Louis "Lepke" Buchalter (6 February 1897 - 4 March 1944) was a Jewish American mobster who was the notorious head of Murder, Inc., the enforcement arm of the National Crime Syndicate. He is the only major mob boss to ever have been executed by state or federal authorities for his crimes. February 6 is the 37th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1897 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... March 4 is the 63rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (64th in leap years). ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... // The word Jew (Hebrew: יהודי transliterated: Yehudi) is used in many ways, but generally refers to a follower of Judaism, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity; and often a combination of these attributes. ... Murder, Inc. ... The National Crime Syndicate was the name given to an organized crime syndicate, set up in the 1930s, by Charles Lucky Luciano and based out of New York City. ...

Born Louis Bookhouse on the Lower East Side of Manhattan, Buchalter, as a young man, became a member of the Amboy Dukes, a street gang in the Brooklyn neighborhood of Brownsville named after Amboy Street (a local road). He became involved in push cart shoplifting and by 1919 had served two prison terms. Together with friend Jacob "Gurrah" Shapiro, he ultimately gained control of the garment industry unions on the Lower East Side. He used the unions to threaten strikes and demand weekly payments from factory owners while simultaneously dipping into union bank accounts. His control of the unions later evolved into a general protection racket, extending into such areas as bakery trucking. The unions were an extremely profitable venture for him, and he kept an iron grip on them even after becoming a big-time player in the mob. Categories: Manhattan neighborhoods | Stub ... Manhattan Borough,highlighted in yellow, lies between the East River and the Hudson River. ... A map highlighting Brooklyn and the rest of New York City. ... Brownsville is a neighborhood in central Brooklyn, New York. ... Shoplifting (also known as retail theft) is theft of merchandise for sale in a shop, store, or other retail establishment, usually by a would-be patron or customer. ... 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

Buchalter's general protection racket was an idea used by gangsters all over New York City; what made Buchalter stand out from the rest of the pack, however, was his intolerance of those who didn't pay him. With other hoods, a person who defaulted on payments would get his legs broken. In Buchalter's case, if someone didn't cough up the cash, he or she was simply killed: no second chances whatsoever. Not only would his henchmen kill shopkeepers, they would loot the place before the killing and then burn it afterwards. Buchalter learned the general order of things early on: looting, rape, pillage, arson. His eventual Achilles heel proved to be an informant who said Buchalter was behind two out of every three cases of arson in Manhattan. The city is at the center of international finance, politics, entertainment, and culture, and is one of the worlds major global cities (along with London, Tokyo and Paris) with a virtually unrivaled collection of museums, galleries, performance venues, media outlets, international corporations, and stock exchanges. ...

Buchalter's success with the protection rackets propelled him to the top of the crime world; the piles of money he raked in were being coveted by old-school Mafia chieftain Salvatore Maranzano by 1929. So, for help, Buchalter went to an old friend: Lucky Luciano. Luciano first arranged the rubout of Maranzano's hated rival, Joe Masseria, using Bugsy Siegel, Joe Adonis, Vito Genovese, and Albert Anastasia as the executioners; he then engineered the elimination of Maranzano, establishing himself as the top mob boss in New York City. The Mafia, also referred to in Italian as Cosa Nostra (lit. ... Salvatore Maranzano (1868-September 10, 1931) was an organized crime figure from the town of Castellammare del Golfo, Sicily, and an early Mafia boss in the United States. ... 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Lucky Luciano. ... Joe The Boss Masseria Giuseppe Joe The Boss Masseria (1879–April 15, 1931) was an early Mafia don in the United States. ... Ben Bugsy Siegal Benjamin Bugsy Siegel (February 28, 1906 – June 20, 1947) was an American gangster, popularly thought to be the impetus behind large-scale development of Las Vegas. ... Joe Adonis Joe Adonis (22 November 1902 - 26 November 1972) was an Italian-American mobster who became one of the most powerful figures in U.S. organized crime during the mid-20th century. ... Vito Genovese (November 2, 1897 - February 14, 1969) was a mafioso who rose to power in America during the Castellammarese War to later become leader of the Genovese crime family. ... Albert Anastasia (February 26, 1902–October 25, 1957), also known as the Mad Hatter and Lord High Executioner, was a Mafia boss chiefly remembered for running the contract-killing syndicate known as Murder, Inc. ... The city is at the center of international finance, politics, entertainment, and culture, and is one of the worlds major global cities (along with London, Tokyo and Paris) with a virtually unrivaled collection of museums, galleries, performance venues, media outlets, international corporations, and stock exchanges. ...

