The Right Honourable Lester Bowles Pearson
14th Prime Minister of Canada
In office April 22, 1963 – April 20, 1968
Preceded by	John Diefenbaker
Succeeded by	Pierre Elliott Trudeau
Born	April 23 1897 (1897 -04-23) Newtonbrook, Ontario
Died	December 27, 1972 (aged 75) Ottawa, Ontario
Political party	Liberal
Spouse	Maryon Pearson
Religion	United Church of Canada

Lester Bowles "Mike" Pearson, PC, OM, CC, OBE (23 April 1897 – 27 December 1972) was a Canadian statesman, diplomat and politician who was made a Nobel Laureate in 1957. He was the fourteenth Prime Minister of Canada from April 22, 1963, until April 20, 1968, as the head of two back-to-back minority governments following elections in 1963 and 1965. Michael Wayne (Mike) Pearson (born August 22, 1980 in Tampa, Florida) is an gridiron football player, presently with the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League[1] . He signed with the team on June 12, 2007, and made the starting line-up as Left Tackle, and previously played in the... The Right Honourable (abbreviated Rt Hon, The Rt Hon, The Right Hon, Right Hon) is an honorific prefix that is traditionally applied to certain people in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the Anglophone Caribbean and in other Commonwealth Realms, and elsewhere. ... Image File history File links Nobel_prize_medal. ... Image File history File linksMetadata PearsonPDphotoportrait. ... Regions Political culture Foreign relations Other countries Atlas  Politics Portal      The Prime Minister of Canada (French: Premier ministre du Canada), is the Minister of the Crown who is head of the Government of Canada. ... is the 112th day of the year (113th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1963 (MCMLXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 110th day of the year (111th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... John George Diefenbaker, CH, PC, QC, BA, MA, LL.B, LL.D, DCL, FRSC, FRSA, D.Litt, DSL, (18 September 1895 – 16 August 1979) was the 13th Prime Minister of Canada (1957 – 1963). ... Name Pierre Elliott Trudeau Number Fifteenth First term April 20, 1968–June 4,1979 Second term March 3, 1980–June 30, 1984 Predecessor Lester Bowles Pearson Successors Joe Clark John Napier Turner Date of birth October 18, 1919 Place of birth Montreal, Quebec Date of death September 28... is the 113th day of the year (114th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1897 (MDCCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Newtonbrook, Ontario, Canada, now a Toronto neighbourhood, was a town at the north end of the City of Toronto, between the east and west branches of the Don Valley River. ... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English (de facto) Government - Lieutenant-Governor David C. Onley - Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 106 - Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area... December 27 is the 361st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (362nd in leap years). ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the capital city of Canada. ... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English (de facto) Government - Lieutenant-Governor David C. Onley - Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 106 - Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area... The Liberal Party of Canada (French: ), colloquially known as the Grits (originally Clear Grits), is a Canadian federal political party. ... Maryon Elspeth Pearson (1902 - 1991) was the wife of Lester Bowles Pearson, the 14th Prime Minister of Canada. ... The United Church of Canada (French: lÉglise Unie du Canada) is Canadas second largest church (after the Roman Catholic Church), and its largest Protestant denomination. ... The Privy Council Office as it appeared in the 1880s The Queens Privy Council for Canada (French: Conseil privé de la Reine pour le Canada) is the council of advisers to the Queen of Canada, whose members are appointed by the Governor General of Canada for life on the... The Order of Merit is a British and Commonwealth Order bestowed by the Monarch. ... Seal of the Order of Canada The Order of Canada is Canadas highest civilian honour, with membership awarded to those who exemplify the Orders Latin motto Desiderantes meliorem patriam, which means (those) desiring a better country (Hebrews 11. ... The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry established on 4 June 1917 by King George V. The Order includes five classes in civil and military divisions; in decreasing order of seniority, these are Knight Grand Cross or Dame Grand Cross (GBE) Knight Commander... is the 113th day of the year (114th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1897 (MDCCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... December 27 is the 361st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (362nd in leap years). ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Statesman is a respectful term used to refer to politicians, and other notable figures of state. ... This page is about negotiations; for the board game, see Diplomacy (game). ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A politician is an individual who is a formally recognized and active member of a government, or a person who influences the way a society is governed through an understanding of political power and group dynamics. ... The Nobel Prizes (pronounced no-BELL or no-bell) are awarded annually to people who have done outstanding research, invented groundbreaking techniques or equipment, or made outstanding contributions to society. ... Regions Political culture Foreign relations Other countries Atlas  Politics Portal      The Prime Minister of Canada (French: Premier ministre du Canada), is the Minister of the Crown who is head of the Government of Canada. ... is the 112th day of the year (113th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1963 (MCMLXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 110th day of the year (111th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The House of Commons after the 2006 election, resulting in a Conservative minority government (in blue) During the history of Canadian politics there have been eleven previous minority governments on the federal level, and a number provincially. ... This article is about the political process. ... Map of Canadas provinces and territories and which party won the most votes in each province and territory and their popular vote. ... In the Canadian federal election of 1965, the Liberal Party of Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson was re-elected with a larger number of seats in the Canadian House of Commons. ...

During his time as Prime Minister, Pearson's minority governments introduced universal health care, student loans, the Canada Pension Plan and the current Canadian flag. During his tenure, Prime Minister Pearson also convened the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism. With these accomplishments, together with his groundbreaking work at the United Nations, and in international diplomacy, Pearson can safely be regarded as one of the most influential Canadians of the twentieth century. The term medicare (in lowercase) (French: assurance maladie) is the unofficial name for Canadas universal public health insurance system. ... The Canada Student Loans Program is a Human Resources and Skills Development Canada programme which promotes accessibility to Canadas post-secondary education institutes by allowing Canadians who demonstrate a financial need for access to student loans and grants. ... The Canada Pension Plan (CPP) is a contributory, earnings-related social insurance program. ... The National Flag of Canada, popularly known as the Maple Leaf and lUnifolié (French for the one-leafed), is a base red flag with a white square in its centre featuring a stylized, 11-pointed, red maple leaf. ... The Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism was a Canadian royal commission established on July 19, 1963, by the government of Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson to inquire into and report upon the existing state of bilingualism and biculturalism in Canada and to recommend what steps should be taken to... UN and U.N. redirect here. ...

