Leonid Aleksandrovich Govorov (Russian Леонид Александрович Говоров) (February 22, 1897 - March 19, 1955), Soviet military commander, was born in the village of Butyrki in central Russia (now in Kirov Oblast). His father was a sailor. He attended a technical high school in Yelabuga and enrolled in the ship-building department of Petrograd Polytechnical Institute. In December 1916, however, he transferred to the Konstantinovskye Artillery School and in 1917 became an artillery officer. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 310 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (452 × 874 pixel, file size: 196 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Kirov Oblast (Russian: ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). ... The Leningrad Military District is a military district of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. ... The Leningrad Military District is a military district of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. ... The Winter War (also known as the Russo-Finnish War) broke out when the Soviet Union attacked Finland on November 30, 1939, three months after the start of World War II. As a consequence, the Soviet Union was expelled from the League of Nations on December 14th. ... Combatants Wehrmacht Red Army Commanders Field Marshal Fedor von Bock Army General D. Pavlov Strength Unknown Unknown Casualties Unknown 425,000 The Battle of Bialystok-Minsk was one of the Border Battles during the opening stage of Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941. ... Combatants Nazi Germany Soviet Union Commanders Fedor von Bock, Heinz Guderian Georgy Zhukov, Aleksandr Vasilevsky Strength As of October 1: 1,000,000 men, 1,700 tanks, 14,000 guns, 950 planes[1] As of October 1: 1,250,000 men, 1,000 tanks, 7,600 guns, 677 planes[2... Combatants Germany Spanish Blue Division Soviet Union Commanders Wilhelm von Leeb Georg von Küchler Agustín Muñoz Grandes Kliment Voroshilov Georgiy Zhukov Strength 725,000 930,000 Casualties Unknown Red Army: 332,059 KIA 24,324 non-combat dead 111,142 missing 16,470 civilians 1 million civilians... Combatants  Finland Germany Italy1  Soviet Union Commanders C.G.E. Mannerheim Kirill Meretskov Leonid Govorov Strength 530,000 Finns[1] 220,000 Germans 900,000–1,500,000[2] Casualties 58,715 dead or missing 158,000 wounded 1,500 civilian dead[3] 200,000 dead or missing 385,000... Combatants Finland Soviet Union Commanders Carl Gustav Emil Mannerheim Karl Lennart Oesch Leonid Govorov Kirill Meretskov Strength 268,000 375,000 Casualties 18,000 killed, 45,000 wounded, 3,000 prisoners 40,000 killed, 130,000 wounded During World War II, in the Continuation War, the Fourth Strategic Offensive was... Combatants Red Army Wehrmacht Commanders Soviet STAVKA German OKW Strength Unknown Unknown Casualties 260,000 all causes Unknown // [edit] Overview The Battle of the Baltic, called the Baltic Operation by the Red Army who undertook it, denotes combat operations between the German Wehrmacht and the Red Army in the Baltic... is the 53rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1897 (MDCCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... is the 78th day of the year (79th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar). ... Soviet redirects here. ... Butyrka prison (Russian: Бутырка, a colloquial term for the official Бутырская тюрьма, Butyrskaya tyurma) was the central transit prison in pre-revolutionary Russia, located in Moscow. ... Kirov Oblast (Russian: ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). ... Yelabuga (also spelled Alabuga, Elabuga; Tatar: AlabuÄŸa/Алабуга, Russian: ) is a town in Tatarstan. ... Main Building, Photo of 1902 Saint Petersburg State Polytechnical University (Russian: ; abbreviated SPbSPU) is a major Russian technical university situated in Saint Petersburg. ... 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar (see: 1917 Julian calendar). ... For other uses, see Artillery (disambiguation). ...

