Last.fm is a UK-based internet radio and music community website, founded in 2002. It is the world's largest social music platform with over 20 million active users based in more than 232 countries. On 30 May 2007, CBS Interactive acquired Last.fm for £140m (US$280m), making Last.fm the largest European Web 2.0 purchase to date. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1011x990, 251 KB) This is a screenshot of a copyrighted web page, and the copyright for it is most likely owned by owner of the website. ... “URL” redirects here. ... The term multilingualism can refer to rather different phenomena. ... CBS Interactive is the division of the CBS Corporation which has responsibility for programming and ad sales for CBS.com, CBS SportsLine. ... Online means being connected to the Internet or another similar electronic network, like a bulletin board system. ... Internet radio (aka e-Radio) is an audio broadcasting service transmitted via the Internet. ... For other uses, see Music (disambiguation). ... A virtual community or online community is a group of people that primarily or initially communicates or interacts via the Internet. ... is the 150th day of the year (151st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... CBS Interactive is the division of the CBS Corporation which has responsibility for programming and ad sales for CBS.com, CBS SportsLine. ... The symbol £ represents the pound currency which Britain uses. ... The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ... Web 2. ...

Using a unique music recommendation system known as "Audioscrobbler", Last.fm builds a detailed profile of each user's musical taste by recording details of all the songs the user listens to, either on the streamed radio stations or on the user's computer or portable music device. This information is transferred to Last.fm's database ("Scrobbled") via a plugin installed into the user's music player. The profile data is displayed on a personal web page. The site offers numerous social networking features and can recommend and play artists similar to the user's favourites. Recommendation systems are programs which attempt to predict items (movies, music, books, news, web pages) that a user may be interested in, given some information about the users profile. ... For other uses, see Plug in. ... An audio player is a kind of media player for playing back digital audio, including optical discs such as CDs, SACDs, DVD-Audio, HDCD, and audio files. ...

Users can create custom radio stations and playlists from any of the audio tracks in Last.fm's music library, but are not able to listen to individual tracks on demand, or to download tracks unless the rightsholder has previously authorised it. Registration is required to acquire a profile but is not necessary to view any part of the site or to listen to radio stations.

History

The current Last.fm website was developed from two separate sources: Audioscrobbler and Last.fm, which were merged in 2005.

Audioscrobbler began as a computer science project by Richard Jones while he attended the University of Southampton School of Electronics and Computer Science in the United Kingdom. Jones developed the first plugins, and then opened an API to the community, after which many music players on different operating system platforms were supported. Audioscrobbler was limited to recording music its users played on a registered computer, which allowed for charting and collaborative filtering. Computer science, or computing science, is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and their implementation and application in computer systems. ... The University of Southampton is a university situated in the city of Southampton, on the south coast of England. ... API and Api redirect here. ... An operating system (OS) is the software that manages the sharing of the resources of a computer and provides programmers with an interface used to access those resources. ...

Last.fm was founded in 2002 by Felix Miller, Martin Stiksel, Michael Breidenbruecker and Thomas Willomitzer, all from Austria and Germany, as an internet radio station and music community site, using similar music profiles to generate dynamic playlists. The 'love' and 'ban' buttons allowed users to gradually customise their profiles. Last.fm won the Europrix 2002 and was nominated for the Prix Ars Electronica in 2003.^[1] The EUROPRIX Multimedia Award was started by the Austrian presidency in 1998 as a EU member states initiative, supported by the European Commission DG Enterprise and Information Society, governments of other countries in the European Union and private industry. ... The Prix Ars Electronica is a yearly prize in the field of electronic and interactive art, computer animation, digital culture and music. ...

The Audioscrobbler and Last.fm teams began to work closely together, both teams moving into the same offices in Whitechapel, London, and by 2003 Last.fm was fully integrated with Audioscrobbler profiles. Input could come through an Audioscrobbler plugin or a Last.fm station. The sites also shared many community forums, although a few were unique to each site. Whitechapel is a place in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, United Kingdom. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...

On 9 August 2005, the old Audioscrobbler site at the audioscrobbler.com domain name was wholly merged into the new Last.fm site. On 5 September 2005, audioscrobbler.net was launched as a separate development-oriented site. is the 221st day of the year (222nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The term domain name has multiple related meanings: A name that identifies a computer or computers on the internet. ... is the 248th day of the year (249th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

On 14 July 2006, an update to the site was made. This update included a new software application for playing Last.fm radio streams and for logging of tracks played with other media players. Other changes included: improvement of the friends system and updating it to require a two-way friendship; the addition of the Last.fm "Dashboard", where users can see on one page relevant information for their profile; expanded options for purchasing music from online retailers; and a new visual design for the web site (including an optional black color scheme). is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Within the community reactions to the new visual design were mixed. Opinions were also divided between those who welcomed the introduction of more social features and those who argued that technical issues (such as an incompatibility with Internet Explorer 7 and other known bugs) should have priority. With over 10 million tracks "scrobbled" each day, the popularity of the site at peak times often causes the databases to overload, with consequent delays in updating personal charts and other data. Windows Internet Explorer 7 is a web browser released by Microsoft in late 2006 for Windows Vista and XP SP2. ...

On 15 July 2006, a Japanese version of the site was launched. Currently, the site is available in various other languages, including German, Spanish, French, Italian, Japanese, Polish, Portuguese, Swedish, Russian, Turkish, Korean and Simplified Chinese. is the 196th day of the year (197th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

As of December 2006, Last.fm teamed up with EMI on Tuneglue-Audiomap.^[2] For other uses, see EMI (disambiguation). ...

