Lawrence Durrell
Lawrence Durrell
Born	February 27, 1912(1912-02-27) Jalandhar, India
Died	November 7, 1990 (aged 78) Sommières, France
Occupation	Biographist; poet; playwright; novelist
Nationality	British
Writing period	1931 - 1990
Influences	Henry Miller, Oscar Wilde, Joseph Conrad, Friedrich Nietzsche, Friedrich Nietzsche, Constantine P. Cavafy, T. S. Eliot, George Seferis
Influenced	Julio Cortazar, Thomas Pynchon, Susan Swan, David Gascoyne, Dylan Thomas, M. G. Vassanji
Website	Lawrence Durrell

Lawrence George Durrell (February 27, 1912 – November 7, 1990) was an expatriate British novelist, poet, dramatist, and travel writer, though he resisted affiliation with Britain and preferred to be considered cosmopolitan. It has been posthumously suggested that Durrell never had British citizenship^[1], though more accurately, he became defined as a non-patrial in 1968 due to the amendment to the Commonwealth Immigrants Act 1962. Hence, he was denied the right to enter or settle in Britain under new laws and had to apply for a visa for each entry. His most famous work is the tetralogy The Alexandria Quartet. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... is the 58th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... This article is about the city in India. ... is the 311th day of the year (312th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ... Sommières is a village and commune in France, situated in the Gard département in the Languedoc-Roussillon region, 22 kilometres from Nîmes, 28 kilometres from Montpellier, and on the edge of the Vaunage, région très viticole. ... This article is about work. ... In English usage, nationality is the legal relationship between a person and a country. ... See also: 1934 in literature, other events of 1935, 1936 in literature, list of years in literature. ... See also: 1989 in literature, other events of 1990, 1991 in literature, list of years in literature. ... Henry Miller photo taken by Carl Van Vechten, 1940 Henry Valentine Miller (December 26, 1891 – June 7, 1980) was an American writer and, to a lesser extent, painter. ... Oscar Fingal OFlahertie Wills Wilde (October 16, 1854 – November 30, 1900) was an Irish playwright, novelist, poet, and author of short stories. ... // Joseph Conrad (born Teodor Józef Konrad NaÅ‚Ä™cz-Korzeniowski, 3 December 1857 – 3 August 1924) was a Polish-born novelist who spent most of his adult life in Britain. ... Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (October 15, 1844 – August 25, 1900) (IPA: ) was a nineteenth-century German philosopher. ... Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (October 15, 1844 – August 25, 1900) (IPA: ) was a nineteenth-century German philosopher. ... Constantine P. Cavafy, also known as Konstantin or Konstantinos Petrou Kavafis, or Kavaphes (Greek Κωνσταντίνος Π. Καβάφης) (April 29, 1863 – April 29, 1933) was a major Alexandrine poet who worked as a journalist and civil servant. ... Thomas Stearns Eliot, OM (September 26, 1888 – January 4, 1965), was a poet, dramatist and literary critic. ... Giorgos Seferis (1900-1971) is the pen name of Greek poet Giorgos Seferiadis. ... Julio Cortázar (August 26, 1914 - February 12, 1984) was an Argentine intellectual and author of several experimental novels and many short stories. ... Thomas Ruggles Pynchon, Jr. ... Susan Swan is a Canadian author, whose list of works include The Wives of Bath and What Cassanova Told Me. ... The cover of Gascoynes 1935 book A Short Survey of Surrealism David Gascoyne (October 10, 1916 - November 25, 2001) was a British poet associated with the Surrealist movement. ... Dylan Marlais Thomas (27 October 1914 – 9 November 1953) was a Welsh poet. ... M.G. Vassanji, C.M. is an African-Indian-Canadian novelist. ... is the 58th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... is the 311th day of the year (312th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ... A novel is an extended work of written, narrative, prose fiction, usually in story form; the writer of a novel is a novelist. ... The poor poet A poet is a person who writes poetry. ... A dramatist is an author of dramatic compositions, usually plays. ... Travel writing is a literary genre related to the essay and to the guidebook. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The United Kingdom has arguably the worlds most complex nationality laws, because of its former status as an imperial power. ... The 1962 Commonwealth Immigrants Act was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. ... A tetralogy is a compound work that is made up of four (numerical prefix tetra-) distinct works. ... The Alexandria Quartet is a tetralogy of novels by British writer Lawrence Durrell, published between 1957 and 1960. ...