Early years

Pearson was born in Newtonbrook, Ontario (now a neighbourhood of Toronto), the son of Edwin Arthur Pearson, a Methodist (later United Church of Canada) minister and Anne Sarah Bowles. He entered Victoria College at the University of Toronto in 1914, where he lived in residence in Gate House and shared a room with his brother Duke. While at the University of Toronto, he joined The Delta Upsilon Fraternity. At the university, he became a noted athlete, excelling in rugby and playing for the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club. Newtonbrook is a neighbourhood in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English (de facto) Government - Lieutenant-Governor David C. Onley - Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 106 - Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area... For other uses, see Methodism (disambiguation). ... The United Church of Canada (French: lÉglise Unie du Canada) is Canadas second largest church (after the Roman Catholic Church), and its largest Protestant denomination. ... Victoria University (Vic for short) is a federated school of the University of Toronto, consisting of Victoria College and Emmanuel College. ... The University of Toronto (U of T) is a public research university in the city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ... Gate House, nicknamed G House, is one of the four Upper Houses of the Burwash Hall residence at Victoria College in the University of Toronto. ... The University of Toronto (U of T) is a public research university in the city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ... Delta Upsilon (ΔΥ) is one of the oldest international, all-male, college, Greek-letter social fraternities and is the first non-secret fraternity ever founded. ... For other uses, see Rugby (disambiguation). ... League: BUIHA Founded: 1885 Home Ice: Oxpens Road Capacity: 1,025 Ice Size: 184 x 85 feet City: Oxford, United Kingdom Colours: Dark blue and white Captain: Grégoire Webber Head Coach: unknown Ownership: University sports club Oxford University Ice Hockey Club, sometimes known as Oxford Blues, claims to be...

First World War

When the First World War broke out in 1914, he volunteered for service as a Medical Orderly with the University of Toronto Hospital Unit. In 1915, he undertook overseas service with the Canadian Army Medical Corps as a stretcher bearer with the rank of Private and had a subsequent commissioning to the rank of Lieutenant. During this period of service he spent two years in Egypt and Greece. In 1917, Pearson transferred to the Royal Flying Corps (as the Royal Canadian Air Force did not exist at that time), where he served as a Flying Officer until being sent home with injuries from two accidents, one of which was a plane crash. It was as a pilot that he received the nickname of "Mike", given to him by a flight instructor who felt that "Lester" was too mild a name for an airman. Thereafter, Pearson would use the name "Lester" on official documents and in public life, but was always addressed as "Mike" by friends and family.^[1] “The Great War ” redirects here. ... The Royal Flying Corps (RFC) was the over-land air arm of the British military during most of World War I. // Formed by Royal Warrant on 13 May 1912, the RFC superseded the Air Battalion of the Royal Engineers. ... “RCAF” redirects here. ... For other uses, see Aviator (disambiguation). ...

While training as a pilot at an air training school in Hendon, England, Pearson survived an airplane crash during his first flight. Unfortunately, in 1918, he was hit by a London bus during a blackout and was sent home as an invalid to recuperate and then discharged from the service.

Interwar years

Ice hockey in Europe; Oxford University vs. Switzerland, 1922. Future Canadian Prime Minister Lester Pearson is at right front.

After the war, he returned to school, receiving his BA from the University of Toronto in 1919. Upon receiving a scholarship, he studied at St John's College Oxford University, where he received a Second-Class BA in modern history in 1923 and the MA in 1925. In 1925, he married Maryon Moody (1901-1989), with whom he had one daughter, Patricia and one son, Geoffrey. Image File history File links Ice_hockey_1922. ... Image File history File links Ice_hockey_1922. ... The Right Honourable Lester Bowles Mike Pearson (April 23, 1897 - December 27, 1972) was the fourteenth Prime Minister of Canada from April 22, 1963, to April 20, 1968, and also a 1957 Nobel Laureate. ... A B.A. issued from the University of Tennessee. ... College name St Johns College Collegium Divi Joannis Baptistae Named after Saint John the Baptist Established 1555 Sister College Sidney Sussex College President Sir Michael Scholar KCB JCR President Rhys Jones Undergraduates 381 Graduates 184 Homepage Boatclub St Johns College is one of the constituent colleges of the... The University of Oxford, located in the city of Oxford in England, is the oldest university in the English-speaking world. ... This article concerns the degrees of Oxford University. ... Maryon Elspeth Pearson (1902 - 1991) was the wife of Lester Bowles Pearson, the 14th Prime Minister of Canada. ... Geoffrey Arthur Holland Pearson (born December 25, 1927 in Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian diplomat. ...

After Oxford, he returned to Canada and taught history at the University of Toronto, where he also coached the men's Varsity Blues ice hockey team. He then embarked on a career in the Department of External Affairs. He had a distinguished career as a diplomat, including playing an important part in founding both the United Nations and NATO. During the Second World War, he once served as a courier with the codename "Mike." He went on to become the first director of Signal Intelligence In sports, a coach or manager is an individual involved in the direction and instruction of the on-field operations of an athletic team or of individual athletes. ... For other uses, see Varsity Blues (disambiguation). ... Ice hockey, known simply as hockey in areas where it is more common than field hockey, is a team sport played on ice. ... The Department of Foreign Affairs, also referred to as Foreign Affairs Canada, is the department of the government of Canada with responsibility for foreign policy and diplomacy. ... UN and U.N. redirect here. ... NATO 2002 Summit The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), sometimes called North Atlantic Alliance, Atlantic Alliance or the Western Alliance, is an international organisation for defence collaboration established in 1949, in support of the North Atlantic Treaty signed in Washington, DC, on April 4, 1949. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...

