Green usually considered third world, yellow sometimes considered third world

Third World was a term first coined by Jawaharlal Nehru (First Prime Minister of India), originally to distinguish nations that aligned with neither the West or with the East during the Cold War, including many members of the Non-Aligned Movement. Today, however, the term is frequently used to denote nations with a low UN Human Development Index (HDI), independent of their political status. However, there is no objective definition of Third World or Third World country and the use of the term remains controversial. Latin America, for instance, is usually considered Third World although a few Latin American countries have a human development index above some central European countries which are not considered Third World. In general, Third World countries are not as industrialized or technologically advanced as OECD countries. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1265x629, 33 KB) Summary Green is usually considered third world; Yellow is sometimes considered third world, map made by me Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Third World ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1265x629, 33 KB) Summary Green is usually considered third world; Yellow is sometimes considered third world, map made by me Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Third World ... Jawaharlal Nehru (जवाहरलाल नेहरू, Javāharlāl NehrÅ«) (November 14, 1889 – May 27, 1964), also called Pandit/Seena (Scholar, Teacher) Nehru, was one of the most important leaders of the Indian Independence Movement and the Indian National Congress, and became the first Prime Minister of India when India won its independence on... For the generic term for a high-tension struggle between countries, see cold war (war). ... The Non-Aligned Movement, or NAM, is an international organization of over 100 states which consider themselves not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. ... The UN Human Development Index (HDI) measures poverty, literacy, education, life expectancy, and other factors. ... The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is an international organization of those developed countries that accept the principles of representative democracy and a free market economy. ...

The majority of the countries in the world fit this classification. These countries are also known as the Global South, developing countries, least developed countries and the Majority World in academic circles. Development workers also call them the two-thirds world (because 2/3rds of the world is underdeveloped) and The South. Some dislike the term developing countries as it may imply that economic development (industrialisation) is the only way forward, while they believe it is not necessarily the most beneficial. The term Third World is also disliked as it may imply the false notion that those countries are not a part of the global economic system. Some note that the underdevelopment of Africa, Asia and South America during the Cold War was influenced, or even caused by the Cold War economic, political, and military maneuverings of the most powerful nations of the time. A developing country is a country with low average income compared to the world average. ... The category of least developed countries (LDCs) is a social/economic classification status applied to around 50 countries around the world by political scientists and economists through the United Nations. ... The Majority World, representing 83 per cent of World_Population, is another term to describe developing or third world nations. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Industrialization (or industrialisation) or an industrial revolution (in general, with lowercase letters) is a process of social and economic change whereby a human society is transformed from a pre-industrial to an industrial state. ... // Etymology World map showing Africa (geographically) The name Africa came into Western use through the Romans, who used the name Africa terra — land of the Afri (plural, or Afer singular) — for the northern part of the continent, as the province of Africa with its capital Carthage, corresponding to modern-day... Asia is the largest and most populous of the Earths continents. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... For the generic term for a high-tension struggle between countries, see cold war (war). ...

The term Fourth World is used by some writers to describe the poorest Third World countries, those which lack industrial infrastructure and the means to build it. More commonly, however, the term is used to describe indigenous peoples or other oppressed minority groups within First World countries. Fourth World may mean: Fourth World, a term most commonly used to collectively describe notably marginalised or oppressed groups, in particular indigenous peoples, living in Third or First World countries. ...

History of the term

"Worlds" during the late Cold War: First world (blue), Second world (red), Third world (green)

Perhaps the earliest use of such a ranking system to describe the peoples of Earth appears in studies of 'race' during the classic period of European imperialism. James M. Hobson, in his "The Eastern Origins of Western Civilization" (2004) discusses the 'civilizational league table' (employing categories such as 'racial colour', 'temperament', and 'climactic character'), and connects it to the work of Robert Knox, Benjamin Kidd, and the Comte de Gobineau (amongst others). Such discourse typically divided the world into three races - the 'advanced' First World of Europe, inhabited by Whites; the 'barbaric' second World of the Yellows; and the 'savage' Black Third World. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1265x629, 21 KB) Summary Shows traditional location of First world Second world Third World during the w:Cold War, I made the map w:First world Blue - developed countries w:Second world Red - former communist countries (not as common a used... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1265x629, 21 KB) Summary Shows traditional location of First world Second world Third World during the w:Cold War, I made the map w:First world Blue - developed countries w:Second world Red - former communist countries (not as common a used...