In October 2006, the site won Best Community Music Site at the BT Digital Music Awards, and in January 2007 it was nominated for Best Website in the NME Awards. BT may stand for: Baal teshuvah, a Jew who became Orthodox (female version: Baalat teshuvah) BT tank, any of a series of Soviet military tanks Bacillus thuringiensis, a bacterium which forms Bt toxins Banjo-Tooie, a video game for the Nintendo 64 Baronet, a title in the British honours... The NME Awards are an annual music awards show, founded by the music magazine NME (New Musical Express). ...

At the end of April 2007, rumours of negotiations between Viacom and Last.fm emerged, suggesting that Viacom intended to purchase Last.fm for about £225 million.^[3] Viacom (NYSE: VIA) (NYSE: VIAb) is an American media conglomerate with various worldwide interests in cable and satellite television networks (MTV Networks and BET), and movie production and distribution (the Paramount Pictures and DreamWorks movie studios). ...

In May 2007 it was announced that Channel 4 Radio is to broadcast a weekly show called Worldwide Chart that reflects what Last.fm users around the world are listening to. There are also plans to add a video section, enabling users to create their own personalised video channels. Channel 4 Radio is a radio brand launched by Channel 4 in January 2007[1], a wholly state owned public corporation in public broadcasting and film production in the UK funded commercially. ...

On 30th May 2007 it was announced that Last.fm has been bought by CBS for £140 million with Last.fm's current management team staying in place.^[4] May 30 is the 150th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (151st in leap years). ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... This article is about the broadcast network. ...

Funding and staff

Last.fm Ltd is funded from the sale of online advertising space, monthly user subscriptions and donations. In 2004 the company received the first round of angel money, from Peter Gardner, an investment banker who was introduced to the founders as early as 2002. A second round was led by Stefan Glaenzer (joined by Joi Ito and Reid Hoffman), who bought into Michael Breidenbrueckers shares as well. In 2006 the company received the first round of venture capital funding from European investors Index Ventures, whose General Partners Neil Rimer and Danny Rimer also joined Last.fm's board of directors, consisting of Felix Miller, Martin Stiksel and Stefan Glaenzer (Chair).^[5] Online advertising is a form of advertising utilizing the Internet and World Wide Web in order to deliver marketing messages and attract customers. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Angel investor. ... Joi Ito at the Ars Electronica Joichi Ito (伊藤穰 Itō Jōichi, born June 19, 1966), more commonly known as Joi Ito, is a Japanese-born, American-educated, activist, entrepreneur, and venture capitalist. ... Reid Hoffman (born August 5, 1967) is a American entrepreneur and angel investor. ... Venture capital is a general term to describe financing for startup and early stage businesses as well as businesses in turn around situations. ... Chairman of the Board redirects here. ...

There are currently 60 staff members, all of whom are currently based in East London, except for Edouard Brière, who lives in Sweden. East London (Afrikaans: Oos-Londen, Xhosa: Imonti) is a city in southeast South Africa, situated in the Eastern Cape Province at 32. ...

Features

User accounts

The free User account includes access to all the main features listed below. Registered Users are also able to post in the Last.fm forums, send and receive private messages and use the Last.fm client music player.

• Profile: A Last.fm User can build up a musical profile using any or all of several methods: by listening to their personal music collection on a music player application on a computer or an iPod with an Audioscrobbler plugin, or by listening to the Last.fm internet radio service, either with the Last.fm client, or with the embedded flash player. All songs played are added to a log from which personal top artist/track bar charts and musical recommendations are calculated. They call this automatic track logging scrobbling.

Last.fm automatically generates a profile page for every user which includes basic information such as their user name, avatar, date of registration and total number of tracks played. This can be customised with additional information or photographs if desired but the overall layout cannot be changed. There is also a Shoutbox for instant messages. Profile pages are visible to all, together with a list of top artists and tracks, and the 10 most recently played tracks. Each Users' profile has a 'Taste-o-Meter' which gives a rating of how compatible your music taste is.

Profile pages can also include lists of friends, weekly musical "neighbours", favourite tags, groups and events. An optional customisable playlist may be also added, with tracks that the user wishes to share or promote. Other features include the ability to remove songs listened to within a 2 week timeframe, navigation to linked profiles (such as friends and musical neighbors) and a list of individual users' favorite albums.

A customisable display of Recently Played tracks, is now available via web services, allowing users to add them to blogs, MySpace or as forum signatures.

• Recommendations: The most recent expanded service on Last.fm is a revamped personal recommendations page known as "The Dashboard". This is only visible to the user concerned and lists suggested new music, events, journal entries and other people with similar tastes, all tailored to the user's own preferences.

Recommendations are calculated using a collaborative filtering algorithm so users can browse and hear previews of a list of artists not listed on their own profile but which appear on those of others with similar musical tastes. The page also lists music that has been directly recommended to the user and groups the user belongs to, journals written by users about artists the user listens to, and other users who have listened to similar music recently. There is also a 'recommendation radio' station which will play music specifically filtered based on the user's last week of listening. Last.fm also permits users to manually recommend specific artists, songs or albums to other users on their friends list or groups they belong to, providing the recommendation in question is included in the Last.fm database.

• Groups: Perhaps the most-used community feature within Last.fm is the formation of user groups between users with something in common (for example, fans of an artist, a genre of music, or membership of another internet forum). Groups may be linked to artists and countries. Any user may start a group and add members. Most groups are open to all, but membership may be subject to approval by the Group Leader. Last.fm will generate a group profile similar to the users' profiles, showing an amalgamated set of data and charting the group's overall tastes. Individual groups have their own discussion forums and journal space, and a group radio station based on members music profiles is automatically generated once a sufficient number of members have joined. Group members are also able to submit recommendations of artists or tracks to all the other members of their group.

