The Left Radical Party (French: Parti Radical de Gauche or PRG) is a minor French centre-left, social-liberal party with moderate views, formed in 1972 by a split from the Radical, Republican and Radical-Socialists Party, once the dominant party of the French left. Social liberalism is either a synonym for new liberalism or a label used by progressive liberal parties in order to differentiate themselves from the more conservative liberal parties, especially when there are two or more liberal parties in a country. ... The Radical Party (Parti Radical or Républicains Radicaux et Radicaux-Socialistes, Radical Republicans and Radical Socialists), was a major French political party of the early to mid 20th century, originally considered radical due to its anti-clericalism. ...

1901 foundation and gathering of the radical republicans

Radicalism was already a well-established movement in France before the Radical Party itself was established in 1901 in wake of the Dreyfus Affair. The government of René Waldeck-Rousseau, which was dominated by Radicals (although Waldeck-Rousseau himself was not a Radical) had been responsible for major reforms since 1899 and the creation of the Radical Party was an attempt to regroup all the radical republicans into a unified political force to support his government against the political influences of the Roman Catholic Church and the right. It was successful, and Waldeck-Rousseau's successors, Émile Combes and Maurice Rouvier, maintained a radical agenda, culminating in the 1905 laws on secularity which formed the backbone of laïcité, France's separation of church and state. 1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... The Dreyfus affair was a political scandal which divided France during the 1890s and early 1900s. ... Pierre Marie René Ernest Waldeck-Rousseau (December 2, 1846 - August 20, 1904) was a French statesman. ... Year 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday [1] of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Wycliffe Tyndale · Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      The Roman Catholic Church... Émile Combes, French politician Émile Combes (1835 - 1921) was a French statesman. ... Maurice Rouvier, French statesman Maurice Rouvier (April 17, 1842 - June 7, 1911) was a French statesman. ... 1905 caricature depicting the separation of the church and state. ... Motto of the French republic on the tympanum of a church, in Aups (Var département) which was installed after the 1905 law on the Separation of the State and the Church. ...

For the latter part of the Third Republic (1870-1940), the Radicals, generally representing anti-clerical peasant and petit bourgeois voters, were usually the largest party in parliament, but with their anti-clerical agenda accomplished, the party lacked any real guiding force. Its leader before World War I (1914-18), Joseph Caillaux, was generally more noted for his advocacy of better relations with Germany than for his reformist agenda. The French Third Republic, (in French, La Troisième République, sometimes written as La IIIe République) (1870/75-10 July 1940) was the governing body of France between the Second French Empire and the Vichy Regime. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ... French politician Joseph Caillaux Joseph-Marie-Auguste Caillaux (March 30, 1863 - November 21/22, 1944) was a major French politician of the Third Republic. ...

After World War I: from the Cartels des gauches to the overthrow of the Republic

By the end of the First World War the Radicals, now led by Édouard Herriot, were generally a moderate center-left party. In 1924 and again in 1932, the Radicals formed electoral alliances with the Socialists, but then gradually drifted right over the life of the parliament, moving from Radical governments supported by the non-participating Socialists (called "Cartels des gauches" or "Coalitions of the Left" - 1924-1926, 1932-1934) to coalitions with more conservative parties (1926-1928, 1934-1936). The second Cartel des gauches fell on 7 February 1934, following riots organized by the far-right leagues of the night before. Radical Camille Chautemps's government had been replaced by a government led by his popular party rival Édouard Daladier in January, after accusations of corruption against Chautemps' government in the wake of the Stavisky Affair and other similar scandals. French politician Édouard Herriot Édouard Herriot (July 5, 1872 at Troyes, France - March 26, 1957 at Lyon, France) was a French Radical politician of the Third Republic who served three times as Prime Minister and for many years as President of the Chamber of Deputies. ... 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar). ... Year 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1932 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The emblem of the French Socialist Party The Socialist Party (Parti Socialiste or PS), founded in 1969, is the main opposition party in France. ... The Cartel des gauches (French for Left-wing Coalition) designed the governmental alliance between the Radical-Socialist Party and the socialist SFIO after World War I (1914-18), which lasted until the end of the Popular Front (1936-38). ... February 7 is the 38th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The 6 February 1934 crisis refers to an anti-parliamentarist demonstration organised in Paris by far-right leagues (antiparliamentarian militias), which finished by a riot on Place de la Concorde, which is located on the Right Bank of the Seine, in front of the Palais Bourbon, seat of the National... Camille Chautemps, French politician Camille Chautemps (February 1, 1885 at Paris - July 1, 1963 at Washington, US) French Radical Politician of the Third Republic, three times Prime Minister. ... French politician Édouard Daladier Édouard Daladier (June 18, 1884 - October 10, 1970) was a French politician, and Prime Minister of France at the start of the Second World War. ... The Stavisky Affair was a series of demonstrations and riots in Paris, which occurred on February 6, 1934 against the Socialist government in France at the time. ...

