 In ancient times the metal copper was associated with the Roman goddess Venus because of its visual appeal. Copper's ancient alchemy symbol became a sign for both the goddess and the planet. It was later also used to represent the female in biology and popular culture. Here, it is doubled and twined in symbolic hues of lilac as a sign for lesbian. A lesbian is a woman who is romantically and sexually attracted only to other women.[1][2] Women who are attracted to both women and men are more often referred to as bisexual. An individual's self-identification might not correspond with her behavior, and may be expressed with either, both, or neither of these words. Lesbian can mean: A lesbian, a female who is aesthetically, sexually, or romantically attracted to other females. ...
Image File history File links Lesbian_sign. ...
Image File history File links Lesbian_sign. ...
For other uses, see Copper (disambiguation). ...
Marble Venus of the Capitoline Venus type, Roman (British Museum) Venus was a major Roman goddess principally associated with love and beauty, the rough equivalent of the Greek goddess Aphrodite. ...
For other uses, see Alchemy (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Venus (disambiguation). ...
For the song by Girls Aloud see Biology (song) Biology studies the variety of life (clockwise from top-left) E. coli, tree fern, gazelle, Goliath beetle Biology (from Greek: βίος, bio, life; and λόγος, logos, speech lit. ...
Lilac is a color that is a pale shade of violet. ...
Diverse women. ...
This article primarily discusses philosophical ideologies in relation to the subject of romantic love. ...
An intimate relationship is a interpersonal relationship where there is a great deal of physical or emotional intimacy. ...
In human sexuality, bisexuality describes a man or woman having a sexual orientation to persons of either or both sexes (a man or woman who sexually likes both sexes; people who are sexually and/or romantically attracted to both males and females). ...
[edit] History - See also: History of lesbianism
The earliest known written references to same-sex love between women are attributed to Sappho (the eponym of sapphism), who lived on the island of Lesbos in ancient Greece from about 625 to 570 BCE and wrote poems which apparently expressed her sexual attraction to other females. Modern scholarship has suggested a parallel between ancient Greek pederasty and the friendships Sappho formed with her students.[3][4] Lesbian relationships were also common among the Lacedaemonians of ancient Sparta. Plutarch wrote "love was so esteemed among them that girls also became the erotic objects of noble women."[5] // It is speculated that many men in ancient Greece sought homosexual relationships because of the low intellectual status of women, as in classical Athens. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (960 × 1,280 pixels, file size: 569 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Museo archeologico di Istanbul, Stanza 6. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (960 × 1,280 pixels, file size: 569 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Museo archeologico di Istanbul, Stanza 6. ...
For other uses, see Sappho (disambiguation). ...
Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew from a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula circa the 9th century BC to a massive empire straddling the Mediterranean Sea. ...
The term ancient Greece refers to the periods of Greek history in Classical Antiquity, lasting ca. ...
The initialism LGBT also GLBT is in use (since the 1990s) to refer collectively to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender people. ...
Queer studies is the study of issues relating to sexual orientation and gender identity. ...
Image File history File links Gay_flag. ...
GAY can mean: Gay, a term referring to homosexual men or women The IATA code for Gaya Airport Category: ...
“Bisexual†redirects here. ...
A transgender woman at New York Citys gay pride parade Transgender (IPA: , from trans (Latin) and gender (English)) is a general term applied to a variety of individuals, behaviors, and groups involving tendencies that diverge from the normative gender role (woman or man) commonly, but not always, assigned at...
Homosexuality refers to sexual interaction and / or romantic attraction between individuals of the same sex. ...
LGBT history refers to the history of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender cultures around the world, dating back to the first recorded instances of same-sex love and sexuality within ancient civilizations. ...
LGBT rights Around the world · By country History · Groups · Activists Declaration of Montreal Same-sex relationships Marriage · Adoption Opposition · Discrimination Violence This box: This timeline of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) history details notable events in the Common Era West. ...
Gay Liberation (or Gay Lib) is the name used to describe the radical lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgendered movement of the late 1960s and early to mid 1970s in North America, Western Europe, and Australia and New Zealand. ...
For the LGBT rights article for a particular country, see LGBT rights by country. ...
This is a timeline of AIDS, including some discussion of early AIDS cases (especially those before 1980). ...
Christopher Street Parade Sexuality and gender identity-based cultures concern the culture, knowledge, and references shared by members of sexual minorities or transgendered people by virtue of their membership in those minorities or their state of being transgendered. ...
The sociological construct of a gay community is complex among those that classify themselves as homosexual, ranging from full-embracement to complete and utter rejection of the concept. ...
Front line of Gay Pride parade in Paris, France; June 2005 Gay pride or LGBT pride refers to a world wide movement and philosophy asserting that lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender individuals should be proud of their sexual orientation and gender identity. ...
For other uses, see Coming out (disambiguation). ...
Gay slang or LGBT slang in linguistics refers to a form of English slang used predominantly among LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) people. ...
A gay village (also gay ghetto or gayborhood) is an urban geographic location with generally recognized boundaries where a large number of gay, lesbian, transgender, and bisexual people live. ...
The tone or style of this article or section may not be appropriate for Wikipedia. ...
