NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Leo VI the Wise

Leo VI "the Wise" or "the Philosopher" (Greek: Λέων ΣΤ΄, Leōn VI, Armenian: Լեւոն Զ. Փիլիսոփա, Իմաստուն^[1]), (September 19, 866 – May 11, 912) was Byzantine emperor from 886 to 912 during one of the most brilliant periods of the state's history. Image File history File links Follis-Leo_VI-sb1729. ... Image File history File links Follis-Leo_VI-sb1729. ... A follis of Galerius as caesar The follis (plural folles) was a large bronze coin introduced in about 294 with the coinage reform of Diocletian. ... is the 262nd day of the year (263rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events Fujiwara no Yoshifusa becomes regent of Japan, starting the Fujiwara regentship. ... May 11 is the 131st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (132nd in leap years). ... Events Orso II Participazio becomes Doge of Venice Patriarch Nicholas I Mysticus becomes patriarch of Constantinople Births November 23 - Otto I the Great Holy Roman Emperor (+ 973) Abd-ar-rahman III - prince of the Umayyad dynasty Deaths Oleg of Kiev Categories: 912 ... This is a list of Byzantine Emperors. ...

Background

Leo was born to Eudokia Ingerina who was at the time mistress of Emperor Michael III and wife of his Caesar Basil. Which of the two men was his father is uncertain. He was officially acknowledged by Basil as his son, but he apparently regarded Leo as Michael's son-although Basil only had eyes for his son Constantine, which may have worsened Leo and his Basil's relations and contributed to Basil's belief in Leo's illegitimacy. Eudokia Ingerina (Greek: Î•Ï…Î´Î¿ÎºÎ¯Î±) (c. ... This coin struck during the regency of Theodora shows how Michael was less prominent than his mother, who is represented as ruler alone on the obverse, and even than his sister Thecla, who is depicted together with the young Michael on the reverse of this coin. ... Caesar (plural Caesars), Latin: CÃ¦sar (plural CÃ¦sares), is a title of imperial character. ... Basil, his son Constantine, and his second wife, emperess Eudoxia Ingerina. ...

On the night of September 23-September 24, 867, Michael was assassinated by Basil who succeeded him as Emperor Basil I. As the second eldest son of the Emperor, Leo was associated on the throne in 870 and became the direct heir on the death of his older half-brother Constantine in 879. However, he and his father hated each other and Basil had almost had Leo blinded as a teenager. On August 29, 886, Basil died in a hunting accident, though he claimed on his deathbed that there was an assassination attempt in which Leo was possibly involved. September 23 is the 266th day of the year (267th in leap years). ... September 24 is the 267th day of the year (268th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events September - Basil I becomes sole ruler of the Byzantine Empire. ... Basil, his son Constantine, and his second wife, emperess Eudoxia Ingerina. ... August 29 is the 241st day of the year (242nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events The Glagolitic alphabet, devised by Cyril and Methodius, missionairies from Constantinople, is adopted in the Bulgarian Empire. ... It has been suggested that Selective assassination be merged into this article or section. ...

Leo's sobriquet may be explained by the facts that he "was less ignorant than the greater part of his contemporaries in church and state, that his education had been directed by the learned Photios, and that several books of profane and ecclesiastical science were composed by the pen, or in the name, of the imperial philosopher" (Edward Gibbon). Icon of Photius Photios I or Photius I (in Greek: Î¦ÏŽÏ„Î¹Î¿Ï‚, PhÅtios), (Constantinople c. ... Edward Gibbon (1737â€“1794). ...

Domestic Policy

One of the first actions of Leo VI after his succession was the reburial of Michael III in Constantinople, which may have contributed to the suspicion that he was Michael's son. Seeking political reconciliation, the new emperor secured the support of the officials in the capital, and surrounded himself with bureaucrats like Stylianos Zoutzes and the eunuch Samonas. His attempts to control the great aristocratic families (e.g., the Phokadai and the Doukai) occasionally led to serious conflicts. Leo also attempted to control the church through his appointments to the patriarchate. He dismissed the Patriarch Photios of Constantinople, who had been his tutor, and replaced him with his own 19-year old brother Stephen in December 886. On Stephen's death in 893, Leo replaced him with Zaoutzes' nominee, Antony II Kaleuas, who died in 901. Leo then promoted his own imperial secretary (mystikos) Nicholas, but replaced him with his spiritual father Euthymios in 907. Map of Constantinople. ... The Patriarch of Constantinople is the Ecumenical Patriarch, ranking as the first among equals in the Eastern Orthodox communion. ... Photius (in Greek Î¦Ï‰Ï„Î¹oÏ‚; b. ... Stephen Porphyrogometus (d. ... Events The Glagolitic alphabet, devised by Cyril and Methodius, missionairies from Constantinople, is adopted in the Bulgarian Empire. ... Events Simeon I succeeds Vladimir as king of Bulgaria. ... Nicholas I Mystikos or Nicholas I Mysticus (Greek: ÎÎ¹ÎºÏŒÎ»Î±Î¿Ï‚ Î‘Î„ ÎœÏ…ÏƒÏ„Î¹ÎºÏŒÏ‚, Nikolaos I Mystikos), (852â€“May 15, 925) was the Patriarch of Constantinople from March 901 to February 906 and from May 912 to his death in 925. ...