• Events : With the October 2006 update, 'events'-functionality was added, which lets users specify a location and a radius from the location, then suggests gigs or festivals that that user may want to see in the area. Users can set themselves as attending an event.

Any registered user may add a new venue or event which will then be listed on the band or artist's main page, together with other details if available. There is also a facility to submit reviews and photographs of past events.

Internet radio (aka e-Radio) is an audio broadcasting service transmitted via the Internet. ... Data logging is the practice of recording sequential data, often chronologically. ... A bar chart is a chart with rectangular bars of lengths usually proportional to the magnitudes or frequencies of what they represent. ... A calculation is a deliberate process for transforming one or more inputs into one or more results. ... A shoutbox, saybox, tagboard, or chatterbox is a chat-like feature of some websites that allows people to quickly leave messages on the website, generally without any form of user registration. ... A web service is a collection of protocols and standards used for exchanging data between applications. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... MySpace is a social networking website offering an interactive, user-submitted network of friends, personal profiles, blogs, groups, photos, music, and videos. ... A typical Internet forum discussion, with common elements such as quotes and spoiler brackets A page from a forum showcasing emoticons and Internet slang An Internet forum is a web application for holding discussions and posting user generated content. ... Collaborative filtering (CF) is the method of making automatic predictions (filtering) about the interests of a user by collecting taste information from many users (collaborating). ... In mathematics, computing, linguistics, and related disciplines, an algorithm is a finite list of well-defined instructions for accomplishing some task that, given an initial state, will terminate in a defined end-state. ... A virtual community, e-community or online community is a group of people that primarily interact via communication media such as letters, telephone, email or Usenet rather than face to face. ... A typical Internet forum discussion, with common elements such as quotes and spoiler brackets A page from a forum showcasing emoticons and Internet slang An Internet forum is a web application for holding discussions and posting user generated content. ...

Subscriber accounts

Last.fm offers paid accounts, costing £1.50, €2.50, $3 or ¥350 per month. Some of the extra features that paid users receive are: “GBP” redirects here. ... For other uses, see Euro (disambiguation). ... USD redirects here. ... ISO 4217 Code JPY User(s) Japan Inflation -0. ...

• No advertisements
• More radio options (custom radio stations for a user and loved tracks radio)
• The ability to view recent visitors to one's own profile page
• Beta testing at beta.last.fm
• User icon changes colour from grey to blue, and states "Subscriber"

Artist pages

Once an artist has had a track or tracks "scrobbled" by at least one User, Last.fm automatically generates a main artist page, even if there is no music available for streaming on the radio. This page shows details of the total number of plays, the total number of listeners, the most popular weekly and overall tracks, the top weekly listeners, linked groups and journals, a list of similar artists, most popular tags and a shoutbox for messages. There are also links to events, additional album and individual track pages and similar artists radio. If the artist has music available for streaming or download an embedded flash player is also included with samples of the most popular tracks.

Users may add relevant biographical details and other information to any artist's main page in the form of a Wiki. Edits are regularly moderated to prevent vandalism. A photograph of the artist may also be added. If more than one is submitted, the most popular is chosen by public vote. User submitted content is licensed for use under the GNU Free Documentation License. “GFDL” redirects here. ...

At present there is no way of differentiating between bands or artists with the same name and all data is aggregated, often causing serious anomalies when the artists concerned are from completely different genres.

Music catalogue

Last.fm's music library contains hundreds of thousands of individual audio tracks and past and present albums from artists on all the major commercial labels. Users are not allowed to upload copyrighted audio files but commercially available albums are regularly added by Last.fm staff. Most currently popular and other well known artists have tracks available for streaming, although there are significant gaps in coverage and the most recent releases are not always added immediately. The music catalogue includes a wide variety of genres including classical, opera and musicals, as well as many little known and specialist recordings which are no longer generally available.

In February 2007 Warner Music, the world's fourth-largest music company, announced that it had signed a deal to allow its entire catalogue to be played on Last.fm.^[6] Warner's music will shortly be made available over Last.fm's service in Europe and North America. The site's co-founder, Martin Stiksel, said they were also in talks with the other three major labels and content holders. Warner Music Group is one of the Big Four record labels. ...

On 9 July 2007, it was announced that Last.fm has also signed a deal with the Sony BMG record label. The partnership will give the service's users access to the entire Sony catalogue of music. Bertelsmann is a transnational media corporation founded in 1835, based in G tersloh, Germany. ...

Independent artists and record labels

Independent record labels and unsigned artists are encouraged to promote their music on Last.fm, because the filtering and recommendation features mean that the music will be played for users who already like similar artists. Labels and artists can upload their own music for streaming and Last.fm provides access to weekly airplay statistics, with facilities for promoting individual artists or tracks. Labels and artists may choose whether their music is to be made available for streaming only, or for purchase or free download.

Previews and free downloads

30-second previews of any of the streamable tracks are available on demand, from anywhere in the site, by clicking on the blue arrow next to the name of the track or artist. Some tracks are also available to preview in full if the label or artist has specifically authorized it; these are indicated by gold arrows. (All tracks are played in full when users listen to appropriate stations).

In October 2006, Last.fm brought back its free download service which allowed users to download select tracks as specified by the artist or the label. The service only includes tracks on "indie" labels or by bands who upload their own material, although some artists who have since moved onto a major label such as Coheed and Cambria and My Chemical Romance have kept their free songs available for download. More than 100,000 songs are currently downloadable, ^[7] and there is a separate free download chart, updated weekly, showing the 200 most popular tracks. Coheed and Cambria is a progressive rock[6][7] band from Nyack, New York and Kingston, New York. ... My Chemical Romance are an American rock band formed in 2001. ...

