In the federal Parliament, Brereton was Parliamentary Secretary to the Prime Minister 1991-93, Minister for Industrial Relations 1993-96, Minister for Transport 1993-96, and Minister Assisting the Prime Minister for Public Service Matters 1993.
Brereton was a member of the Opposition Shadow Ministry 1996-2001. Taking into account his service in the New South Wales Parliament, Brereton had the longest period of parliamentary service of any member of the Parliament elected in 2001. In June 2004 he announced his retirement from politics at the 2004 federal election. He helped engineer the candidacy of the rock singer Peter Garrett as his successor in the seat.