Life and work

Durrell was born in Jalandhar, India, the son of Indian-born British colonials. Before going to England, he pursued schooling at St. Joseph's College (School Department), North Point, Darjeeling. In England he attended St Edmund's School Canterbury. At the age of eleven, he was sent to attend school in England — a country in which he was never happy, and which he left as soon as possible. Although his formal education was unsuccessful and he failed his university entrance examinations, Durrell had started writing poetry at the age of fifteen: his first collection, Quaint Fragment, was published in 1931. This article is about the city in India. ... North Point is a mixed-use urban area on the north of Hong Kong Island in Hong Kong, between Causeway Bay and Quarry Bay. ... For other uses, see Darjeeling (disambiguation). ... Arms of St Edmunds School St Edmund’s School is an independent secondary school (ages 13-18) in Canterbury, Kent, England. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... Year 1931 (MCMXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

On January 22, 1935, Durrell married Nancy Isobel Myers, the first of his four marriages^[2]. In March that year Durrell, Nancy, his mother, and his siblings (including brother Gerald Durrell, later to be a major British wildlife conservationist and popular writer) moved to the Greek island of Corfu. In the same year his first novel, Pied Piper of Lovers, was published by Cassell; he also wrote to Henry Miller expressing intense admiration for his novel Tropic of Cancer, which sparked an enduring friendship and mutually critical relationship. The two got on well as they had similar subjects at the time: Durrell's The Black Book abounded with "four-letter words... grotesques,... [and] its mood equally as apocalyptic" as Tropic. is the 22nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar). ... Gerald Durrell – founder of the Jersey Zoo and pioneer of captive breeding The Gerald Durrell Memorial VHS cover, with a self portrait Gerald (Gerry) Malcolm Durrell OBE (January 7, 1925 – January 30, 1995) was a naturalist, zookeeper, conservationist, author, and television presenter. ... This article is about the Greek island Kerkyra known in English as Corfu or Corcyra. ... Henry Miller photo taken by Carl Van Vechten, 1940 Henry Valentine Miller (December 26, 1891 – June 7, 1980) was an American writer and, to a lesser extent, painter. ... Tropic of Cancer is a novel by Henry Miller, first published in 1934 by Obelisk Press in Paris and still in print (Grove Press 1987 paperback: ISBN 0-8021-3178-6). ...

In August 1937 he and Nancy travelled to the Villa Seurat in Paris, to meet Henry Miller and Anaïs Nin. Together with Alfred Perles, Nin, Miller and Durrell "began a collaboration aimed at founding their own literary movement. Their projects included 'The Shame of the Morning' and the 'Booster', a country club house organ the Villa Seurat group appropriated for their own artistic...ends."^[3] They also started the Villa Seurat Series in order to publish Durrell's Black Book, Miller's Max and the White Phagocytes, and Nin's Winter of Artifice, with Jack Kahane of the Obelisk Press as publisher. Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Le Chahut was painted by Seurat from 1889 to 1890. ... Henry Miller photo taken by Carl Van Vechten, 1940 Henry Valentine Miller (December 26, 1891 – June 7, 1980) was an American writer and, to a lesser extent, painter. ... Ana s Nin (February 21, 1903 - January 14, 1977) was a French author who became famous for her self-published diaries, which span a period of forty years, beginning when she was twelve years old. ... Alfred Perlès (1897 - 1990) was an Austrian-British writer, who was most famous for his associations with Henry Miller, Lawrence Durrell, and Anaïs Nin. ... Jack Kahane (1887-1939) was a Manchester-born writer and publisher who founded the Obelisk Press. ... Obelisk Press was an English-language press based in Paris, France, founded by Jack Kahane. ...