Tags

With the August 2005 relaunch, Last.fm supports user-end tagging or labeling of artists, albums, and tracks to create a site-wide folksonomy of music. Users can browse via tags, but the most important benefit is tag radio, permitting users to play music that has been tagged a certain way. This tagging can be by genre ("garage rock"), mood ("chill"), artist characteristic ("baritone"), or any other form of user-defined classification ("seen live"). However, since the tagging is not moderated, it is prone to manipulation by the site's users, most often resulting in genre disagreements among users or pushing certain artists higher up certain tags (the most well known example of this is boosting Paris Hilton to the top of the "brutal death metal" tag). For a proposal for tagging in Wikipedia, see Wikipedia:WikiProject Microformats#MediaWiki issues A tag cloud with terms related to Web 2. ... A folksonomy is a user-generated taxonomy used to categorize and retrieve web content such as Web pages, photographs and Web links, using open-ended labels called tags. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Paris Whitney Hilton (born February 17, 1981) is an American celebrity and socialite. ...

Subscribers are also able to create personal tag radio stations containing only tracks and artists that they have tagged themselves. All tag radio stations (including subscriber's personal tag stations) can be played by anybody, including non-subscribers.

Charts

One of the most popular features of Last.fm is the automatic weekly generation and archiving of detailed personal music charts and statistics which are created as part of its profile building. Users have several different charts available, including Top Artists, Top Tracks, and Top Albums, as well as Weekly Top Artists and Weekly Top Tracks. Each of these charts is based on the actual number of people listening to the track, album or artist recorded either through an Audioscrobbler plugin or the Last.fm radio stream.

Additionally, charts are available for the top tracks by each artist in the Last.fm system as well as the top tracks for individual albums (when the MP3 tagging information is available). Artist profiles also keep track of a short list of Top Fans, which is calculated by a formula meant to portray the importance of an artist in a fan's own profile, balancing out users who play hundreds of tracks overall versus those who play only a few.

As the information generated is largely compiled from the ID3 data from audio files "scrobbled" from user's own computers, and which may be incorrect or misspelled, there are many errors in the listings. Tracks with ambiguous punctuation are especially prone to separate listings, which can dilute the apparent popularity of a track. Artists or bands with the same name are not always differentiated. The system does attempt to translate some different artist tags to a single artist profile, but does not attempt to harmonise track names. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Charts are also available for user groups, thus providing a view into a demographic slice, and can reveal interesting new music based on the preferences of similar users.

The Last.fm artist charts currently do not take track length into consideration. For example, an album with 22 short tracks will boost that artist's popularity for a particular user's rankings much more than an album with only 5 long tracks, even though the user spent the same amount of time listening to each. The impact of this problem is limited to personal charts. All other charts are calculated using reach, that is, the number of users who play a certain artist or track, rather than the total number of plays. This is also a defense against users who in the early days of Audioscrobbler submitted spam data in order to boost the rankings of a particular artist or song or their own ranking as a fan. This article is about electronic spam. ...

Global charts

Global Track Chart showing the top 10 tracks for the week ending September 3, 2006

Last.fm generates weekly "global" charts of the top 400 artists and tracks listened to by all Last.fm users. To prevent the artificial boosting of an artist or song by deliberately repeated tracks from a single listener, these charts are based on the total number of individual listeners (the reach) and not the number of actual plays. Image File history File links Lastfmcharts_globaltrackcharts_september2006_2006-09-03. ... Image File history File links Lastfmcharts_globaltrackcharts_september2006_2006-09-03. ... is the 246th day of the year (247th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The result is notably different from traditional commercial music charts provided by the UK Top 40, Billboard magazine, Soundscan and others, which are based on radio plays or sales. Last.fm charts are less volatile and a new album's release may be reflected in play data for many months or years after it drops out of commercial charts. For example, The Beatles have consistently been a top 5 band at Last.fm, reflecting the continued popularity of the band's music irrespective of current album sales. In addition the Last.fm charts are much more rock, indie and alternative influenced and less pop-influenced than regular charts.^{[citation needed]} Music charts are a method of ranking music according to popularity during a given period of time. ... The UK Singles Chart is compiled by the Official UK Charts Company on behalf of the music industry. ... Billboard is a weekly American magazine devoted to the music industry. ... Nielsen SoundScan is an information system created by Nielsen Media Research that tracks sales data for singles, albums, and music video products in Canada and the United States for Billboard and other music industry companies. ... The White Album, see The Beatles (album). ... Indie rock is a subgenre of rock music often used to refer to bands that are on small independent record labels or that arent on labels at all. ... The term alternative rock or alternative music1 was coined in the early 1980s to describe bands which didnt fit into the mainstream genres of the time. ... For other uses, see Pop music (disambiguation). ...

The main reason behind the differences is that the charts reflect the musical taste of the particular demographic of the service's users, not that of the general public. Last.fm users generally have an Internet connection, may be more computer-literate than average, and may have wide collections of music from which to choose, due to the ability to download MP3 files from the internet.

Global Track Chart for the week ending October 14th 2007

The Global Tag Chart shows the 100 most popular tags that have been used to describe artists, albums, and tracks. This is based on the total number of times the tag has been applied by last.fm users since the tagging system was first introduced and does not necessarily reflect the number of users currently listening to any of the related "global tag radio" stations. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...