In the early 1930s, Luciano, Buchalter (who had taken on the nickname Lepke, meaning "Little Louis" in Yiddish), and Johnny Torrio (the former Chicago boss and mentor of Al Capone) formed the National Crime Syndicate, an umbrella organization of all major organized crime groups coast-to-coast. As a founding member, and also as a reward for his support of the murders of Masseria and Maranzano, Buchalter obtained a seat on the Syndicate's "board of directors." To take care of "problems," Luciano's associates Bugsy Siegel and Meyer Lansky formed Murder, Inc. Originally a band of Brooklyn killers of mostly Jewish origin, they were highly effective and eventually used to fulfill most Syndicate contracts. Control of the group soon passed to Buchalter and Albert Anastasia, as Siegel and Lansky had larger concerns to deal with. // Events and trends The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the global depression. ... Yiddish (ייִדיש, Jiddisch) is a Germanic language spoken by about four million Jews throughout the world. ... Johnny The Fox Torrio (February 1882 - April 16, 1957) was an Italian-American mobster famous for building a criminal empire in Chicago during the 1920s that would later be inherited by his protege, Al Capone. ... Chicago (officially named the City of Chicago) is the third largest city in the United States (after New York City and Los Angeles), with an official population of 2,896,016, as of the 2000 census. ... FBI mugshot of Capone, 1931 Alphonse Gabriel Capone (January 17, 1899 – January 25, 1947), popularly known as Al Scarface Capone, was an infamous American gangster in the 1920s and 1930s, although his business card reportedly described him as a used furniture dealer. ... The National Crime Syndicate was the name given to an organized crime syndicate, set up in the 1930s, by Charles Lucky Luciano and based out of New York City. ... An umbrella organization is an association of (often related, industry specific) institutions, who work together formally to coordinate activities or pool resources. ... Organized crime is crime carried out systematically by formal criminal organizations. ... Ben Bugsy Siegal Benjamin Bugsy Siegel (February 28, 1906 – June 20, 1947) was an American gangster, popularly thought to be the impetus behind large-scale development of Las Vegas. ... Lanskys mugshot (see also the full image with profile) Meyer Lansky (born Majer SuchowliÅ„ski, July 4, 1902 – January 15, 1983), was a gangster born in Grodno, then part of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth occupied by the Russian Empire but now in Belarus. ... Murder, Inc. ... A map highlighting Brooklyn and the rest of New York City. ... // The word Jew (Hebrew: יהודי transliterated: Yehudi) is used in many ways, but generally refers to a follower of Judaism, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity; and often a combination of these attributes. ... Albert Anastasia (February 26, 1902–October 25, 1957), also known as the Mad Hatter and Lord High Executioner, was a Mafia boss chiefly remembered for running the contract-killing syndicate known as Murder, Inc. ...

Buchalter was probably the bloodiest Jewish gangster of all time. He constantly wore wool suits, but they couldn't warm up his eyes, which were hyperbolically said to be like blocks of ice. He was adept at commanding others to murder for him, ordering assassinations on the phone from his grandmother's house without so much as batting an eye. As many as a hundred corpses have been attributed to Buchalter himself; those under his control may have slain a thousand more nationwide. Some of the more famous hitmen at Buchalter's disposal included Abe Reles, Seymour Magoon, Frank Abbandando, Harry Maione, Albert Tannenbaum, and the infamous Harry Strauss. The rubout of Dutch Schultz on 23 October 1935 was a major killing for the group, as was the murder of Louis Amberg the same day. Buchalter naturally attracted a lot of attention from the FBI during the early 1930s, but thanks to bribed federal judges and other friends in high places, Buchalter got off scot-free every time. Abe Kid Twist Reles (1907 – 12 November 1941) was a Jewish American mobster who was probably the most feared hitman in the stable of Murder, Inc. ... Frank Abbandando (1910-February 19, 1942) was a New York City gangster and Mafia hitman. ... Harry Happy Maione (1908 - 1942) was an Italian-American hitman for Murder, Inc. ... Albert Tannenbaum, nicknamed Allie or Tick-Tock, was a Jewish- American hitman for Murder, Inc. ... Harry Pittsburgh Phil Strauss (July 28, 1909 - June 12, 1941) was a contract killer for Murder, Inc. ... Dutch Schultz, whose given name was Arthur Flegenheimer (August 6, 1902– October 24, 1935), was a New York City-area gangster of the 1920s and 30s. ... October 23 is the 296th day of the year (297th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 69 days remaining. ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is a Federal police force which is the principal investigative arm of the United States Department of Justice (DOJ). ... // Events and trends The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the global depression. ...