Political career

In 1948, Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent appointed Pearson Minister of External Affairs in the Liberal government. Shortly afterward, he won a seat in the Canadian House of Commons, for the federal riding of Algoma East. In 1957, for his role in defusing the Suez Crisis through the United Nations, Pearson was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. The selection committee claimed that Pearson had "saved the world." The United Nations Emergency Force was Pearson's creation, and he is considered the father of the modern concept of peacekeeping. His Nobel medal is stored at the National Archives of Canada but a replica is on permanent display in the front lobby of the Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade headquarters building in Ottawa. Regions Political culture Foreign relations Other countries Atlas  Politics Portal      The Prime Minister of Canada (French: Premier ministre du Canada), is the Minister of the Crown who is head of the Government of Canada. ... Louis Stephen St. ... The Liberal Party of Canada (French: ), colloquially known as the Grits (originally Clear Grits), is a Canadian federal political party. ... Type Lower House Speaker Peter Milliken, Liberal since January 29, 2001 Leader of the Government in the House of Commons Peter Van Loan, Conservative since January 4, 2007 Opposition House Leader Ralph Goodale, Liberal since January 23, 2006 Members 308 Political groups Conservative Party Liberal Party Bloc Québécois... Algoma East was a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada. ... Year 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar). ... Combatants Israel United Kingdom France Egypt Commanders Moshe Dayan Charles Keightley Pierre Barjot Gamal Abdel Nasser Abdel Hakim Amer Strength 175,000 Israeli 45,000 British 34,000 French 70,000 Casualties 197 Israeli KIA 56 British KIA 91 British WIA 10 French KIA 43 French WIA 650 KIA[1... Lester B. Pearson after accepting the 1957 Nobel Peace Prize The Nobel Peace Prize (Swedish and Norwegian: Nobels fredspris) is the name of one of five Nobel Prizes bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor Alfred Nobel. ... The first United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF) was established by United Nations General Assembly to secure an end to the 1956 Suez Crisis with resolution 1001 (ES-I) on November 7, 1956, and in large measure as a result of efforts by secretary general Dag Hammarskjöld and a proposal... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ... For alternate uses see: Archive (disambiguation). ... The Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (DFAIT) was among the most powerful departments of the Government of Canada. ...

Party leadership

He was elected leader of the Liberal Party at its 1958 leadership convention but his party was badly routed in the election of that year. As the newly-elected leader of the Liberals, Mr. Pearson had given a speech in the House of Commons that asked Mr. Diefenbaker to give power back to the Liberals without an election, because of a recent economic downturn. This strategy backfired when Mr. Diefenbaker seized on the error by showing a classified Liberal document saying that the economy would face a downturn in that year. This contrasted heavily with the Liberal's 1957 campaign promises, and would make sure the "arrogant" label would remain attached to the Liberal party. The election also cost the Liberals their Quebec stronghold; the province had voted largely Liberal in federal elections since the Conscription Crisis of 1917, but upon the resignation of former Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent, the province had no favourite son leader, as they had since 1948. The first three leaders of the Liberal Party of Canada were not chosen at a convention. ... The 24th general election was held just nine months after the 23rd and transformed Prime Minister John Diefenbakers minority into the largest ever majority government in Canadian history. ... The Conscription Crisis of 1917 was a political and military crisis in Canada during World War I. // At the outbreak of war in 1914, over 30,000 volunteers joined the army, far more than expected. ... Louis Stephen St. ... For other uses, see Favorite Son. ...

In the 1962 election, his party reduced the Progressive Conservative Party of John Diefenbaker to a minority government. The Canadian parliament after the 1962 election The Canadian federal election of 1962 was held on June 18, 1962 to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... John George Diefenbaker, CH, PC, QC, BA, MA, LL.B, LL.D, DCL, FRSC, FRSA, D.Litt, DSL, (18 September 1895 – 16 August 1979) was the 13th Prime Minister of Canada (1957 – 1963). ... The House of Commons after the 2006 election, resulting in a Conservative minority government (in blue) During the history of Canadian politics there have been eleven previous minority governments on the federal level, and a number provincially. ...

Not long after the election, Pearson capitalized on the Conservatives' indecision on installing nuclear warheads on Bomarc missiles. Minister of National Defence Douglas Harkness resigned from Cabinet on February 4, 1963 because of Diefenbaker's opposition to accepting the missiles. The next day, the government lost two non-confidence motions on the issue, prompting the election. The Bomarc Missile Program was a joint United States of America-Canada effort during 1957 to 1971 to protect against the USSR bomber threat. ... The Minister of National Defence (French: Ministre de la Défense nationale) is the Canadian politician within the Cabinet of Canada responsible for the Department of National Defence which oversees the Canadian Forces. ... The Honourable Douglas Scott Harkness, PC , CC , GM , ED , BA , DUC (March 29, 1903 - May 2, 1999), was a Canadian politician, teacher, farmer and former Lieutenant Colonel in Royal Canadian Artillery. ... is the 35th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1963 (MCMLXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... A Motion of No Confidence, also called Motion of Non Confidence is a parliamentary motion traditionally put before a parliament by the opposition in the hope of defeating or embarrassing a government. ...

Prime Minister

Pearson led the Liberals to a minority government in the 1963 general election, and became prime minister. He had campaigned during the election promising "60 Days of Decision" and support for the Bomarc missile program. The House of Commons after the 2006 election, resulting in a Conservative minority government (in blue) During the history of Canadian politics there have been eleven previous minority governments on the federal level, and a number provincially. ... Map of Canadas provinces and territories and which party won the most votes in each province and territory and their popular vote. ... The Bomarc Missile Program was a joint United States of America-Canada effort during 1957 to 1971 to protect against the USSR bomber threat. ...

Pearson never had a majority in the Canadian House of Commons, but he nevertheless managed to bring in many of Canada's major social programs, including universal health care, the Canada Pension Plan and Canada Student Loans, and established a new national flag, the Maple Leaf. This was due in part to support for his minority government in the House of Commons from the New Democratic Party, led by Tommy Douglas. His actions included instituting the 40-hour work week, two weeks vacation time and a new minimum wage. Type Lower House Speaker Peter Milliken, Liberal since January 29, 2001 Leader of the Government in the House of Commons Peter Van Loan, Conservative since January 4, 2007 Opposition House Leader Ralph Goodale, Liberal since January 23, 2006 Members 308 Political groups Conservative Party Liberal Party Bloc Québécois... The term medicare (in lowercase) (French: assurance maladie) is the unofficial name for Canadas universal public health insurance system. ... The Canada Pension Plan (CPP) is a contributory, earnings-related social insurance program. ... The Canada Student Loans Program is a Human Resources and Skills Development Canada programme which promotes accessibility to Canadas post-secondary education institutes by allowing Canadians who demonstrate a financial need for access to student loans and grants. ... The National Flag of Canada, popularly known as the Maple Leaf and lUnifolié (French for the one-leafed), is a base red flag with a white square in its centre featuring a stylized, 11-pointed, red maple leaf. ... This article is about the Canadian political party. ... Thomas Clement Douglas, PC, CC, SOM, MA, LL.D (hc) (October 20, 1904 – February 24, 1986) was a Scottish-born Baptist minister who became a prominent Canadian social democratic politician. ... The minimum wage is the minimum rate a worker can legally be paid (usually per hour) as opposed to wages that are determined by the forces of supply and demand in a free market. ...