For the week ending October 14th 2007, Radiohead broke the last.fm record for both weekly plays and weekly listeners following the release of In Rainbows. Track 15 Step set records for weekly plays and listeners and the ten tracks from In Rainbows made up the weekly top 10, with the lowest charting In Rainbows song having almost three times the number of listeners of the next highest placed track (Stronger by Kanye West, which had itself set a record for number of listeners a few weeks previously). The Radiohead album held the top 10 spots for the four weeks after its release. Radiohead are an English rock band. ... In Rainbows is the seventh studio album by the English rock band Radiohead. ... 15 Step is a song written by British group Radiohead, appearing on their album In Rainbows. ... Stronger is the second single from Kanye Wests album Graduation. ... Kanye Omari West (pronounced /kɑnjɛj/) (born June 8, 1977) is an American record producer and rapper who rose to fame in the mid 2000s. ...

Last.fm radio

Last.fm offers customised "radio stations" consisting of uninterrupted audio streams of individual tracks selected from the music files in the music library.

Stations can be based on the user's personal profile, the user's "musical neighbours", or the tracks that the user has marked as loved when listening to any station. Groups based around common interests or geography also have radio stations if there are enough members, and tags also have radio stations if enough music has the same tag. Radio stations can also be created on the fly, and each artist page allows selection of a "similar artists" or "artist fan" radio station. (As of December 2006, it is no longer possible to create a "multiple artist" station i.e. a station based on music similar to that of more than than one artist. Last.fm have cited copyright restrictions as the reason for this change [5].)

Under the terms of the station's radio licence, listeners may not select specific tracks (except as previews), or choose the order in which they are played, although any of the tracks played may be skipped or banned completely. The appropriate royalties are paid to the copyright holders of all streamed audio tracks according to the law in the UK.

The radio stream uses an MP3 stream encoded at 128 kbit/s 44.1 kHz, which may be played using the in-page flash player or the downloaded Last.fm client, but other community-supported players are available as well as a proxy which allows using a media player of choice. For other uses, see MP3 (disambiguation). ... Adobe Flash, or simply Flash, refers to both the Adobe Flash Player, and to the Adobe Flash Professional multimedia authoring program. ...

As part of a recent programme of improvements in February 2007, registered users are also able to export the Last.fm flash player to embed into blogs, personal websites, Facebook or MySpace pages. [6] February 2007 is the second month of the year. ... Facebook headquarters in Palo Alto, CA Facebook is a social networking website that allows people to communicate with their friends and exchange information. ... MySpace is a social networking website offering an interactive, user-submitted network of friends, personal profiles, blogs, groups, photos, music, and videos. ...

Last.fm Player

An "in-page" Flash player is now provided automatically for all listeners, it is no longer necessary to download additional software in order to listen to any of the music available from the Last.fm music library. It is necessary, however, to download the Last.fm Client if a user also wishes information about played tracks from their own digital music collection to be included in their personal music profile. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (876x661, 188 KB) Summary Screenshot of the Last. ... “Windows” redirects here. ... Thomas Earl Tom Petty (born October 20, 1950) is a singer and guitarist. ... “Software development” redirects here. ... Code complete redirects here. ... An operating system (OS) is the software that manages the sharing of the resources of a computer and provides programmers with an interface used to access those resources. ... “Windows” redirects here. ... Mac OS X (IPA: ) is a line of graphical operating systems developed, marketed, and sold by Apple Inc. ... This article is about operating systems that use the Linux kernel. ... Filiation of Unix and Unix-like systems Unix (officially trademarked as UNIX®, sometimes also written as or ® with small caps) is a computer operating system originally developed in 1969 by a group of AT&T employees at Bell Labs including Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie and Douglas McIlroy. ... Computer software can be organized into categories based on common function, type, or field of use. ... This article is about media players in general. ... A software license is a legal agreement which may take the form of a proprietary or gratuitous license as well as a memorandum of contract between a producer and a user of computer software. ... The GNU logo The GNU General Public License (GNU GPL or simply GPL) is a widely-used free software license, originally written by Richard Stallman for the GNU project. ... A website (alternatively, Web site or web site) is a collection of Web pages, images, videos or other digital assets that is hosted on one or several Web server(s), usually accessible via the Internet, cell phone or a LAN. A Web page is a document, typically written in HTML... Adobe Flash, or simply Flash, refers to both the Adobe Flash Player, and to the Adobe Flash Professional multimedia authoring program. ...

Prior to August 2005, Last.fm generated an open stream that could be played in the user's music player of choice, with a browser-based player control panel. This proved difficult to support and has been officially discontinued. The Last.fm client is currently the only officially supported music player for playing customised Last.fm radio streams. The current version combines the functions of the music player with the plugin that transmits all track data to the Last.fm server, and effectively replaces the separate Last.fm Player and the standalone track submission plugins. It is also free software licensed under the GNU General Public License and available for GNU/Linux, Mac OS X and Microsoft Windows operating systems. Streaming media is multimedia that is continuously received by, and normally displayed to, the end-user while it is being delivered by the provider. ... Clockwise from top: The logo of the GNU Project, the Linux kernel mascot Tux, and the BSD Daemon Free software is software that can be used, studied, and modified without restriction, and which can be copied and redistributed in modified or unmodified form either without restriction, or with restrictions only... The GNU logo The GNU General Public License (GNU GPL or simply GPL) is a widely-used free software license, originally written by Richard Stallman for the GNU project. ... This article is about operating systems that use the Linux kernel. ... Mac OS X (IPA: ) is a line of graphical operating systems developed, marketed, and sold by Apple Inc. ... “Windows” redirects here. ...

The player allows the user to enter the name of any artist or tag which then gives a choice of a number of similar artist stations, or similar global tag stations. Alternatively, Recommendation radio or any of the user's personal radio stations may be played without the necessity to visit the website.