At the outbreak of the Second World War, his mother and other siblings returned to England, while Durrell remained on Corfu. After the fall of Greece, Lawrence escaped via Crete to Alexandria in Egypt, where he wrote about Corfu and their life on "this brilliant little speck of an island in the Ionian" in the poetic Prospero's Cell. Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... For other uses, see Greece (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Crete (disambiguation). ... This article is about the city in Egypt. ...

During the war, Durrell served as a press attaché to the British Embassies, first in Cairo and then Alexandria. After the war he held various diplomatic and teaching jobs. It was in Alexandria that he met Eve (Yvette) Cohen, who was to become the model for Justine. For other uses, see Cairo (disambiguation). ... This article is about the city in Egypt. ...

Durrell separated from Nancy in 1942. In 1947 he married Yvette Cohen and in 1951 they had a daughter, Sappho Jane, named after the legendary Ancient Greek poetess Sappho. Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Note: This article contains special characters. ... A poetess, in the simplest sense, is a woman poet. ... For other uses, see Sappho (disambiguation). ...

Lawrence Durrell

In 1947 he was appointed director of the British Council Institute in Córdoba, Argentina, where for the next eighteen months he gave lectures on cultural topics^[4]. He returned to London in the summer of 1948, around the time that Marshal Tito broke ties with Stalin's Cominform, and Durrell was posted to Belgrade^[5], where he was to remain until 1952. This sojourn gave him material for his book White Eagles over Serbia (1957). In 1952 he moved to Cyprus, buying a house and taking a position teaching English literature at the Pancyprian Gymnasium to support his writing, followed by public relations work for the British government there during agitation for union with Greece. He wrote about his time in Cyprus in Bitter Lemons. In 1954, he became a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (521x800, 128 KB) Summary Book cover Lawrence Durrell Travel Reader Licensing This image is of a book cover, and the copyright for it is most likely owned either by the artist who created the cover or the publisher of the book. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (521x800, 128 KB) Summary Book cover Lawrence Durrell Travel Reader Licensing This image is of a book cover, and the copyright for it is most likely owned either by the artist who created the cover or the publisher of the book. ... Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Córdoba is a city located near the geographical center of Argentina, in the foothills of the Sierras Chicas mountains on the Suquía River, about 700 km west-northwest from Buenos Aires. ... Year 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Josip Broz Tito (May 7, 1892 - May 4, 1980) was the ruler of Yugoslavia between the end of World War II and his death in 1980. ... Iosif (usually anglicized as Joseph) Vissarionovich Stalin (Russian: Иосиф Виссарионович Сталин), original name Ioseb Jughashvili (Georgian: იოსებ ჯუღაშვი&#4314... The Cominform (from Communist Information Bureau) is the common name for what was officially referred to as the Information Bureau of the Communist and Workers Parties. It was the first official forum of the international communist movement since the dissolution of the Comintern, and confirmed the new realities after World... For other uses, see Belgrade (disambiguation). ... The Pancyprian Gymnasium (Παγκύπριο Γυμνάσιο) was founded in 1812 by Archbishop Kyprianos at a time when Cyprus was still under Ottoman occupation. ... Greece was elected by the United Nations General Assembly to the United Nations Security Council, on 15 October 2004 , as a non-permanent member for 2005 and 2006. ...

In 1957, he published "Justine", the first part of what was to become his most famous work, The Alexandria Quartet. "Justine", "Balthazar" (1958), "Mountolive" (1959) and "Clea" (1960) deal with events before and during the Second World War in Alexandria. The first three books tell essentially the same story but from different perspectives, a technique Durrell described in his introductory note to "Balthazar" as "relativistic". Only in the final part, "Clea", does the story advance in time and reach a conclusion. See also: 1956 in literature, other events of 1957, 1958 in literature, list of years in literature. ... Justine, published in 1957, is the first volume in Lawrence Durrells Alexandria Quartet. ...