For the novel by William S. Burroughs, see Queer (novel). ...
Questioning is a term that can refer to a person who is questioning his or her sexual identity or sexual orientation. ...
World laws on homosexuality Legality of same-sex unions in the US. Legality of same-sex unions in Europe. ...
One of four newly wedded same-sex couples in a public wedding at Taiwan Pride 2006. ...
As unregistered cohabitation Recognised in some regions Recognised prior to legalisation of same-sex marriage Netherlands (nationwide) (1998) Spain (12 of 17 communities) (1998) South Africa (nationwide) (1999) Belgium (nationwide) (2000) Canada (QC, NS and MB) (2001) Recognition debated See also Same-sex marriage Registered partnership Domestic partnership Common-law...
LGBT adoption refers to the adoption of children by lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgendered people. ...
A sodomy law is a law that defines certain sexual acts as sex crimes. ...
LGBT rights Around the world By country History · Groups · Activists Declaration of Montreal Same-sex relationships Marriage · Adoption Opposition · Discrimination Violence This box: The militaries of the world have a variety of responses to gays, lesbians and bisexuals. ...
A Jewish cemetery in France after being defaced by Neo-Nazis. ...
This list indexes the articles on LGBT rights in each country and significant non-country region (e. ...
For other uses, see Sappho (disambiguation). ...
An eponym is the name of a person, whether real or fictitious, who has (or is thought to have) given rise to the name of a particular place, tribe, discovery, or other item. ...
Lesbos may refer to: Lesbos Island, a large Greek island in the Aegean Sea Lesbos Prefecture, the Greek prefecture that contains the island Slang word for Lesbians. ...
The term ancient Greece refers to the periods of Greek history in Classical Antiquity, lasting ca. ...
Pederastic courtship scene Athenian black-figure amphora, 5th c. ...
Zephyrus and Hyacinthus Hyacinthus, beloved of Apollo was a patron hero of pederasty in Sparta. ...
For modern day Sparta, see Sparti (municipality). ...
Mestrius Plutarchus (Greek: ΠλοÏταÏχος; 46 - 127), better known in English as Plutarch, was a Greek historian, biographer, essayist, and Middle Platonist. ...
Accounts of lesbian relationships are found in poetry and stories from ancient China. Research by anthropologist Liza Dalby, based mostly on erotic poems exchanged between women, has suggested lesbian relationships were commonplace and socially accepted in Japan during the Heian Period. In medieval Arabia there were reports of relations between harem residents, although these were sometimes suppressed. For example Caliph Musa al-Hadi ordered the beheading of two girls who were surprised during lovemaking.[6] During the twelfth-century Etienne de Fougères derided lesbians in his Livre des manières (about CE 1170), likening them to hens behaving as roosters and reflecting a general tendency among religious and secular authorities in Europe to reject any notion women could be properly sexual without men.[7] Liza Crihfield Dalby is an American anthropologist and novelist specializing in Japanese culture. ...
The following text needs to be harmonized with text in the article History of Japan#Heian Period. ...
The Arabian Peninsula The Arabian Peninsula is a mainly desert peninsula in Southwest Asia at the junction of Africa and Asia and an important part of the greater Middle East. ...
For other uses, see Harem (disambiguation). ...
For main article see: Caliphate The Caliph (pronounced khaleef in Arabic) is the head of state in a Caliphate, and the title for the leader of the Islamic Ummah, an Islamic community ruled by the Sharia. ...
Abu Abdullah Musa ibn Mahdi al-Hadi (Arabic: أبو عبد الله موسى بن المهدي الهادي) (d. ...
[edit] Lesbian feminism - See also: Lesbian feminism and Feminism
Many lesbians have been involved in women's rights. Late in the 19th century, the term Boston marriage was used to describe romantic unions between women living together, often while contributing to the suffrage movement. Lesbian feminism gained renewed popularity in North America and Western Europe during the "second wave" of the 1970s and early 1980s. By the end of the 1970s lesbian feminism was accepted as a field of study within academic institutions, although mostly as a branch of feminist disciplines. More recently, lesbian feminism has emerged as an expression of dissatisfaction with the 1970s era second wave feminist and gay liberation movements.[8] Lesbian feminism is a cultural movement and critical perspective, most popular in the 1970s and early 1980s (primarily in North America and Western Europe) that questions the position of women and homosexuals in society. ...
Feminists redirects here. ...
The term women’s rights typically refers to freedoms inherently possessed by women and girls of all ages, which may be institutionalized or ignored and/or illegitimately suppressed by law or custom in a particular society. ...
In the 19th century, Boston marriage was a term used for households where two women lived together, independent of any male support. ...
...
Lesbian feminist texts have examined the influence of institutions such as patriarchy, capitalism and colonialism on gender and sexuality with mixed success, sometimes describing lesbianism as a rational result of alienation and dissatisfaction with these institutions. In her 1980 essay Compulsory Heterosexuality and Lesbian Existence, Adrienne Rich characterized heterosexuality as a violent political institution making way for the "male right of physical, economical, and emotional access" to women. Other key thinkers and activists have included Rita Mae Brown, Audre Lorde, Marilyn Frye, Mary Daly and Sheila Jeffreys. For other uses, see Patriarchy (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Capitalism (disambiguation). ...
