Map of the UK showing the location of Lindisfarne at 55.679°N, 1.808°W (grid reference NU125421)Coordinates: 55.679° N 1.808° W

Lindisfarne Castle

Lindisfarne (grid reference NU125421, 55°40′46″N, 1°48′27″W), (variant spelling, Lindesfarne), also one of several different islands around the British coastline sometimes called Holy Island, is a tidal island off the north-east coast of England, which is connected to the mainland of Northumberland by a causeway and is cut off twice a day by tides — something well described by Sir Walter Scott: Image File history File links Download high resolution version (600x800, 11 KB) Summary Description: A blank map of the United Kingdom, with country outline and coastline; contact the author for help with modifications or add-ons Source: Reference map provided by Demis Mapper 6 Date: 2006-21-06 Author: User... Image File history File links Red_pog. ... The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using latitude or longitude. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using latitude or longitude. ... More than one place has become known or formally named Holy Island. ... St. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem No official anthem - the United Kingdom anthem God Save the Queen is commonly used England() – on the European continent() – in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto) Unified  -  by Athelstan 927 AD  Area  -  Total 130... Northumberland is a county in the North East of England. ... The Hindenburgdamm rail causeway across the Wadden Sea to the island of Sylt in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany In modern usage, a causeway is a road or railway elevated by a bank, usually across a broad body of water or wetland. ... Raeburns portrait of Sir Walter Scott in 1822. ...

For with the flow and ebb, its style

Varies from continent to isle;

Dry shood o'er sands, twice every day,

The pilgrims to the shrine find way;

Twice every day the waves efface

Of staves and sandelled feet the trace.

According to the 2001 census it had a usual population of 162. UK Census 2001 logo A nationwide census, commonly known as Census 2001, was conducted in the United Kingdom on Sunday 29 April 2001. ...

Nature reserve

Large parts of the island, and all of the adjacent inter-tidal area, are protected as Lindisfarne National Nature Reserve to help safeguard the internationally important wintering bird populations. Species for which the reserve is important include Pale-bellied Brent Goose, Wigeon, Teal, Pintail, Merlin, Dunlin, Bar-tailed Godwit and many others. The situation on the east coast also makes it a good place for observing migrating birds arriving from the east, including large numbers of Redwing and Fieldfare, and also scarcer Siberian birds including regular annual Yellow-browed Warblers. Rare species such as Radde's Warbler, Dusky Warbler and Red-flanked Bluetail have all occurred on Holy Island. Altogether, a total of almost 300 species have been recorded on the Island and adjacent reserve. With the large number and variety of birds present, the area is very popular with birders, particularly in the Autumn and Winter. Grey seals are frequent visitors to the rocky bays at high tide. “Aves” redirects here. ... Binomial name Branta hrota (O. F. Müller, 1776) Synonyms The Pale-bellied Brent Goose (Branta hrota) is a goose of the genus Branta, known in North America as Brant. ... Binomial name Anas penelope Linnaeus, 1758 The Wigeon or Eurasian Wigeon (Anas penelope) is a common and widespread duck which breeds in the northernmost areas of Europe and Asia. ... Binomial name Anas crecca Linnaeus, 1758 The Common Teal or Teal (Anas crecca) is a common and widespread duck which breeds in the northernmost areas of Europe and Asia. ... Binomial name Anas acuta Linnaeus, 1758 The Pintail or Northern Pintail (Anas acuta) is a common and widespread duck which breeds in the northern areas of Europe and Asia and across most of Canada, Alaska and the midwestern United States. ... Binomial name Falco columbarius (Linnaeus, 1758) Merlin (Falco columbarius) is a falcon that breeds in northern North America, Europe and Asia. ... Binomial name Calidris alpina (Linnaeus, 1758) The Dunlin, Calidris alpina, is a small wader. ... Binomial name Limosa lapponica (Linnaeus, 1758) The Bar-tailed Godwit, Limosa lapponica, is a large shorebird. ... Flock of Barnacle Geese during autumn migration Bird migration refers to the regular seasonal journeys of varying distances undertaken by many species of birds. ... Binomial name Turdus iliacus Linnaeus, 1766 The Redwing (Turdus iliacus) is a member of the thrush family Turdidae. ... Binomial name Turdus pilaris Linnaeus, 1758 The Fieldfare (Turdus pilaris) is a member of the thrush family Turdidae. ... It has been suggested that Western Siberia be merged into this article or section. ... Binomial name Phylloscopus inornatus (Blyth, 1842) The Yellow-browed Warbler (Phylloscopus inornatus) is a leaf warbler which breeds in Asia east from the Urals to China. ... Binomial name Phylloscopus schwarzi Radde,, 1863 Raddes Warbler, Phylloscopus schwarzi, is a leaf warbler which breeds in Siberia. ... Binomial name Phylloscopus fuscatus (Blyth, 1842) The Dusky Warbler, Phylloscopus fuscatus, is a leaf warbler which breeds in east Asia. ... Binomial name Tarsiger cyanurus (Pallas, 1773) The Red-flanked Bluetail (Tarsiger cyanurus) is a small passerine bird that was formerly classed as a member of the thrush family Turdidae, but is now more generally considered to be an Old World flycatcher, Muscicapidae. ... Birding or birdwatching is a hobby concerned with the observation and study of birds (the study proper is termed American origin; birdwatching is (or more correctly, was) the commonly-used word in Great Britain and Ireland and by non-birders in the United States. ...

