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Leyland Motors Limited was a British vehicle manufacturer of lorries and buses. It gave its name to the British Leyland Motor Corporation formed when it merged with British Motor Holdings, later to become British Leyland after effectively becoming nationalized. British Leyland later changed its name to simply BL then in 1986 Rover Group. Image File history File links Question_book-3. ... British Motor Holding (BMH) was a British motor company created in an attempt to halt the decline in Britains manufacturing base in the 1960s. ... British Leyland corporate logo The British Leyland Motor Corporation (BLMC), was a vehicle manufacturing company formed in the United Kingdom in 1968. ... Year 1896 (MDCCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar). ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Lorry Look up Lorry in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Can mean: A truck, in the sense of a commercial large goods vehicle. ... “Autobus” redirects here. ... British Leyland corporate logo The British Leyland Motor Corporation (BLMC), was a vehicle manufacturing company formed in the United Kingdom in 1968. ... British Motor Holding (BMH) was a British motor company created in an attempt to halt the decline in Britains manufacturing base in the 1960s. ... The British Leyland Motor Corporation (often abbreviated to simply BL), was a Britain in 1968. ... Nationalization is the act of taking assets into state ownership. ... Rover Group plc was the name that was given by the British government, in 1986, to the state-owned vehicle manufacturer British Leyland or BL. After divesting of its commercial vehicle and bus manufacturing divisions the company by then consisting of the car manufacturing arm Austin Rover Group and the...

History

Beginning

Leyland Motors has a long history dating from 1896, when the Sumner and Spurrier families founded the Lancashire Steam Motor Company in the town of Leyland in North West England. The company's first vehicle was a 1.5-ton-capacity steam powered van. The Lancashire Steam Motor Company was renamed Leyland Motors in 1907 when they took over Coulthards of Preston. They also built a second factory in the neighbouring town of Chorley which still remains today as the headquarters of the LEX leasing and parts company. Leyland is a town in the South Ribble borough of Lancashire, England. ... A steam engine is a heat engine that makes use of the potential energy that exists as pressure in steam, converting it to mechanical work. ... This article is about Preston, Lancashire. ... , Chorley Library Chorley is a market town in Lancashire, England, south of Preston and at the foot of the West Pennine Moors and home to the Chorley cake. ...

In 1920 Leyland Motors produced the Leyland 8 luxury touring car, a development of which was driven by J.G. Parry-Thomas at Brooklands. Parry-Thomas was later killed in attempt on the land speed record when a chain drive broke. At the other extreme, they also produced the Trojan Utility Car in the Kingston on Thames factory from 1922 to 1928. The Leyland Eight was a luxury car produced by Leyland Motors from 1920 to 1923. ... The 1924 Leyland-Thomas No. ... Trojan was an automobile manufacturer and a Formula One constructor from Britain. ...

1948 Leyland Beaver flatbed

Three generations of Spurriers controlled Leyland Motors from its foundation until the retirement of Sir Henry Spurrier in 1964. Sir Henry inherited control of Leyland Motors from his father in 1942, and successfully guided its growth during the postwar years. Whilst the Spurrier family were in control the company enjoyed excellent labour relations - reputedly never losing a day's production through industrial action. ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x768, 620 KB) attribution - Les Chatfield http://www. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x768, 620 KB) attribution - Les Chatfield http://www. ... Sir Henry Spurrier (1898–1964) was a British engineer and industrialist, and the third generation of the Spurrier family to head Leyland Motors. ...

World War 2

During the war, Leyland Motors along with most vehicle manufacturers was involved in war production. Leyland built the Cromwell tank at its works from 1943. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... The Tank, Cruiser, Mk VIII, Cromwell (A27M), named after the English Civil War leader Oliver Cromwell, was one of the most successful series of cruiser tanks fielded by Britain in World War II. It was the first tank in the British arsenal to combine a dual-purpose gun, high speed...

After the war, Leyland Motors continued military manufacture with the Centurion tank. The Centurion was the primary British Main Battle Tank of the immediate post-war era, and considered by many to be one of the best British tank designs of all time. ...

Post war

In 1946, AEC and Leyland Motors worked to form the British United Traction Ltd. AEC badge logo AEC Regent 1962-built AEC Mercury 1952 ACLO Mammoth Major III truck with Bonallack cab and body. ... British United Traction (BUT) was a joint company owned by the Associated Equipment Company and Leyland Motors Ltd which produced railway equipment and trolleybuses. ...