This pattern of initial alliance with a socialist party unwilling to join in active government, followed by disillusionment and alliance with the right seemed to be broken in 1936, when the Popular Front electoral alliance with the Socialists and the Communists led to the accession of Socialist leader Léon Blum as Prime Minister in a coalition government in which the Radical leaders Camille Chautemps and Édouard Daladier (representing respectively the left and right of the Radical Party) took important roles. Over the tempestuous life of the coalition, however, the Radicals began to become concerned at the perceived radicalism of their coalition partners. Hence they opposed themselves to Blum's intention to help the Republicans during the Spanish Civil War (1936-39), forcing him to adopt a non-interventionist policy. Following the failure of Blum's second government in April 1938, Daladier formed a new government in coalition with conservative parties. After the 29 September 1938 Munich Agreement, which handed over the Sudetenland to Germany in exchange for what proved to be a temporary peace, Daladier was acclaimed at his return to Paris as the man who had avoided the war. However, with the invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939, the French government led by Daladier, making good its guarantees to Poland, declared war alongside Britain two days later. Following the 23 August 1939 Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact between Germany and the Soviet Union, Daladier engaged in an anti-communist policy, banning the French Communist Party (PCF) and the Party's newspaper, L'Humanité. Furthermore, Daladier moved increasingly to the right, notably repealing the 40 hour work week, which had been the Popular Front's most visible accomplishment. Daladier eventually resigned on March 1940, and took part in Paul Reynaud's (Alliance démocratique, center-right) government as minister of National Defense and of War. After the defeat of the Battle of France, the French army being overwhelmed by the Nazi Blitzkrieg, the French government declared Paris an "open city" on 10 June and flew to Bordeaux. The same month, Daladier escaped to Morocco in the Massilia. Thus, he wasn't there during the suspicious 10 July 1940 vote of full powers, which Charles de Gaulle and several historians (Michel Winock, etc.) refused to recognize, arguing that although it had superficially respected legality, it had taken place amid lies from Pierre Laval, pressure on deputies, and the absence of main political figures such as Daladier. 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... A popular front is a broad coalition of different political groupings, often made up of leftists and centrists who are united by opposition to another group (most often fascist or far-right groups). ... This does not cite any references or sources. ... Léon Blum Léon Blum (9 April 1872 - 30 March 1950), was the Prime Minister of France three times: from 1936 to 1937, for one month in 1938, and from December 1946 to January 1947. ... Camille Chautemps, French politician Camille Chautemps (February 1, 1885 at Paris - July 1, 1963 at Washington, US) French Radical Politician of the Third Republic, three times Prime Minister. ... French politician Édouard Daladier Édouard Daladier (June 18, 1884 - October 10, 1970) was a French politician, and Prime Minister of France at the start of the Second World War. ... Combatants Spanish Republic With the support of: Soviet Union[1] Nationalist Spain With the support of: Italy Germany Commanders Manuel Azaña Francisco Largo Caballero Juan Negrín Francisco Franco Gonzalo Queipo de Llano Emilio Mola José Sanjurjo Casualties 500,000[2] The Spanish Civil War was a major conflict... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... September 29 is the 272nd day of the year (273rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... For the annual global security meeting held in Munich, see Munich Conference on Security Policy Chamberlain holds the paper containing the resolution to commit to peaceful methods signed by both Hitler and himself on his return from Germany in September 1938. ... It has been suggested that Germans in Czechoslovakia (1918-1938) be merged into this article or section. ... Combatants Poland Germany, Slovakia, Soviet Union Commanders Edward Rydz-ÅšmigÅ‚y Fedor von Bock (Army Group North), Gerd von Rundstedt (Army Group South), Mikhail Kovalov (Belorussian Front), Semyon Timoshenko (Ukrainian Front), Ferdinand ÄŒatloÅ¡ (Field Army Bernolak) Strength 39 divisions, 16 brigades, 4,300 guns, 880 tanks, 400 aircraft Total: 950... September 1 is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years). ... Year 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 23 is the 235th day of the year (236th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Molotov signs the German-Soviet non-aggression pact. ... Anti-communism is opposition to communist ideology, organization, or government, on either a theoretical or practical level. ... This does not cite any references or sources. ... LHumanité (Humanity), formerly the daily newspaper of the French Communist Party (PCF), was founded in 1904 by Jean Jaurès, a leader of the SFIO socialist party. ... Also known as the Magna Carta of French Labor, the Matignon Accords of 1936 were an agreement to help the French Labor movement. ... Paul Reynaud (October 15, 1878 - September 21, 1966) was a French politician and lawyer prominent in the interwar period, noted for his stances on economic liberalism and militant opposition to Germany. ... The Democratic Republican Alliance (Alliance démocratique, AD, or Alliance républicaine démocratique, ARD) was a French political party (1901-1978) created in 1901 by followers of Léon Gambetta, such as Raymond Poincaré who would be president of the Council in the 1920s. ... Combatants  France  United Kingdom  Canada  Czechoslovakia  Poland  Belgium  Netherlands  Luxembourg Germany Italy Commanders Maurice Gamelin, Maxime Weygand (French) Lord Gort (British Expeditionary Force) Leopold III (Belgian) H.G. Winkelman (Dutch) Gerd von Rundstedt (Army Group A) Fedor von Bock (Army Group B) Wilhelm von Leeb (Army Group C) H.R... The defining characteristic of what is commonly known as Blitzkrieg is that it is a highly mobile form of mechanized warfare. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Paris Eiffel tower as seen from the esplanade du Trocadéro. ... June 10 is the 161st day of the year (162nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... The Vichy 80 refers to a minority group of French elected officials who, on July 10, 1940, voted against the constitutional change that dissolved the Third Republic and established the Nazi Germanys puppet state of Vichy France. ... July 10 is the 191st day of the year (192nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Michel Winock (1937) is a French historian, whom studied among others things on anti-Semitism and far right movements. ... Pierre Laval, prime minister of Vichy France Pierre Laval (28 June 1883 – 15 October 1945) was a French politician and four times Prime Minister of France, the final time being under the Vichy government. ...