History

The monastery of Lindisfarne was founded by Irish born Saint Aidan, who had been sent from Iona off the west coast of Scotland to Northumbria at the request of King Oswald around AD 635. It became the base for Christian evangelising in the North of England and also sent a successful mission to Mercia. Monks from the community of Iona settled on the island. Northumberland's patron saint, Saint Cuthbert, was a monk and later Abbot of the monastery, and his miracles and life are recorded by the Venerable Bede. Cuthbert later became Bishop of Lindisfarne. Bold textTHIS IS THE PAGE THAT A.S. REALLY NEEDS!! THIS IS NOW MARKED!!! ] ps i like A.O. This article is about an abbey as a Christian monastic community. ... Augustine was the Apostle of Kent, but Aidan was the Apostle of the English. ... Iona is a small island, in the Inner Hebrides, Scotland. ... Section from Shepherds map of the British Isles about 802 AD showing the kingdom of Northumbria Northumbria is primarily the name of a petty kingdom of Angles which was formed in Great Britain at the beginning of the 7th century, from two smaller kingdoms of Bernicia and Diera, and... Oswald (c. ... The Kingdom of Mercia at its greatest extent (7th to 9th centuries) is shown in green, with the original core area (6th century) given a darker tint. ... Northumberland is a county in the North East of England. ... Cuthbert of Lindisfarne (ca. ... Abbots coat of arms The word abbot, meaning father, has been used as a Christian clerical title in various, mainly monastic, meanings. ... Monastery of St. ... Bede, commonly known as the Venerable Bede, (c. ... The episcopal see of Lindisfarne was founded in 635 by Saint Aidan. ...

At some point in the early 700s the famous illuminated manuscript known as the Lindisfarne Gospels, an illustrated Latin copy of the Gospels of Mark, Luke, Matthew and John, was probably made at Lindisfarne and the artist was probably Eadfrith, who later became Bishop of Lindisfarne. Sometime in the second half of the tenth century a monk named Aldred added an Anglo-Saxon (Old English) gloss to the Latin text, producing the earliest surviving Old English copies of the Gospels. The Gospels were illustrated in an insular style containing a fusion of Celtic, Germanic and Roman elements; they were probably originally covered with a fine metal case made by a hermit called Billfrith. Folio 27r from the Lindisfarne Gospels contains the incipit from the Gospel of Matthew. ... For the genre of Christian-themed music, see gospel music. ... Eadfrith of Lindisfarne (died 721) also known as Saint Eadfrith was Bishop of Lindisfarne from 698 until 721. ... Note: This page contains phonetic information presented in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) using Unicode. ... Old English (also called Anglo-Saxon[1], Old English: ) is an early form of the English language that was spoken in parts of what is now England and southern Scotland between the mid-fifth century and the mid-twelfth century. ... Old English (also called Anglo-Saxon[1], Old English: ) is an early form of the English language that was spoken in parts of what is now England and southern Scotland between the mid-fifth century and the mid-twelfth century. ... For the genre of Christian-themed music, see gospel music. ... Onuphrius lived as a hermit in the desert of Upper Egypt in the late 4th century A hermit (from the Greek erēmos, signifying desert, uninhabited, hence desert-dweller) is a person who lives to some greater or lesser degree in seclusion and/or isolation from society. ...