In 1955, through an equity agreement, manufacture of commercial vehicles under license from Leyland Motors commenced in Madras, India at the new Ashok factory. The products were branded as Ashok Leyland. Madras refers to: the Indian city of Chennai, formerly known as Madras, the former Indian state, now known as Tamil Nadu (Plural of Madra): Ancient people of Iranian affinites, who lived in northwest Panjab in the Uttarapatha division of ancient India. ... Ashok Leyland (NSE: ASHOKLEY, BSE: 500477) is a commercial vehicle manufacturing company based in Chennai, India. ...

On the other hand, Leyland Motors acquired other companies in the post war years:

• 1951: Albion Motors
• 1955: Scammell Lorries Ltd - military and specialist lorry manufacturer
• 1960: Standard Triumph, cars and some agricultural machinery interests
• 1962: Associated Commercial Vehicles (ACV), which incorporated AEC, Thornycroft, Park Royal Vehicles and Charles H. Roe. Then Leyland Motors was renamed Leyland Motor Corporation
• 1965: Bristol Commercial Vehicles, Eastern Coach Works
• 1967: Rover cars

Donald Stokes took over as head of the company in 1964 and in 1968 it merged with British Motor Holdings (BMH) to form the British Leyland Motor Corporation (BLMC). BMH brought with it more famous British goods vehicle and bus and coach marques, including Daimler, Guy, BMC, Austin and Morris into the new organization. Albion Motors logo Workers at Albion Motors in 1911 Albion Motors of Scotstoun, Glasgow was a Scottish automobile manufacturer, later it concentrated on building commercial vehicles. ... Scammel Lorries Limited was a British manufacturer of trucks, particularly specialist and military off-highway vehicles from 1921 to 1988. ... 1933 Standard Ten. ... AEC badge logo AEC Regent 1962-built AEC Mercury 1952 ACLO Mammoth Major III truck with Bonallack cab and body. ... Thornycroft was a United Kingdom-based vehicle manufacturer which built coaches, buses, and trucks from 1896 until 1977. ... Dating its origins back to 1889, Park Royal Vehicles along with its Leeds-based subsidiary Charles H. Roe was one of Britains leading coachbuilders based in West London, UK. In 1949 it became part of Associated Commercial Vehicles Ltd. ... Charles H. Roe Ltd. ... Bristol Commercial Vehicles was a manufacturer of buses and trucks based in Bristol, England. ... // Rover was a British automobile manufacturer and later a marque based at the former Austin Longbridge plant in Birmingham. ... Lord Donald Gresham Stokes (22 March 1914 - ) was an English industrialist who started his career in 1930 as an apprentice with Leyland Motors Ltd, and (with a break for military service between 1939 and 1945) enjoyed a successful career within that company until his appointment in 1968 as chairman and... British Motor Holding (BMH) was a British motor company created in an attempt to halt the decline in Britains manufacturing base in the 1960s. ... British Leyland corporate logo The British Leyland Motor Corporation (BLMC), was a vehicle manufacturing company formed in the United Kingdom in 1968. ... A marque (French for brand and pronounced as mark) is a brand name, most commonly used for automobile brands. ... Daimler (pronounced Dame-ler) has, since 1896, been the motor car marque of the British Daimler Motor Company, based in Coventry. ... Guy Motors badge Guy Motors was a British company from Wolverhampton that made cars, lorries and buses. ... BMC rosette logo old BMC share A preserved BMC ambulance. ... The Austin Motor Company was a British manufacturer of automobiles that rose to be a major motorcar brand, the dominant partner after merger with Morris in 1952 but declining after absorption into the British Leyland Motor Corporation, and its subsequent troubles. ... Morris Motor logo, from a UK Royal Mail van 1927 Morris Cowley 1928 Morris Minor Saloon 1946 Morris Ten Series M 1953 Morris Minor Series 2 1971 Morris 1000 Traveller The Morris Motor Company was a former British car manufacturing company. ...