The Fourth Republic (1940-1958)

After World War II (1939-45), the Radicals, like many of the other political parties, were discredited by their support for granting emergency powers to Marshal Pétain on 10 July 1940, which led to the instauration of the Vichy regime (Etat Français), this despite the ambivalence of such senior radical leaders as Edouard Herriot, the President of the Chamber of Deputies. Edouard Daladier was judged in 1942 by the Vichy regime during the Riom Trial, which accused him of being morally and strategically responsible of the defeat of France, among others political leaders such as socialist (SFIO) Léon Blum and conservative Paul Reynaud. After the war, the Party was reconstituted, and formed one of the important parties of the Fourth Republic (1946-58), but never recovered their dominant pre-war position. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Philippe Petain Henri Philippe Benoni Omer Joseph Pétain (24 April 1856 – 23 July 1951), generally known as Philippe Pétain or Marshal Pétain, was a French general, later Head of State of Vichy France, from 1940 to 1944. ... July 10 is the 191st day of the year (192nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Motto Travail, famille, patrie French: Work, family, fatherland Unoccupied zone of Vichy France (until November 1942) Capital Vichy Language(s) French Religion Roman Catholic Government Dictatorship Head of state  - 1940 — 1944 Philippe Pétain President of the Council  - 1940 — 1942 Philippe Pétain  - 1942 - 1944 Pierre Laval Legislature National Assembly... Léon Blum Édouard Daladier The Riom Trial (February 19, 1942 - May 21, 1943) was an attempt by the regime of Vichy France headed by Marshall Pétain to prove that the leaders of the French Third Republic (1870-1940), and particularly the leaders of the Popular Front government elected... Combatants  France  United Kingdom  Canada  Czechoslovakia  Poland  Belgium  Netherlands  Luxembourg Germany Italy Commanders Maurice Gamelin, Maxime Weygand (French) Lord Gort (British Expeditionary Force) Leopold III (Belgian) H.G. Winkelman (Dutch) Gerd von Rundstedt (Army Group A) Fedor von Bock (Army Group B) Wilhelm von Leeb (Army Group C) H.R... The Section Française de lInternationale Ouvrière (SFIO, French section of the Workers International), founded in 1905, was a French socialist political party, designed as the local section of the Second International (i. ... Léon Blum Léon Blum (9 April 1872 - 30 March 1950), was the Prime Minister of France three times: from 1936 to 1937, for one month in 1938, and from December 1946 to January 1947. ... Paul Reynaud (October 15, 1878 - September 21, 1966) was a French politician and lawyer prominent in the interwar period, noted for his stances on economic liberalism and militant opposition to Germany. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ...