In 793 a Viking raid on Lindisfarne caused much consternation throughout the Christian west, and is now often taken as the beginning of the age of Viking raids. A very famous passage in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle reads: The term Viking commonly denotes the ship-borne warriors and traders of Norsemen (literally, men from the north) who originated in Scandinavia and raided the coasts of Britain, Ireland and mainland Europe as far east as the Volga River in Russia from the late 8th–11th century. ... The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle is a collection of annals narrating the history of the Anglo-Saxons and their settlement in Great Britain. ...

In this year fierce, foreboding omens came over the land of Northumbria. There were excessive whirlwinds, lightning storms, and fiery dragons were seen flying in the sky. These signs were followed by great famine, and on January 8th of the same year, the ravaging of heathen men destroyed God's church at Lindesfarne. Omens or portents are signs encountered fortuitously that are believed to foretell the future. ... Chinese dragon, color engraving on wood, Chinese school, 19th Century The dragon is a mythical creature typically depicted as a large and powerful serpent or other reptile with magical or spiritual qualities. ...

Eventually the monks fled the island (taking with them the body of St Cuthbert, which is now buried at the Cathedral in Durham). The bishopric was transferred to Durham in AD 1000. The Lindisfarne Gospels now reside in the British Library in London, somewhat to the annoyance of some Northumbrians. The priory was re-established in Norman times as a Benedictine house and continued until its suppression in 1536 under Henry VIII. Durham Cathedrals famous Sanctuary Knocker on the North Door Ground plan of Durham Cathedral Legend of the founding of Durham depicted on cathedral The Cathedral Church of Christ, Blessed Mary the Virgin and St Cuthbert of Durham, which is almost always referred to as Durham Cathedral, in the city... Durham (IPA: locally, in RP) is a small city and main settlement of the City of Durham district of County Durham in North East England. ... British Library main building, London The British Library (BL) is the national library of the United Kingdom. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... A priory is an ecclesiastical circumscription run by a prior. ... Norman conquests in red. ... Munichs city symbol celebrates its founding by Benedictine monks—the origin of its name A Benedictine is a person who follows the Rule of St Benedict. ... dissolution see Dissolution. ... Henry VIII (28 June 1491 - 28 January 1547) was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland, from 22 April 1509 until his death. ...

Present day

The monastery is now a ruin in the care of English Heritage, who also run a museum/visitor centre nearby. The neighbouring parish church (see below) is still in use. English Heritage is a United Kingdom government body with a broad remit of managing the historic environment of England. ...

Lindisfarne also has the small Lindisfarne Castle, based on a Tudor fort, which was refurbished in the Arts and Crafts style by Sir Edwin Lutyens (who also designed the island's Celtic-cross war-memorial on the Heugh) and has a garden created by Gertrude Jekyll. The castle, garden and nearby limekilns are in the care of the National Trust and open to visitors. Lindisfarne Castle is located on the Northumbrian island of Lindisfarne. ... Artichoke wallpaper, by John Henry Dearle for William Morris & Co. ... Edwin Lutyens Sir Edwin Landseer Lutyens, OM, KCIE, PRA (29 March 1869 – 1 January 1944) was a leading 20th century British architect who is known for imaginatively adapting traditional architectural styles to the requirements of his era. ... Gertrude Jekyll (1843–1932) was an influential British garden designer, writer, and artist who created over 400 gardens in the UK, Europe and the USA. She also contributed over 1,000 articles to Country Life, The Garden and other magazines. ... Pierrefonds Castle, France. ... A 19th century limekiln A preserved lime kiln in London A lime kiln is a kiln used to produce quicklime by the calcination of limestone (calcium carbonate). ... The standard of the National Trust The National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty, usually known as The National Trust, is a British preservation organization. ...

Turner, Thomas Girtin and Charles Rennie Mackintosh all painted on Holy Island. Joseph Mallord William Turner (April 23, 1775 (exact date disputed) – December 19, 1851) was an English Romantic landscape painter, watercolourist and printmaker, whose style can be said to have laid the foundation for Impressionism. ... Thomas Girtin (1775 - November 9, 1802), English painter and etcher, was the son of a well-to-do cordage maker in Southwark, London. ... Hill House, Helensburgh. ...

