a type of humid subtropical laurel forest found on several of the Macaronesian islands of the north Atlantic, namely the Azores, Madeira Islands, and the Canary Islands. ...

The fauna of Lanzarote is more monotonous than the plant life, except for bats and other types of mammals which accompanied humans to the island, including the dromedary which was used for agriculture and is now a tourist attraction. Lanzarote has thirty-five types of animal life, including birds, falcons, and reptiles. Some interesting endemic creatures are the Gallotia lizards, and the blind deep-water Remipedia crabs found in the Jameos del Agua lagoon, which was created by a volcanic eruption. Binomial name Camelus dromedarius Linnaeus, 1758 Dromedary range The Dromedary Camel (Camelus dromedarius) (often referred to simply as the Dromedary) is a large even-toed ungulate native to northern Africa, Greater Middle East area and western India, also the land of east Africa, Sudan, Ethiopia and Somalia. ... Falcons eat humans. ... Classification Genus Gallotia Gallotia atlantica Gallotia caesaris Gallotia galloti Gallotia gomerana Gallotia intermedia Gallotia simonyi Gallotia stehlini Categories: Stub | Wall lizards ... Orders Enantiopoda (extinct) Nectiopoda Remipedia is a class of blind crustaceans found in deep caves connected to salt water, in Australia and the Caribbean Sea. ...

The vineyards of La Gería, with their traditional methods of cultivation, are a protected area. Single vines are planted in pits 4-5m wide and 2-3m deep, with small stone walls around each pit. This agricultural technique is designed to harvest rainfall and overnight dew and to protect the plants from the winds. The vineyards are part of the World Heritage Site as well as other sites on the island. A common vineyard. ...

History

Lanzarote was probably the first Canary Island to be settled. The Phoenicians settled there around 1100 BC. The Greek writers and philosophers Herodotus, Plato and Plutarch described the garden of Hesperis, the land of fertility where fruits and flowers smell in the part of the Atlantic. The first known record came from Pliny the Elder in the encyclopedia Naturalis Historia on an expedition to the Canary Islands. The names of the islands (then called Insulae Fortunatae) were recorded as Canaria (Gran Canaria), Ninguaria (Tenerife), Junonia Mayor (La Palma) and Capraria (El Hierro). Lanzarote and Fuerteventura were only mentioned as an archipelago. Phoenicia (or Phenicia ,[1] from Biblical Phenice [1]) was an ancient civilization centered in the north of ancient Canaan, with its heartland along the coast of modern day Lebanon and Syria. ... (Redirected from 1100 BC) Centuries: 13th century BC - 12th century BC - 11th century BC Decades: 1150s BC 1140s BC 1130s BC 1120s BC 1110s BC - 1100s BC - 1090s BC 1080s BC 1070s BC 1060s BC 1050s BC Events and Trends 1100 BC - Tiglath-Pileser I of Assyria conquers the Hittites... Herodotus of Halicarnassus (Greek: HÄ“rodotos HalikarnÄsseus) was a Greek historian from Ionia who lived in the 5th century BC (ca. ... PLATO was one of the first generalized Computer assisted instruction systems, originally built by the University of Illinois (U of I) and later taken over by Control Data Corporation (CDC), who provided the machines it ran on. ... Mestrius Plutarchus (Greek: Î Î»Î¿ÏÏ„Î±ÏÏ‡Î¿Ï‚; 46 - 127), better known in English as Plutarch, was a Greek historian, biographer, essayist, and Middle Platonist. ... Pliny the Elder: an imaginative 19th Century portrait. ... Naturalis Historia Pliny the Elders Natural History is an encyclopedia written by Pliny the Elder. ... Gran Canaria, rarely Grand Canary (archaic), is the third largest island of the Canary Islands, an archipelago located in the Atlantic Ocean 210 km from the northwest coast of Africa and belonging to Spain. ... Flag of Tenerife Tenerife in the Canary Islands chain. ... Satellite image of La Palma, with the Caldera de Taburiente visible (north is to the lower right). ... Hierro redirects here. ...