It has been suggested that Benign colonialism be merged into this article or section. ...
Compulsory Heterosexuality and Lesbian Existence written in 1980, was published in Adrienne Richs 1986 book Blood, Bread, and Poetry. ...
Adrienne Rich (born May 16, 1929 in Baltimore, Maryland) is an American feminist, poet, teacher, and writer. ...
One version of a Heterosexuality symbol Heterosexuality is sexual or romantic attraction between opposite sexes, and is the most common sexual orientation among humans. ...
Political Institution is a web of relationships lasting over time, and an established structure of power. ...
Image of a woman on the Pioneer plaque sent to outer space. ...
Rita Mae Brown (born November 28, 1944) is a prolific American writer and social activist, notable for novels, poetry, and screenwriting. ...
Lorde redirects here. ...
Marilyn Frye is a philosophy professor and feminist theorist. ...
Mary Daly (born October 16, 1928 in Schenectady, New York) is a radical feminist theologian. ...
Sheila Jeffreys (born 1948) is a well-known and controversial radical lesbian feminist. ...
[edit] Sexuality - See also: Lesbian sexual practices
Sexual activity between women is as diverse as sex between heterosexuals or gay men. Some women in same-sex relationships do not identify as lesbian, but as bisexual, queer, or another label. As with any interpersonal activity, sexual expression depends on the context of the relationship. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (991x761, 178 KB) Summary From commons. ...
Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (991x761, 178 KB) Summary From commons. ...
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (IPA ) (November 24, 1864 – September 9, 1901) was a French painter, printmaker, draftsman, and illustrator, whose immersion in the decadent and theatrical life of fin de siècle Paris yielded an oeuvre of provocative images of modern life. ...
Lesbian sexual practices are many and sundry. ...
One version of a Heterosexuality symbol Heterosexuality is sexual or romantic attraction between opposite sexes, and is the most common sexual orientation among humans. ...
Homosexuality refers to sexual interaction and / or romantic attraction between individuals of the same sex. ...
“Bisexual†redirects here. ...
For the novel by William S. Burroughs, see Queer (novel). ...
Recent cultural changes in Western and a few other societies have enabled lesbians to express their sexuality more freely, which has resulted in new studies on the nature of female sexuality. Research undertaken by the U.S. Government's National Center for Health Research in 2002 was released in a 2005 report called Sexual Behavior and Selected Health Measures: Men and Women 15-44 Years of Age, United States, 2002. The results indicated that among women aged 15-44, 4.4 percent reported having had a sexual experience with another woman during the previous 12 months. When women aged 15–44 years of age were asked, "Have you ever had any sexual experience of any kind with another female?" 11 percent answered "yes". For alternative meanings for The West in the United States, see the U.S. West and American West. ...
There is a growing body of research and writing on lesbian sexuality, which has brought some debate about the control women have over their sexual lives, the fluidity of woman-to-woman sexuality, the redefinition of female sexual pleasure and the debunking of negative sexual stereotypes. One example of the latter is lesbian bed death, a term invented by sex researcher Pepper Schwartz to describe the supposedly inevitable diminution of sexual passion in long term lesbian relationships; this notion is rejected by many lesbians, who point out that passion tends to diminish in almost any relationship and many lesbian couples report happy and satisfying sex lives. This article is about the concept. ...
This article is about homosexual women, not inhabitants of the Greek island of Lesbos A lesbian (lowercase L) is a homosexual woman. ...
Pepper Schwartz, Ph. ...
[edit] Public policy In Western societies, explicit prohibitions on women's homosexual behavior have been markedly weaker than those on men's homosexual behavior. During the 1990s, dozens of chapters of Lesbian Avengers were formed to press for lesbian visibility and rights. Same-sex marriage has now been legalized in Netherlands, Spain, Belgium, Canada, and South Africa but it is still not permitted by many countries. In 2004 Massachusetts became the first state in the US to legalize same-sex marriages.[9] Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1096x1092, 200 KB)Lesbian married couple at San Francisco Pride 2004. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1096x1092, 200 KB)Lesbian married couple at San Francisco Pride 2004. ...
Same-sex marriage is a term for a legally, socially and/or religiously recognized marriage in which two people of the same sex live together as a family. ...
Drag queens on a float at San Francisco Pride 2005 Dykes on Bikes start the parade. ...
For alternative meanings for The West in the United States, see the U.S. West and American West. ...
LGBT rights Around the world · By country History · Groups · Activists Declaration of Montreal Same-sex relationships Marriage · Adoption Opposition · Persecution Violence The Lesbian Avengers is an activist group for queer women who want to promote lesbian issues and perspectives. ...
One of four newly wedded same-sex couples in a public wedding at Taiwan Pride 2006. ...
This article is about the U.S. state. ...
For other uses of terms redirecting here, see US (disambiguation), USA (disambiguation), and United States (disambiguation) Motto In God We Trust(since 1956) (From Many, One; Latin, traditional) Anthem The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City National language English (de facto)1 Demonym American...
