NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Liberalism in Canada

Liberalism has been a strong force in Canadian politics since the late 18th Century. While Canada has the same features of other liberal democracies in the Western democratic political tradition, it is, in some respects, an exemplar of liberalism. This article gives an overview of liberalism in Canada. It includes a brief history of liberal parties with substantial representation in parliament. This article discusses liberalism as a major worldwide political ideology, its development, and its many modern-day variations. ... Politics is a process by which decisions are made within groups. ... // Origins of liberal thought John Locke The focus on liberty as an essential right of people within the polity has been repeatedly asserted throughout history. ... This is an (partial) overview of individuals that contributed to the development of liberal theory on a worldwide scale and therefore are strongly associated with the liberal tradition and instrumental in the exposition of political liberalism as a philosophy. ... Classical liberalism is a term used to describe the following: early liberalism as it developed from the Enlightenment until John Stuart Mill an ahistoric ideology that is regarded as being in accordance with the views of early classical liberals. ... Cultural liberalism is a form of liberalism which stresses the freedom of the individual from what Lord Acton called the tyrany of the majority, the right of the non-conformist to march to a different drummer. ... The liberal theory of economics is the theory of economics begun in the Englightenment, and believed to be first fully forumulated by Adam Smith. ... Libertarianism is a political philosophy[1] advocating that individuals should be free to do whatever they wish with their person or property, as long as they do not infringe on the same liberty of others. ... For the school of international relations, see Neoliberalism (international relations). ... According to ordoliberalism, the state must create a proper legal environment for the economy and maintain a healthy level of competition through measures that adhere to market principles. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... The term Radical (latin radix meaning root) has been used since the late 18th century as a label in political science for those favoring or trying to produce thoroughgoing political reforms which can include changes to the social order to a greater or lesser extent. ... Social liberalism is either a synonym for new liberalism or a label used by progressive liberal parties in order to differentiate themselves from the more conservative liberal parties, especially when there are two or more liberal parties in a country. ... This article discusses liberalism as a major political current in specific regions and countries. ... American liberalism is a political current of modern liberalism in the United States that is descended from classical liberalism in terms of devotion to individual liberty, but rejects absolute free-market economics in favor of an economic system in which the government intervenes where it considers freedom to be threatened... In general, liberalism in Europe is a political movement that supports a broad tradition of individual liberties and constitutionally-limited government. ... This is an (partial) overview of individuals that contributed to the development of liberal theory on a worldwide scale and therefore are strongly associated with the liberal tradition and instrumental in the exposition of political liberalism as a philosophy. ... Political freedom is the right, or the capacity, of self-determination as an expression of the individual will. ... For the direction right, see left and right or starboard. ... This article or section is missing references or citation of sources. ... An open society is a concept originally developed by philosopher Henri Bergson. ... The philosophical concept of negative liberty refers to an individuals liberty from being subjected to the authority of others. ... Positive liberty is an idea that was first expressed and analyzed as a separate conception of liberty by John Stuart Mill but most notably described by Isaiah Berlin. ... Liberty - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Individualism is a moral, political, and social philosophy, which emphasizes individual liberty, the primary importance of the individual, and the virtues of self-reliance and personal independence. It assumes that a person can be socially and culturally free of upbringing: deep-structure language(s), family(s) of origin, and both... A free market is an idealized market, where all economic decisions and actions by individuals regarding transfer of money, goods, and services are voluntary, and are therefore devoid of coercion and theft (some definitions of coercion are inclusive of theft). Colloquially and loosely, a free market economy is an economy... A mixed economy is an economy that contains both private and public, or state owned (or controlled) enterprises. ... Individualism is a moral, political, and social philosophy, which emphasizes individual liberty, the primary importance of the individual, and the virtues of self-reliance and personal independence. It assumes that a person can be socially and culturally free of upbringing: deep-structure language(s), family(s) of origin, and both... This article discusses liberalism as a major political current in specific regions and countries. ... The Liberal International is an international organization for international liberal parties. ... The European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party (founded in 1993) is a liberal party, active in the European Union, uniting liberal and centrist parties around Europe which together represent more than 20 million European voters and is an international non-profit association incorporated under the laws of Belgium. ... ALDE logo The Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (French: Alliance des DÃ©mocrates et des LibÃ©raux pour lEurope) is a Group in the European Parliament. ... The Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats is a regional organization of liberal and democratic political parties in Asia. ... The Africa Liberal Network is composed of 16 parties in Africa, from 14 different countries, and is an associated organisation of Liberal International, the political family to which Liberal Democratic parties belong. ... The Liberal Network for Latin America (Red Liberal de AmÃ©rica Latina, RELIAL) is an international network founded in 2003 with the official launch taking place in Costa Rica November 2004. ... This article discusses liberalism as a major worldwide political ideology, its development, and its many modern-day variations. ... This article or section is missing references or citation of sources. ... Democracy is, literally, rule by the people (from the Greek demos, people, and kratos, rule). The methods by which this rule is exercised, and indeed the composition of the people are central to various definitions of democracy, but useful contrasts can be made with oligarchies and autocracies, where political authority... Exemplar, in the sense developed by philosopher of science Thomas Kuhn, is a well known usage of a scientific theory. ... This article discusses liberalism as a major worldwide political ideology, its development, and its many modern-day variations. ... A political party is an organization that seeks to attain political power within a government, usually by participating in electoral campaigns. ...