The player displays the name of the station and track currently playing, the song artist, title and track length as well as album details, the artist's photo and biographical details, album cover art when available, lists of similar artists and the most popular tags and top fans. There are several buttons, allowing the user to love, skip, or ban a song. The love button adds the song to the user's loved tracks playlist; the ban button ensures that the song will not be played again. Both features affect the user's profile. The skip button does not. Other buttons allow the user to tag or recommend the currently playing track. Other features offered by the application are: minor editing of the user's profile including removing recently played artists and songs from the loved, banned, or previously played track lists; lists of friends and neighbours, lists of tags and a list of previously played radio stations. Users can also open their full Last.fm profile page directly from the player.

The client also enables the user to install player plugins, these integrate with various standalone media players to allow the submission of tracks played in those programs.^[9] This article is about media players in general. ...

In a former release of the Last.fm Player application, the user could select to use an external player. When this was done, the Last.fm Player provided the user with a local URL, through which the Last.fm music stream was proxied. Users could then open the URL in their preferred media player. The newer player has no such functionality.

Other players

• LastFMProxy: a Python script written by Vidar Madsen, allows users to use their own music player again, by connecting to Last.fm and relaying its stream to the user's player of choice.
• Online Last.fm Player: an open source PHP application made for listening to Last.fm radio streams on a webpage. It allows users who can't run or install any applications on their PC to listen to radio streams.
• lastfmmobile (lfmm): In the vein of LastFMProxy and Online Last.fm Player, lastfmmobile (lfmm) facilitates direct manipulation of the Last.FM Shoutcast/mp3 stream. Originally designed for Internet Explorer for Pocket PC, on the Windows Mobile platform, the portability of Javascript and the server-side rendering of PHP make lfmm available on a majority of web enabled devices. Still under heavy development.
• Rhythmbox: is able to play last.fm streams through its last.fm plugin as of version 0.9.7. It also supports submitting the track information of other tracks to the last.fm profile.
• Amarok: has had the ability to play Last.fm streams integrated into the application as of version 1.4.1, and continues to support submitting information. Users of previous versions can play the streams using the LastamaroK script (homepage), which is based on LastFMProxy.
• MyLastFM: an open source desktop client for the Windows platform which can play Last.fm streams or relay the streams to other music players (similar to LastFMProxy). It requires Microsoft .NET version 1.1 Framework.
• Last Exit: an open source GTK+-based client similar to the official player. There are official deb packages for Debian [7] and Ubuntu [8] and there is also an unofficial package that let you save the song [9] Ubuntu forums thread about the save song patch.
• Shell.FM: an open source console based player for Linux.
• Amua: a small, open source client for Mac OS X that resides as a menu item.
• PandoraFM: lets you listen to your customized Last.fm radio stations built by tagging within Pandora and the Last.fm web site. A web based, online Last.fm player.
• BMPx: Supports native song reporting as well as Last.fm radio playback since version 0.3x
• LastBASH: A console/terminal based Last.fm player, written in Bash.
• Banshee: Music player using Mono and GTK#, has a plugin for last.fm.
• Vagalume: A GTK+-based Last.fm client that works on standard PCs but is specially designed for the Nokia N800 and other Maemo-based devices.

Since Last.fm consists of a Shoutcast mp3 stream it is possible to listen on Last.fm using the player of your choice.^[10] Python is a high-level programming language first released by Guido van Rossum in 1991. ... SHOUTcast is a multiplatform freeware digital audio streaming technology developed by Nullsoft. ... Rhythmbox is an audio player that plays and helps organize digital music. ... Amarok is a free software music player for Linux and other varieties of Unix. ... GTK+, or the GIMP Toolkit, is one of the two most popular widget toolkits for the X Window System for creating graphical user interfaces. ... Debian is a free operating system. ... Ubuntu (official IPA pronunciation (oo-BOON-too[5])) is a predominantly desktop-oriented Linux distribution, based on Debian GNU/Linux but with a stronger focus on usability, regular releases, and ease of installation. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... This article is about operating systems that use the Linux kernel. ... Mac OS X (IPA: ) is a line of graphical operating systems developed, marketed, and sold by Apple Inc. ... BMPx is the successor to the Beep Media Player. ... -1... Banshee is an audio player for Linux operating systems, that uses Mono and Gtk#. It also uses the Helix and GStreamer multimedia platforms to play, encode, and decode Ogg Vorbis, MP3, FLAC, and other formats. ... Look up mono, mono- in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. ... GTK+, or the GIMP Toolkit, is one of the two most popular widget toolkits for the X Window System for creating graphical user interfaces. ... The Nokia N800 Internet Tablet is a wireless Internet appliance from Nokia, originally announced at the Las Vegas CES 2007 Summit in January 2007. ... Maemo is a development platform for handheld devices. ... SHOUTcast is a multiplatform freeware digital audio streaming technology developed by Nullsoft. ...

Audioscrobbler plugin

Last.fm can optionally build a profile directly from a user's music played on their personal computer. Users must download and install a plugin for their music player, which will automatically submit the artist and title of the song after either half the song or the first four minutes have played, whichever comes first. When the track is shorter than 30 seconds (31 seconds in iTunes) or the track lacks metadata (ID3, CDDB, etc), the track is not submitted. This feature is available to dial-up users, as data is cached and submitted to Last.fm when an internet connection is established. This article is about the computer terms. ... For other uses, see Plug in. ... For other uses, see Song (disambiguation). ... One half is the fraction resulting from dividing one by two (½), or any number by its double; multiplication by one half is equivalent to division by two. ... This article is about the iTunes application. ... Metadata is data about data. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... CDDB (which stands for Compact Disc Database) is a database for software applications to look up audio CD (compact disc) information over the Internet. ...