When the Russian Revolution broke out and the Russian Army disintegrated Govorov returned home, but was later conscripted into the White Guard army of Aleksandr Kolchak. He soon deserted and joined the Red Army, but this episode was later held against him. In the Russian Civil War he served under Vasily Blyukher in the Crimea against the forces of Pyotr Vrangel and was twice wounded, winning the Order of the Red Banner. This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... White Army redirects here. ... Admiral Kolchak Aleksandr Vasiliyevich Kolchak (Александр Васильевич Колчак in Russian) (November 4 (November 16 NS), 1874 – February 7, 1920) was a Russian naval commander and later head of part of the anti-Bolshevik White forces during the Russian Civil War. ... For other organizations known as the Red Army, see Red Army (disambiguation). ... The Russian Civil War (1917-1922) began immediately after the collapse of the Russian provisional government and the Bolshevik takeover of Petrograd, rapidly intensifying after the dissolution of the Russian Constituent Assembly and signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. ... Marshal of the Soviet Union Vasily Blyukher Vasily Konstantinovich Blyukher (also spelled Blücher, Blukher, Bliukher etc, Russian: Василий Константинович Блюхер) (November 19, 1889 - November 9... Motto: Процветание в единстве - Prosperity in unity Anthem: Нивы и горы твои волшебны, Родина - Your fields and mounts are wonderful, Motherland Location of Crimea (red) on the map of Ukraine. ... Baron Wrangel Baron Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel (Пётр Николаевич Врангель) (German: ) (August 15, 1878, Zarasai, Lithuania (then Imperial Russia) — April 25, 1928, Brussels, Belgium), was an officer in the Imperial Russian army and later commanding general of the pro-monarchist White Army in Southern Russia in the later stages of the Russian Civil War. ... The Soviet government of Russia established the Order of the Battle Red Banner, better-known as the Order of the Red Banner (in Russian: Орден Крaсного Знамени Orden Krasnogo Znameni) on September 16, 1918 during the Russian Civil War. ...

During the 1920s and '30s Govorov held a series of artillery commands, and also completed courses at the Frunze Military Academy. In 1936 Govorov founded the Military Academy of Red Army General Staff, and was also head of artillery in the Kiev Military District. In 1938 he was appointed as instructor in tactics at the Dzerzhinskiy Artillery Academy. There were a number of military academies in Soviet Union of different specialties. ... 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Voroshilov Military Academy of the USSR Army General Staff () was founded 1936 in Moscow by Leonid Govorov. ... Map of Ukraine with Kiev highlighted Coordinates: , Country Ukraine Oblast Kiev City Municipality Raion Municipality Government  - Mayor Leonid Chernovetskyi Elevation 179 m (587 ft) Population (2006)  - City 4,450,968  - Density 3,299/km² (8,544. ... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ...

This was the period of Joseph Stalin's Great Purge. Govorov, as a former member of the Kolchak army and a former subordinate of Blyukher, who was executed in 1938, was lucky to survive. At one point he was dismissed from his position and threatened with arrest, but the intervention of Marshal Kliment Voroshilov and Soviet head of state Mikhail Kalinin saved him. Josef Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili (Georgian: , Ioseb Besarionis Dze Jughashvili; Russian: , Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili) (December 18 [O.S. December 6] 1878[1] – March 5, 1953), better known by his adopted name, Joseph Stalin (alternatively transliterated Josef Stalin), was General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Unions Central Committee from... The Great Purge (Russian: , transliterated Bolshaya chistka) is the name given to campaigns of political repression and persecution in the Soviet Union orchestrated by Joseph Stalin during the late 1930s. ... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ...   (Russian: ), popularly known as Klim Voroshilov (Russian: ) (February 4 [O.S. January 23] 1881 – December 2, 1969) was a Soviet military commander and politician. ... Mikhail Kalinin A 1919 image showing Joseph Stalin, Vladimir Lenin, and Mikhail Kalinin (right) Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin (Russian: ) (November 19 [O.S. November 7] 1875 – June 3, 1946) was a Bolshevik revolutionary and Soviet politician. ...

In 1939 the Soviet-Finnish War broke out, and Govorov was appointed chief of artillery of the 7th Army. In this post he commanded the massive artillery assault that allowed the Soviet breakthrough along the Mannerheim Line in 1940. For this was awarded the Order of the Red Star and the rank of division commander. He was then appointed Deputy Inspector-General of Artillery of the Red Army. Year 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Winter War (also known as the Russo-Finnish War) broke out when the Soviet Union attacked Finland on November 30, 1939, three months after the start of World War II. As a consequence, the Soviet Union was expelled from the League of Nations on December 14th. ... The Mannerheim Line was a defensive fortification line on the Karelian Isthmus built by Finland against the Soviet Union. ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Order of the Red Star Established on 6 April 1930, the Order of the Red Star was an Order (decoration) of the Soviet Union, given to Red Army and Navy personnel for exceptional service in the cause of the Defense of the Soviet Union in both war and peace. ...

When Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941, Govorov was appointed Director of Artillery on the Western Front, in eastern Poland and Belarus. In this command Govorov came to the attention of General Georgi Zhukov, who became his patron. He played a leading role in the defensive battles around Moscow in December 1941 and in the Soviet counter-offensives during the winter of 1941-42. As a result he was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-General of Artillery. Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film). ... Marshal of the Soviet Union Georgi Zhukov Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov (Russian: Гео́ргий Константи́нович Жу́ков) (December 1, 1896 - June 18, 1974), Soviet military commander and... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... For the movie, see 1941 (film). ... For the movie, see 1941 (film). ... Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In April 1942 Govorov was appointed Soviet commander in Leningrad, a city which had been surrounded by the German and Finnish armies since November 1941 and which had endured a terrible famine during the winter of 1941-42 (see Siege of Leningrad). Here Govorov's background as an artilleryman and master of positional warfare was most valuable, since the city was under constant shelling, and one of Govorov's tasks was to lauch an artillery counter-offensive against the German guns. In January 1943 he commanded the Leningrad forces in the combined attack called Operation Spark, which captured Schlisselburg and broke the German blockade of Leningrad. In June 1944, during the liberation of the Northern Leningrad region and subsequent invasion of Finland he was promoted to the rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union. Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and... For the movie, see 1941 (film). ... For the movie, see 1941 (film). ... Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Combatants Germany Spanish Blue Division Soviet Union Commanders Wilhelm von Leeb Georg von Küchler Agustín Muñoz Grandes Kliment Voroshilov Georgiy Zhukov Strength 725,000 930,000 Casualties Unknown Red Army: 332,059 KIA 24,324 non-combat dead 111,142 missing 16,470 civilians 1 million civilians... Year 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Operation Spark (1943) (Russian: Операция Искра, operatsia iskra) was a military operation by the Red Army during January 12 —January 18, 1943 which intended to create a land connection to break the siege of Leningrad conducted by the German Wehrmacht. ... Orechovets is an island with the fortress Oreshek (Nöteborg in Swedish, given the name Schlisselburg/Schlüsselburg after its re-conquest by Peter the Great in 1702). ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... The rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union (Russian: Marshal Sovietskogo Soyuza [Маршал Советского Союза]) was in practice the highest military rank of the Soviet Union. ...

When the Soviet forces advanced south and west from Leningrad in 1944, Govorov commanded the Red Army artillery during the liberation of Novgorod, the reoccupation of Estonia and Latvia, and the advance into Poland. Leonid Govorov was awarded the title of the Hero of the Soviet Union on January 27 of 1945. 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Velikiy Novgorod (Russian: ) is the foremost historic city of North-Western Russia, situated on the M10(E95) federal highway connecting Moscow and St. ... Hero of the Soviet Union (Russian: Герой Советского Союза, Geroy Sovyetskovo Soyuza) was the highest honorary title and the superior degree of distinction of the Soviet Union. ... is the 27th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ...

In the postwar years Govorov was commander of the Leningrad Military District, and then Chief Inspector of Ground Forces. In 1948 he was appointed Commander of National Air Defense Forces, and in 1952 he also became Deputy Minister of Defense. In these posts he oversaw the modernisation of the Soviet air defense system for the age of the jet aircraft and the atomic bomb. But Govorov was by this time suffering from chronic heart disease, and died in March 1955. Military districts are territorial entities used for the purposes of military planning and strategizing. ... Year 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1952 (MCMLII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jet aircraft are aircrafts with jet engines. ... The mushroom cloud of the atomic bombing of Nagasaki, Japan, 1945, rose some 18 km (11 mi) above the epicenter. ... Year 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar). ...

References

• David Glantz, Colossus Reborn: The Red Army at War 1941-43, University Press of Kansas, 2005, p.395