Liberalism in Canadian history

Historically, Canada is a nation of two liberalisms. Prior to the 1960s, Canadian politics were classically liberal, i.e. there was a focus on individual liberty, representative government, and free markets. This brand of liberalism can be traced to the arrival in Canada of the United Empire Loyalists and the enactment of the Constitutional Act of 1791. The Constitutional Act established responsible government through the elected assemblies of Upper and Lower Canada. While the Loyalists were faithful to British institutions and opposed to American republicanism, they were committed to North American ideals of individual liberty and representative government. This brand of liberalism was prominent though the Liberal government of Wilfrid Laurier, which advocated such policies as free trade with the United States, and beyond. Classical liberalism is a term used to describe the following: early liberalism as it developed from the Enlightenment until John Stuart Mill an ahistoric ideology that is regarded as being in accordance with the views of early classical liberals. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ... Representative democracy comprises a form of democracy and theory of civics wherein voters choose (in free, secret, multi-party elections) representatives to act in their interests, but not as their proxies—i. ... A free market is an idealized market, where all economic decisions and actions by individuals regarding transfer of money, goods, and services are voluntary, and are therefore devoid of coercion and theft (some definitions of coercion are inclusive of theft). Colloquially and loosely, a free market economy is an economy... United Empire Loyalists is the name given to the portion of British Loyalists who resettled in British North America and other British Colonies as an act of fealty to King George III after the British defeat in the American Revolutionary War, and to recover lost fortunes (land and private property... The Constitutional Act of 1791 was a British law which changed the government of the province of Quebec to accommodate the many English-speaking settlers, known as the United Empire Loyalists, who had arrived from the United States following the American Revolution. ... Republicanism is the idea of a nation being governed as a republic. ... Political highlights of North America North America is the third largest continent in area and the fourth ranked in population. ... Sir Wilfrid Laurier, PC, KC, GCMG, BCL, DCL, LLD, DLitt (November 20, 1841 â€“ February 17, 1919) was the seventh Prime Minister of Canada from July 11, 1896, to October 7, 1911. ...

The second liberalism began, roughly, in the 1960s with the election of Lester B. Pearson as leader of the Liberal Party of Canada and can be traced through the politics of Pierre Trudeau, Joe Clark, and Paul Martin. This liberalism is what is properly called welfare liberalism, or what contemporary North American use of the word signifies: democracy, social freedom (e.g. same-sex marriage), minority rights, peace in foreign policy, and a market economy tempered by social programs (e.g. universal medicine and state-controlled pensions). In this second sense, Canada is presently one of the more liberal countries in the Americas. By contrast, prior to the 1960s, Canada was one of the most liberal countries in the world in the first sense. Lester Bowles Mike Pearson, PC, CC, OM, OBE, MA, LL.D. (April 23, 1897 â€“ December 27, 1972) was a Canadian statesman, diplomat and politician who was made a Nobel Laureate in 1957. ... The Liberal Party of Canada (French: Parti libÃ©ral du Canada), colloquially known as the Grits (originally Clear Grits), is a Canadian federal political party positioned around the centre of the political spectrum, combining a generally progressive social policy with moderate economics. ... Pierre Elliott Trudeau (October 18, 1919 â€“ September 28, 2000) was the fifteenth Prime Minister of Canada from April 20, 1968 to June 4, 1979, and from March 3, 1980 to June 30, 1984. ... Charles Joseph Joe Clark (born June 5, 1939 in High River, Alberta) was the sixteenth prime minister of Canada from June 4, 1979, to March 3, 1980. ... For other uses, see Paul Martin (disambiguation). ... New liberalism (also called modern liberalism, social liberalism or welfare liberalism) is a stance in political economy that argues for extensive government regulation and partial intervention in the economy, though much less than what is advocated by social democrats. ... Same-sex marriage is marriage between two people who are of the same sex (i. ... A foreign policy is a set of political goals that seeks to outline how a particular country will interact with the other countries of the world. ... A pension (also known as superannuation) is a retirement plan intended to provide a person with a secure income for life. ...

Liberal parties

Liberal parties developed in both the French and English speaking parts of Canada, and led to the formation of the Liberal Party of Canada. Liberal parties exist on a provincial level, but while they share similar ideologies, the provincial parties have no official affiliation with the federal party.