Same-sex marriage (also called gay marriage, and—less frequently—homosexual marriage) refers to marriage between partners of the same gender (for other forms of same-sex unions that are different from marriages, see the articles linked in that section). ...
In the United Kingdom, lesbianism has never been illegal. In contrast, sexual activity between males was not made legal in England and Wales until 1967. It is said that lesbianism was left out of the Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1885 because Queen Victoria did not believe sex between women was possible, but this story may be apocryphal.[10] A 1921 proposal, put forward by Frederick Macquisten MP to criminalize lesbianism was rejected by the House of Lords; during the debate, Lord Birkenhead, the then Lord Chancellor argued that 999 women out of a thousand had "never even heard a whisper of these practices."[11] In 1928, the lesbian novel The Well of Loneliness was banned for obscenity in a highly publicized trial, not for any explicit sexual content but because it made an argument for acceptance.[12] Meanwhile other, less political novels with lesbian themes continued to circulate freely.[13] The Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1885, An Act to make further provision for the Protection of Women and Girls, the suppression of brothels, and other purposes was the latest in a twenty-five year series of legislation in the United Kingdom beginnning with the Offences against the Person Act...
This article is about the British House of Lords. ...
Time magazine, 20 August 1923 Frederick Edwin Smith, 1st Earl of Birkenhead, GCSI, PC (12 July 1872–30 September 1930) was a British Conservative statesman and lawyer of the early 20th century. ...
The Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, or Lord Chancellor and in former times Chancellor of England, is one of the most senior and important functionaries in the government of the United Kingdom. ...
The Well of Loneliness is a 1928 lesbian novel by the English author Radclyffe Hall. ...
Obscenity in Latin obscenus, meaning foul, repulsive, detestable, (possibly derived from ob caenum, literally from filth). The term is most often used in a legal context to describe expressions (words, images, actions) that offend the prevalent sexual morality of the time. ...
Jewish religious teachings condemn male homosexual behavior but say little about lesbian behavior. However, the approach in the modern State of Israel, with its largely secular Jewish majority, does not outlaw or persecute gay sexual orientation; marriage between gay couples is not sanctioned but common law status and official adoption of a gay person's child by his or her partner have been approved in precedent court rulings (after numerous high court appeals). There is also an annual Gay parade, usually held in Tel-Aviv; in 2006, the "World Pride" parade was scheduled to be held in Jerusalem. This article concerns secularity, that is, being secular, in various senses. ...
This article concerns the common-law legal system, as contrasted with the civil law legal system; for other meanings of the term, within the field of law, see common law (disambiguation). ...
Hebrew Arabic تَلْ أَبÙيبْ يَاÙَا Name Meaning Spring Hill Founded in 1909 Government City District Tel Aviv Population 384,600[1] Metropolitan Area: 3,150,800 (2006) Jurisdiction 51,788 dunams (51. ...
For other uses, see Jerusalem (disambiguation). ...
Western-style homosexuality is rarely tolerated elsewhere in the Muslim world, with the exception of Turkey where there are no laws or discriminative policies against lesbianism. It is punishable by imprisonment, lashings, or death in Saudi Arabia and Yemen. Though the law against lesbianism in Iran has reportedly been revoked or eased, prohibition of male homosexuality remains. Homosexuality refers to sexual interaction and / or romantic attraction between individuals of the same sex. ...
Nations with a Muslim majority appear in green, while nations that are approximately 50% Muslim appear yellow. ...
Homosexuality is a sexual orientation characterized by esthetic attraction, romantic love, or sexual desire exclusively for another of the same sex. ...
[edit] Reproduction and parenting rights | Sexual orientation | | Distinctions | | Asexuality
Bisexuality
Heterosexuality
Homosexuality
Pansexuality
Paraphiliac
Sexual orientation refers to the direction of an individuals sexuality, usually conceived of as classifiable according to the sex or gender of the persons whom the individual finds sexually attractive. ...
Sexology is the systematic study of human sexuality. ...
This article is about the sexual orientation in humans. ...
“Bisexual†redirects here. ...
One version of a Heterosexuality symbol Heterosexuality is sexual or romantic attraction between opposite sexes, and is the most common sexual orientation among humans. ...
Homosexuality refers to sexual interaction and / or romantic attraction between individuals of the same sex. ...
Pansexuality (sometimes referred to as omnisexuality[1]) is a sexual orientation characterized by the potential for aesthetic attraction, romantic love and/or sexual desire for people regardless of their gender identity or biological sex. ...
Look up paraphilia in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
| | Labels | | Gay
Lesbian
Queer
Questioning
GAY can mean: Gay, a term referring to homosexual men or women The IATA code for Gaya Airport Category: ...
For the novel by William S. Burroughs, see Queer (novel). ...
Questioning is a term that can refer to a person who is questioning their gender identity, sexual identity or sexual orientation. ...
| | Methods | | Kinsey scale
Klein Grid
The Kinsey scale attempts to measure sexual orientation, from 0 (exclusively heterosexual) to 6 (exclusively homosexual). ...