Leo completed work on the Basilica, the Greek translation and update of the law code issued by Justinian I, which had been started during the reign of Basil. Justinian I depicted on a mosaic in the church of San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy The Corpus Juris Civilis (Body of Civil Law) also known as Codex Justinianus is a fundamental work in jurisprudence, issued from 529 to 534 by order of Justinian I, Byzantine Emperor. ... (Latin: Flavius Petrus Sabbatius Iustinianus, Greek: Î™Î¿Ï…ÏƒÏ„Î¹Î½Î¹Î±Î½ÏŒÏ‚;) commonly known as Justinian I, or (among Eastern Orthodox Christians) as Saint Justinian the Great; c. ...

Foreign Policy

Leo VI was not as successful in battle as Basil had been. In indulging his chief counselor Stylianos Zaoutzes, Leo provoked a war with Simeon I of Bulgaria in 894, but was defeated. Bribing the Magyars to attack the Bulgarians from the north, Leo scored an indirect success in 895. However, deprived of his new allies, he lost the major Battle of Boulgarophygon in 896 and had to make the required commercial concessions and to pay annual tribute. Simeon (also Symeon)[1] I the Great (Bulgarian: , transliterated Simeon I Veliki;[2] IPA: ) ruled over Bulgaria from 893 to 927,[3] during the First Bulgarian Empire. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Combatants Byzantine Empire Bulgaria Commanders Unknown Simeon I of Bulgaria Strength Unknown Unknown Casualties Almost the whole army Unknown The battle of Bulgarophygon occurred in the summer of 896 near the town of Babaeski in modern Turkey. ...

The Emirate of Sicily took Taormina, the last Byzantine outpost on the island of Sicily, in 902. In 904 the renegade Leo of Tripolis sacked Thessalonica with his Muslim pirates (an event described in The Capture of Thessalonica by John Kameniates). In 907 Constantinople was attacked by the Kievan Rus' under Oleg of Novgorod, who was seeking favourable trading rights with the empire. Leo paid them off, but they attacked again in 911, and a trade treaty was finally signed. The admiral Himerios, a relative of Leo's last wife, Zoe Karbonopsina scored some successes against the Muslim fleets in 908 and raided Cyprus in 910, but in 912 was soundly defeated in his attempt to conquer Crete. Italy in 1000. ... Isola Bella from the North Isola Bella Bay from the south Greek theatre in Taormina Taormina is a small town in the island of Sicily in Italy. ... Sicily (Sicilia in Italian and Sicilian) is an autonomous region of Italy and the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, with an area of 25,708 kmÂ² (9,926 sq. ... Leo of Tripoli was a Greek pirate serving Saracen interests in the early tenth century. ... The White Tower The Arch of Galerius Map showing the Thessaloníki prefecture Thessaloníki (Θεσσαλονίκη) is the second-largest city of Greece and is the principal city and the capital of the Greek region of Macedonia. ... Events Oleg leads Kievan Rus in a campaign against Constantinople Yelü Abaoji establishes Liao (Khitan) dynasty Births Deaths Categories: 907 ... Map of Constantinople. ... Combatants Byzantine Empire Kievan Rus Commanders Leo the Wise Oleg of Kiev The Rus-Byzantine War of 907 is associated in the Primary Chronicle with the name of Oleg of Novgorod. ... Coat of arms Map of the Kievan Rusâ€², 11th century Capital Kiev Religion Orthodox Christianity Government Monarchy Historical era Middle Ages - Established 9th century - Disestablished 12th century Currency Hryvnia Kievan Rusâ€² was an early, mostly East Slavic[1] state dominated by the city of Kiev from about 880 to the... Fyodor Bruni. ... This article is about the year 911 A.D.; for the emergency telephone number, see 9-1-1. ... The Rus-Byzantine Treaty of 911 is the most comprehensive and detailed treaty concluded between the Byzantine Empire and Kievan Rus in the 10th century. ... Zoe and her son, emperor Constantine VII. Zoe Karbonopsina, also Karvounopsina or Carbonopsina, i. ... For the famous World War II battle, see: Battle of Crete For other uses, see Crete (disambiguation). ...

Fourth marriage dispute

Leo VI caused a major scandal with his numerous marriages which failed to produce a legitimate heir to the throne. Image File history File links Emperors Basil I and Leo VI. Illumination from the chronicle of John Scylitzae. ... Image File history File links Emperors Basil I and Leo VI. Illumination from the chronicle of John Scylitzae. ... John/Ioannes Skylitzes/Scylitzes (Î™Ï‰Î¬Î½Î½Î·Ï‚ Î£ÎºÏ…Î»Î¯Ï„Î¶Î·Ï‚, 1081) was a Byzantine historian of the late 11th century. ...