In Canada, a "capital-L" liberal refers to the policies and ideas of the Liberal Party of Canada/Parti Libéral du Canada (member LI), the most frequent governing party of Canada for the last century and one of the largest liberal parties around the world. The Quebec Liberal Party (Parti libéral du Québec) combines liberalism with more conservative ideas. Only federal parties are included in the following timeline. The sign ⇒ indicates a reference to another party in that scheme. For inclusion in this scheme, it isn't necessary for parties to have explicitly labelled themselves as a liberal party. The Liberal Party of Canada (French: Parti libÃ©ral du Canada), colloquially known as the Grits (originally Clear Grits), is a Canadian federal political party positioned around the centre of the political spectrum, combining a generally progressive social policy with moderate economics. ... The Liberal International is an international organization for international liberal parties. ... This is a list about liberalism and political parties around the world. ... The Parti libéral du Québec (Liberal Party of Quebec), or PLQ, is a liberal political party in the Canadian province of Quebec. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Timeline

Canadian Party / Patriot Party / Red Party

The Parti canadien (also Parti patriote) was a political party in what is now Quebec, Canada, that was founded by members of the liberal elite of Lower Canada at the beginning of the 19th century. ... The Parti canadien (also Parti patriote) was a political party in what is now Quebec, Canada, that was founded by members of the liberal elite of Lower Canada at the beginning of the 19th century. ... Portrait of Louis-Joseph Papineau. ... The Parti rouge (alternatively known as the parti democratique) was formed in what is now Quebec, Canada, around 1848 by radical French-Canadians inspired by the ideas of Louis-Joseph Papineau, the Institut canadien de Montréal, and the Patriotes Movement of the 1830s. ...

Reform Party

The Reform movement, sometimes referred to as the Reform Party, began in the 1830s as the movement in the English speaking parts of British North America (Canada). ...

Clear Grits / Liberal Party of Canada

Clear Grits were Upper Canadian reformers with support concentrated among southwestern Ontario farmers, who were frustrated and disillusioned by the 1849 Reform government of Robert Baldwin and Louis_Hippolyte Lafontaines lack of radicalism. ... The Liberal Party of Canada (French: Parti libÃ©ral du Canada), colloquially known as the Grits (originally Clear Grits), is a Canadian federal political party positioned around the centre of the political spectrum, combining a generally progressive social policy with moderate economics. ...

Liberal leaders

Portrait of Louis-Joseph Papineau. ... Alexander MacKenzie painted by Thomas Lawrence (c. ... Sir Wilfrid Laurier, PC, KC, GCMG, BCL, DCL, LLD, DLitt (November 20, 1841 â€“ February 17, 1919) was the seventh Prime Minister of Canada from July 11, 1896, to October 7, 1911. ... William Lyon Mackenzie King, PC, LL.B, Ph. ... Louis Stephen St. ... The Right Honourable Lester Bowles Mike Pearson, PC, CC, OM, MA (April 23, 1897 – December 27, 1972) was the fourteenth Prime Minister of Canada from April 22, 1963, to April 20, 1968, and also a 1957 Nobel Laureate. ... Name Pierre Elliott Trudeau Number Fifteenth First term April 20, 1968–June 4,1979 Second term March 3, 1980–June 30, 1984 Predecessor Lester Bowles Pearson Successors Joe Clark John Napier Turner Date of birth October 18, 1919 Place of birth Montreal, Quebec Date of death September 28, 2000 Spouse... The Right Honourable John Napier Turner ,CC,PC (born June 7, 1929) was the seventeenth Prime Minister of Canada from June 30, 1984 to September 17, 1984. ... Jean ChrÃ©tien (born January 11, 1934), was the twentieth Prime Minister of Canada, serving from November 4, 1993 to December 12, 2003. ... For other uses, see Paul Martin (disambiguation). ...

Liberal thinkers

Michael Grant Ignatieff, M.P., (born May 12, 1947 in Toronto) is a Canadian scholar, novelist and Liberal Member of Parliament in the Canadian House of Commons. ... John F. Kennedy School of Government The John F. Kennedy School of Government is one of the graduate schools of Harvard University. ... Will Kymlicka is a Canadian political philosopher. ... This is an (partial) overview of individuals that contributed to the development of liberal theory on a worldwide scale and therefore are strongly associated with the liberal tradition and instrumental in the exposition of political liberalism as a philosophy. ... Jan Narveson (b. ... Libertarianism is a political philosophy[1] advocating that individuals should be free to do whatever they wish with their person or property, as long as they do not infringe on the same liberty of others. ... Classical liberalism is a term used to describe the following: early liberalism as it developed from the Enlightenment until John Stuart Mill an ahistoric ideology that is regarded as being in accordance with the views of early classical liberals. ... Oscar D. Skelton or Oscar Douglas Skelton (July 13, 1878 - January 1941) was a professor and author. ... Sir Wilfrid Laurier, PC, KC, GCMG, BCL, DCL, LLD, DLitt (November 20, 1841 â€“ February 17, 1919) was the seventh Prime Minister of Canada from July 11, 1896, to October 7, 1911. ... Wendy McElroy is a Canadian individualist anarchist and individualist feminist. ...

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