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Encyclopedia > Liberation of Khorramshahr

Battle of Khorramshahr
Part of Iran-Iraq War

Date November 1980 - May 24, 1982
Location Khorramshahr, Khuzestan province, southwest Iran
Casus
belli
Iraqi invasion of Iran
Result Iranian victory
Territorial
changes
Iran retakes the city of Khorramshahr and pushes the Iraqis back to the border.
Combatants
Flag of Iraq Iraq Flag of Iran Iran
Strength
70,000 70,000
Casualties
6,000 dead,
19,000 captured,
2,000 executed
dead:Unknown but estimated higher than Iraq

The Liberation of Khorramshahr is celebrated in Iran on its anniversary, May 24. Combatants  Iran Iraq Commanders Ruhollah Khomeini Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani Ali Shamkhani Mostafa Chamran â€  Saddam Hussein Ali Hassan al-Majid Strength 305,000 soldiers 500,000 Pasdaran and Basij militia 900 tanks 1,000 armored vehicles 3,000 artillery pieces 470 aircraft 750 helicopters[1] 190,000 soldiers 5,000 tanks... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 438 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (585 × 800 pixel, file size: 85 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) An Iranian woman in front of a mosque during Iraqi invasion to Khorramshahr in September-October 1981 This photo is copied from sajed. ... Look up November in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 144th day of the year (145th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... Khorramshahr (Persian: خرمشهر) is a port city in Khuzestan province in southwestern Iran. ... Domes like this are quite common in Khuzestan province. ... Casus belli is a modern Latin language expression meaning the justification for acts of war. ... Khorramshahr (Persian: خرمشهر) is a port city in Khuzestan province in southwestern Iran. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iraq_(1963-1991). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iran. ...


In the Iran-Iraq War one of the perceived turning points of the war for the Iranians was the recapture of the port city of Khorramshahr from the Iraqis on May 24, 1982. The Iraqis had captured the city early in the war on October 26, 1980. The successful retaking of the city was part of Operation Bait-ul-Moqaddas. Combatants  Iran Iraq Commanders Ruhollah Khomeini Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani Ali Shamkhani Mostafa Chamran â€  Saddam Hussein Ali Hassan al-Majid Strength 305,000 soldiers 500,000 Pasdaran and Basij militia 900 tanks 1,000 armored vehicles 3,000 artillery pieces 470 aircraft 750 helicopters[1] 190,000 soldiers 5,000 tanks... Khorramshahr (Persian: خرمشهر) is a port city in Khuzestan province in southwestern Iran. ...

Contents

Description of the battle

The city remained in Iraqi hands until April of 1982, when the Iranians launched Operation Jerusalem to recapture the Khuzestan province. The first attack (April 24 to May 12) consisted of 70,000 Pasdaran (members of Iran's military, the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps) and succeeded in pushing the Iraqis out of the Ahvaz-Susangerd area. The Iraqis withdrew back to Khorramshahr and, on May 20th, launched a counter attack against the Iranians, which was repulsed. The Iranians then launched an all out assault on Khorramshahr, capturing two of the defense lines in the Pol-e No and Shalamcheh region. The Iranians gathered around the Arvand river, surrounding the city and, thus, beginning the second siege. The Iranians finally recaptured the city on May 24th after two days of bitter fighting. Combatants  Iraq  Iran Commanders Unknown Unknown Strength Unknown 70,000 Pasdaran fighters Casualties 12,000 Iraqi prisoners. ... Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (Persian سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی - Sepah Pasdaran Enghaleb Islam-e), often shortened to Revolutionary Guards, or called by its Persian name Sepah, tranlated to English as Pasdaran, is a military organization of the Islamic Republic of Iran. ...


After the battle

The line of Iraqi captives in Khorramshahr
The line of Iraqi captives in Khorramshahr

In re-taking the city, the Iranians captured some 19,000 soldiers from a demoralized Iraqi Army. Over 2,000 of these prisoners were executed to retaliate for the rape of several Iranian women in city at the beginning of the war. As a result, the Iraqis now know May 24th as “Martyr’s Day”, although the Iranians celebrate this day as the Liberation of Khorramshahr. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Khorramshahr (Persian: خرمشهر) is a port city in Khuzestan province in southwestern Iran. ...

Combatants United States Navy Iranian Navy Strength 1 aircraft carrier, 1 amphibious transport dock 4 destroyers 1 guided missile cruiser 3 frigates 4 frigates 4 Corvettes Several Mine Layers Several Missile Craft Operation Earnest Will (24 July 1987 - 26 September 1988) was the U.S. military protection of Kuwaiti oil... Combatants United States Special Operations Command Iranian Navy An aerial view of the leased barge Hercules with three Mark III patrol boats and the tugboat Mister John H tied up alongside in the northern Persian Gulf. ... Operation Eager Glacier was a secret U.S. effort to spy on Iran with aircraft in 1987 and 1988. ... Operation Nimble Archer was the 19 October 1987 attack on two Iranian oil platforms in the Persian Gulf by United States Navy forces. ... Iranian frigate IS Sahand (74) attacked by aircraft of U.S. Navy Carrier Air Wing 11 in retaliation for the mining of the guided missile frigate USS . ...

Commemoration

See also


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