In the early years of the Fourth Republic the party returned to the moderate left under the leadership of Pierre Mendès-France (PMF), a strong opponent of French colonialism whose premiership from 1954 to 1955 saw France's withdrawal from Indochina and working out an agreement for French withdrawal from Tunisia. Mendès-France, a very popular figure who helped renew the Radical-Socialist Party after its discredit, had been elected on a program of stopping the Indochina War (1946-54). Mendès-France hoped to make the Radicals the party of the mainstream left in France, taking advantage of the difficulties of the SFIO socialist party. The more conservative elements in the party, led by Edgar Faure, resisted these policies, leading to the fall of Mendès-France's government in 1955. Another split, this time over France's policy at the beginning of the Algerian War (1954-62), where Mendès-France opposed the hard-line policies of Socialist prime minister Guy Mollet, led to his resignation as party leader, and the party's move in a distinctly conservative direction. Pierre Mendès France Pierre Mendès France (Paris, 11 January 1907 - 18 October 1982), French politician, was born in Paris, into a family of Portuguese Sephardic Jewish origin. ... France had colonial possessions, in various forms, from the beginning of the 17th century until the 1960s. ... Year 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Flag Capital Hanoi Language(s) French Political structure Federation Historical era New Imperialism  - Established 1887  - Addition of Laos 1893  - Vietnam Declaration of Independence September 2, 1945  - Independence of Laos July 19, 1949  - Independence of Cambodia November 9, 1953  - Disestablished 1954 Area  - 1945 750,000 km2 289,577 sq mi Currency... Combatants French Union France State of Vietnam Viet Minh Commanders Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque (1945-46) Jean-Étienne Valluy (1946-8) Roger Blaizot (1948-9) Marcel-Maurice Carpentier (1949-50) Jean de Lattre de Tassigny (1950-51) Raoul Salan (1952-3) Henri Navarre (1953-4) Ho Chi Minh Vo Nguyen... The Section Française de lInternationale Ouvrière (SFIO, French section of the Workers International), founded in 1905, was a French socialist political party, designed as the local section of the Second International (i. ... Edgar Faure, French statesman Edgar Faure (August 18, 1908 - March 30, 1988) was a French statesman. ... The Algerian War of Independence (1954–62) was a period of guerrilla strikes, maquis fighting, terrorism against civilians on both sides, and riots between the French army and colonists in Algeria and the FLN (Front de Libération Nationale) and other pro-independence Algerians. ... Guy Mollet (31 December 1905 - 3 October 1975), French politician, was born in Flers, in Normandy, the son of a textile worker. ...