His first wife was Teophano, daughter of Martinacus, a byzantine noblemen. Chosen for his mother Eudokia Ingerina as his bride, Leo was forced to marry her by his father in (886). Shortly after Basil died, and Leo was crown Emperor and Theophano his Empress. Events The Glagolitic alphabet, devised by Cyril and Methodius, missionairies from Constantinople, is adopted in the Bulgarian Empire. ...

The union was totally unhappy; Leo hate her, but the people of Constantinople love the new Empress for his piety and devotion. The marriage only produced a daughter, Eudokia (b. 888 - d. 892). Events January 13: With the death of Charles the Fat, the Frankish kingdom is split again, and this time permanently. ... Events Poppo of Thuringia, count of the march in Thuringia,is deposed by the German Carolingian king Arnulf of Carinthia Arnulf of Carinthia invades Great Moravia Duke Guido of Spoleto crowned Roman Emperor in April The former Silla general Gyeonhwon attacks the city of Gwangju and declares himself king. ...

Later, Teophano retired in a convent in Blachernai, were she died in 10 November 897; later she was canonized as Saint Theophano. November 10 is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 51 days remaining. ... Events January - the Cadaver Synod July/August- Pope Stephen VII dies and is succeeded by Pope Romanus. ...

In 898, Leo married secondly with his mistress Zoe Zaoutzaina, the daughter of his adviser Stylianos Zaoutzes. As his predecessor, Zoe only gave birth a daughter, Anna (b. 898 - d. 914?) -who, according to some sources married with the Emperor Louis III the Blind of Germany-. Upon this marriage Leo created the title of basileopatōr ("father of the emperor") for his father-in-law. Zoe died one year later of the birth of his daughter, in 899. Events Accession of Pope John IX Accession of King Kasyapa IV of Sri Lanka Magyar army headed by Ãlmos besieges Kiev Magyar tribes found state of Szekesfahervar in Hungary Bologna joins Italian Kingdom End of Yodit era in Ethiopia Foundation of Bhaktapur in Nepal Births Deaths Category: ... Events Accession of Pope John IX Accession of King Kasyapa IV of Sri Lanka Magyar army headed by Ãlmos besieges Kiev Magyar tribes found state of Szekesfahervar in Hungary Bologna joins Italian Kingdom End of Yodit era in Ethiopia Foundation of Bhaktapur in Nepal Births Deaths Category: ... Events Town of Warwick, England founded on the River Avon Vikings conquer much of Ireland Byzantine Empire battles with Bulgaria over city of Adrianople, which changes hands several times Reconstruction of Nanjing after a long dissertation; it marked the beginning of contemporary Nanjing City. ... Louis the Blind (c. ... Painting of Emperor Basil II, exemplifying the Imperial Crown handed down by Angels. ... Events Edward the Elder becomes King of England. ...

After Zoe's death a third marriage was technically illegal, but he married again in 900 with Eudokia Baiana. In April 901 she died in childbirth. The child was a son -called Basil as his grandfather-, the heir who Leo desperate needed; but, shortly after, he also died. Persian sfuckentist, Rhazes, distinguished smallpox from measles in the course of his writings. ... This article or section needs additional references or sources to improve its verifiability. ... Events Mesoamerican ballgame court dedicated at Uxmal Kingdom of Taebong established in Korean peninsula Fuzhou city was expanded with construction of a new city wall (Luo City). Births Deaths February 18 - Thabit ibn Qurra, Arab astronomer and mathematician Categories: 901 ...

Instead of marrying a fourth time, which would have been an even greater sin than a third marriage (according to the Patriarch Nicholas Mystikos) Leo took as mistress, Zoe Karbonopsina. She firstly bore him two daughters: Anna in 903 and Helena in 904. Leo married her only after she had given birth to a son in 905, but incurred the opposition of the patriarch. Replacing Nicholas Mystikos with Euthymios, Leo got his marriage recognized by the church, but opened up a conflict within it and allowed new grounds for papal intervention into Byzantine affairs when he sought and obtained papal consent. Nicholas I Mystikos or Nicholas I Mysticus (Greek: ÎÎ¹ÎºÏŒÎ»Î±Î¿Ï‚ Î‘Î„ ÎœÏ…ÏƒÏ„Î¹ÎºÏŒÏ‚, Nikolaos I Mystikos), (852â€“May 15, 925) was the Patriarch of Constantinople from March 901 to February 906 and from May 912 to his death in 925. ... Zoe and her son, emperor Constantine VII. Zoe Karbonopsina, also Karvounopsina or Carbonopsina, i. ... Events Vikings invade England. ... Events Accession of Sergius III Destruction of Changan, the capital of Tang Dynasty and the largest city in the ancient world. ... Constantine and his mother ZoÃ«. Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos or Porphyrogenitus, the Purple-born (Greek: ÎšÏ‰Î½ÏƒÏ„Î±Î½Ï„Î¯Î½Î¿Ï‚ Î–Î„ Î Î¿ÏÏ†Ï…ÏÎ¿Î³ÎÎ½Î½Î·Ï„Î¿Ï‚, KÅnstantinos VII PorphyrogennÄ“tos), (Constantinople, September 905 â€“ November 9, 959 in Constantinople) was the son of the Byzantine emperor Leo VI and his fourth wife Zoe Karbonopsina. ... Alternate meaning: Area code 905 Events Births Deaths Categories: 905 ... The Pope is the Catholic Bishop and patriarch of Rome, and head of the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Catholic Churches. ...

