HMS Andromeda Download high resolution version (1206x953, 125 KB)HMS Andromeda (Leander-class frigate). ...
Type 12 (Leander)-class
General Characteristics
Displacement:	2860 tons full load (Batch 1 and 2)/3000 tons full load (Batch 3)
Length:	372 ft (113 m)
Beam:	41 ft (12.5 m) Batch 1 and 2, 43 ft (13.1 m) Batch 3
Draught:	18 ft (5.5 m)
Propulsion:	2 shafts, 2 steam turbines, 2 boilers, 25,000 shp (19 MW)
Speed:	28 knots (52 km/h)
Range:	4500 nautical miles (8,000 km) at 12 knots (22 km/h)
Complement:	257
Armament:	2 twin mount x 4.5 in (114 mm) gun (later removed on five Batch 3. Removed in all Batch 1 and 2 ships) 2 x 40 mm gun (Later removed from Batch 1 and 2 ships. Also removed from five Batch 3 ships) Image File history File links Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... 2 x 20 mm gun (Batch 1 and 2. One x 20 mm gun later added to Batch 3 ships) Sea Cat anti-air missile launcher (Batch 1 and 2. Removed from five Batch 3s) Sea Cat Type surface-to-air Nationality United Kingdom Era Cold War Launch platform Ship Target aircraft History Builder Short Brothers Date of design Production period Service duration 1962 - Operators UK Variants Fire Control (see text) Number built Specifications Type close range anti-aircraft Diameter 0. ... Sea Wolf anti-air missile launcher (Five Batch 3 ships) Type surface-to-air Nationality UK Era Cold War Launch platform ship Target missile, aircraft History Builder BAe, MDBA Date of design Production period Service duration 1979 - Operators UK, Brazil and Chile Variants Electronics; GWS-25, GWS-26, GWS-27 Vertical Launch Number built Specifications Type Diameter 0. ... Exocet anti-ship missile launcher (Batch 2 and five Batch 3s) The Exocet is a French-built anti-ship missile whose various versions can be launched from surface vessels, submarines, and airplanes. ... Mk 10 Limbo mortar (Batch 1. Later removed from all Batch 2s and five Batch 3s) Limbo was the name for the final development of allied anti-submarine weapon during World War 2. ... Ikara ASW missile launcher (Batch 1) The Ikara missile was an Australian ship-launched anti-submarine missile, named after an Australian Aborigine word for a throwing stick. The missile concept is quite Disimilar to the American RUM-139 ASROC. It was powered by a two stage solid-fuel rocket engine and guided by radio until it...
Aircraft:	1 Westland Wasp (Batch 2 and 3 were later refitted to operate Westland Lynx)

The Leander class, informally known as the Type 12M, comprising twenty-six frigates, was arguably the most successful and popular class of frigates in the Royal Navy's modern history. The class was built in three batches between 1960 and 1968, each batch with a distinct role. It had an unusually high public profile, due to the popular and acclaimed Warship BBC television drama series. Westland Wasp The Westland Wasp was a general purpose helicopter, basically a derivative of the British Army Scout helicopter, with the requirement of being small enough to land on Royal Navy frigates. ... The Westland Lynx is a helicopter designed by Westland and built at Westlands factory in Yeovil, first flying on 21 March 1971 as the Westland WG.13. ... For the bird, see Frigatebird. ... The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the oldest of the British armed services (and is therefore the Senior Service). ... Warship was a British television series produced by the BBC between 1973 and 1977. ... The British Broadcasting Corporation, usually known as the BBC (and also informally known as the Beeb or Auntie) is one of the largest broadcasting corporations in the world in terms of audience numbers, employing 26,000 staff in the UK alone and with a budget of more than £4 billion. ...

The first batch, comprising 8 ships and built between 1963 and 1965, were general purpose alternatives to the far more expensive single-role classes such as the Rothesay class frigates and Whitby class frigates. They had a Y100 engine design, which would be replaced in the subsequent two batches, as well as much improved accommodation for the crew, including air conditioning. They also were designed from the start to operate one helicopter, a feature rather rare at that time. Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... The Type-12 Whitby class were a six-ship class of anti-submarine warfare (ASW) frigates of the Royal Navy. ... Robinson Helicopter Company (USA) R44, a four seat development of the R22 A helicopter is an aircraft which is lifted and propelled by one or more horizontal rotors, each having two or more rotor blades. ...

They were originally armed with one twin mount 4.5 in (114 mm) gun, but this was later removed in favour of the Australian designed Ikara anti-submarine warfare (ASW) rocket launcher in response to the perceived threat of Soviet submarines, effectively turning the batch one vessels into ASW frigates. The Sea Cat missile was also installed, replacing the 40 mm guns. The Ikara missile was an Australian ship-launched anti-submarine missile, named after an Australian Aborigine word for a throwing stick. The missile concept is quite Disimilar to the American RUM-139 ASROC. It was powered by a two stage solid-fuel rocket engine and guided by radio until it... Anti-submarine warfare (ASW or in older forms A/S) is a branch of naval warfare that uses surface warships, aircraft or other submarines to find, track and then damage or destroy enemy submarines. ... The Soviet Navy (Russian: Военно-морской флот СССР, Voyenno-morskoy flot SSSR, literally Naval military forces of the USSR) was the naval arm of the Soviet armed forces. ... Sea Cat Type surface-to-air Nationality United Kingdom Era Cold War Launch platform Ship Target aircraft History Builder Short Brothers Date of design Production period Service duration 1962 - Operators UK Variants Fire Control (see text) Number built Specifications Type close range anti-aircraft Diameter 0. ...

The second batch, comprising 8 ships (1966 to 1967), were designed for the specialised anti-submarine warfare (ASW) role and were only slightly revised to the batch ones, in that they had a different engine design, known as the Y136. The one twin mount 4.5-in gun was later replaced with the Exocet anti-ship missile launcher giving them a potent anti-ship capability. The SeaCat missile and 6 torpedo tubes were also added. The ASW mortar was also removed to allow the helicopter deck to be extended to enable the class to operate the larger, and more capable, Westland Lynx. The Exocet is a French-built anti-ship missile whose various versions can be launched from surface vessels, submarines, and airplanes. ... RBS-15 missile launched from a Sisu missile carriage. ... The Westland Lynx is a helicopter designed by Westland and built at Westlands factory in Yeovil, first flying on 21 March 1971 as the Westland WG.13. ...

The third batch, comprising 10 ships (1968 to 1973), had an increased beam of 43ft (versus the 41ft beam of the first 2 batches) to give more internal space and improved stability. This also allowed the Batch Threes to be more receptive to modernisation.

The third batch had a different engine design, known as the Y160. On five ships of the batch, the one twin mount 4.5 in (114 mm) gun, SeaCat missile launcher, 40 mm guns, and Limbo mortar were all removed in favour of three Oerlikon 20 mm guns, and Sea Wolf missile and Exocet missile launchers. The 20 mm Oerlikon gun was added to all Batch Three ships. The design of the Oerlikon 20mm cannon, by Reinhold Becker dates back to 1914, and is still in use today, after having been used extensively during the Second World War. ... Type surface-to-air Nationality UK Era Cold War Launch platform ship Target missile, aircraft History Builder BAe, MDBA Date of design Production period Service duration 1979 - Operators UK, Brazil and Chile Variants Electronics; GWS-25, GWS-26, GWS-27 Vertical Launch Number built Specifications Type Diameter 0. ...

Leander-class frigates were also successfully exported under license to Australia as the River class destroyer escort, Chile as the Condell class frigate, India, the Netherlands as the Van Speijk class frigate, New Zealand and South Africa. Ex-RN ships were sold to Chile, Ecuador, New Zealand (HMS Bacchante/HMNZS Wellington) , India and Pakistan. The River class was the name given to a class of six related Type 12 and Leander class frigates of the Royal Australian Navy. ... The Condell class was the name given to a class of two refitted Leander class frigates of the Chilean Navy, Almirante Condell & Almirante Lynch. They are the ships ordered by the Chilean goverment in 1969 as ASW frigates. ... The Van Speijk class frigate were built for the Royal Netherlands Navy in the 1960s. ...

The ships performed excellently in RN service, with relatively low noise levels giving the 2030(I) towed sonar mounted during the 1970s a range of more than 100 miles, better than that of the more advanced 2030(Z) sonar when fitted in the Type 22 class. However, all Leanders in RN service were decommissioned by the early 1990s due to ships' aging design and high crew size, combined with yet another RN manpower crisis and defence cuts. Some Leanders remain in service with foreign navies. HMS Scylla was sunk 27 March 2004 as an artificial reef off Cornwall. It had been ten years since her decommissioning in 1994. They remain in service with Chile, Ecuador, India(Nilgiri Class), Indonesia (ex- Netherlands Van Speijk Class) and Pakistan. The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, inclusive. ... A group of Type 22s, with HMS Coventry in the foreground HMS Chatham, the last of the Batch 3 Type 22s, at the International Fleet Review, 2005 The Type 22 Broadsword class frigates are a class of warships built for the Royal Navy. ... Germans dancing on the Berlin Wall in late 1989, the symbol of the cold war divide falls down as the world unites in the 1990s. ... Cornwall (Cornish: Kernow) is a county in South West England on the peninsula that lies to the west of the River Tamar. ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by United Nations. ...

HMNZS Canterbury, the last steam-turbine driven Leander class frigate in the Royal New Zealand Navy, was decommissioned in Auckland on 31 March 2005 after 33 years operational service. In 2006 it was announced that the ship is to be sunk as a dive attraction in the Bay of Islands.

See also

• Warship, a BBC television drama series

Warship was a British television series produced by the BBC between 1973 and 1977. ... The British Broadcasting Corporation, usually known as the BBC (and also informally known as the Beeb or Auntie) is one of the largest broadcasting corporations in the world in terms of audience numbers, employing 26,000 staff in the UK alone and with a budget of more than £4 billion. ...

External links

• Hazegray.org on the Leander class
• An unofficial Leander Class Frigate Site

Leander class variants

The Sea Wolf is a naval missile, MBDA is the prime contractor. ... The Exocet is a French-built anti-ship missile whose various versions can be launched from surface vessels, submarines, and airplanes. ... Sea Cat is a surface to air missile system intended for use aboard small warships. ... The Exocet is a French-built anti-ship missile whose various versions can be launched from surface vessels, submarines, and airplanes. ... The Ikara missile was an Australian ship-launched anti-submarine missile, named after an Australian Aborigine word for a throwing stick. The missile concept is quite Disimilar to the American RUM-139 ASROC. It was powered by a two stage solid-fuel rocket engine and guided by radio until it... HMS Andromeda (F57) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy. ... HMS Argonaut (F56) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy. ... HMS Ajax (F114) was a Leander class frigate of the Royal Navy. ... HMS Achilles (F12) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy. ... HMS Charybdis (F75) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy (RN). ... HMS Cleopatra (F28) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy (RN). ... HMS Arethusa (F38) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy (RN). ... HMS Apollo (F70) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy (RN). ... HMS Hermione (F58) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy (RN). ... HMS Danae (F47) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy (RN). ... HMS Aurora (F10) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy (RN). ... HMS Ariadne (F72) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy (RN). ... HMS Jupiter (F60) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy (RN). ... HMS Juno (F52) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy (RN). ... HMS Dido (F104) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy (RN). ... HMS Bacchante (F69) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy. ... HMS Penelope (F127) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy (RN). ... HMS Minerva (F45) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy. ... HMS Euryalus (F15) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy (RN). ... HMS Diomede (F16) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy (RN). ... HMS Scylla (F71) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy (RN). ... HMS Phoebe (F42) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy (RN). ... HMS Galatea (F18) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy. ... HMS Sirius (F40) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy (RN) built by H.M. Dockyard Portsmouth, and was the penultimate RN warship to be built there as of 2005 (although Vosper Thorneycroft have since begun building HMS Clyde at a private facility in Portsmouth ). She was launched... HMS Leander (F109) was the nameship of the Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy (RN). ... HMS Naiad (F39) was a Leander-class frigate of the Royal Navy (RN). ...