A quite different use of the term "Third World" is found in the work of economist Alfred Sauvy in an article in the French magazine L'Observateur of August 14, 1952. It was a deliberate reference to the "Third Estate" of the French Revolution. Tiers monde means Third World in French in the sense of "third in rank" -- it does not mean "one-third" (troisième and tiers are doublets). The term gained widespread popularity during the Cold War when many poorer nations adopted the category to describe themselves as neither being aligned with NATO or the Warsaw Pact, but instead composing a non-aligned "third world" (in this context, the term "First World" was generally understood to mean the United States and its allies in the Cold War, which would have made the East bloc the "Second World" by default; however, the latter term was very seldom actually used). An economist is someone who studies Economics. ... Alfred Sauvy by Erling Mandelmann © http://www. ... Le Nouvel Observateur is a weekly French news magazine. ... August 14 is the 226th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (227th in leap years), with 139 days remaining. ... 1952 (MCMLII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... In France of the ancien régime and the age of the French Revolution, the term Third Estate (tiers état) indicated the generality of people which were not part of the clergy (the First Estate) nor of the nobility (the Second Estate). ... During the French Revolution (1789-1799) democracy and republicanism replaced the absolute monarchy in France, and the French sector of the Roman Catholic Church was forced to undergo radical restructuring. ... For the generic term for a high-tension struggle between countries, see cold war (war). ... The NATO flag NATO 2002 Summit in Prague The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), sometimes called North Atlantic Alliance, Atlantic Alliance or the Western Alliance, is an international organisation for defence collaboration established in 1949, in support of the North Atlantic Treaty signed in Washington, D.C., on April 4... Seal of the Warsaw Pact Distinguish from the Warsaw Convention, which is an agreement among airlines about financial liability. ... The Non-Aligned Movement, or NAM, is an international organization of over 100 states which consider themselves not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. ... The terms First World, Second World, and Third World were used to divide the nations of Earth into three broad categories. ... During the Cold War, the Eastern Bloc (or Soviet Bloc) comprised the following Central and Eastern European countries: Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary, East Germany, Poland, Albania (until the early 1960s, see below), the Soviet Union, and Czechoslovakia. ... A map of countries often considered to make up the Second World. ...

Leading members of this original "third world" movement were Yugoslavia, India, and Egypt. Many third world countries believed they could successfully court both the communist and capitalist nations of the world, and develop key economic partnerships without necessarily falling under their direct influence. In practice, this plan did not work out quite so well; many third world nations were exploited or undermined by the two superpowers who feared these supposedly neutral nations were in danger of falling into alignment with the enemy. After World War II, the First and Second Worlds struggled to expand their respective spheres of influence to the Third World. The militaries and intelligence services of the United States and the Soviet Union worked both secretly and overtly to influence Third World governments, with mixed success. Official language none (1963–1974: Macedonian, Serbo-Croatian, Croato-Serbian, Slovenian) Capital Belgrade Largest city Belgrade Area (1991)  - Total  - % water Ranked xxst 255,804 km² Negligible Population  - Total (2004)  - Density Ranked xxth 20,522,972 80/km² Currency Yugoslav dinar Time zone  - in summer CET (UTC+1) CEST (UTC+2... Communism refers to a theoretical system of social organization and a political movement based on common ownership of the means of production. ... Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Capitalism The page is about the economic system. ... This article discusses the economic concept of exploitation. ... ...