After the fall of the Roman Empire, the Canary islands became abandoned until 999 AD when the Arabs arrived at the island and was known as al-Djezir al-Khalida and other names. In 1336, a ship arrived from Lisbon under the guidance of Lanzarote da Framqua, alias Lancelotto Malocello. A fort was later built in the area of Montaña de Guanapay near today's Teguise. Jean de Béthencourt arrived in 1402 on a private expedition to the Canary Islands and brought slavery to the island as well as raw materials. Bethencourt first visited the south of Lanzarote at Playas de Papagayo. In 1404, the Spaniards with the support of the King of Spain came and fought against a rebellion among the local Guanches. The islands of Fuerteventura and El Hierro were later conquered. In the 17th century, pirates raided the island and took 1,000 inhabitants to slavery in Cueva de los Verdes. The Roman Empire is not the Holy Roman Empire (843-1806). ... Events Silesia is incorporated into territory ruled by Boleslaus I of Poland Pope Silvester II succeeds Pope Gregory V Sigmundur Brestisson introduces christianity in the Faroe Islands Deaths December 16 - Saint Adelaide of Italy (b. ... Events End of the Kemmu restoration and beginning of the Muromachi period in Japan. ... For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation). ... Lancelotto Malocello (in Latin, Lanzarotus Marocelus; in French Lancelot Maloisel) (fl. ... One of ships departing for the 1402 norman expedition (from Le Canarien). Jean de BÃ©thencourt (c. ... Events September 14 - Battle of Homildon Hill. ... Events June 14 - Owain Glyndwr of Wales allies with the French against the English and the Henry of Lancaster. ... Guanches (also: Guanchis or Guanchos) were the first known inhabitants of the Canary Islands. ... Hierro redirects here. ... Concert hall in Jameos Grande Cueva de los Verdes (in Spanish it means Greens cave, because in the past its owners were the Verdes family) is a lava tube located in the island of Lanzarote in the Canary Islands. ...

From 1730 to 1736 (for 2,053 days), the island was hit by a series of volcanic eruptions, creating 32 new volcanoes in a stretch of 18 km. The minister of Yaiza Don Andrés Lorenzo Curbelo documented the eruption in detail until 1731. Lava covered a quarter of the island's surface, including the most fertile soil and eleven villages. One hundred smaller volcanoes were located in the area called Montañas del Fuego. In 1768, drought affected the island and winter rains did not fall. Much of the population was forced to emigrate to Cuba and the Americas. Another volcanic eruption occurred within the range of Tiagua in 1824 which was not as bad as the major eruption between 1730 and 1736. 1768 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1824 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...

In 1927, Lanzarote as well as Fuerteventura became part of the province of Las Palmas. Year 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Las Palmas de Gran Canaria is a Spanish city, the capital city of Gran Canaria one of the Canary Islands, in the Atlantic Ocean, 210 kilometers located off the northwestern coast of Africa. ...

Notables

Among the notables who have lived on the island are César Manrique, an artist; José Saramago, a Portuguese Nobel Prize for Literature winner, and Princess Alexia of Greece and Denmark and her husband, Carlos Morales Quintana. CÃ©sar Manrique (April 24, 1919 in Arrecife - September 25, 1992 in FundaciÃ³n, part of Teguise) was an artist and an architect. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... The Nobel Prize in literature is awarded annually to an author from any country who has produced the most outstanding work of an idealistic tendency. The work in this case generally refers to an authors work as a whole, not to any individual work, though individual works are sometimes... Princess Alexia of Greece and Denmark, born 10 July 1965, is the elder daughter and eldest child of King Constantine II of the Hellenes and his wife Queen Anna-Marie (nÃ©e Princess Anne-Marie Dagmar Ingrid of Denmark who is the youngest daughter of King Frederick IX of Denmark... Carlos Morales Quintana (born December 31, 1970) is a Spanish architect and champion yatchsman. ...

Contents

Geography

Geology

Demographics

Climate

Flora and fauna

History

Notables

See also

References

External links

Contents

Geography var ACE_AR = {Site: '756743', Size: '300250'};

Geology

Demographics

Climate

Flora and fauna

History

Notables

See also

References

External links

Geography