The Klein Sexual Orientation Grid attempts to further measure sexual orientation by expanding upon the earlier Kinsey scale which only considers from 0 (exclusively heterosexual) to 6 (exclusively homosexual). ...
| | Study | | Biology
Demographics
Medicine Sexuality researchers are often interested in homosexuality because there is evidence from twin studies that there is a biological involvement in its determination. ...
// Measuring the prevalence of various sexual orientations is difficult because there is a lack of reliable data. ...
This is the main article for the Category:Sexual orientation and medicine and Category:LGBT physicians. ...
| | Animal | | Homosexuality in animals
The Bonobo displays the highest rate of homosexual activity in any animal, being a fully bisexual species. ...
| | See also | | Intersex
Transgender
Transsexual
Intersexuality is the state of a person whose sex chromosomes, genitalia and/or secondary sex characteristics are determined to be neither exclusively male nor female. ...
A transgender woman at New York Citys gay pride parade Transgender (IPA: , from trans (Latin) and gender (English)) is a general term applied to a variety of individuals, behaviors, and groups involving tendencies that diverge from the normative gender role (woman or man) commonly, but not always, assigned at...
For the electronic music EP by Mr. ...
| | | - See also: Parenting by same-sex couples
Many lesbian couples seek to have children through adoption, but this is not legal in every country. Parenting by same-sex couples refers to the raising of children by gay, lesbian, or same-sex bisexual couples. ...
Adoption by same-sex couples refers to the adoption of children by gay or lesbian couples. ...
In some countries access to assisted birth technologies by lesbians has been the subject of debate. In Australia the High Court rejected a ban on access to in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatments for lesbian and single women.[14][15] Immediately after this High Court decision, Prime Minister John Howard amended legislation in order to prevent access to IVF for these groups, effectively overruling the High Court decision and enforcing the Roman Catholic position, which raised indignation from the gay and lesbian community as well as groups representing the rights of single women. High Court entrance The High Court of Australia is the final court of appeal in Australia, the highest court in the Australian court hierarchy. ...
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a technique in which egg cells are fertilized outside the mothers body in cases where conception is difficult or impossible through normal intercourse. ...
The Prime Minister of Australia is the head of government of the Commonwealth of Australia, holding office on commission from the Governor-General. ...
John Winston Howard (born 26 July 1939) is an Australian politician and the 25th Prime Minister of Australia. ...
Legislation (or statutory law) is law which has been promulgated (or enacted) by a legislature or other governing body. ...
[edit] Parthenogenesis - See also: Lesbian utopia
Parthenogenesis occurs naturally in some plant and insect species but not in mammals. However, scientists have created mice pups from two female mice. There is a possibility that with further research the same or similar procedure could allow two human females to be the genetic parents of the same child.[16] Additionally, parthenogenesis and cloning opens the prospect for any single individual, male or female to eventually be able to reproduce themselves. Lesbian sign Lesbian utopia refers to a conceptual community made up entirely of biological females who are not dependent on men for anything. ...
For the religious belief, see Virgin Birth of Jesus. ...
Mice may refer to: An abbreviation of Meetings, Incentives, Conferencing, Exhibitions. ...
This article is about the general scientific term. ...
[edit] Culture Throughout history hundreds of lesbians have been well-known figures in the arts and culture. This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy certain standards for completeness. ...
This article is about Arts as a group of disciplines. ...
For other uses, see Culture (disambiguation). ...
Before the influence of European sexology emerged at the turn of the Twentieth Century, in cultural terms female homosexuality remained almost invisible as compared to male homosexuality, which was subject to the law and thus more regulated and reported by the press. However with the publication of works by sexologists like Karl Heinrich Ulrichs, Richard von Krafft-Ebing, Havelock Ellis, Edward Carpenter, and Magnus Hirschfeld, the concept of active female homosexuality became better known. Sexology is the systematic study of human sexuality. ...
-1...
Richard Freiherr von Krafft-Ebing (August 4, 1840–December 22, 1902), German psychiatrist, wrote Psychopathia Sexualis (1886), a famous study of sexual perversity, and remains well-known for his coinage of the term sadism. ...
Henry Havelock Ellis (February 2, 1859 - July 8, 1939), known as Havelock Ellis, was a British doctor, sexual psychologist and social reformer. ...
Edward Carpenter in 1875. ...
Magnus Hirschfeld in 1933 Magnus Hirschfeld (Kolberg, May 14, 1868 - Nice, May 14, 1935) was a prominent German-Jewish physician, sexologist, and gay rights advocate. ...
As female homosexuality became more visible it was described as a medical condition. In Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality (1905), Sigmund Freud referred to female homosexuality as inversion or inverts and characterised female inverts as possessing male characteristics. Freud drew on the "third sex" ideas popularized by Magnus Hirschfeld and others. While Freud admitted he had not personally studied any such "aberrant" patients he placed a strong emphasis on psychological rather than biological causes. Freud's writings did not become well-known in English-speaking countries until the late 1920s. Sigmund Freud (IPA: ), born Sigismund Schlomo Freud (May 6, 1856 – September 23, 1939), was an Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist who founded the psychoanalytic school of psychology. ...