Pearson signed the Canada-United States Automotive Agreement (or Auto Pact) in January 1965, and unemployment fell to its lowest rate in over a decade.[1] The Canada-United States Automotive Agreement more commonly known as the Auto Pact was an important trade agreement between Canada and the United States. ...

Pearson and United States President Lyndon B. Johnson meeting in Texas, 1965

While in office, Pearson resisted U.S. pressure to enter the Vietnam War. Pearson spoke at Temple University in Philadelphia on April 2, 1965, while visiting the United States, and voiced his support for a negotiated settlement to the Vietnam War. When he visited U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson the next day, Johnson (supposedly) strongly berated Pearson. Pearson later recounted that the meeting was acrimonious, but insisted the two parted cordially. After this incident, LBJ and Pearson did have further contacts, including two further meetings together, both times in Canada. (Canadians most remember the Pearson years as a time Canada-U.S. relations greatly improved.)[2] Image File history File links Pearson_and_Johnson. ... Image File history File links Pearson_and_Johnson. ... LBJ redirects here. ... Motto: (Out Of Many, One) (traditional) In God We Trust (1956 to date) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington D.C. Largest city New York City None at federal level (English de facto) Government Federal constitutional republic  - President George Walker Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence from... Combatants Republic of Vietnam United States Republic of Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand The Philippines National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam Democratic Republic of Vietnam People’s Republic of China Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea Strength US 1,000,000 South Korea 300,000 Australia 48,000... For the private Christian university in Tennessee, see Tennessee Temple University. ... Nickname: City of Brotherly Love, Philly, the Quaker City Motto: Philadelphia maneto (Let brotherly love continue) Location in Pennsylvania Coordinates: Country United States State Pennsylvania County Philadelphia Founded October 27, 1682 Incorporated October 25, 1701 Mayor John F. Street (D) Area    - City 369. ... is the 92nd day of the year (93rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. ... For the pop band, see Presidents of the United States of America. ... LBJ redirects here. ...

Pearson also started a number of Royal Commissions, including one on the status of women and another on bilingualism. They instituted changes that helped create legal equality for women, and brought official bilingualism into being. After Pearson, French was made an official language, and the Canadian government would provide services in both. Pearson himself had hoped that he would be the last unilingual Prime Minister of Canada and, indeed, fluency in both English and French became an unofficial requirement for Prime Ministerial candidates after Pearson left office. In states that are Commonwealth Realms a Royal Commission is a major government public inquiry into an issue. ... An official language is a language that is given a unique legal status in the countries, states, and other territories. ...

His government endured significant controversy in Canada's military services throughout the mid-1960s, following the tabling of the White Paper on Defence in March 1964. This document laid out a plan to merge the Royal Canadian Navy, the Royal Canadian Air Force, and the Canadian Army to form a single service called the Canadian Armed Forces. Military unification took effect on 1 February 1968 when The Canadian Forces Reorganization Act received Royal Assent. The White Paper on Defence is a white paper of the Canadian government which was tabled on March 26, 1964. ... For history after 1968, see Canadian Forces Maritime Command The Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) was the navy of Canada from 1911 until 1968 when the three Canadian armed services were unified to form the Canadian Forces. ... “RCAF” redirects here. ... Canadian Forces Land Force Command (LF) is responsible for army operations within the Canadian Armed Forces. ... The Canadian Forces (CF) (French: Forces canadiennes (FC)) are the unified armed forces of Canada, governed by the National Defence Act, which states: The Canadian Forces are the armed forces of Her Majesty raised by Canada and consist of one Service called the Canadian Armed Forces. ...

Pearson was also remarkable for instituting the world's first race-free immigration system, throwing out previous ones that had discriminated against certain people, such as Jews and the Chinese. His points-based system encouraged immigration to Canada, and a similar system is still in place today.

Pearson also oversaw Canada's centennial celebrations in 1967 before retiring. The Canadian news agency, Canadian Press, named him "Newsmaker of the Year" that year, citing his leadership during the centennial celebrations, which brought the Centennial Flame to Parliament Hill. The Expo 67 site on le Sainte-H ne and le Notre-Dame The Canadian Centennial was a year long celebration held in 1967 when Canada celebrated the 100th anniversary of the Canadian Confederation. ... The Canadian Press (CP) is a Canadian news agency established in 1917 as a vehicle to permit Canadian newspapers of the day to exchange their news and information. ... A Canadian Newsmaker of the Year has been voted every year since 1946 by the Canadian Press. ... Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... For the hill in London, see Parliament Hill, London. ...

Also in 1967, the President of France, Charles de Gaulle made a visit to Quebec. During that visit, de Gaulle was a staunch advocate of Quebec separatism, even going so far as to say that his procession in Montreal reminded him of his return to Paris after it was freed from the Nazis during the Second World War. President de Gaulle also gave his "Vive le Québec libre" speech during the visit. Given Canada's efforts in aid of France during both world wars, Pearson was enraged. He rebuked de Gaulle in a speech the following day, remarking that "Canadians do not need to be liberated" and making it clear that de Gaulle was no longer welcome in Canada. The French President returned to his home country and would never visit Canada again. This article is about the political and administrative structures of the French government. ... Please post proper article, this page was tampered with, thank you. ... This article is about the Canadian province. ... Nickname: Motto: Concordia Salus (well-being through harmony) Coordinates: , Country Province Region Montréal Founded 1642 Established 1832 Government  - Mayor Gérald Tremblay Area [1][2][3]  - Total 365. ... This article is about the capital of France. ... Nazism in history Nazi ideology Nazism and race Outside Germany Related subjects Lists Politics Portal         Nazism or National Socialism (German: Nationalsozialismus), refers primarily to the ideology and practices of the Nazi Party (National Socialist German Workers Party, German: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP) under Adolf Hitler. ... Vive le Québec libre ! (Long live free Quebec!) was a famous and controversial phrase in a speech delivered by French President Charles de Gaulle in Montreal on July 24, 1967. ...

Supreme Court appointments

Pearson chose the following jurists to be appointed as justices of the Supreme Court of Canada by the Governor General: The Supreme Court of Canada (French: Cour suprême du Canada) is the highest court of Canada and is the final court of appeal in the Canadian justice system. ... The Governor General of Canada (French (feminine): Gouverneure générale du Canada or (masculine) Gouverneur général du Canada) is the vice-regal representative in Canada of the Canadian monarch, who is the head of state; Canada is one of sixteen Commonwealth realms, all of which share the...

• Robert Taschereau (as Chief Justice, (April 22, 1963 – September 1, 1967; appointed a Puisne Justice under Prime Minister King, February 9, 1940)
• Wishart Flett Spence (May 30, 1963 – December 29, 1978)
• John Robert Cartwright (as Chief Justice, (September 1, 1967 – March 23, 1970; appointed a Puisne Justice under Prime Minister St. Laurent, December 22, 1949)
• Louis-Philippe Pigeon (September 21, 1967 February 8, 1980)

The Right Honourable Robert Taschereau, PC , CC (Quebec, 1896 – 1970) was a lawyer who became Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada and who briefly served as acting Governor General of Canada following the death of Georges Vanier in 1967. ... is the 112th day of the year (113th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1963 (MCMLXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. ... A Puisne Justice or Puisne Judge (pronounced puny) is the title for a regular member of a Court. ... is the 40th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Wishart Flett Spence (March 9, 1904 - April 16, 1998), C.C., O.B.E., LL.M., LL.D. was a Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada. ... is the 150th day of the year (151st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1963 (MCMLXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 363rd day of the year (364th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ... The Right Honourable John Robert Cartwright, PC , CC , MC , LL.D (March 23, 1895 – November 24, 1979) was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada. ... is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. ... is the 82nd day of the year (83rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1970 ([[Rf 1970 == January 1 - The Unix epoch begins at 00:00:00 UTC January 2 - The last studio performance of The Beatles oman numerals|MCMLXX]]) was a common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... A Puisne Justice or Puisne Judge (pronounced puny) is the title for a regular member of a Court. ... Louis Stephen St. ... is the 356th day of the year (357th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Louis-Philippe Pigeon (February 8, 1905 – February 23, 1986) was a judge of the Supreme Court of Canada. ... is the 264th day of the year (265th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. ... is the 39th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ...

Retirement

Pearson served as Chancellor of Carleton University from 1969 until his death in 1972

Pearson, and three of his cabinet ministers who later became Prime Ministers. From left to right, Pierre Trudeau, John Turner, Jean Chrétien, and Pearson.

Pearson's gravestone in Wakefield, Quebec, photographed in 2004.

After his announcement on December 14, 1967, that he was retiring from politics, a leadership convention was held. Pearson's successor was Pierre Trudeau, a man who Pearson had recruited and made Minister of Justice in his cabinet. Trudeau later became Prime Minister, and two other cabinet ministers Pearson recruited, John Turner and Jean Chrétien, served as prime ministers in the years following Trudeau's retirement. Paul Martin Jr., the son of Pearson's minister of external affairs, Paul Martin Sr., also went on to become prime minister. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 461 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (800 × 1041 pixel, file size: 320 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Chancellor of Carleton University, former Prime Minister Lester Pearson. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 461 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (800 × 1041 pixel, file size: 320 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Chancellor of Carleton University, former Prime Minister Lester Pearson. ... This article is about the university in Ottawa, Ontario. ... From the Library and Archives of Canada image description page Reference Numbers: Accession: 1970-015 Reproduction: Pa-117107 (Copy Negative Number); Use/Reproduction: Restrictions on use/reproduction: nil Copyright: National Archives Of Canada Credit: Duncan Cameron / Library And Archives Canada / Pa-117107 File links The following pages link to this... From the Library and Archives of Canada image description page Reference Numbers: Accession: 1970-015 Reproduction: Pa-117107 (Copy Negative Number); Use/Reproduction: Restrictions on use/reproduction: nil Copyright: National Archives Of Canada Credit: Duncan Cameron / Library And Archives Canada / Pa-117107 File links The following pages link to this... “Trudeau” redirects here. ... John Napier Turner, PC, CC, QC, MA, BCL, LLD (born June 7, 1929) was the seventeenth Prime Minister of Canada from June 30, 1984 to September 17, 1984. ... Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien, usually known as Jean Chrétien, PC, QC, BA, BCL, LLD (h. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2272x1704, 2584 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Lester B. Pearson Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2272x1704, 2584 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Lester B. Pearson Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used... Wakefield is a village on the Gatineau River, in the Outaouais region of Quebec. ... is the 348th day of the year (349th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. ... Pierre Trudeau at the 1968 Liberal convention The Liberal Party of Canada leadership convention of 1968 elected Pierre Elliott Trudeau as the new leader of the Liberal Party; he was the unexpected winner in what was one of the most important leadership conventions in party history. ... “Trudeau” redirects here. ... The Minister of Justice (French: Ministre de la Justice) of Canada is the minister in the Cabinet of Canada who is responsible for the Department of Justice and is also Attorney General of Canada. ... Regions Political culture Foreign relations Other countries Atlas  Politics Portal      The Cabinet of Canada (French: Cabinet du Canada or Conseil des ministres) plays an important role in the Government of Canada in accordance with the Westminster System. ... John Napier Turner, PC, CC, QC, MA, BCL, LLD (born June 7, 1929) was the seventeenth Prime Minister of Canada from June 30, 1984 to September 17, 1984. ... Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien, usually known as Jean Chrétien, PC, QC, BA, BCL, LLD (h. ... The Right Honourable Paul Edgar Philippe Martin, (born August 28, 1938 in Windsor, Ontario) is the 21st Prime Minister of Canada, succeeding Jean Chrétien on December 12, 2003. ... Canadas Secretary of State for External Affairs was, from 1909 to 1993, the member of the Cabinet of Canada responsible for overseeing the federal governments international relations and the former Department of External Affairs. ... The Right Hon. ...

Pearson served as Chancellor of Carleton University in Ottawa from 1969 until his death in 1972. This article is about the university in Ottawa, Ontario. ...

Honours and awards

• The Canadian Press named Pearson "Newsmaker of the Year" nine times, a record he held until his successor, Pierre Trudeau, surpassed it in 2000. He was also only one of two prime ministers to have received the honour, both before and when prime minister (the other being Brian Mulroney).
• The Lester B. Pearson Award is awarded annually to the National Hockey League's outstanding player in the regular season, as judged by members of the NHL Players Association (NHLPA). It was first awarded in 1971 to Phil Esposito, a native of Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario.
• The Lester B. Pearson Building, completed in 1973, is the headquarters for Foreign Affairs Canada, a tribute to his service as external affairs minister.
• Lester B. Pearson College, opened in 1974, is a United World College near Victoria, British Columbia.
• The Pearson Medal of Peace, first awarded in 1979, is an award given out annually by the United Nations Association in Canada to recognize an individual Canadian's "contribution to international service."
• Toronto Pearson International Airport, first opened in 1939 and re-christened with its current name in 1984, is Canada's busiest airport.
• The Pearson Peacekeeping Centre, established in 1994, is an independent not-for-profit institution providing research and training on all aspects of peace operations.
• The Lester B. Pearson School Board is the largest English-language school board in Quebec.[3] The majority of the schools of the Lester B. Pearson School Board are located on the western half of the island of Montreal, with a few of its schools located off the island as well.
• Lester B. Pearson High School lists five so-named schools, in Calgary, Toronto, Burlington, Ottawa, and Montreal. There are also elementary schools in Ajax, Ontario, Aurora, Ontario, Brampton, Ontario, London, Ontario, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Waterloo, Ontario and Wesleyville, Newfoundland.
• Pearson Avenue is located near Highway 407 and Yonge Street in Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada; less than five miles from his place of birth.
• Pearson Way is an arterial access road located in a new subdivision in Milton, Ontario; many ex-Prime Ministers are being honoured in this growing community, including Prime Ministers Trudeau and Laurier.
• Lester B. Pearson Place completed in 2006, is a four storey affordable housing building in Newtonbrook, Ontario, mere steps from his place of birth.
• Lester B. Pearson Civic Centre,[4] is in Elliot Lake, Ontario
• A plaque at the north end of the North American Life building in North York commemorates his place of birth. The manse where Pearson was born is gone, but a plaque is located at his birth site.[5]
• The Pearson Cup was a baseball competition between the Toronto Blue Jays and Montreal Expos.