During the Cold War there were a number of countries which did not fit comfortably into the neat definition of First, Second, and Third Worlds. These included Switzerland, Sweden, and the Republic of Ireland, which chose to be neutral. India was under the Soviet Union's sphere of influence but was not communist, nor was it a member of the Warsaw Pact. Austria was under the United States' sphere of influence, but in 1955, when the country again became a fully independent republic, it did so under the condition that it remained neutral. None of these countries would have been defined as Third World despite their non (or marginally) aligned status. Seal of the Warsaw Pact Distinguish from the Warsaw Convention, which is an agreement among airlines about financial liability. ... 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

With the 1991 collapse of the Soviet Union, the term Second World largely fell out of use and the meaning of First World was extended to include all developed countries. By the end of the Cold War, the term Third World had shifted in English from its original meaning and had become a synonym for infrastructure-poor countries. The term "Fourth World" has come to denote especially poor and powerless groups, such as many indigenous peoples, living in either Third or First World countries. It is also sometimes used to describe extremely poor countries with almost no industrial infrastructure to speak of or as a synonym for "least developed countries". Heavily industrialized states that were formerly communist are simply called "former communist countries.It must be realized that enormous diversity exists within the third world and the term is increasing being obsolete becuse it is archaic and describes an international power structure that existed after the second world war. It should be noted that the conception that the third world lacks an industrial infrastructure (while generally true) is not always correct. Certainly China is far more technologicaly advanced than many first world countries; and also oil rich gulf states while having brutal regimes are richer than some "first world" countries. In retrospect the term should be use with caution as classyifying countries into one homogenous lump often inhibits an objective perspective 1991 (MCMXCI) is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The rise of Gorbachev Although reform stalled between 1964–1982, the generational shift gave new momentum for reform. ... A developed country is a nation that enjoys a relatively high standard of living through a strong high-technology diversified economy. ... Fourth World may mean: Fourth World, a term most commonly used to collectively describe notably marginalised or oppressed groups, in particular indigenous peoples, living in Third or First World countries. ... The category of least developed countries (LDCs) is a social/economic classification status applied to around 50 countries around the world by political scientists and economists through the United Nations. ...

Dependency theory

The dependency theory suggests that multinational corporations and organizations such as the IMF and World Bank have contributed to making Third World countries dependent on first world countries for economic survival. The theory states that this dependence is self-maintaining because the economic systems tend to benefit first world countries and corporations. Scholars also question whether the idea of development is biased in favor of Western thought. They debate whether population growth is a main source of problems in the third world or if the problems are more complex and thorny than that. Policy makers disagree on how much involvement first world countries should have in the Third World and whether Third World debts should be canceled. Dependency theory is the body of social science theories by various intellectuals, both from the Third World and the First World, that create a worldview which suggests that the wealthy nations of the world need a peripheral group of poorer states in order to remain wealthy. ... The flag of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is the international organization entrusted with overseeing the global financial system by monitoring foreign exchange rates and balance of payments, as well as offering technical and financial assistance when asked. ... Logo of the World Bank The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD, in Romance languages: BIRD), better known as the World Bank, is an international organization whose original mission was to finance the reconstruction of nations devastated by WWII. Now, its mission has expanded to fight poverty by means...

The issues are complicated by the stereotypes of what Third World and first world countries are like. People in the first world, for example, often describe Third World countries as underdeveloped, overpopulated, and oppressed. Third World people are sometimes portrayed as uneducated, helpless, or backwards. Modern scholarship has taken steps to make academic discourse more conscious of the differences not only between the First World and the Third World, but also among the countries and people of each category.

Countries

The countries considered Third World are usually the whole of South and Central America (everything south of the United States), the whole of Africa (with the possible exception of South Africa), the Middle East (except for Israel and possibly Turkey), South and Southeast Asia (except for South Korea, Taiwan, Japan and Singapore), and the Pacific Islands (except for New Zealand). Commonly, Central America is the region of North America located between the southern border of Mexico and the northwest border of Colombia, in South America. ... The Pacific Ocean has an estimated 20,000 to 30,000 islands; the exact number has not been precisely determined. ...

While the former communist countries of the world were historically part of the Second World, their current classification is often uncertain. Some former-Communist countries, such as Slovenia, currently have high-income economies and a high human development index, and may therefore be considered First World. Others are classified as "transition economies" and are neither classified as First World or as Third World. The countries of Central Asia, as well as the People's Republic of China as third world can be debatable as this countries are fast approaching middle income status. A map of countries often considered to make up the Second World. ... The terms First World, Second World, and Third World were used to divide the nations of Earth into three broad categories. ... A transition economy is an economy which is changing from a planned economy to a free market. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...

See also

• Non-aligned movement
• Digital divide
• World White Web