This combination of sexology and psychoanalysis eventually had a lasting impact on the general tone of most lesbian cultural productions. A notable example is the 1928 novel The Well of Loneliness by Radclyffe Hall, in which these sexologists are mentioned along with the term invert, which later fell out of favour in common usage. Freud's interpretation of lesbian behavior has since been rejected by most psychiatrists and scholars, although recent biological research has provided findings that may bolster a Hirschfeld-ian "third sex" interpretation of same-sex attraction. Sexology is the systematic study of human sexuality. ...
Today psychoanalysis comprises several interlocking theories concerning the functioning of the mind. ...
The Well of Loneliness is a 1928 lesbian novel by the English author Radclyffe Hall. ...
Image:Radclyffe-hall-190x274. ...
For the song by Girls Aloud see Biology (song) Biology studies the variety of life (clockwise from top-left) E. coli, tree fern, gazelle, Goliath beetle Biology (from Greek: βίος, bio, life; and λόγος, logos, speech lit. ...
Third gender was used from the late 19th century to describe people who did not fit into the then existing gender categories: female genitalia = female identity = female behavior = desire male partner male genitalia = male identity = male behavior = desires female partner Today this scheme is also known as binary gender system...
Since the 1980s lesbians have been increasingly visible in mainstream cultural fields such as music (Melissa Etheridge, K.D. Lang and the Indigo Girls), television (Ellen DeGeneres, Rosie O'Donnell, and Portia de Rossi), sports (Martina Navrátilová, Amélie Mauresmo, Lisa Raymond and Billie Jean King) and in comic books (Alison Bechdel and Diane DiMassa). More recently lesbian eroticism has flowered in fine art photography and the writing of authors such as Pat Califia, Jeanette Winterson and Sarah Waters and Stella Duffy. There is an increasing body of lesbian films such as Desert Hearts, Go Fish, Loving Annabelle, Watermelon Woman, Oranges Are Not The Only Fruit, Everything Relative, and Better than Chocolate (see List of lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender-related films). Classic novels such as those by Jane Rule, Vin Packer, Ann Aldrich, and Ann Bannon have been reprinted. Moreover, prominent and controversial academic writers such as Camille Paglia and Germaine Greer also identify with lesbianism. Melissa Lou Etheridge (born May 29, 1961, in Leavenworth, Kansas) is an Academy Award-winning and two-time Grammy Award-winning American rock musician and singer. ...
Kathryn Dawn Lang, OC (born November 2, 1961), best known by the stage name k. ...
Indigo Girls are an American folk rock duo, consisting of Amy Ray and Emily Saliers. ...
Ellen Lee DeGeneres (born January 26, 1958) is an American stand-up comedian, actress, and currently the Emmy Award-winning host of the syndicated talk show The Ellen DeGeneres Show. ...
Rosie ODonnell (born March 21, 1962 in Bayside, Queens, New York) is an 11-time Emmy Award-winning American talk show host, television personality, comedienne, film, television, and stage actress. ...
Portia de Rossi, born Amanda Lee Rogers on January 31, 1973, is an Australian actress who is best known for her roles as lawyer Nelle Porter on the television series Ally McBeal and as Lindsay Bluth Fünke on the television series Arrested Development. ...
Martina Navrátilová (b. ...
Amélie Simone Mauresmo ( in French) (born on 5 July 1979) is a French professional tennis player. ...
Lisa Raymond (born August 10, 1973 in Norristown, Pennsylvania) is a professional female tennis player from the United States. ...
Billie Jean Moffitt King (born November 22, 1943 in Long Beach, California) is a retired tennis player from the United States. ...
Alison Bechdel (born September 10, 1960) is an American cartoonist. ...
Diane DiMassa (born 1959) is an American feminist author and cartoonist. ...
Fine art photography, sometimes simply called art photography, refers to high-quality archival photographic prints of pictures that are created to fulfill the creative vision of an individual professional. ...
Patrick Califia (born 1954 near Corpus Christi, Texas) is a writer about womens sexuality and of erotic fiction. ...
Jeanette Winterson OBE (born August 27, 1959) is a British novelist. ...
Sarah Waters is a British novelist. ...
Desert Hearts is a 1985 lesbian-themed romantic drama film loosely based on the Jane Rule novel Desert of the Heart. ...
Loving Annabelle is a 2006 film directed by Katherine Brooks. ...
Oranges Are Not The Only Fruit was a critically acclaimed BBC television 1989 mini-series, directed by Beeban Kidron. ...
Better Than Chocolate is a 1999 Canadian romance/comedy movie shot in Vancouver directed by Anne Wheeler. ...
This is a list of lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender-related films. ...
Jane Vance Rule, C.M., O.B.C. (March 28, 1931-November 27, 2007) was a Canadian writer of lesbian-themed novels and non-fiction. ...
Camille Anna Paglia (born April 2, 1947 in Endicott, New York) is an American social critic, author and teacher. ...
Germaine Greer (born January 29, 1939) is an Australian-born writer, broadcaster and retired academic, widely regarded as one of the most significant feminist voices of the 20th century. ...
[edit] Media depictions Lesbians often attract media attention, particularly in relation to feminism, love and sexual relationships, marriage and parenting. Some writers have asserted this trend can lead to exploitive and unjustified plot devices.[17] Feminists redirects here. ...