The Canadian Press (CP) is a Canadian news agency established in 1917 as a vehicle to permit Canadian newspapers of the day to exchange their news and information. ... A Canadian Newsmaker of the Year has been voted every year since 1946 by the Canadian Press. ... Lester B. Pearson Award on display at the Hockey Hall of Fame The Lester B. Pearson Award is awarded annually to the National Hockey Leagues outstanding player in the regular season, as judged by members of the NHL Players Association (NHLPA). ... NHL redirects here. ... The National Hockey League Players Association or NHLPA is a labour union that represents the interests of the hockey players in the National Hockey League of North America. ... Philip Anthony Espo Esposito, OC (born February 20, 1942 in Sault Ste. ... Nickname: Motto: Naturally Gifted Coordinates: , Country Canada Province Ontario District Algoma District Incorporated 1887 (town), 1912 (city) Government  - City Mayor John Rowswell  - Governing body The Corporation of the City of Sault Sainte Marie  - MPs Tony Martin  - MPPs David Orazietti Area  - City  276 sq mi (715 km²) Elevation  630 ft (192... The Lester B. Pearson Building is the headquarters of the Department of Foreign Affairs of Canada. ... The Department of Foreign Affairs, also referred to as Foreign Affairs Canada (FAC), is the department of the government of Canada with responsibility for foreign policy and diplomacy. ... Canadas Secretary of State for External Affairs was, from 1909 to 1993, the member of the Cabinet of Canada responsible for overseeing the federal governments international relations and the former Department of External Affairs. ... The Lester B. Pearson United World College logo Aerial View of Lester B. Pearson College Lester B. Pearson College, United World College of the Pacific is one of the ten elite United World Colleges around the world. ... The United World Colleges Logo The United World Colleges (UWC) are a group of ten international high schools. ... This article is about the city of Victoria. ... The Pearson Medal of Peace is an award given out annually by the United Nations Association in Canada to recognize an individual Canadians contribution to international service. Nominations are made by any Canadian for any Canadian, excluding ones self. ... The United Nations Association in Canada engages the Canadian public in the work of the United Nations and the critical international issues which face us all. ... YYZ redirects here. ... Canadas busiest airport by aircraft movements and number of passengers served is Toronto Pearson International Airport, which is also the only Canadian airport ranked in the top 30 airports in the world (by number of passengers). ... Established in 1994 by the Government of Canada, the Pearson Peacekeeping Centre (PPC) is an an independent, not-for-profit organization whose mandate is to support Canadas contribution to international peace and security. ... The Lester B. Pearson School Board (LBPSB) is an English-language school board in the province of Quebec, the largest[4] of the nine English school boards in the province. ... English is a West Germanic language originating in England, and the first language for most people in Australia, Canada, the Commonwealth Caribbean, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States of America (also commonly known as the Anglosphere). ... This article or section should be merged with board of education A school board (or school committee) is an elected council that helps determine educational policy in a small regional area, such as a city, state, or province. ... Lester B. Pearson High School can refer to: Lester B. Pearson High School (Calgary), in Calgary, Alberta Lester B. Pearson High School (Burlington), in Burlington, Ontario Lester B. Pearson High School (Montreal North), in Montreal North, Quebec Lester B. Pearson Catholic High School, in Ottawa, Ontario Lester B. Pearson Collegiate... Lester B. Pearson High School can refer to: Lester B. Pearson High School (Calgary), in Calgary, Alberta Lester B. Pearson High School (Burlington), in Burlington, Ontario Lester B. Pearson High School (Montreal North), in Montreal North, Quebec Lester B. Pearson Catholic High School, in Ottawa, Ontario Lester B. Pearson Collegiate... Bold text Lester B. Pearson C.I (LBP) is a public high school in Scarborough, Ontario, Canada; which teaches grades 9 through 12. ... Lester B. Pearson High School is a high school located in Burlington, Ontario, Canada, administered by the Halton District School Board. ... Elementary Assumption Bayshore Catholic Blessed Kateri Tekakwitha Chapel Hill Catholic Convent Glen Catholic Corpus Christi Catholic Divine Infant Dr. F. J. McDonald Catholic Elmridge Catholic Georges Vanier Catholic Good Shepherd Guardian Angels Holy Cross Holy Family Holy Redeemer Holy Spirit McMaster Catholic Monsignor Paul Baxter Our Lady of Fatima Our... Lester B. Pearson High School is a anglophone secondary school located in the borough of Montreal Nord in Montreal, Quebec. ... For other uses, see Ajax. ... Motto: Youre in Good Company This map shows the location of Aurora, in relation to York Region. ... Nickname: Location in the Region of Peel, in the Province of Ontario Coordinates: , Country Province Region Peel Incorporation 1853 (village)   1873 (town)   1974 (city) Government  - Mayor Susan Fennell  - Governing Body Brampton City Council (click for members)  - MPs Navdeep Bains, Colleen Beaumier, Ruby Dhalla, Gurbax Malhi  - MPPs Vic Dhillon, Linda Jeffrey... Nickname: Location of London in relation to Middlesex County and the Province of Ontario Coordinates: , Country Canada Province Ontario County Middlesex County Settled 1826 as a village Incorporated 1855 as a city Government  - City Mayor Anne Marie DeCicco-Best  - Governing Body London City Council  - MPs Sue Barnes (LPC) Glen Pearson... Saskatoon is a city located in central Saskatchewan, Canada, on the South Saskatchewan River. ... , Waterloo, Ontario, Canada is the smallest of the three cities in the Regional Municipality of Waterloo, and is adjacent to the larger city of Kitchener. ... Wesleyville was settled in the early 1800s, when residents relocated from nearby islands. ... Highway 407, officially called the 407 Express Toll Route (ETR), is a tollway located in southern Ontario Canadas Greater Toronto Area. ... Yonge Street at North York Centre. ... Motto: En la rose, je fleuris (French for Like the rose, I flourish) Map showing Richmond Hills location in York Region Country Canada Province Ontario Region York Region Incorporated 1873 Government  - Mayor Dave Barrow  - Governing Body Richmond Hill Town Council  - MPs Lui Temelkovski, Bryon Wilfert Population (2006)[1]  - City... Coordinates: , Country Province Region Halton Established 1818 Government  - Town Mayor Gord Krantzz [1]  - MPs Bonnie Brown, Garth Turner  - MPPs Ted Chudleigh, Kevin Flynn Population (2006)  - Town 53,939 Time zone Eastern (EST) (UTC-5) Area code(s) L9T Website: Town of Milton Milton (2006 census population 53,939) is a... Trudeau is a surname that is used primarily in Quebec. ... Laurier re-directs here. ... Elliot Lake (2006 population 11,549) is a city in northeastern Ontario, Canada, north of Lake Huron in the Algoma District, midway between the cities of Sudbury and Sault Ste. ... North York forms the central part of the northern half of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ... The Pearson Cup was an annual mid-season baseball event, named after former Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson, between the Toronto Blue Jays and the former Montreal Expos. ... Major league affiliations American League (1977–present) East Division (1977–present) Current uniform Retired Numbers 42 Name Toronto Blue Jays (1977–present) Other nicknames The Jays Ballpark Rogers Centre (1989–present) a. ... The Montreal Expos (French: Les Expos de Montréal) were a Major League Baseball team located in Montreal, Quebec, Canada from 1969 until 2004. ...

Doctors, honoris causa

Lester B. Pearson, Canadian Ambassador to the United States, at University of Toronto convocation, 1945.

Lester B. Pearson received Honorary Degrees from 48 Universities, including: Image File history File links Lester_B._pearson. ... Image File history File links Lester_B._pearson. ... An honorary degree (Latin: honoris causa ad gradum, not to be confused with an honors degree) is an academic degree awarded to an individual as a decoration, rather than as the result of matriculating and studying for several years. ...

• University of Toronto in 1945 (LL.D) [6]
• University of Rochester in 1947 (LL.D)[7]
• McMaster University in 1948 (LL.D)[8]
• Bates College in 1951 (LL.D)[9]
• Princeton University in 1956 (LL.D) [10]
• University of British Columbia in 1958 (LL.D) [11]
• University of Notre Dame in 1963
• Waterloo Lutheran University later changed to Wilfrid Laurier University in 1964 (LL.D)
• Memorial University of Newfoundland in 1964 (LL.D)[12]
• Johns Hopkins University in 1964 (LL.D)[13][14]
• University of Western Ontario in 1964 (LL.D)[15][16]
• Laurentian University in 1965 (LL.D)[17]
• University of Saskatchewan (Regina Campus) later changed to University of Regina in 1965[18][19]
• McGill University in 1965[20]
• Queen's University in 1965 (LL.D)[21]
• Dalhousie University in 1967 (LL.D)[22]
• University of Calgary in 1967[23][24]
• UCSB in 1967
• Harvard University
• Columbia University
• Oxford University (LL.D)