Lindisfarne had a large lime burning industry and the kilns are among the most complex in Northumberland. There are still some traces of the jetties by which the coal was imported and the lime exported close by at the foot of the crags. Lime was quarried on the Island and the remains of the wagon way between the quarries and the kilns makes for a pleasant and easy walk. This quarrying flourished in the mid-19th century during the Industrial Revolution when over 100 men were thus employed. A 19th century limekiln A preserved lime kiln in London A lime kiln is a kiln used to produce quicklime by the calcination of limestone (calcium carbonate). ... A Watt steam engine. ...

Holy Island was considered part of the Islandshire unit along with several mainland parishes. This came under the jurisdiction of the County Palatine of Durham until the Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1788. Islandshire is a region in England, centred around Lindisfarne or Holy Island, including many villages on the mainland. ... County Durham is a county in north-east England. ...

Tourists crossing Pilgrim's Way

Lindisfarne was mainly a fishing community for many years, with farming and the production of lime also of some importance. Tourism grew steadily throughout the twentieth century, and it is now a popular place with visitors — sometimes a little too popular, as space and facilities are limited. By staying on the island while the tide cuts it off (time permitting) the non-resident visitor can experience the island in a much quieter mood, as most day visitors leave when the tide is rising again. It is possible, weather and tide permitting, to walk at low tide across the sands following the older crossing line known as the Pilgrims' Way and marked with posts: it also has refuge boxes for the careless walker, in the same way as the road has a refuge box for those who have left their crossing too late. Please see the safety note below. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...

A popular delicacy on the island is crab sandwiches, which are sold to tourists at many shops and cafés. Superfamilies Dromiacea Homolodromioidea Dromioidea Homoloidea Eubrachyura Raninoidea Cyclodorippoidea Dorippoidea Calappoidea Leucosioidea Majoidea Hymenosomatoidea Parthenopoidea Retroplumoidea Cancroidea Portunoidea Bythograeoidea Xanthoidea Bellioidea Potamoidea Pseudothelphusoidea Gecarcinucoidea Cryptochiroidea Pinnotheroidea * Ocypodoidea * Grapsoidea * An asterisk (*) marks the crabs included in the clade Thoracotremata. ... An Italian sandwich. ...

Lindisfarne Castle, garden and the nearby limekilns are in the care of the National Trust and open to visitors. The standard of the National Trust The National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty, usually known as The National Trust, is a British preservation organization. ...

Recently Lindisfarne has become the centre for the revival of Celtic Christianity in the North of England; a former minister of the church there, David Adam, is a well-known author of Celtic Christian books and prayers. Following from this, Lindisfarne has become a popular retreat centre, as well as holiday destination. Celtic Christianity, or Insular Christianity (sometimes commonly called the Celtic Church) broadly refers to the Early Medieval Christian practice that developed around the Irish Sea in the fifth and sixth centuries, that is among “Celtic”/“British” peoples such as the Irish, Scottish, Welsh, Cornish, Manx, etc. ... It has been suggested that Ecclesia (Church) be merged into this article or section. ... DAVID ADAM David Adam was born in Alnwick, Northumberland. ... Celtic Christianity, or Insular Christianity (sometimes commonly called the Celtic Church) broadly refers to the Early Medieval Christian practice that developed around the Irish Sea in the fifth and sixth centuries, that is among “Celtic”/“British” peoples such as the Irish, Scottish, Welsh, Cornish, Manx, etc. ... The term retreat has several related meanings, all of which have in common the notion of safety or temporarily removing oneself from ones usual environment. ...

The Holy Island of Lindisfarne is well known for mead. In the mediæval days when monks inhabited the island, it was thought that if the soul was in God's keeping, the body must be fortified with this elixir of herbs and honey, the wine bequeathed to posterity as Lindisfarne Mead. The monks have long vanished, but their spirit lingers in this aphrodisiac whose exact recipe remains a secret of the family still producing it. Lindisfarne mead is produced at St Aidan's Winery, and sold throughout the UK and elsewhere. Mead Mead is a fermented alcoholic beverage made of honey, water, and yeast. ...