One of four newly wedded same-sex couples in a public wedding at Taiwan Pride 2006. ...
A parent is a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian // Mother This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
[edit] Fiction - See also: Category:Lesbian writers, Category:Lesbian novels, Lesbian fiction, and Lesbian literature
During the twentieth century lesbians such as Gertrude Stein and Barbara Hammer were noted in the US avant-garde art movements, along with figures such as Leontine Sagan in German pre-war cinema. Since the 1890s the underground classic The Songs of Bilitis has been influential on lesbian culture. This book provided a name for the first campaigning and cultural organization in the United States, the Daughters of Bilitis. Lesbian fiction is a subgenre of fiction that involves primary one or more primary female homosexual character(s) and lesbian themes. ...
Lesbian literature includes works by lesbian authors, as well as lesbian-themed works by heterosexual authors. ...
Gertrude Stein (February 3, 1874 – July 27, 1946) was an American writer who became a catalyst in the development of modern art and literature. ...
Barbara Hammer is a lesbian filmmaker in the genre of experimental films. ...
A work similar to Marcel Duchamps Fountain Avant garde (written avant-garde) is a French phrase, one of many French phrases used by English speakers. ...
A scene from Mädchen in Uniform (Germany, 1931), the first openly lesbian feature film. ...
The Songs of Bilitis (Les Chansons de Bilitis; Paris, 1894) is a collection of poetry by Pierre Louÿs (1870-1925). ...
The Daughters of Bilitis (DOB) was formed in San Francisco, California in 1955 by Del Martin and Phyllis Lyon along with six other women. ...
During the 1950s and 1960s lesbian pulp fiction was published in the US and UK, often under "coded" titles such as Odd Girl Out, The Evil Friendship by Vin Packer and the The Beebo Brinker Chronicles by Ann Bannon. British school stories also provided a haven for "coded" and sometimes outright lesbian fiction. Odd Girl Out is a lesbian pulp fiction novel written in 1957 by Ann Bannon (pseudonym of Ann Weldy). ...
M. E. Kerr (pen name of Marijane Meaker, born May 27, 1927), is an American author, primarily of young adult fiction. ...
Ann Bannon (pseudonym of Ann Weldy) wrote a series of six lesbian pulp fiction books from 1957 to 1962 known as The Beebo Brinker Chronicles. ...
Lesbian fiction is a subgenre of fiction that involves primary one or more primary female homosexual character(s) and lesbian themes. ...
During the 1970s the second wave of feminist era lesbian novels became more politically oriented. Works often carried the explicit ideological messages of separatist feminism and the trend carried over to other lesbian arts. Rita Mae Brown's debut novel Rubyfruit Jungle was a milestone of this period. By the early 1990s lesbian culture was being influenced by a younger generation who had not taken part in the "Feminist Sex Wars" and this strongly informed post-feminist queer theory along with the new queer culture. Separatist feminism is a form of feminism that does not support heterosexual relationships due to a belief that sexual disparities between men and women are unresolvable. ...
Rita Mae Brown (born November 28, 1944) is a prolific American writer and social activist, notable for novels, poetry, and screenwriting. ...
Rubyfruit Jungle is the first novel (1973) by Rita Mae Brown, remarkable for its explicit lesbianism. ...
The Feminist Sex Wars, Lesbian Sex Wars, or simply the Sex Wars or Porn Wars, refers to the acrimonious debates within the feminist movement and lesbian community in the late 1970s through the 1980s around the issues of pornography, sex work, sadomasochism, gender identity, sex roles, and other sexual issues. ...
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For the novel by William S. Burroughs, see Queer (novel). ...
In 1972 the Berkeley, California lesbian journal Libera published a paper entitled Heterosexuality in Women: its Causes and Cure. Written in deadpan, academic prose, closely paralleling previous psychiatry-journal articles on homosexuality among women, this paper inverted prevailing assumptions about what is normal and deviant or pathological and was widely read by lesbian feminists. Berkeley is a city on the east shore of San Francisco Bay in Northern California, in the United States. ...
- See also Lesbianism in erotica
Paintings showing two or more females together seldom displayed much in the way of potential sexual activity between them. When it came to nudity, most women subjects were depicted as dancers or bathers, usually stated as goddesses. Jupiter and Callisto (1744) by François Boucher. ...
Two that do stand out include Gustave Courbet's
The Sleepers which openly depicts two women asleep after love-making (indicated by the broken pearl necklace); and Dominique Ingres'
Turkish Bath in which, in the foreground, one woman can be seen with an arm round another and pinching her breast. Both these painting ended up in the collection of erotica collector and diplomat Khalil Bey [18]. Jean Désiré Gustave Courbet (10 June 1819 – 31 December 1877) was a French painter who led the Realist movement in 19th-century French painting. ...
Download high resolution version (1024x679, 116 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres (pronounced (Ang, rhymes with bang, with a hint of the r, but the final es is not pronounced) (August 29, 1780 - January 14, 1867) was a French Neoclassical painter. ...
J.A.D. Ingres Bain turc 1862 Source: http://www. ...