The Fourth Republic was characterized by constant parliamentary instability because of the divisions of the different political parties on the issues of the Algerian War, which until the 1990s was officially called a "public order operation". Leader of the left-wing of the radical party Pierre Mendès France opposed the war and colonialism, while the right-wing of the SFIO led by Guy Mollet supported it. Because of the beginning of the Cold War, all political parties, even the SFIO, opposed the French Communist Party (PCF), which was very popular due to its role during the Resistance (it was known as the parti des 75 000 fusillés, or "party of the 75 000 executed people"). The PCF was also opposed to "French Algeria" and supported its independence. In the midst of this parliamentary instability and divisions of the political class, Charles de Gaulle took advantage of the May 13, 1958 crisis to return to power. On 13 May European colonists seized the governor general's building in Alger, while Opération Résurrection was launched by the right-wing insurrectionary Comité de Salut Public. De Gaulle, who had deserted the political arena during a decade by disgust over the parliamentary system and its chronic unstability (the système des partis which he severely criticized), appeared on this day as the only man able to reconciliate the far-right and the European colons, which were threatening Paris of a coup d'état, with the Republic. He was thus called to power and proclaimed the end of the Fourth Republic, according to him too weak because of its parliamentarism, and replaced it by the Fifth Republic, a hybrid presidential-parliamentary system tailored for himself. The Radicals party supported him at this crucial moment, which led Pierre Mendès-France to quit the party, while François Mitterrand would later write the Coup d'Etat permanent ("The Permanent Coup d'Etat") to describe this quasi-putsch ^[1]. Opposed to the constitution project presented by de Gaulle, Mendès-France campaigned for the "no" at the 28 September 1958 referendum. However, the new Constitution was finally adopted and proclaimed on 4 October 1958. It has been suggested that Benign colonialism be merged into this article or section. ... For other uses, see Cold War (disambiguation). ... This does not cite any references or sources. ... French rule in Algeria lasted from 1830 to 1962, under a variety of governmental systems. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... May 13 is the 133rd day of the year (134th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Alger may refer to: People Alger Hiss (1904-1996), a controversial US political figure Alger of Liège (1055-1131), a French Roman Catholic priest David Alger (1943-2001), former head of Fred Alger Management Fanny Alger, believed to be the first plural wife of Joseph Smith, Jr. ... Insurrection could refer to: * in a general sense, it means Rebellion * it is also a title of a Star Trek film, see Star Trek: Insurrection ... // A coup dÉtat (pronounced ), or simply coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government, often through illegal means by a part of the state establishment — mostly replacing just the high-level figures. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... For the pop band, see Presidents of the United States of America. ...   IPA: (October 26, 1916 – January 8, 1996) was President of France from 1981 to 1995, elected as representative of the Socialist Party (PS). ... A coup détat, or simply a coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government, usually done by a small group that just replaces the top power figures. ... September 28 is the 271st day of the year (272nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Elections Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A referendum (plural: referendums or referenda) or plebiscite (from Latin plebiscita, originally a decree of the Concilium Plebis) is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. ... The current Constitution of France was adopted on October 4, 1958, and has been amended 17 times, most recently on March 28, 2003. ... October 4 is the 277th day of the year (278th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The Fifth Republic (1958)

Popular figure Pierre Mendès-France (or PMF as he was familiarly called) thus quit the Radical-Socialist Party, which had crossed the threshold to the center-right, as had the early moderate Republicans at the beginning of the Third Republic, when the Radical-Socialist Party appearing to their left pushed them over the border between the left-wing and the right-wing, a process dubbed "sinistrisme". Mendès-France then founded the Centre d'Action Démocratique (CAD), which would later join the Parti socialiste autonome (PSA, which had split from the SFIO socialist party), which in turn would fuse into the Parti socialiste unifié (PSU) on 3 April 1960. This new socialist party thus gathered all the dissidents from the Radical-Socialist Party and the SFIO whom were opposed both to the Algerian War and to the proclamation of the new presidential regime. Mendès-France would become officially member of the PSU in 1961, a year before the 18 March 1962 Evian Accords which put an end to the Algerian War. Republicanism is the ideology of governing a nation as a republic, with an emphasis on liberty, rule by the people, and the civic virtue practiced by citizens. ... Sinistrisme is a neologism invented by Albert Thibaudet in Les idées politiques de la France (1932). ... The French Section of the Workers International (Section Française de lInternationale Ouvrière, SFIO), founded in 1905, was a French socialist political party, designed as the local section of the Second International (i. ... The Unified Socialist Party (French: Parti Socialiste Unifié, PSU) was a socialist political party in France, founded on April 3, 1960. ... April 3 is the 93rd day of the year (94th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 272 days remaining. ... 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1960 calendar). ... March 18 is the 77th day of the year (78th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... -1...