The Quartet impressed critics by the richness of its style, the variety and vividness of its characters, its movement between the personal and the political, and its exotic locations in and around the city which Durrell portrays as the chief protagonist: "... the city which used us as its flora - precipitated in us conflicts which were hers and which we mistook for our own: beloved Alexandria!" The Times Literary Supplement review of the Quartet stated: "If ever a work bore an instantly recognizable signature on every sentence, this is it." There was some suggestion that Durrell might be nominated for the Nobel Prize for Literature, but this did not materialize.

Given the complexity of the work, it was probably inevitable that George Cukor's 1969 attempt to film the Quartet (Justine) simplified the story to the point of melodrama, and was poorly received. George Dewey Cukor (July 7, 1899 – January 24, 1983) was an American film director. ... // Cannes Film Festival opens, but closes in support of a French general strike without awarding any prizes. ...

Following his separation from Eve in 1955, Durrell was married again in 1961 to Claude-Marie Vincendon; she died of cancer in 1967.

Durrell settled in Sommières, a small village in Provence, France, from where he wrote The Revolt of Aphrodite, comprising "Tunc" (1968) and "Nunquam" (1970), and The Avignon Quintet, which attempted to replicate the success of The Alexandria Quartet and revisited many of the same motifs and styles to be found in the earlier work. Although it is frequently described as a quintet, Durrell himself referred to it as a "quincunx". The Avignon Quintet is on the whole less successful than The Alexandria Quartet, although the middle book of the quincunx, "Constance, or Solitary Practices", which portrays France under the German occupation, was nominated for the Booker Prize in 1982 and the opening novel, Monsieur, or the Prince of Darkness, received the 1974 James Tait Black Memorial Prize. Sommières is a village and commune in France, situated in the Gard département in the Languedoc-Roussillon region, 22 kilometres from Nîmes, 28 kilometres from Montpellier, and on the edge of the Vaunage, région très viticole. ... Coat of arms of Provence Provence (Provençal Occitan: Provença in classical norm or Prouvènço in Mistralian norm) was a Roman province and now is a region of southeastern France on the Mediterranean Sea adjacent to Italy. ... Five dots forming a quincunx A quincunx is the arrangement of five units in the pattern corresponding to the five-spot on dice, playing cards, or dominoes. ... The Man Booker Prize for Fiction, also known as the Man Booker Prize, or simply the Man Booker, is one of the worlds most important literary prizes, and awarded each year for the best original novel written by a citizen of the Commonwealth or the Republic of Ireland in... Founded in 1919, the James Tait Black Memorial Prizes are among the oldest and most prestigious book prizes awarded for literature written in the English Language. ...

Durrell's poetry has been overshadowed by his novels. Peter Porter, in his introduction to a Selected Poems^[6], writes of Durrell as a poet: "one of the best of the past hundred years. And one of the most enjoyable." He goes on to describe Durrell's poetry as "always beautiful as sound and syntax. Its innovation lies in its refusal to be more high-minded than the things it records, together with its handling of the whole lexicon of language."^[7] Peter Neville Frederick Porter (born 1929 is an Australian born British poet. ...

Durrell also spent several years in the service of the Foreign Office. He was senior Press Press Officer to the British Embassies in Athens and Cairo, Press Attache in Alexandria and Belgrade, Director of the British Institutes in Kalamata, Greece, and Cordoba, Argentina. He was also Director of Public Relations in the Dodecanese Islands and on Cyprus.

Durrell suffered from emphysema for many years. He died of a stroke at his house in Sommières in November 1990. For other uses, see Stroke (disambiguation). ...

Major works

Novels

• Pied Piper of Lovers (1935)
• Panic Spring, under the pseudonym Charles Norden (1937)
• The Black Book (1938; republished in the UK on January 1, 1977 by Faber and Faber)
• Cefalu (1947; published as "The Dark Labyrinth" in 1958)
• The Dark Labyrinth (1958; published as "Cefalu" in 1947)
• White Eagles Over Serbia (1957)
• The Alexandria Quartet—Justine (1957), Balthazar (1958), Mountolive (1958), Clea (1960)
• The Revolt of Aphrodite—Tunc (1968), Nunquam (1970)
• The Avignon Quintet—Monsieur: or, The Prince of Darkness (1974); Livia: or, Buried Alive (1978); Constance: or, Solitary Practices (1982); Sebastian: or, Ruling Passions (1983); Quinx: or, The Ripper's Tale (1985)

