Legio III Augusta was a Roman legion levied by Augustus in 43 BC. Activity of this legion in the African Roman provinces, its principal theatre of operations, is still mentioned in late 4th century, early 5th century. Among the emblems of the legion were the winged horse Pegasus and the Capricorn. The Roman legion (from the Latin legio, meaning levy) was the basic military unit of ancient Rome. ... Augustus (plural Augusti) is Latin for majestic or venerable. The greek equivalent is sebastos, or a mere grecization (by changing of the ending) augustos. ... Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC - 40s BC - 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC 0s BC 0s Years: 48 BC 47 BC 46 BC 45 BC 44 BC 43 BC 42 BC 41 BC 40 BC... (3rd century - 4th century - 5th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 4th century was that century which lasted from 301 to 400. ... (4th century - 5th century - 6th century - other centuries) // Events Rome sacked by Visigoths in 410. ...

The III Augusta was probably present in the battle of Philippi in 42 BC, where Augustus and Mark Antony defeated the army of the senators that conspired to murder Julius Caesar. After this victory, the III Augusta stayed under the command of Augustus, probably in Sicily, where Sextus Pompeius, son of Pompey had started a rebellion. For the American Civil War battle, see Battle of Philippi Races. ... Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC - 40s BC - 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC 0s BC 0s Years: 47 BC 46 BC 45 BC 44 BC 43 BC 42 BC 41 BC 40 BC 39 BC... Bust of Mark Antony Marcus Antonius (Latin: M·ANTONIVS·M·F·M·N¹) (c. ... Bust of Julius Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar (Classical Latin: IMP·C·IVLIVS·CAESAR·DIVVS¹) (b. ... Sextus Pompeius Magnus Pius, in English Sextus Pompey, was a Roman general from the late Republic (1st century BC). ... This article refers to the General of the Roman republic. ...

From 30 BC onwards, Legio III Augusta was stationed in the province of Africa. The legion was involved mainly in construction activities. Although Africa was a traditionally peaceful part of the Empire, between 17 and 24 AD, they were involved in the war against the mutinous Numidian and Mauritanian tribes. In 18 AD, a subunit was destroyed in a guerrilla attack. This disaster was probably due to cowardly behaviour, because afterwards, the entire legion was punished by decimation, that is, the killing of every tenth legionary. This procedure was the most serious action a commander could impose on his soldiers and rarely used. After that, IX Hispana was sent to reinforce Africa and by 24 AD the rebellion was over. Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC 40s BC - 30s BC - 20s BC 10s BC 0s 10s 20s Years: 35 BC 34 BC 33 BC 32 BC 31 BC 30 BC 29 BC 28 BC 27 BC 26 BC... The Roman Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Ancient Roman polity in the centuries following its reorganization under the leadership of Octavian (better known as Caesar Augustus). ... For other uses, see number 17. ... For other uses, see number 24. ... For other uses, see number 18. ... Decimation was a form of extreme military discipline imposed by officers in the Roman Army. ... A Legionary is a member of a legion. ... Legio IX Hispana was a Roman legion probably levied by Julius Caesar before 58 BC, for his Gallic wars. ... Categories: Historical stubs | Ancient Roman provinces ...

In the 1st century AD, Africa was the only province controlled by a senator, the proconsul governor. Thus, it was important for the Emperor that this man, also commander of III Augusta, would be loyal. Sulpicius Galba, emperor in the Year of the four emperors occupied the position between 45 and 46 AD. (1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century - other centuries) The 1st century was that century which lasted from 1 to 100. ... Head of Galba at Louvre. ... The forced suicide of emperor Nero, in 68 AD, was followed by a brief period of civil war (the first Roman civil war since Antonys death in 31 BC) known as the Year of the four emperors. ... For alternate uses, see Number 45. ... For alternate uses, see Number 46. ...

In the last years of the reign of Nero, Lucius Clodius Macer, proconsul of Africa, revolted and levied another legion, I Macriana liberatrix to join forces with III Augusta. In the confusing Year of the four emperors (69 AD), both legions supported first Galba, then Vitellius and finally Vespasian, although took no part in the battles in Italy. Nero Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (15 December 37–9 June 68), born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, also called (50–54 AD) Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus, was the fifth and last Roman Emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty. ... Lucius Clodius Macer was a legatus of the Roman Empire in Africa in the time of Nero. ... Legio I Macriana liberatrix (the liberators of Macer) was a Roman legion levied in Africa by the governor Lucius Clodius Macer in 68 AD. The purpose of the legion was to join forces with Legio III Augusta in a rebellion against emperor Nero. ... The forced suicide of emperor Nero, in 68 AD, was followed by a brief period of civil war (the first Roman civil war since Antonys death in 31 BC) known as the Year of the four emperors. ... Aulus Vitellius Germanicus (September 24 AD 15–December 22, 69) was Roman Emperor from April 17 69 to December 22 of the same year, one of the emperors in the Year of the four emperors. He was the son of Lucius Vitellius, who had been consul and governor of Syria... Emperor Vespasian Caesar Vespasianus Augustus (November 18, CE 9 – June 23, 79), originally known as Titus Flavius Vespasianus and best known as Vespasian, was the emperor of Rome from 69 to 79. ...