Succession

The future Constantine VII was the illegitimate son born before Leo's uncanonical fourth marriage to Zoe Karbonopsina. To strengthen his son's position as heir, Leo had him crowned as co-emperor on May 15, 908, when he was only two years old. Leo VI died on May 2, 912. He was succeeded by his younger brother Alexander, who had reigned as emperor alongside his father and brother since 879. May 15 is the 135th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (136th in leap years). ... Events Battle of Belach Mugna Births Deaths Categories: 908 ... May 2 is the 122nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (123rd in leap years). ... Events Orso II Participazio becomes Doge of Venice Patriarch Nicholas I Mysticus becomes patriarch of Constantinople Births November 23 - Otto I the Great Holy Roman Emperor (+ 973) Abd-ar-rahman III - prince of the Umayyad dynasty Deaths Oleg of Kiev Categories: 912 ... A Byzantine Mosaic portrait of Emperor Alexander (870 - 913) which was completed in the Emperors short reign. ...

Legends

According to Bishop Liutprand of Cremona, and probably inspired by stories about the caliph Harun al-Rashid, Leo would sometimes disguise himself and look for injustice or corruption. On one account, he was even captured by the city guards during one of his investigations. He wanted to know if the city patrol was doing its job appropriately. He was walking alone, disguised, late in the evening without any documentation. He bribed two patrols for 12 nomismata, and moved on. However, the third city patrol arrested him. When a terrified guardian recognized the jailed ruler in the morning, the arresting officer was rewarded for doing his duty, while the other patrols were dismissed and punished severely. Liutprand (Liudprand, Luitprand) (c. ... Bold textItalic text == Headline text ==He was born a 4 headed man but 3 of his 4 heads died along with all but one of his 90 hearts. ...

External links

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free images, sound and other multimedia files. ...