The University of Toronto (U of T) is a public research university in the city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ... Doctor of Laws (Latin: Legum Doctor, LL.D) is a doctorate-level academic degree in law. ... The University of Rochester (UR) is a private, coeducational and nonsectarian research university located in Rochester, New York. ... Doctor of Laws (Latin: Legum Doctor, LL.D) is a doctorate-level academic degree in law. ... McMaster University is a highly regarded medium-sized research-intensive university located in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, with an enrollment of 18,238 full-time and 3,836 part-time students (as of 2006). ... Doctor of Laws (Latin: Legum Doctor, LL.D) is a doctorate-level academic degree in law. ... Bates College is a private liberal arts college, founded in 1855 by abolitionists, located in Lewiston, Maine, in the United States. ... Doctor of Laws (Latin: Legum Doctor, LL.D) is a doctorate-level academic degree in law. ... Princeton University is a private coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. ... Doctor of Laws (Latin: Legum Doctor, LL.D) is a doctorate-level academic degree in law. ... The University of British Columbia (UBC) is a Canadian public research university with campuses in Vancouver and Kelowna. ... Doctor of Laws (Latin: Legum Doctor, LL.D) is a doctorate-level academic degree in law. ... The University of Notre Dame IPA: is a Catholic[4] institution located in Notre Dame, an unincorporated section of St. ... Wilfrid Laurier University is a public university located in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. ... Doctor of Laws (Latin: Legum Doctor, LL.D) is a doctorate-level academic degree in law. ... Memorial University of Newfoundland, (popularly known as Memorial University or MUN) is a comprehensive university located primarily in St. ... Doctor of Laws (Latin: Legum Doctor, LL.D) is a doctorate-level academic degree in law. ... The Johns Hopkins University, founded in 1876, is a private institution of higher learning located in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. ... Doctor of Laws (Latin: Legum Doctor, LL.D) is a doctorate-level academic degree in law. ... The University of Western Ontario (known as Western, as well as UWO or Western Ontario) is a research university located in London, Ontario, Canada. ... Doctor of Laws (Latin: Legum Doctor, LL.D) is a doctorate-level academic degree in law. ... Laurentian University (Université Laurentienne), founded in 1960, is a mid-sized bilingual university in Greater Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. ... Doctor of Laws (Latin: Legum Doctor, LL.D) is a doctorate-level academic degree in law. ... The University of Regina is a degree-granting institution located in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. ... McGill University. ... Queens University, generally referred to simply as Queens, is a coeducational, non-sectarian public university located in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. ... Doctor of Laws (Latin: Legum Doctor, LL.D) is a doctorate-level academic degree in law. ... Dalhousie University is a university located in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. ... Doctor of Laws (Latin: Legum Doctor, LL.D) is a doctorate-level academic degree in law. ... Arch marking south entrance to campus during the winter. ... The University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) is a coeducational public university located on the Pacific Ocean in Santa Barbara County, California, USA. It is one out of 10 campuses of the University of California. ... Harvard University (incorporated as The President and Fellows of Harvard College) is a private university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA and a member of the Ivy League. ... Alma Mater Columbia University is a private university in the United States and a member of the Ivy League. ... The University of Oxford, located in the city of Oxford in England, is the oldest university in the English-speaking world. ... Doctor of Laws (Latin: Legum Doctor, LL.D) is a doctorate-level academic degree in law. ...

See also

• Canada and the Vietnam War
• Great Flag Debate
• Senator Landon Pearson

Canada did not fight in the Vietnam War, and diplomatically it was officially non-belligerent. Nevertheless, the war had considerable effects on Canada, while Canada and Canadians affected the war, in return. ... 1957 version of the Canadian Red Ensign that had evolved as the de facto national flag until 1965. ... // Personal Life The Honourable Landon Pearson has lived by her conviction that investing in the care and education of children is an investment in our collective well-being, an investment in our future. ...

Notes

is the 286th day of the year (287th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...

References

• Beal, John Robinson. Pearson of Canada. 1964.
• Beal, John Robinson and Poliquin, Jean-Marc. Les trois vies de Pearson of Canada. 1968.
• Bothwell, Robert. Pearson, His Life and World. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 1978. ISBN 0-07-082305-7.
• Champion, C.P. "A Very British Coup: Canadianism, Quebec and Ethnicity in the Flag Debate, 1964-1965." Journal of Canadian Studies 40.3 (2006), p. 68-99.Journal of Canadian Studies 40.3
• Champion, C.P. "Mike Pearson at Oxford: War, Varsity, and Canadianism," Canadian Historical Review, 88, 2, June 2007, 263-90.
• English, John. Shadow of Heaven: The Life of Lester Pearson, Volume I, 1897-1948. Toronto: Lester & Orpen Dennys, 1989. ISBN 0-88619-169-6.
• English, John. The Worldly Years: The Life of Lester Pearson, Volume II, 1949-1972. Toronto: Lester & Orpen Dennys, 1992. ISBN 0-394-22729-8.
• Fry, Michael G. Freedom and Change: Essays in Honour of Lester B. Pearson. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1975. ISBN 0-7710-3187-
• Pearson, Lester B. Canada: Nation on the March. Toronto: Clarke, Irwin, 1953.
• Pearson, Lester B. The Crisis of Development. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1970.
• Pearson, Lester BPearson, Lester B. Diplomacy in the Nuclear Age. Boston: Harvard University Press, 1959.
• Pearson, Lester B. The Four Faces of Peace and the International Outlook. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1964.
• Pearson, Lester B. Mike : The Memoirs of the Right Honourable Lester B. Pearson. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1972. ISBN 0-575-01709-0 .
• Pearson, Lester B. Peace in the Family of Man. London: Oxford University Press, 1969. ISBN 0-563-08449-9.
• Pearson, Lester B. Words and Occasions: An Anthology of Speeches and Articles, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1970. ISBN 0-674-95611-7.
• Stursberg, Peter. Lester Pearson and the Dream of Unity. Toronto: Doubleday, 1978. ISBN 0-385-13478-9.
• Thordarson, Bruce. Lester Pearson: Diplomat and Politician. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1974. ISBN 0-19-540225-1.

External links

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to:

Lester B. Pearson

• Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
• "Greatest Canadian" write-up of Lester Pearson
• National Archives biography
• Nobel prize website
• Canadian Peace Hall of Fame
• Order of Canada Citation
• Political Biography from the Library of Parliament
• CBC Digital Archives — Lester B. Pearson: From Peacemaker to Prime Minister
• University of Toronto Athletic Hall of Fame, Inducted 1987

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