Pied Piper of Lovers, published in 1935, is Lawrence Durrells first novel. ... See also: 1934 in literature, other events of 1935, 1936 in literature, list of years in literature. ... See also: 1936 in literature, other events of 1937, 1938 in literature, list of years in literature. ... See also: 1937 in literature, other events of 1938, 1939 in literature, list of years in literature. ... Faber and Faber, often abbreviated to Faber, is an independent publishing house in the UK, notable in particular for publishing a great deal of poetry and for its former editor T. S. Eliot. ... -1... ). Categories: Stub ... The Alexandria Quartet is a tetralogy of novels by British writer Lawrence Durrell, published between 1957 and 1960. ... Justine, published in 1957, is the first volume in Lawrence Durrells Alexandria Quartet. ... See also: 1956 in literature, other events of 1957, 1958 in literature, list of years in literature. ... ). Categories: Stub ... ). Categories: Stub ... Clea, published in 1960, is the fourth volume in the The Alexandria Quartet series by British author Lawrence Durrell. ... See also: 1959 in literature, other events of 1960, 1961 in literature, list of years in literature. ... See also: 1967 in literature, other events of 1968, 1969 in literature, list of years in literature. ... See also: 1969 in literature, other events of 1970, 1971 in literature, list of years in literature. ... Monsieur, published in 1974, is the first volume in Lawrence Durrells Avignon Quintet. ... See also: 1973 in literature, other events of 1974, 1975 in literature, list of years in literature. ... See also: 1977 in literature, other events of 1978, 1979 in literature, list of years in literature. ... See also: 1981 in literature, other events of 1982, 1983 in literature, list of years in literature. ... See also: 1982 in literature, other events of 1983, 1984 in literature, list of years in literature. ... See also: 1984 in literature, other events of 1985, 1986 in literature, list of years in literature. ...

Travel

• Prospero's Cell: A guide to the landscape and manners of the island of Corcyra (1945; republished 2000) (ISBN 0-571-20165-2)
• Reflections on a Marine Venus (1953)
• Bitter Lemons (1957; republished as Bitter Lemons of Cyprus 2001)
• Blue Thirst (1975)
• Sicilian Carousel (1977)
• The Greek Islands (1978)
• Caesar's Vast Ghost (1990)

Bitter Lemons is an autobiographical work by writer Lawrence Durrell, describing the three years (1953-1956) he spent on the island of Cyprus. ...

Poetry

• Quaint Fragments (1931)
• Ten Poems (1932)
• Transition: Poems (1934)
• A Private Country (1943)
• Cities, Plains and People (1946)
• On Seeming to Presume (1948)
• Selected Poems: 1953–1963 Edited by Alan Ross (1964)
• The Ikons (1966)
• The Suchness of the Old Boy (1972)
• Collected Poems: 1931–1974 Edited by James A. Brigham (1980)
• Selected Poems of Lawrence Durrell Edited by Peter Porter (2006)