Citations

References

Categories: Byzantine emperors | Macedonian dynasty | 866 births | 912 deaths Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium (often abbreviated to ODB) is a three volume book by the Oxford University Press. ... Basil I the Macedonian (Î’Î±ÏƒÎ¯Î»ÎµÎ¹Î¿Ï‚ Î‘) (811 - 886, ruled 867 - 886) - married Michael IIIs widow; died in hunting accident Leo VI the Wise (Î›ÎÏ‰Î½ Î£Î¤ Î¿ Î£Î¿Ï†ÏŒÏ‚) (866 - 912, ruled 886 - 912) â€“ likely either son of Basil I or Michael III; Alexander III (Î‘Î»ÎÎ¾Î±Î½Î´ÏÎ¿Ï‚ Î“ Ï„Î¿Ï… Î’Ï…Î¶Î±Î½Ï„Î¯Î¿Ï…) (870 - 913, ruled 912 - 913) â€“ son of Basil I, regent for nephew... is the 262nd day of the year (263rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events Fujiwara no Yoshifusa becomes regent of Japan, starting the Fujiwara regentship. ... May 11 is the 131st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (132nd in leap years). ... Events Orso II Participazio becomes Doge of Venice Patriarch Nicholas I Mysticus becomes patriarch of Constantinople Births November 23 - Otto I the Great Holy Roman Emperor (+ 973) Abd-ar-rahman III - prince of the Umayyad dynasty Deaths Oleg of Kiev Categories: 912 ... Basil, his son Constantine, and his second wife, emperess Eudoxia Ingerina. ... This is a list of Byzantine Emperors. ... A Byzantine Mosaic portrait of Emperor Alexander (870 - 913) which was completed in the Emperors short reign. ... This is a list of the Roman Emperors with the dates they ruled the Roman Empire. ... The Principate is, according to its etymological derivation from the Latin word princeps, meaning chief or first, the political regime dominated by such a political leader, whether or not he is formally head of state and/or head of government. ... Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC 40s BC 30s BC - 20s BC - 10s BC 0s 10s 20s 30s Years: 32 BC 31 BC 30 BC 29 BC 28 BC 27 BC 26 BC 25 BC 24 BC 23 BC 22... Events Maximinus Thrax becomes Roman Emperor. ... For other uses, see Augustus (disambiguation). ... Tiberius Caesar Augustus, born Tiberius Claudius Nero (November 16, 42 BC â€“ March 16 AD 37), was the second Roman Emperor, from the death of Augustus in AD 14 until his own death in 37. ... Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (August 31, 12 â€“ January 24, 41), more commonly known by his nickname Caligula, was the third Roman Emperor and a member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, ruling from 37 to 41. ... For other persons named Claudius, see Claudius (disambiguation). ... Nero[1] Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (December 15, 37 â€“ June 9, 68)[2], born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, also called Nero Claudius Caesar Drusus Germanicus, was the fifth and last Roman Emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty. ... Servius Sulpicius Galba (December 24, 3 BC â€“ January 15, 69) was Roman Emperor from June 8, 68 until his death. ... Emperor Otho. ... Vitellius, Museo Nazionale della CiviltÃ Romana, Rome Aulus Vitellius Germanicus (September 24, 15â€“December 22, 69) was Roman Emperor from April 17 69 to December 22 of the same year, one of the emperors in the Year of the four emperors. He was the son of Lucius Vitellius, who had... Imperator Caesar Vespasianus Augustus (born November 17, 9, died June 23, 79), known originally as Titus Flavius Vespasianus and usually referred to in English as Vespasian, was emperor of Rome from 69 to 79. ... For other uses, see Titus (disambiguation). ... 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Joannes, Roman Emperor (423 - 425) On the death of the Emperor Honorius (August 27, 423), Theodosius II, the remaining ruler of the House of Theodosius hesitated for some time in announcing his uncles death and in the interregum Honorius patrician at the time of his death, Castinus, elevated Joannes... Solidus minted in Thessalonica to celebrate the marriage of Valentinian III to Licinia Eudoxia, daughter of the Eastern Emperor Theodosius II. On the reverse, the three of them in wedding dresses. ... Petronius Maximus on a coin. ... Avitus on a tremissis. ... Majorian on an bronze coin. ... Libius Severus was a Western Roman Emperor. ... Procopius Anthemius (c. ... Anicius Olybrius, Western Roman Emperor (July 11 - October 23, 472), was a member