British Leyland era

BLMC logo

Further information: British Leyland Motor Corporation

The BLMC group was difficult to manage because of the many companies under its control, often making similar products. This, and other reasons, led to financial difficulties and in December 1974 British Leyland had to receive a guarantee from the British government. Image File history File links British_Leyland_Logo. ... Image File history File links British_Leyland_Logo. ... British Leyland corporate logo The British Leyland Motor Corporation (BLMC), was a vehicle manufacturing company formed in the United Kingdom in 1968. ...

In 1975, after the publication of the Ryder Report, BLMC nationalised as British Leyland (BL) and split into 4 divisions with the bus and truck production becoming the Leyland Truck & Bus division within the Land Rover Leyland Group. This division was spilt into Leyland Bus and Leyland Trucks in 1981. In 1986 BL changed its name to Rover Group. The equity stake in Ashok Leyland was controlled by Land Rover Leyland International Holdings, and sold in 1987. Ryder Report refers to the official report produced for the Government of the United Kingdom in 1975 by Sir Don Ryder, newly appointed of the United Kingdoms National Enterprise Board who was given the task of reporting on the British Leyland Motor Corporation and listing recommendations for its future. ... The British Leyland Motor Corporation (often abbreviated to simply BL), was a Britain in 1968. ... Land Rover Group was a division of British Leyland. ... Leyland Trucks, the British truck manufacturer, emerged from the bankruptcy of DAF NV as the result of a management buy-out. ... Rover Group plc was the name that was given by the British government, in 1986, to the state-owned vehicle manufacturer British Leyland or BL. After divesting of its commercial vehicle and bus manufacturing divisions the company by then consisting of the car manufacturing arm Austin Rover Group and the...

Leyland name post-British Leyland

Buses

The bus operations were divested as a management buy-out to form Leyland Bus, and was subsequently bought by Volvo Buses in 1988, which discontinued most of its product range. A management buyout (MBO) occurs when a companys managers buy or acquire a large part of the company. ... Leyland Bus was a British bus manufacturer. ... Volvo Buses is a subsidiary and a business area of Volvo which became an independent division in 1968. ... Year 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar). ...

Trucks

• 1987 The Leyland Trucks division of Rover Group (formerly BL) merged with DAF Trucks of The Netherlands, and was floated on the Dutch stock exchange as DAF NV. The new company traded as Leyland DAF in the UK, and as DAF elsewhere.
• 1993 DAF NV went into bankruptcy. The UK truck division was bought through a management buy-out and became Leyland Trucks. The van division was also bought through a management buy-out and became LDV Limited. The Spare Parts Operation (Multipart) was also subject to a management buy-out before eventually becoming part of the LEX organisation.
• 1998 Leyland Trucks was acquired by the US truck manufacturer PACCAR. Leyland Trucks now operates as a division of PACCAR from the Leyland Assembly Plant in North West England manufacturing around 14,000 trucks per year of which about a third are sold in the EU.

Year 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar). ... DAF Trucks NV is a Dutch truck manufacturing company and a division of PACCAR. Its headquarters and main plant are in Eindhoven. ... DAF NV was a commercial vehicle manufacturing company based in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. ... Leyland Trucks, the British truck manufacturer, emerged from the bankruptcy of DAF NV as the result of a management buy-out. ... Year 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar). ... A management buyout (MBO) occurs when a companys managers buy or acquire a large part of the company. ... Leyland Trucks, the British truck manufacturer, emerged from the bankruptcy of DAF NV as the result of a management buy-out. ... A management buyout (MBO) occurs when a companys managers buy or acquire a large part of the company. ... For other uses see LDV LDV Limited is a British van manufacturer, based in the Ward End area of Birmingham, and is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Russian GAZ group. ... Year 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar). ... PACCAR, Inc. ... PACCAR, Inc. ... Leyland is a town in the borough of South Ribble, Lancashire, United Kingdom, approximately 6 miles south of Preston. ...

Products

A 2-axle Leyland Olympian in Hong Kong.

Image File history File linksMetadata DE2817. ... Image File history File linksMetadata DE2817. ...

Buses

Historically, Leyland Motors was a major manufacturer of buses used in the United Kingdom and world-wide, being probably most famous for the trend-setting Atlantean rear-engined double decker bus design produced between 1956 and 1986. This article is about the form of transport. ... The Leyland Atlantean was a double-decker bus built by Leyland in the United Kingdom from 1958 to 1986. ... A double decker is a bus, airplane, train, tram, ferry, or any public transit vehicle that has two levels for passengers, one deck above the other. ... Year 1956 (MCMLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ...