// John Betjeman, Mount Zion Edmund Blunden publishes Wilfred Owens poems Hilda Doolittle (H.D.), Red Roses for Bronze Pulitzer Prize for Poetry: Robert Frost: Collected Poems February 2 — Judith Viorst, American author known for her childrens books and poetry April 19 — Etheridge Knight, (died 1991), an African-American... // W. B. Yeats rents a house in Dublin. ... // The Barretts of Wimpole Street, a film directed by Sidney Franklin, with Norma Shearer as Elizabeth Barrett and Fredric March as Robert Browning; redone in 1957, less successfully T. S. Eliot, The Rock George Oppen, Discrete Series Dylan Thomas, Eighteen Poems, including The Force that Through the Green Fuse Drives... // Ottawa native Elizabeth Smart moves permanently to England. ... // W.H. Auden becomes a U.S. citizen Cleanth Brooks, The Well Wrought Urn: Studies in the Structure of Poetry Roy Campbell, Talking Bronco Walter De la Mare, The Traveller Henry Reed, A Map of Verona, including Naming of Parts Dylan Thomas, Deaths and Entrances, including Fern Hill and A... // Sometime this year, Jack Kerouac introduced the phrase Beat Generation to describe his friends and as a general term describing the underground, anti-conformist youth gathering in New York at that time to the novelist John Clellon Holmes September — The body of William Butler Yeats who died in Menton, France... // Sir John Betjeman, Ring of Bells Leonard Cohen, Flowers for Hitler, including The Only Tourist in Havana Turns his Thoughts Homeward Philip Larkin, The Whitsun Weddings. ... // Raymond Souster founds the League of Canadian Poets A.R. Ammons, Northfield Poems John Ashbery, Rivers and Mountains Ted Berrigan, Some Things Paul Blackburn, 16 Sloppy Haiku and a Lyric for Robert Reardon Sing Song translator, Poem of the Cid Basil Bunting, Briggflatts Randall Jarrell (died 1965), The Lost World... // John Betjeman becomes Poet Laureate A.R. Ammons: Briefings: Poems Small and Easy Collected Poems: 1951-1971, winner of the National Book Award in 1973 John Ashbery, Three Poems Ted Berrigan, Ron Padgett, and Tom Clark, Back In Boston Again John Berryman, (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux) Elizabeth Bishop and... // Mark Jarman and Robert McDowell started the small magazine The Reaper to promote narrative and formal poetry. ... // French public notary Patrick Huet unveils Pieces of Hope to the Echo of the World in Lyon. ...

Drama

• Bromo Bombastes, under the pseudonym Gaffer Peeslake (1933)
• Sappho: A Play in Verse (1950)
• An Irish Faustus: A Morality in Nine Scenes (1963)
• Acte (1964)

Humor

• Esprit de Corps (1957)
• Stiff Upper Lip (1958)
• Sauve Qui Peut (1966)
• Antrobus Complete (1985), a collection of short stories, previously published in various magazines, about life in the diplomatic corps.

This article is about negotiations. ...

Letters and essays

• A Key to Modern British Poetry (1952)
• Lawrence Durrell and Henry Miller: A Private Correspondence (1962) edited by George Wickes
• Spirit of Place: Letters and Essays on Travel (1969) edited by Alan G. Thomas
• Literary Lifelines: The Richard Aldington—Lawrence Durrell Correspondence (1981) edited by Ian S. MacNiven and Harry T. Moore
• A Smile in the Mind's Eye (1982)
• "Letters to T. S. Eliot." (1987) Twentieth Century Literature vol. 33 no. 3 pp. 348-58.
• The Durrell-Miller Letters: 1935–80 (1988) edited by Ian S. MacNiven
• Letters to Jean Fanchette (1988) edited by Jean Fanchette

Henry Miller photo taken by Carl Van Vechten, 1940 Henry Valentine Miller (December 26, 1891 – June 7, 1980) was an American writer and, to a lesser extent, painter. ... Richard Aldington in uniform during World War I Richard Aldington (July 8, 1892 – July 27, 1962), name at birth Edward Godfree Aldington, was an English writer and poet. ... Thomas Stearns Eliot, OM (September 26, 1888 – January 4, 1965), was a poet, dramatist and literary critic. ...

Editing and translating

• Wordsworth; Selected by Lawrence Durrell (1973) edited by Durrell
• New Poems 1963: A P.E.N. Anthology of Contemporary Poetry (1963) edited by Durrell
• The Best of Henry Miller (1960) edited by Durrell
• The Curious History of Pope Joan (1954) by Emmanuel Royidis, translated by Durrell
• The King of Asine and Other Poems (1948) by George Seferis, translated by Durrell, Bernard Spencer, and Nanos Valaoritis
• Six Poems From the Greek of Sekilianos and Seferis (1946) translated by Durrell

Giorgos Seferis (1900-1971) is the pen name of Greek poet Giorgos Seferiadis. ... Charles Bernard Spencer (1909 – 1963) was an English poet. ... Nanos Valaoritis is one of the most distinguished writers in Greece today. ...