[edit] Cinema - See also: Category:Lesbian-related films and List of lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender-related films
The first lesbian-themed feature film was Mädchen in Uniform (1931), based on a novel by Christa Winsloe and directed by Leontine Sagan, tracing the story of a schoolgirl called Manuela von Meinhardis and her passionate love for a teacher, Fräulein von Nordeck zur Nidden. It was written and mostly directed by women. The impact of the film in Germany's lesbian clubs was overshadowed, however, by the cult following for The Blue Angel (1930). This is a list of lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender-related films. ...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 334 × 599 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,032 × 1,852 pixels, file size: 100 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Asian Lesbian Film and Video Festival Poster Poster on Image Museum of Hsinchu Culture Bureau (新竹市文化局影åƒåšç‰©é¤¨). http://alff2005. ...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 334 × 599 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,032 × 1,852 pixels, file size: 100 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Asian Lesbian Film and Video Festival Poster Poster on Image Museum of Hsinchu Culture Bureau (新竹市文化局影åƒåšç‰©é¤¨). http://alff2005. ...
Asian Lesbian Film and Video Festival (ALFF) was firstly held in Taiwan August 5 to August 10, 2005, and then it would have a tour to Hong Kong, Guangzhou and Beijing. ...
A scene from Mädchen in Uniform (Germany, 1931), the first openly lesbian feature film. ...
Christa Winsloe (1888-1944) was a 20th century Hungarian novelist, playwright and sculptor. ...
Leontine Sagan (born Leontine Schlesinger, 1889 in Vienna, Austria , died 1974 in South Africa) was a German actress. ...
Der Blaue Engel (English: The Blue Angel) is a film directed by Josef von Sternberg in 1930, and is one of the most famous films made by Marlene Dietrich. ...
Until the early 1990s, any notion of lesbian love in a film almost always required audiences to infer the relationships. The lesbian aesthetic of Queen Christina (1933) with Greta Garbo has been widely noted, even though the film is not about lesbians. Alfred Hitchcock's Rebecca (1940), based on the novel by Daphne du Maurier, referred more or less overtly to lesbianism, but the two characters involved were not presented positively: Mrs. Danvers was portrayed as obsessed, neurotic and murderous, while the never-seen Rebecca was described as having been selfish, spiteful and doomed to die. All About Eve (1950) was originally written with the title character as a lesbian but this was very subtle in the final version, with the hint and message apparent to alert viewers. This highly fictionalized feature film, based on the life of Queen Christina of Sweden, starred Greta Garbo and John Gilbert and was released in December 1933. ...
Rebecca is an Academy Award–winning 1940 psychological thriller directed by Alfred Hitchcock as his first American project. ...
Dame Daphne du Maurier DBE (13 May 1907–19 April 1989) was a famous British novelist best known for her short story The Birds and her classic novel Rebecca, published in 1938. ...
For other uses, see All About Eve (disambiguation). ...
Playwright Lillian Hellman's first play, The Children's Hour (1934) was produced on Broadway. Set in a private girls' boarding school, the headmistress and a teacher are the targets of a malicious whispering campaign of insinuation by a disgruntled schoolgirl. They soon face public accusations of having a lesbian relationship.[19] The play was nominated for a Pulitzer prize, banned in Boston, London, and Chicago[20] and had a record-breaking run of 691 consecutive performances in New York.[21] A 1961 screen adaptation starred Audrey Hepburn and Shirley MacLaine. The play's deep and pervasively dark themes and lesbian undertones have been widely noted.[22] Lillian Florence Hellman (June 20, 1905 – June 30, 1984) was a successful American playwright, linked throughout her life with many left-wing causes. ...
The Childrens Hour is a 1934 stage play written by Lillian Hellman. ...
Nickname: City on the Hill, Beantown, The Hub (of the Universe)1, Athens of America, The Cradle of Revolution, Puritan City, Americas Walking City Location in Massachusetts, USA Counties Suffolk County Mayor Thomas M. Menino(D) Area - City 232. ...
This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...
Nickname: Motto: Urbs in Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location in the Chicago metro area and Illinois Coordinates: , Country State Counties Cook, DuPage Settled 1770s Incorporated March 4, 1837 Government - Mayor Richard M. Daley (D) Area - City 234. ...
This article is about the state. ...
The Childrens Hour is a 1961 film based on the play of the same name written by Lillian Hellman. ...
Audrey Hepburn (4 May 1929 - 20 January 1993) was an Academy Award and Tony Award winning Anglo-Dutch actress of film and theatre, Broadway stage performer, ballerina, fashion model, and humanitarian. ...
Shirley MacLaine (born April 24, 1934) is an Academy Award-winning American film and theatre actress, well-known not only for her acting, but for her devotion to her belief in reincarnation and aliens. ...
Mainstream films with openly lesbian content, sympathetic lesbian characters and lesbian leads began appearing during the 1990s. By 2000 some films portrayed characters exploring issues beyond their sexual orientation, reflecting a wider sense that lesbianism has to do with more than sexual desire. Notable mainstream theatrical releases included Bound (1996), Chasing Amy (1997), Kissing Jessica Stein (2001), Mulholland Drive, Monster, D.E.B.S (2004), Rent (2005, based on the Jonathan Larson musical),
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