See List of Leyland buses for the list of bus products. This is a list of all known passenger chassis and integral bus vehicles manufactured by Leyland Motors Ltd and successors from 1919 until closure. ...

Trucks

1920s

• Q-type 4 ton
• SQ2 7 ton
• SWQ2 10 ton six-wheeler

1930s

• Beaver
• Bison
• Buffalo
• Bull
• Hippo
• Octopus 22 ton eight-wheeler
• Steer

1940s

• Comet

1960s

• Leyland 90

1970s

• Marathon

1980s

• T45 Roadtrain

1988 T45 Roadtrain tractor unit

The Leyland Roadtrain was a range of heavy goods vehicle tractor units manufactured by Leyland Trucks between 1980 and 1990. The nomenclature "T45" refers to the cab design and encompasses models such as Freighter (4 wheel rigid truck) constructor (multi axle rigid tipper or mixer chassis) and Cruiser (basic spec low weight tractor unit). Image File history File links Size of this preview: 632 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1513 × 1435 pixel, file size: 295 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 632 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1513 × 1435 pixel, file size: 295 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...

The cab design was a joint effort between Leyland, BRS and Ogle design and was seen as the height of modernity when compared with its predecessors, the idea being to have one basic design to replace the various different outgoing models (for example, the Bathgate built G cab on the Terrier, the Ergomatic cabbed Lynx, Beaver etc).

Throughout its production run engine choices included the AEC-based TL12, a straight carry over from the preceding range, The Rolls-Royce Eagle 265 and the Cummins 290 and 14-litre 350 coupled to a Spicer or Eaton transmission, although all versions produced a distinctive whine from the propshaft knuckle joint when approaching 60 mph. The TL12 engine was dropped early on in the production run, most large fleet buyers choosing the Rolls-Royce engine.

The Roadtrain was available in day and sleeper cabbed form, in high and low datum versions - this refers to the cab height - high datum versions were intended as long haul vehicles with higher mounted cabs and more internal space. 6x2 versions were built in high cab form only on a Scammell chassis.

In 1986 the high roofed Roadtrain interstate was introduced, a top of the range long distance truck with standing room inside.

The Roadtrain was a common sight throughout most of the 1980s, with a great many of the major fleet users in the UK such as Tesco, Blue Circle (unusually with high datum day cabs) and BRS running them.

Production ended in 1990 with the sale of Leyland Trucks to Dutch firm DAF, although as a postscript DAF relaunched the model in low datum form (it was already manufacturing the large DAF 95) as the DAF 80, using the Roadtrain cab with the DAF 330 ATi engine (quite ironic, given that this engine had its roots in the Leyland O.680). This model was produced for a relatively short time until 1993 with the launch of the brand new cabbed DAF 85.

Due partly to the cab's propensity to rust and also to the admittedly short life of commercial vehicles, any Roadtrain in commercial operation is now a very rare sight indeed.

Diesel Multiple Units

• British Rail British United Traction
• Pacer (train)
• British Rail Class 155

British United Traction, BUT, was a division of Leyland Motors Ltd which produced railway equipment. ... A Mancunian class 142 Pacer ( Alternative picture) A Westcountry based Class 143 A Yorkshire based Class 144 Pacer is the operational name of the British class 140, 141, 142, 143 and 144 railbuses, built between 1984 and 1987. ... The British Rail Class 155 Super-Sprinter is a diesel multiple unit. ...

See also

• British Leyland Motor Corporation
• Leyland Trucks
• Leyland Bus
• Ashok Leyland

British Leyland corporate logo The British Leyland Motor Corporation (BLMC), was a vehicle manufacturing company formed in the United Kingdom in 1968. ... Leyland Trucks, the British truck manufacturer, emerged from the bankruptcy of DAF NV as the result of a management buy-out. ... Leyland Bus was a British bus manufacturer. ... Ashok Leyland (NSE: ASHOKLEY, BSE: 500477) is a commercial vehicle manufacturing company based in Chennai, India. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Leyland trucks

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Leyland buses

• The British Commercial Vehicle Museum, Leyland