Notes

1. ^ Ezard, John. "Durrell Fell Foul of Migrant Law", The Guardian, 2002-04-29. Retrieved on 2007-01-30. . }}
2. ^ MacNiven, Ian S. (1998). Lawrence Durrell: A Biography. Faber and Faber. ISBN 0-571-17248-2.  p. xiii.
3. ^ Dearborn, Mary V. (1992). The Happiest Man Alive: A Biography of Henry Miller. Touchstone Books. ISBN 0-671-77982-6.  p. 192 and picture insert captions.
4. ^ Interview with Marc Alyn, published in Paris in 1972, translated by Francine Barker in 1974; reprinted in Earl G. Ingersoll, Lawrence Durrell: Conversations, Associated University Presses, 1998. ISBN 0-8386-3723-X. p. 138.
5. ^ Alyn, op. cit. Ingersoll, page 139.
6. ^ (2006) in Porter, P. (ed).: Lawrence Durrell: Selected Poems. Faber and Faber. 
7. ^ Porter, op. cit., p. xxi.

Also see: 2002 (number). ... is the 119th day of the year (120th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Further reading

Biography and Interviews

• Bowker, Gordon. Through the Dark Labyrinth: A Biography of Lawrence Durrell. New York: St. Martin’s, 1997.
• Chamberlin, Brewster. A Chronology of the Life and Times of Lawrence Durrell. Corfu: The Durrell School of Corfu, 2007
• Durrell, Lawrence. The Big Supposer: An Interview with Marc Alyn. New York: Grove, 1974.
• Haag, Michael. Alexandria: City of Memory. London and New Haven: Yale University Press, 2004.
• MacNiven, Ian. Lawrence Durrell - A Biography. London: Faber and Faber, 1998.
• Todd, Daniel Ray. An Annotated, Enumerative Bibliography of the Criticism of Lawrence Durrell's Alexandria Quartet and his Travel Works. Diss. Tulane University. 1984.
• Ingersoll, Earl. Lawrence Durrell: Conversations. Cranbury, NJ: Ashgate; 1998.

Book-length Criticism

• Alexandre-Garner, Corinne, ed. Lawrence Durrell Revisited : Lawrence Durrell Revisité. Confluences 21. Nanterre, France: Université Paris X, 2002.
• Alexandre-Garner, Corinne, ed. Lawrence Durrell: Actes Du Colloque Pour L'Inauguration De La Bibliothèque Durrell. Confluences 15. Nanterre, France: Université Paris-X, 1998.
• Alexandre-Garner, Corinne. Le Quatuor D'Alexandrie, Fragmentation Et Écriture : Étude Sur Lámour, La Femme Et L'Écriture Dans Le Roman De Lawrence Durrell. Anglo-Saxon Language and Literature 136. New York: Peter Lang, 1985.
• Begnal, Michael H., ed. On Miracle Ground: Essays on the Fiction of Lawrence Durrell. Lewisburg: Bucknell University Press, 1990.
• Cornu, Marie-Renée. La Dynamique Du Quatuor D'Alexandrie De Lawrence Durrell: Trois Études. Montréal, QU: Didier, 1979.
• Fraser, G. S. Lawrence Durrell: A Study. London: Faber and Faber, 1968.
• Friedman, Alan Warren, ed. Critical Essays on Lawrence Durrell. Boston: G. K. Hall, 1987.
• Friedman, Alan Warren. Lawrence Durrell and "The Alexandria Quartet": Art for Love's Sake. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1970.
• Herbrechter, Stefan. Lawrence Durrell, Postmodernism and the Ethics of Alterity. Postmodern Studies 26. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1999.
• Hoops, Wiklef. Die Antinomie Von Theorie Und Praxis in Lawrence Durrells Alexandria Quartet: Eine Strukturuntersuchung. Frankfurt: Peter Lang, 1976.
• Isernhagen, Hartwig. Sensation, Vision and Imagination: The Problem of Unity in Lawrence Durrell's Novels. Bamberg: Bamberger Fotodruck, 1969.
• Kaczvinsky, Donald P. Lawrence Durrell’s Major Novels, or The Kingdom of the Imagination. Selinsgrove: Susquehanna UP, 1997.
• Lampert, Gunther. Symbolik Und Leitmotivik in Lawrence Durrells Alexandria Quartet. Bamberg: Rodenbusch, 1974.
• Lillios, Anna, ed. Lawrence Durrell and the Greek World. London: Associated University Presses, 2004.
• Moore, Harry T., ed. The World of Lawrence Durrell. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1962.
• Morrison, Ray. A Smile in His Mind's Eye: A Study of the Early Works of Lawrence Durrell. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2005.
• Pelletier, Jacques. Le Quatour D'Alexandrie De Lawrence Durrell Lawrence Durrell's Alexandria Quartet. Paris: Hachette, 1975.
• Pine, Richard. Lawrence Durrell: The Mindscape. Corfu: The Durrell School of Corfu, revised edition 2005.
• Pine, Richard. The Dandy and the Herald: Manners, Mind and Morals From Brummell to Durrell. New York: St. Martin's, 1988.
• Raper, Julius Rowan, et al., eds. Lawrence Durrell: Comprehending the Whole. Columbia: U of Missouri P, 1995.
• Rashidi, Linda Stump. (Re)constructing Reality: Complexity in Lawrence Durrell’s Alexandria Quartet. New York: Peter Lang, 2005.
• Ruprecht, Walter Hermann. Durrells Alexandria Quartet: Struktur Als Belzugssystem. Sichtung Und Analyse. Swiss Studies in English 72. Berne: Francke Verlag, 1972.
• Sajavaara, Kari. Imagery in Lawrence Durrell's Prose. Mémoires De La Société Néophilologique De Helsinki 35. Helsinki: Société Néophilologique, 1975.
• Sertoli, Giuseppe. Lawrence Durrell. Civilta Letteraria Del Novecento: Sezione Inglese - Americana 6. Milano: University of Mersia, 1967.