Buchalter's downfall began in the mid-1930s, when he went on the run from both the FBI, who wanted to nail him on a narcotics charge, and New York City special prosecutor Thomas E. Dewey, who wanted him put away for his Syndicate activities. He was tricked by a childhood friend into surrendering to the feds in exchange for not getting turned over to Dewey, and ended up incarcerated at Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary in Kansas on a 14-year term for narcotics. The sentence was later extended to 30 years on account of Buchalter's involvement in union racketeering. // Events and trends The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the global depression. ... The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is a Federal police force which is the principal investigative arm of the United States Department of Justice (DOJ). ... The city is at the center of international finance, politics, entertainment, and culture, and is one of the worlds major global cities (along with London, Tokyo and Paris) with a virtually unrivaled collection of museums, galleries, performance venues, media outlets, international corporations, and stock exchanges. ... Thomas Dewey - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes. ...

On 13 September 1936, Buchalter's men murdered Brooklyn candy store owner Joseph Rosen, a former garment industry trucker who was told to shut up and get out of town, but didn't. The order for the hit had been overheard by Abe Reles, who turned informant for New York State in 1940 and fingered Buchalter for four murders. Brought from Kansas to New York City to stand trial for the Rosen slaying, Buchalter's position was worsened by the testimony of another turncoat, Albert Tannenbaum. A mere four hours after they were handed the case, the jury arrived at a verdict at 2 a.m. Buchalter was guilty of murder in the first degree, and the penalty at the time for such a crime in the state of New York was death by electrocution. A map highlighting Brooklyn and the rest of New York City. ... Abe Kid Twist Reles (1907 – 12 November 1941) was a Jewish American mobster who was probably the most feared hitman in the stable of Murder, Inc. ... State nickname: The Empire State Official languages None. ... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... State nickname: The Sunflower State Official languages None Capital Topeka Largest city Wichita Governor Kathleen Sebelius (D) Senators Sam Brownback (R) Pat Roberts (R) Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 15th 82,277 mi²; 213,096 km² 0. ... The city is at the center of international finance, politics, entertainment, and culture, and is one of the worlds major global cities (along with London, Tokyo and Paris) with a virtually unrivaled collection of museums, galleries, performance venues, media outlets, international corporations, and stock exchanges. ... Albert Tannenbaum, nicknamed Allie or Tick-Tock, was a Jewish- American hitman for Murder, Inc. ... State nickname: The Empire State Official languages None. ... The first electric chair, which was used to execute William Kemmler in 1890 The electric chair is a device used in some states in the United States for execution of criminals convicted of capital crimes, usually capital murder. ...

Buchalter's conviction took place in December 1941, and the New York State Court of Appeals, upon review of his case, upheld his conviction and death sentence in October 1942. At the time, Buchalter was serving out his racketeering sentence at Leavenworth, and New York demanded that he be turned over to them for execution. The gangster put up a valiant fight, calling in favors from friends in the Department of Justice and the courts, and managed to remain in Kansas and out of New York's hands until January 1944. Look up December in Wiktionary, the free dictionary December is the twelfth and last month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film) 1941 (MCMXLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... State nickname: The Empire State Official languages None. ... Court of Appeals is the title of certain appellate courts in various jurisdictions. ... Look up October in Wiktionary, the free dictionary October is the tenth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... This article is about the year. ... State nickname: The Empire State Official languages None. ... Justice Department redirects here. ... State nickname: The Empire State Official languages None. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Once turned over, his execution was originally slated to take place on 2 March, but the state's highest court decided to give the case one final review, forcing Dewey (who was now the governor of New York state) to grant Buchalter, Mendy Weiss, and Louis Capone (no relation to Al) a 48-hour reprieve. Buchalter sought to bargain with Dewey: he would give the governor (who was running as the GOP candidate against Franklin D. Roosevelt for president in that year's election) information about the criminal wrongdoings of some high-ranking U.S. public officials in exchange for the revocation of his execution, but Dewey, to his credit, was not willing to compromise his integrity even at the expense of the presidency, and would have none of it. Buchalter had run out of luck. March 2 is the 61st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (62nd in leap years). ... Louis Capone (1896 - 4 March 1944) was an American organized crime figure. ... Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945), 32nd President of the United States (1933-1945), is best known for his leading the U.S. through the Great Depression via his New Deal, his building a powerful political coalition, the New Deal Coalition, that dominated American politics for decades...

Louis "Lepke" Buchalter, arguably one of the most powerful figures in organized crime history, was executed in Sing Sing's electric chair on 4 March 1944. Organized crime is crime carried out systematically by formal criminal organizations. ... Alternative meaning: Sing Sing (band) Sing Sing Correctional Facility is a prison in Ossining, New York. ... The first electric chair, which was used to execute William Kemmler in 1890 The electric chair is a device used in some states in the United States for execution of criminals convicted of capital crimes, usually capital murder. ... March 4 is the 63rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (64th in leap years). ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ...