Laura (Riding) Jackson (January 16, 1901 - September 2, 1991) was a United States poet, critic, novelist, essayist and short story writer. January 16 is the 16th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... September 2 is the 245th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (246th in leap years). ... 1991 (MCMXCI) is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Poet is a term applied to a person who composes poetry, including extended forms such as dramatic verse. ... A critic (from Greek κριτικός, kritikós - one who discerns, from Ancient Greek κριτής, krités, a judge) is a person who offers judgement or analysis, value judgement, interpretation, or observation. ... A novel is an extended work of written, narrative, prose fiction, usually in story form; the writer of a novel is a novelist. ... An essay is a short work that treats a topic from an authors personal point of view, often taking into account subjective experiences and personal reflections upon them. ... This article is in need of attention. ...

She was born Laura Reichenthal in New York to a family of Austrian Jewish immigrants, and educated at Cornell University, where she began to write poetry, publishing first (1923-26) under the name Laura Riding Gottschalk. She became associated with the Fugitives and shared much of their poetic credo. Her first marriage, to the historian Louis Gottschalk, ended in divorce in 1925, at the end of which year she went to England at the invitation of Robert Graves and his wife Nancy Nicholson. She would remain in Europe for nearly 14 years. Official language(s) None, English de facto Capital Albany Largest city New York City Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 27th 141,205 km² 455 km 530 km 13. ... The word Jew ( Hebrew: יהודי) is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity and often a combination of these attributes. ... Cornell University is a research university whose main campus is located on the East Hill of Ithaca, New York, and whose two medical campuses are located in New York City and in Education City, Qatar, near Doha. ... The Fugitives were a group of poets and literary scholars who came together at Vanderbilt University around 1920. ... 1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... Portrait of Robert Graves (circa 1974) by Rab Shiell Robert von Ranke Graves (July 24, 1895–December 7, 1985) was an English scholar, best remembered for his work as a poet and novelist. ... Nancy Nicholson (1899-1977) was a painter and fabric designer. ...

Her first collection of poetry, The Close Chaplet, was published in 1926, and during the following year she assumed the surname Riding. By this time her poetry had become much more original: generally abandoning traditional metres for a highly unconventional form of free verse. She, Robert Graves, and Nancy Nicholson were based in London until Riding's failed suicide-attempt in 1929. It is generally agreed that this episode was a major cause of the break up of Graves's first marriage: the whole affair caused a famous literary scandal. Thereafter, until the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in 1936, Riding and Graves lived in Mediterranean exile, building a house in Deya, Mallorca. Between 1936 and 1939 the pair lived in England, France, and Switzerland; Graves accompanied Riding on her return to the USA in 1939. In that year they parted (rather acrimoniously) and she married Schuyler B. Jackson in 1941. Free verse (also at times referred to as vers libre) is a term describing various styles of poetry that are not written using strict meter or rhyme, but that still are recognizable as poetry by virtue of complex patterns of one sort or another that readers can perceive to be... Portrait of Robert Graves (circa 1974) by Rab Shiell Robert von Ranke Graves (July 24, 1895–December 7, 1985) was an English scholar, best remembered for his work as a poet and novelist. ... Nancy Nicholson (1899-1977) was a painter and fabric designer. ... London is the capital city of the United Kingdom and of England. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film) 1941 (MCMXLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Riding and Graves were highly productive from the start of their association, though after they moved to Majorca they became even more so. While still in London they had set up (1927) a private press (The Seizin Press), collaborated on A Survey of Modernist Poetry (1927) (which some believe inaugurated the New Criticism), A Pamphlet Against Anthologies (1928), and other works. In Majorca the Seizin Press was enlarged to become a publishing imprint, producing inter alia the substantial hardbound critical magazine Epilogue (1935-1938), edited by Riding with Graves as associate editor. Throughout their association both of them steadily produced volumes of major poetry, culminating for each with a Collected Poems in 1938. Majorca (Mallorca in Catalan and Spanish, sometimes also encountered in English),: from Latin insula maior, later Maiorica, (major island) is one of the Balearic Islands (Catalan: Illes Balears, Spanish: Islas Baleares), which are located in the Mediterranean Sea and are a part of Spain. ... London is the capital city of the United Kingdom and of England. ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Seizin Press was a small press, founded in 1927 by Laura Riding and Robert Graves in London. ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... New Criticism was the dominant trend in English and American literary criticism of the early twentieth century, from the 1920s to the early 1960s. ... 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Riding began by taking a neo-Platonic view of poetry, in that she viewed poetry as the conduit for metaphysical truths. She was also highly influenced by neo-Romantic views of the poet as being the "unacknowledged legislator of the world," a sort of secular prophet. After World War II she lost her faith in poetry, however, and "renounced" it, choosing to concentrate on her linguistics-influenced philosophy. This decision was in some ways indicative of the renunciation of Platonism and Metaphysics after World War II that goes by the name of Post-Modernism. Therefore, her Collected Poems is one of the key Modernist texts. Progress of Stories, a short-story collection, is probably her best prose work. However, it should be noted that after 1945 she continued to write and publish prose, mainly on the subjects of philosophy and linguistics. "The Telling" is probably her major work from this period. Neoplatonism (also Neo-Platonism) is a school of philosophy that took shape in the 3rd century A.D. Based on the teachings of Plato and the Platonists, it contained enough unique interpretations of Plato that some view Neoplatonism as substantively different from what Plato wrote and believed. ... Romantic and romanticism have a number of uses: Titles: Romantic (song) by Karyn White. ... Combatants Allied Powers Axis Powers Commanders {{{commander1}}} {{{commander2}}} Strength {{{strength1}}} {{{strength2}}} Casualties 17 million military deaths 7 million military deaths {{{notes}}} World War II, also known as the Second World War (sometimes WW2 or WWII or World War Two), was a mid-20th century conflict that engulfed much of the... Platonic idealism is the theory that the substantive reality around us is only a reflection of a higher truth. ... Metaphysics (Greek words meta = after/beyond and physics = nature) is a branch of philosophy concerned with the study of first principles and being (ontology). ... Postmodernism (sometimes abbreviated pomo) is a term applied to a wide-ranging set of developments in critical theory, philosophy, architecture, art, literature, and culture, which are generally characterized as either emerging from, in reaction to, or superseding, modernism. ... This article focuses on the cultural movement labeled modernism or the modern movement. See also: Modernism (Roman Catholicism) or Modernist Christianity; Modernismo for specific art movement(s) in Spain and Catalonia. ...

Further Reading

Elizabeth Friedmann "A Mannered Grace: the Life of Laura (Riding) Jackson" (Persea Books, 2005). ISBN 0892553006

Alan J Clark "Laura (Riding) Jackson: a revised check-list March 1923-January 2001", pp.147-179 IN "The Sufficient Difference: a Centenary Celebration of Laura (Riding) Jackson" (NY: Chelsea Associates, 2000) (Chelsea 69). ISSN 00092185

External links

• Laura Riding's Official Homepage