List of supported media players

Following applications have native support for sending song information:

• AlbumPlayer
• Amarok
• Audacious
• Banshee
• BMPx
• Exaile
• Ezmo
• Helium Music Manager
• Herrie
• Listen
• LobsterTunes
• MediaMaster
• MediaPortal
• MP3Toys
• Rhythmbox
• VUPlayer
• XBoxMediaCenter (XBMC)
• YamiPod

Plugins are available for the following applications: [10] Amarok is a free software music player for Linux and other varieties of Unix. ... Audacious is a free software media player for POSIX standards compliant based systems. ... Banshee is an audio player for Linux operating systems, that uses Mono and Gtk#. It also uses the Helix and GStreamer multimedia platforms to play, encode, and decode Ogg Vorbis, MP3, FLAC, and other formats. ... BMPx is the successor to the Beep Media Player. ... Exaile is an audio player for GNU/Linux operating systems, that aims to be similar to KDEs Amarok, but based on the GTK+ toolkit instead of the Qt toolkit Amarok uses. ... Ezmo is a free, online music streaming service currently in its beta phase. ... Herrie is a command line music player. ... MediaPortal is an open source media center software that acts as front-end for Personal Video Recorder (PVR), video, pictures, music and many more functionalities. ... MP3Toys is a Windows audio player capable of handling MP3, Ogg Vorbis, and Microsoft Windows Media audio files. ... Rhythmbox is an audio player that plays and helps organize digital music. ... Xbox Media Center (XBMC) is a free open source media player and entertainment hub software distributed under the GNU General Public License. ...

• AmigaAMP
• Banshee
• Beep Media Player
• foobar2000
• gmusicbrowser (unofficial plugin)
• iTunes
• LAUNCHcast (via LaunchScrobbler)
• J. River Media Center
• MediaMonkey (using Winamp plugin)
• Muine (unofficial plugin)
• MPD (unofficial, mpdscribble, scmpc)
• musikCube (unofficial beta plugin)
• MXPlay
• Noatun
• Pandora (music service) (via the LastFM Firefox Extension, through PandoraFM or with OpenPandora)
• Pocket Player a music player for Pocket PC and Smartphone devices running the Windows mobile operating system
• Rhythmbox
• Quintessential Player/QCD
• Quod Libet
• SlimServer
• Songbird
• Winamp
• Windows Media Player
• XMMS
• XMPlay
• Yahoo Music Engine

Banshee is an audio player for Linux operating systems, that uses Mono and Gtk#. It also uses the Helix and GStreamer multimedia platforms to play, encode, and decode Ogg Vorbis, MP3, FLAC, and other formats. ... The Beep Media Player (BMP) is a free audio player, based on the XMMS multimedia player. ... foobar2000 is a freeware audio player for Windows developed by Peter Pawlowski, a former freelance contractor for Nullsoft. ... This article is about the iTunes application. ... A 1999 issue (#35) of the LAUNCH disk magazine, a precursor of LAUNCHcast. ... Media Center, or formally, J. River Media Center is a multimedia application that allows the user to play and organize various types of media on a Windows based machine. ... MediaMonkey (no connection with Monkeys Audio, the lossless audio codec), made by Ventis Media Inc, is an audio player that also functions as a media library. ... Muine is an audio player for the GNOME desktop environment which runs on Linux, Solaris, BSD and other UNIX and UNIX-like systems. ... Music Player Daemon (MPD) is a music player which allows for remote access from another computer. ... The correct title of this article is . ... Noatun is one of two main media players of the K Desktop Environment, a popular desktop environment for Unix-like operating systems. ... For other uses, see Pandora (disambiguation). ... Pocket Player is a digital media player application, created by Conduits and available by download from their website. ... Rhythmbox is an audio player that plays and helps organize digital music. ... Quintessential Player version 4. ... Quod Libet is an audio player application for gnome, similar to amaroK. External links QuodLibet Homepage Categories: | | ... The SlimServer is a streaming audio server supported by Slim Devices, developed in particular to support their range of digital audio receivers. ... Songbird is a free software media player and web browser developed by The Songbird Team, (previously responsible for both Winamp and the Yahoo! Music Engine), with a stated mission to incubate Songbird, the first Web player, to catalyze and champion a diverse, open Media Web. ... Winamp is a proprietary media player written by Nullsoft, now a subsidiary of Time Warner. ... Windows Media Player (WMP) is a digital media player and media library application developed by Microsoft that is used for playing audio, video and viewing images on personal computers running the Microsoft Windows operating system, as well as on Pocket PC and Windows Mobile-based devices. ... XMMSs default appearance The X Multimedia System (XMMS) is a free audio player very similar to Winamp, that runs on many Unix-like operating systems. ... XMPlay is a freeware audio player for Windows, supporting the OGG / MP3 / MP2 / MP1 / WMA / WAV / CDA / MO3 / IT / XM / S3M / MTM / MOD / UMX audio formats, and PLS / M3U / ASX playlists. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...

Supported audio players (hardware)

There is some support for portable audio players. Since these are offline (which breaks the last.fm concept), track info has to be batch scrobbled. Players for which batch upload software is available:

• iPod: The most recent version of the Last.fm software for Windows features experimental iPod support. However, there are several other programs which support this feature. iPodScrobbler, via YamiPod, lastPod (former audioPod, audioPod+)^[11], iSproggler (Windows), iScrobbler (Mac iTunes), QTScrobbler, Rockbox replacement firmware
• Various other players: supported with the RockBox firmware - logs made by these players can be uploaded to the Audioscrobbler service via a web based interface written by stead : Rockbox .scrobbler.log to Last.fm Upload, QTScrobbler
• Zenses is an open source utility program for MTP compatible devices such as iriver clix, Toshiba's Gigabeat line, SanDisk's Sansa series, Samsung's YP series, Microsoft Zune, & Creative's Zen players. It lets you submit play counts from the player to last.fm, view charts on what you've played and create recently added playlists. Zenses was designed and developed for use with Creative's Zen Vision:M media player, however it should also work with most other MTP compatible devices. For more info on MTP and corresponding devices check here: Media Transfer Protocol. Some MTP players such as the SanDisk Sansa M230 don't register play counts and thus will not work with Zenses.