In 75 AD, Vespasian moved the camp of III Augusta from Ammaedara to Theveste. In the reign of Hadrian (117–138), the legion was stationed at Lambaesis in Numidia. The legion was to stay there for the next two centuries, guarding the province from the Berber tribes. Men from the III Augusta were occasionally used in several campaigns against Parthia. It is know also the presence of legionaries from this African legion in the Marcomannic campaign of Marcus Aurelius against the Hungarians. For other uses, see number 75. ... Emperor Hadrian Publius Aelius Traianus Hadrianus (January 24, 76 - July 10, 138), known as Hadrian in English, was Roman emperor from 117 - 138, and member of the gens Aelia. ... Events Emperor Trajan dies. ... Events February 25 - Roman emperor Hadrian adopted Antoninus Pius on condition that Antonius would adopt Marcus Annius Aurelius Verus. ... Roman Remains at Lambessa (19th cent. ... Numidia was an ancient African Berber kingdom and later a Roman province on the northern coast of Africa between the province of Africa (where Tunisia is now) and the province of Mauretania (which is now the western part of Algerias coastal area). ... Parthian Empire at its greatest extent, c60 BC. The Parthian Empire was the dominating force on the Iranian plateau beginning in the late 3rd century BCE, and intermittently controlled Mesopotamia between ca 190 BCE and 224 CE. Parthia was the arch-enemy of the Roman Empire in the East and... Marcus Aurelius alabaster bust. ...

In 193, emperor Septimius Severus, an African man, awarded the legion with the cognomen Pia Vindex (Faithful Avenger), by their action in the civil war that followed emperor Pertinax murder. Events June 1 – Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is assassinated in his palace. ... Emperor Septimius Severus Lucius Septimius Severus, (April 11, 146 - February 4, 211) was Roman emperor from April 9, 193 to 211. ... Pertinax (Archaeological museum, Antakya) Publius Helvius Pertinax (August 1, 126 - March 28, 193) was proclaimed Roman Emperor the morning following the assassination of Commodus on December 31, AD 192. ...

3rd century AD was a time of crisis for the III Augusta. First, it suffered heavy losses in a war against a desert tribe, having to receive reinforcements from the recently disbanded III Gallica. In 238 AD, the Year of the seven emperors, the legion suppressed the revolt of Gordian I and Gordian II, but was disbanded by their successor Gordian III. (2nd century - 3rd century - 4th century - other centuries) Events The Sassanid dynasty of Persia launches a war to reconquer lost lands in the Roman east. ... Legio III Gallica was a Roman legion levied by Julius Caesar around 49 BC, for his civil war against the conservative republicans led by Pompey. ... Events Carpians invade Moesia, Maximinus Thrax campaigns against them. ... Marcus Antonius Gordianus Sempronianus Romanus Africanus (around 159 - April 12, 238), known in English as Gordian I, was Roman Emperor during the year of 238. ... Marcus Antonius Gordianus Sempronianus Romanus Africanus (around 192 - April 12, 238), known in English as Gordian II, was Roman emperor during the year of 238. ... Gordian III Marcus Antonius Gordianus Pius (January 20, 225-244), known in English as Gordian III, was Roman emperor from 238 to 244. ...

In 252 AD, Valerian reconstituted the III Augusta with troops coming from Raetia and Noricum, and gave it cognomen Iterum Pia Iterum Vindex (Again faithful, again avenger). The purpose of this reconstitution was to wage a war against a federation of Berber tribes that threatened the empire. This war was over in 260 AD but between 289-297, the situation was once more out of hand and emperor Maximianus went to Africa to command the Numidian legions personally. Their presence in Africa appears in the sources until late 4th century, early 5th century. Events Sun Liang succeeds Sun Quan as king of the Chinese Kingdom of Wu. ... Valerian on a coin celebrating goddess Fortuna, associated with health and wealth. ... The Roman Empire ca. ... The Roman Empire ca. ... Events Valerian I captured by the Persian king Shapur I; Gallienus becomes sole Roman emperor. ... Events Constantius Chlorus married Flavia Maximiana Theodora, stepdaughter of Maximian after renouncing Helena, his wife and mother of Constantine the Great. ... Events Narseh of Persia and Diocletian conclude a peace treaty between Persia and Rome. ... Maximianus (d. ... (3rd century - 4th century - 5th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 4th century was that century which lasted from 301 to 400. ... (4th century - 5th century - 6th century - other centuries) // Events Rome sacked by Visigoths in 410. ...

See also: List of Roman legions, Roman legion This is a list of Roman legions. ... The Roman legion (from the Latin legio, meaning levy) was the basic military unit of ancient Rome. ...

External link

• livius.org account of Legio III Augusta