of a noble family and a native of Rome. ... Glycerius (c. ... Julius Nepos on a coin. ... This article is about the Roman Emperor. ... This is a list of the Roman Emperors with the dates they ruled the Roman Empire. ... Events By Place Roman Empire January 19 - Arcadius is elevated to Emperor. ... April 2 - Mehmed II begins his siege of Constantinople (Ä°stanbul). ... Idealising bust of Arcadius in the Theodosian style combines elements of classicism with the new hieratic style (Istanbul Archaeology Museum) Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Arcadius For the Greek grammarian, see Arcadius of Antioch. ... Theodosius II Flavius Theodosius II (April, 401 - July 28, 450 ). The eldest son of Eudoxia and Arcadius who at the age of 7 became the Roman Emperor of the East. ... Pulcheria (January 19, 399 â€“ 453) was the daughter of the Eastern Roman Emperor Arcadius and Aelia Eudoxia. ... Another but lesser Marcian was a son-in-law of Byzantine Emperor Leo I and his queen Verina. ... Leo I coin. ... Imperator Caesar Flavius Leo Augustus or Leo II (467- November 17, 474) served as Eastern Roman Emperor from January 18 to November 17, 474. ... Flavius Zeno (c. ... For the genus of lizards, see Basiliscus (genus). ... Flavius Anastasius. ... Flavius Iustinus Augustus. ... (Latin: Flavius Petrus Sabbatius Iustinianus, Greek: Î™Î¿Ï…ÏƒÏ„Î¹Î½Î¹Î±Î½ÏŒÏ‚;) commonly known as Justinian I, or (among Eastern Orthodox Christians) as Saint Justinian the Great; c. ... Flavius Iustinus Iunior Augustus Flavius Iustinus Iunior Augustus or Justin The Divine (c. ... Flavius Tiberius Constantinus Augustus or Tiberius II Constantine (c. ... A solidus of Maurikios reign. ... Phocas on a contemporary coin Flavius Phocas Augustus, Eastern Roman Emperor (reigned 602â€“610), is perhaps one of the most maligned figures to have held the Imperial title in the long history of Rome and Byzantium. ... Heraclius and his sons Heraclius Constantine and Heraclonas. ... Roman coin depicting, on its face, Heraclius and his sons Heraclius Constantine and Heraclonas Heraclius Constantine or Constantine III (May 3, 612 - April 20/24 or May 26, 641) was the eldest son of the Byzantine emperor Heraclius and his first wife Eudocia, and ruled as Emperor for four months... Herakleios with his sons Constantine III and Heraklonas. ... Constans and his son Constantine. ... Mezezius also known as Mecetius, Bizantine usurper in Sicily from 668 to 669. ... Constantine IV on a contemporary coin Constantine IV (649-685); sometimes incorrectly called Pogonatus, meaning the Bearded, like his father; was Byzantine emperor from 668-685. ... Justinian II, known as Rhinotmetus (the Split-nosed) (669-711) was a Byzantine emperor of the Heraclian Dynasty, reigned from 685 to 695 and again from 704 to 711. ... Leontios, showing the symbols of power: the crown, the globus cruciger, and the akakia. ... Tiberius III, the German commander Apsimar. ... Philippikos (FILIPICUS) coin, celebrating the victories of the emperor (VICTORIA AVGU). ... Anastasios II kept his name, Artemios, also on his coinage; this solidus bears the legend APTEMIUS ANASTASIUS. Anastasios II or Anastasius II (Greek: Î‘Î½Î±ÏƒÏ„Î¬ÏƒÎ¹Î¿Ï‚ Î’Î„), (died 718), Byzantine emperor, from 713 to 715. ... Theodosios III or Theodosius III (Greek: Î˜ÎµÎ¿Î´ÏŒÏƒÎ¹Î¿Ï‚ Î“Î„), was Byzantine Emperor from 715 to March 25, 717. ... Leo the Isaurian and his son Constantine V. Leo III the Isaurian or the Syrian (Greek: Î›ÎÏ‰Î½ Î“Î„, LeÅn III ), (c. ... Constantine V Copronymus (The Dung-named) was Byzantine emperor from 741 to 775. ... Artavasdos (erroneously Artabasdos or Artabasdus), (Greek: Î‘ÏÏ„Î±ÏÎ±ÏƒÎ´Î¿Ï‚, Artauasdos, from Armenian: Ô±Ö€Õ¿Õ¡Õ¾Õ¡Õ¦Õ¤, Artavazd ), was Byzantine Emperor from June 741 or 742 until November 743. ... Leo IV the Khazar (Greek: Î›ÎÏ‰Î½ Î”Î„, LeÅn IV ), (January 25, 750 â€“ September 8, 780), Byzantine Emperor from 775 to 780. ... Constantine VI (Greek: ÎšÏ‰Î½ÏƒÏ„Î±Î½Ï„Î¯Î½Î¿Ï‚ Î£Î¤Î„, KÅnstantinos VI; 771â€“797 or 805) was Byzantine Emperor from 780 to 797. ... This solidus struck under Irene reports the legend bASILISSH, Basilissa. ... Nikephoros I and his son and successor, Stauracius. ... Staurakios on a coin issued by his father Nikephoros I. Staurakios or Stauracius (Greek: Î£Ï„Î±Ï…ÏÎ¬ÎºÎ¹Î¿Ï‚), (d. ... Michael I on a contemporary coin Michael I Rangabe (Greek: ÎœÎ¹Ï‡Î±Î®Î» Î‘Î„ Î¡Î±Î³Î³Î±Î²Î, MikhaÄ“l I Rangabe), (died January 11, 844) was Byzantine Emperor (811 - 813). ... Contemporary coin of Leo V. Leo V, surnamed The Armenian (775 â€“ December 24, 820), was emperor of the Byzantine Empire from 813 to 820, after first distinguishing himself as a general in the reigns of Nicephorus I and Michael I Rhangabes. ... Michael II, called Psellus, the stammerer, or the Amorian (770-829) reigned as Byzantine emperor 820 - 829. ... Theophilus, in the Chronicle of John Skylitzes Theophilos or Theophilus (Greek: Î˜ÎµÏŒÏ†Î¹Î»Î¿Ï‚), (813 â€“ 20 January 842) was Byzantine emperor from 829 to 842. ... Theodora depicted as ruler on this coin, with her son Michael, nominally emperor, and her daughter Thecla on the reverse. ... This coin struck during the regency of Theodora shows how Michael was less prominent than his mother, who is represented as ruler alone on the obverse, and even than his sister Thecla, who is depicted together with the young Michael on the reverse of this coin. ... Basil, his son Constantine, and his second wife, emperess Eudoxia Ingerina. ... A Byzantine Mosaic portrait of Emperor Alexander (870 - 913) which was completed in the Emperors short reign. ... Constantine and his mother ZoÃ«. Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos or Porphyrogenitus, the Purple-born (Greek: ÎšÏ‰Î½ÏƒÏ„Î±Î½Ï„Î¯Î½Î¿Ï‚ Î–Î„ Î Î¿ÏÏ†Ï…ÏÎ¿Î³ÎÎ½Î½Î·Ï„Î¿Ï‚, KÅnstantinos VII PorphyrogennÄ“tos), (Constantinople, September 905 â€“ November 9, 959 in Constantinople) was the son of the Byzantine emperor Leo VI and his fourth wife Zoe Karbonopsina. ... Contemporary coin of Romanus I. Romanos I Lekapenos or Romanus I Lecapenus (Greek: Î¡Ï‰Î¼Î±Î½ÏŒÏ‚ Î‘Î„ Î›Î±ÎºÎ±Ï€Î®Î½Î¿Ï‚, RÅmanos I LakapÄ“nos) (c. ... Romanus II (939 - 963) succeeded his father Constantine VII as Byzantine emperor in 959 at the age of twenty-one, and died, poisoned, it was believed, by his wife, Theophanu in 963. ... Emperor Nikephoros II Phokas Nikephoros II Phokas or Nicephorus II Phocas (Greek: ÎÎ¹ÎºÎ·Ï†ÏŒÏÎ¿Ï‚ Î’Î„ Î¦Ï‰ÎºÎ¬Ï‚, NikÄ“phoros II PhÅkas), (c. ... Ioannes, protected by God and the Virgin Mary. ... Painting of Basil II, from an 11th century manuscript. ... Constantine VIII (in Greek Konstantinos VIII, written Κωνσταντίνος Η) (960 – November 15, 1028), Byzantine emperor (December 15, 1025 – November 15, 1028) was the son of the Emperor Romanus II and the younger brother of the eminent Basil... Empress Zoe as depicted in a mosaic from the Hagia Sophia Zoe (in Greek Î–Ï‰Î®, meaning life), (c. ... Romanus III. Romanos III Argyros or Romanus III Argyrus (Greek: Î¡Ï‰Î¼Î±Î½ÏŒÏ‚ Î“Î„ Î‘ÏÎ³Ï…ÏÏŒÏ‚, RÅmanos III Argyros), (968 â€“ April 11, 1034) was Byzantine emperor (November 15, 1028 - April 11, 1034). ... Michael IV (1010 â€“ December 10, 1041), called the Paphlagonian (in Greek, ÎœÎ¹Ï‡Î±Î®Î» Î Î±Ï†Î»Î±Î³ÏŽÎ½, meaning from the province of Paphlagonia), was Byzantine emperor from April 11, 1034 to December 10, 1041. ... Michael V Calaphates (1015 - August 24, 1042) (in Greek Μιχαήλ Καλαφάτης, meaning the caulker), was the nephew and successor as Byzantine emperor of Michael IV and adoptive son of his wife Zoë. His surname reflected the early... Mosaic of Constantine IX and Empress Zoe Constantine IX Monomachus (c. ... Theodora (in Greek Θεοδώρα, literally meaning Gift of God, lived 981 - August 31, 1056) ruled as Byzantine Empress from January 11, 1055 to August 31, 1056. ... Michael VI Stratioticus, the warlike, was Byzantine emperor (1056 - 1057). ... Isaac coin. ... Constantine X Ducas (1006 - May, 1067) was the emperor of the Byzantine Empire (1059 - 1067). ... Michael VII Ducas or Parapinakes, was the eldest son of Constantine X Ducas and Eudocia Macrembolitissa. ... Diptych of Romanus and Eudocia Macrembolitissa. ... Nicephorus Botaniates. ... Emperor Alexios I Komnenos Emperor Alexios I Komnenos depicted in a mosaic in the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople Alexios I Komnenos or Alexius I Comnenus (Greek: ; Latin: ) (1048 â€“ August 15, 1118), Byzantine emperor (1081â€“1118), was the son of John Komnenos and Anna Dalassena and the nephew of Isaac I... John II Komnenos or Comnenus (Greek: Î™Ï‰Î¬Î½Î½Î·Ï‚ Î’Î„ ÎšÎ¿Î¼Î½Î·Î½ÏŒÏ‚, IÅannÄ“s II KomnÄ“nos) (September 13, 1087 â€“ April 