All Audioscrobbler plugins are open source and the listening data it collects is released under a Creative Commons License. The data is available from Last.fm's Audioscrobbler site. iPod is a brand of portable media player designed and marketed by Apple and launched in October 2001. ... Rockbox is a free software replacement for the firmware held on various forms of digital audio players (DAPs). ... Rockbox is a free software replacement for the firmware held on various forms of digital audio players (DAPs). ... The Media Transfer Protocol is a set of custom extensions to the Picture Transfer Protocol (PTP) devised by Microsoft, to allow the protocol to be used for devices other than digital cameras, for example digital audio players such as MP3 players, and other portable media devices, for example portable video... Open source refers to projects that are open to the public and which draw on other projects that are freely available to the general public. ... Creative Commons, some rights reserved. ...

Other third party applications

• Last.fm recent tracks widget for Mac OS X displays a user's most recently played tracks.
• last.tweet widget for Mac OS X displays the cover art of the recently played track, with Twitter integration
• FoxyTunes Firefox extension places Last.fm player controls and current song information on the browser status bar.

Twitter is a free social networking and micro-blogging service that allows users to send updates (text-based posts, up to 140 characters long) via SMS, instant messaging, email, to the Twitter website, or an application such as Twitterrific. ...

Blog

On 30 May, 2007, Last.fm launched their company blog.

Easter eggs

The Last.fm website has several easter eggs concealed within, relying on in-jokes: The first easter egg. ... An in joke is a joke whose humour is clear only to those people who are in a group that has some prior knowledge (not known by the whole population) that makes the joke humorous. ...

• A fake user page for David Hasselhoff, presented as if he were a member of the Last.fm development team, here (Hasselhoff's favourite track is the Knight Rider theme).
• A fake artist page for Matthew Ogle, the lead web developer at Last.fm, here. Ogle has a fake album page, From Alberta to the Albert, Live from the Hot Grapefruit Lounge, and even a fake fan club. The latter reports that a new album, made in collaboration with Hasselhoff, is about to be released. Ogle's fake songs are regularly scrobbled by users and staff members. Matt Ogle was captured on film performing a live rendition of Silent Night with his accordion in the Last.fm offices in December of 2006. The most popular tag for his music is "nu-post-awesomecore".
• A fake artist page for Norman Casagrande, the chief music research honcho for Last.fm, here. Casagrande has a fake fan club devoted to him, and even a fake event page in which he appears to be performing alongside Ogle and Hasselhoff in the office's local pub. Norman's "hit" track is titled "Norman in da Casa Grande", which is a pun based on his name. (Spanish casa grande translates as "big house.")

• The site team page often features comedic photos and job descriptions for staff members.
• In listing the various services provided by signing up, the site used to state that you receive a free pony. In reality, "Pony" was the codename for the site's recommendation system.
• The office microwave has its own artist page under the moniker "The Singing Microwave". The page features a biography and a recording of the song "Bacon & Mushroom Tagliatelle". Recently new material has been released in the form of the live track "Thai Chicken Soup (live at Covent Garden)".
• At the very bottom of each page is an Audioscrobbler "slogan", which changes each time the page is refreshed. They are all based on well known sayings or advertisements. These originally appeared at the top of the old Audioscrobbler website pages, and were all created and contributed by site members.

David Michael Hasselhoff (born July 17, 1952 in Baltimore, Maryland), nicknamed The Hoff, was an American actor who was best known for his lead roles on Knight Rider and Baywatch. ... For the American media company, see Knight Ridder. ... Autograph of the carol by Gruber Silent Night (Stille Nacht) is a traditional and popular Christmas carol. ... This article is about the instrument as a whole. ... Look up slogan in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Similar services

• Pandora
• imeem is a competitor to last.fm, but the model is closer to 'youtube for music' with music available on demand.
• MOG
• Anywhere.fm
• Deezer.com
• TuneDNA

For other uses, see Pandora (disambiguation). ... imeem logo imeem is a social media service where users interact with each other by watching, posting, and sharing content of all media types, including blogs, photos, audio, and video. ... YouTube is a popular video sharing website where users can upload, view and share video clips. ... MOG is an online community where computer users who listen to their music primarily on their computers or iPods show the world what they’re listening to, express their musical tastes, and discover people through music and music through people. ... Anywhere. ... Deezer. ...

See also

• List of online music databases
• List of social networking websites
• List of Internet stations

This is a list of online music databases: AccuRadio All Brazilian Music All Music Guide BNR Metal Burnt Wolf CADENSA - The catalogue of the British Library Sound Archive CDDB Choral Public Domain Library Color Of My Sound Coris Jpop Page Digitaldreamdoor Disco Record Vault Discogs Diskografi. ... This is a list of popular social networking websites. ... This is a list of Wikipedia articles on Internet streaming media resources. ...

References

Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 246th day of the year (247th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 246th day of the year (247th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Further reading

Press

is the 203rd day of the year (204th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Wired is a full-color monthly magazine and on-line periodical published in San Francisco, California since March 1993. ... is the 188th day of the year (189th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... BBC News is the department within the BBC responsible for the corporations news-gathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ... is the 86th day of the year (87th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 66th day of the year (67th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 291st day of the year (292nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the broadcast network. ...

External links

• Last.fm main page
• Audioscrobbler development site

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