The Radical-Socialist Party supported the 1958 come back of Charles de Gaulle, then returned in opposition in 1959. It declined in the 1960s. Allied with the SFIO in the Federation of the Democratic and Socialist Left, it supported François Mitterrand at the 1965 presidential election. This federation split in 1968. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Federation of the Democratic and Socialist Left (Fédération de la gauche démocrate et socialiste or FGDS) was a conglomerate of French center-left non-Communist forces. ...   IPA: (October 26, 1916 – January 8, 1996) was President of France from 1981 to 1995, elected as representative of the Socialist Party (PS). ... The 1965 French presidential election was the first presidential election by direct universal suffrage of the French Fifth Republic. ...

Under the leadership of Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber, the party again made tentative moves to the left in the 1970s, but stopped short of an alliance with Socialist François Mitterrand and his Communist allies, leading to a final split in 1972, when the remaining left-wing Radicals left the party, becoming eventually the Movement of the Radical-Socialist Left Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber, often referred to as JJSS (February 13, 1924 - November 7, 2006), was a French journalist and politician. ... The emblem of the French Socialist Party The Socialist Party (Parti Socialiste or PS), founded in 1969, is the main opposition party in France. ...   IPA: (October 26, 1916 – January 8, 1996) was President of France from 1981 to 1995, elected as representative of the Socialist Party (PS). ... This does not cite any references or sources. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The PRG, originally known as the Movement of the Radical-Socialist Left (Mouvement de la Gauche Radicale-Socialiste) then as the Movement of Left Radicals (Mouvement des Radicaux de Gauche), retains some support among middle-class voters and in traditional Radical areas in the south-west, but it only gains parliamentary representation by courtesy of the Socialist Party, with which it has been in close alliance since 1982, often running joint lists. Its President is Jean-Michel Baylet and its Secretary-General is Elisabeth Boyer. Christiane Taubira was the PRG candidate during the 2002 presidential election, and she gained 2.32% of the voices. Taubira gave her name to the 2001 law which declared the Atlantic slave trade a crime against humanity. The emblem of the French Socialist Party The Socialist Party (Parti Socialiste or PS), founded in 1969, is the main opposition party in France. ... Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... Christiane Taubira (February 2, 1952, Cayenne, French Guiana -) is a French politician. ... (Redirected from 2002 French presidential election) This article needs cleanup. ... The Atlantic slave trade, first begun with the Portuguese[1], was the selling of African slaves by Europeans that occurred in and around the Atlantic Ocean. ... In international law, a crime against humanity consists of acts of persecution or any large scale atrocities against a body of people, as being the criminal offence above all others. ...

Presidents

• Robert Fabre (1972-1978)
• Michel Crépeau (1978-1981)
• Roger-Gérard Schwartzenberg (1981-1983)
• Jean-Michel Baylet (1983-1985)
• François Doubin (1985-1988)
• Yvon Collin (1988-1989)
• Émile Zuccarelli (1989-1992)
• Jean-François Hory (1992-1996)
• Jean-Michel Baylet (1996-...)

Roger-Gérard Schwartzenberg (born April 17, 1943) is a French politician. ...

See also

• Radicalism (historical)
• Contributions to liberal theory
• Liberalism worldwide
• List of liberal parties
• Liberal democracy
• Liberalism and radicalism in France
• Bernard Tapie

The term Radical (latin radix meaning root) was used from the late 18th century for proponents of the Radical Movement and has since been used as a label in political science for those favouring or trying to produce thoroughgoing political reforms which can include changes to the social order to... Contributions to liberal theory is a partial list of individual contributions on a worldwide scale. ... This article discusses liberalism as a major political current in specific regions and countries. ... This is an overview of parties that adhere more or less (explicitly) to the ideas of political liberalism and is therefore a list of liberal parties around the world. ... Liberal democracy is a form of government. ... This article gives an overview of liberalism and radicalism in France. ... Bernard Tapie (born January 26, 1943 in Paris) is a French businessman, politician and occasional actor, singer, and TV host. ...

External link

• Left Radical Party official site