8, 1143) was Byzantine emperor from 1118 to 1143. ... Manuel I Komnenos, or Comnenus, (Greek: ÎœÎ±Î½Î¿Ï…Î®Î» Î‘ ÎšÎ¿Î¼Î½Î·Î½ÏŒÏ‚, ManouÄ“l I KomnÄ“nos), November 28, 1118 â€“ September 24, 1180), was a Byzantine Emperor of the 12th century who reigned over a crucial turning point in the history of Byzantium and the Mediterranean. ... Alexios II Komnenos or Alexius II Comnenus (Greek: Î‘Î»ÎÏ‡Î¹Î¿Ï‚ Î’â€™ ÎšÎ¿Î¼Î½Î·Î½ÏŒÏ‚, Alexios II KomnÄ“nos) (September 10, 1169 â€“ October 1183), Byzantine emperor (1180-1183), was the son of Emperor Manuel I Komnenos and Maria, daughter of Raymond, prince of Antioch. ... Billon trachy (a cup-shaped coin) of Andronikos I Komnenos (1183-1185) Andronikos I Komnenos or Andronicus I Comnenus (Greek: Î‘Î½Î´ÏÏŒÎ½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï‚ Î‘â€™ ÎšÎ¿Î¼Î½Î·Î½ÏŒÏ‚, Andronikos I KomnÄ“nos) (c. ... Isaac II Angelos or Angelus (Greek: Î™ÏƒÎ±Î¬ÎºÎ¹Î¿Ï‚ Î’â€™ Î†Î³Î³ÎµÎ»Î¿Ï‚, Isaakios II Angelos) (September 1156 - January, 1204) was Byzantine emperor from 1185 to 1195, and again from 1203 to 1204. ... Alexios III Angelos or Alexius III Angelus (Greek: Î‘Î»ÎÎ¾Î¹Î¿Ï‚ Î“ Î†Î³Î³ÎµÎ»Î¿Ï‚) (c. ... Emperor Alexios IV Alexios IV Angelos or Alexius IV Angelus (Greek: Î‘Î»ÎÎ¾Î¹Î¿Ï‚ Î” Î†Î³Î³ÎµÎ»Î¿Ï‚) (c. ... Nikolaos Kanabos was elected Emperor of Byzantium on the 25. ... Alexios V Doukas Mourtzouphlos or Alexius V Ducas Murtzuphlus (Greek: Î‘Î»ÎÎ¾Î¹Î¿Ï‚ Î•Î„ Î”Î¿ÏÎºÎ±Ï‚ ÎœÎ¿ÏÏÏ„Î¶Î¿Ï…Ï†Î»Î¿Ï‚) (d. ... Constantine Laskaris (Greek ÎšÏ‰Î½ÏƒÏ„Î±Î½Ï„Î¯Î½Î¿Ï‚ Î›Î¬ÏƒÎºÎ±ÏÎ·Ï‚) was Byzantine emperor for a few months in 1204. ... The Latin Empire, Empire of Nicaea, Empire of Trebizond and the Despotate of Epirus. ... John III Doukas Vatatzes or Ducas Vatatzes (Greek: Î™Ï‰Î¬Î½Î½Î·Ï‚ Î“Î„ Î”Î¿ÏÎºÎ±Ï‚ Î’Î±Ï„Î¬Ï„Î¶Î·Ï‚, IÅannÄ“s III Doukas BatatzÄ“s) (c. ... Theodore II Doukas Laskaris or Ducas Lascaris (Greek: Î˜ÎµÏŒÎ´Ï‰ÏÎ¿Ï‚ Î’Î„ Î”Î¿ÏÎºÎ±Ï‚ Î›Î¬ÏƒÎºÎ±ÏÎ¹Ï‚, TheodÅros II Doukas Laskaris) (1221/1222â€“August 18, 1258) was emperor of Nicaea, 1254â€“1258. ... John IV Doukas Laskaris or Ducas Lascaris (Greek: Î™Ï‰Î¬Î½Î½Î·Ï‚ Î”Î„ Î”Î¿ÏÎºÎ±Ï‚ Î›Î¬ÏƒÎºÎ±ÏÎ¹Ï‚, IÅannÄ“s IV Doukas Laskaris), December 25, 1250 - c. ... The Byzantine Empire in 1265 (William R. Shepherd, Historical Atlas, 1911) Michael VIII Palaiologos or Palaeologus (Greek: ÎœÎ¹Ï‡Î±Î®Î» Î—Î„ Î Î±Î»Î±Î¹Î¿Î»ÏŒÎ³Î¿Ï‚, MikhaÄ“l VIII Palaiologos) (1224/1225 â€“ December 11, 1282) reigned as Byzantine emperor 1259â€“1282. ... Andronikos II Palaiologos or Andronicus II Palaeologus (Greek: ) (1259/1260 â€“ February 13, 1332), reigned as Byzantine emperor 1282â€“1328. ... Andronikos III Palaiologos or Andronicus III Palaeologus (Greek: Î‘Î½Î´ÏÏŒÎ½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï‚ Î“ Î Î±Î»Î±Î¹Î¿Î»ÏŒÎ³Î¿Ï‚) (March 25, 1297 - June 15, 1341) reigned as Byzantine emperor 1328â€“1341, after being rival emperor since 1321. ... John V Palaiologos or Palaeologus (Greek: , IÅannÄ“s V Palaiologos), (1332 â€“ February 16, 1391) was the son of Emperor Andronikos III Palaiologos and Anna of Savoy. ... John VI Kantakouzenos or Cantacuzene (Greek: Î™Ï‰Î¬Î½Î½Î·Ï‚ Î£Î¤Î„ ÎšÎ±Î½Ï„Î±ÎºÎ¿Ï…Î¶Î·Î½ÏŒÏ‚, IÅannÄ“s VI KantakouzÄ“nos) (c. ... Matthew Kantakouzenos or Cantacuzenus (Greek: ÎœÎ±Ï„Î¸Î±Î¯Î¿Ï‚ Î‘ÏƒÎ¬Î½Î·Ï‚ ÎšÎ±Î½Ï„Î±ÎºÎ¿Ï…Î¶Î·Î½ÏŒÏ‚, Matthaios AsanÄ“s KantakouzÄ“nos) (c. ... Andronikos IV Palaiologos or Andronicus IV Palaeologus (Greek: Î‘Î½Î´ÏÏŒÎ½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï‚ Î” Î Î±Î»Î±Î¹Î¿Î»ÏŒÎ³Î¿Ï‚) (April 2, 1348â€“June 28, 1385), was Byzantine emperor from 1376 to 1379. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Andronikos V Palaiologos or Andronicus V Palaeologus (Greek: Î‘Î½Î´ÏÏŒÎ½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï‚ Î• Î Î±Î»Î±Î¹Î¿Î»ÏŒÎ³Î¿Ï‚) (c. ... Emperor Manuel II Manuel II Palaiologos or Palaeologus (Greek: ÎœÎ±Î½Î¿Ï…Î®Î» Î’Î„ Î Î±Î»Î±Î¹Î¿Î»ÏŒÎ³Î¿Ï‚, ManouÄ“l II Palaiologos) (June 27, 1350 â€“ July 21, 1425) was Byzantine emperor from 1391 to 1425. ... John VIII Palaiologos or Palaeologus (Greek Î™Ï‰Î¬Î½Î½Î·Ï‚ Î— Î Î±Î»Î±Î¹Î¿Î»ÏŒÎ³Î¿Ï‚, IÅannÄ“s VIII Palaiologos) (December 18 1392 â€“ October 31, 1448), was Byzantine Emperor from 1425 to 1448. ... Constantine XI: The last Byzantine emperor is considered a saint by the Eastern Orthodox Church. ...

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