Bibliography

• Potter, Robert A., and Brooke Whiting. Lawrence Durrell: A Checklist. Los Angeles: University of California, Los Angeles Library, 1961.
• Thomas, Alan G., and James Brigham. Lawrence Durrell: An Illustrated Checklist. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1983.

Cultural References

• Lawrence Durrell - song by Mick Thomas
• Stranger Than Fiction - The Alexandria Quartet is briefly referred to in a scene between Dustin Hoffman and Will Ferrell in the movie Stranger Than Fiction (2006). The following is written on the chalkboard behind them: "Mountolive's ear aches, Liza's blindness, Clea's amputated hand, Leila's smallpox, Justine's stroke, Pombal's gout." This juxtaposed against Harold Crick's (Farrell) impending, 'literary' doom.
• Flirting - A paperback copy of Durrell's Justine sits on her vanity while Thandi Newton smokes at her mirror, echoing a scene in Justine.

One of Australias foremost singer / songwriters;- writer, playwrite, record producer, record company executive. ...

External links

• British Council's Lawrence Durrell Celebration, Alexandria, Egypt
• The International Lawrence Durrell Society
• Lawrence Durrell Library (Nanterre - France)
• The Durrell School of Corfu
• Critical Materials on Lawrence Durrell: A Bibliographic Checklist
• Lawrence Durrell Bibliography from Inventions of Spring
• Lawrence Durrell (1912-1990)
• Biography from the Lawrence Durrell Archive
• Photos from Find a Grave
• Andrewski, Gene; Mitchell, Julian (1959-04-23). Lawrence Durrell: The Art of Fiction No. 23 (interview). The Paris Review. Retrieved on 2006-07-01.
• Gifford, James (2004-07-30). Lawrence Durrell: Text, Hypertext, Intertext. Agora: An Online Graduate Journal. Retrieved on 2007-10-14.
• Gifford, James (2001-11-30). Forgetting A Homeless Colonial: Gender, Religion and Transnational Childhood in Lawrence Durrell's Pied Piper Of Lovers. Jouvert: A Journal of Postcolonial Studies. Retrieved on 2007-10-14.