Holy Island was featured on the television programme Seven Natural Wonders as one of the wonders of the North. The Lindisfarne Gospels have also featured on television among the top few Treasures of Britain. It also features in a new ITV Tyne Tees programme Diary of an Island which started on 19th April 2007 and on a DVDof the same name. Seven Natural Wonders is a television programme that aired on BBC Two from 3 May to 20 June 2005. ... Folio 27r from the Lindisfarne Gospels contains the incipit from the Gospel of Matthew. ...

Lindisfarne seen from the mainland

Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1492x136, 36 KB) http://en. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1492x136, 36 KB) http://en. ...

Safety

Visitors wishing to walk between the mainland and the island are urged to keep to the marked path, check tide times and weather carefully, and seek local advice if in doubt. Visitors driving should pay close attention to the timetables prominently displayed at both ends of the causeway and where the Holy Island road leaves the A1 Great North Road at Beal. The causeway is generally open from about 3 hours after high tide until 2 hours before the next high tide, but there is no substitute for checking the timetables for a specific date, and the period of closure may extend during stormy weather. Sign at Junction 1 of the A1(M) at South Mimms in Hertfordshire The A1 is the longest numbered road in the UK at 409 miles (658 km) long. ...

Lindisfarne in culture

In 1972, poet William Irwin Thompson named his Lindisfarne Association after the monastery on the island. William Irwin Thompson (1938- ) is a writer, social critic, and visionary, especially interested in keeping alive the esoteric, most profound, human and spiritual traditions of mankind, as he sees it. ... The Lindisfarne Association is a group of intellectuals of diverse interests organized by cultural historian William Irwin Thompson for the purpose of bringing about a planetary consciousness. ...

The Lindesfarne Community is a network of people, communities, churches and groups committed to the idea of "new monasticism" .

On film

Lindisfarne (particularly the castle) is the setting of the Roman Polanski film Cul-de-Sac (1966) with Donald Pleasence and Lionel Stander, shot entirely on location there. The island is semi-fictionalised into "Lindisfarne Island" and the castle is "Rob Roy". There is no village. The tide rises round a car which is stuck on the causeway; also featured are the characteristic sheds made from local fishing boats, inverted and cut in half. These may still be seen on the island. Roman Polanski (born Raymond Liebling, August 18, 1933 in Paris) is an Academy Award-winning Franco-Polish film director, writer, actor and producer. ... For a dead end street, see cul-de-sac. ... Donald Pleasence, OBE (October 5, 1919 – February 2, 1995) was an English stage and film actor. ... Lionel Stander & Freeway Lionel Jay Stander (January 11, 1908 – November 30, 1994) was an American character actor in movies, radio, theater and television. ...

In novels

Lindisfarne is referred to as The Holy Isle in Nancy Farmer's book "The Sea of Trolls," which also references the Norse invasion of Lindisfarne. Nancy Farmer is a former State Treasurer of the U.S. state of Missouri, serving from 2001 to 2005. ...

Lindisfarne plays a role in The Consciousness Plague, a 2002 science fiction/mystery novel by Paul Levinson. Dr. Phil D’Amato is a fictional NYPD forensic detective who has a penchant for strange cases. ... Paul Levinson, 2002 Paul Levinson (b. ...

It is also mentioned in passing in "Spirits White As Lightning", part of the Bedlam's Bard fantasy series by Mercedes Lackey & Rosemary Edghill.

It also plays an important role in Bernard Cornwell's "Saxon Tales".

Lindisfarne plays a key role in "Conqueror", the second book of the Time's Tapestry series by Stephen Baxter. Stephen Baxter at the Science-Fiction-Tage NRW in Dortmund, Germany, March 1997 Stephen Baxter (born in Liverpool, 13 November 1957) is a British hard science fiction author. ...

A thinly-disguised version of Lindisfarne is the setting for the New Bridge to Lyndesfarne quartet of modern fantasy novels by Trevor Hopkins.

In music

• Lindisfarne, a British folk/rock band (1969–2003).
• The German heavy metal band Stormwarrior wrote a song called "Lindisfarnel" about the Viking raid in AD 793.
• The Norwegian metal band Enslaved also released a song titled after the invasion, called "793 (Slaget Om Lindisfarne)".
• The Belgian folk/power/black metal band Ancient Rites has a song "Lindisfarne (Anno 793)" on their 2001 album Dim Carcosa.
• The Celtic Christian progressive rock band Iona has a song called "Lindisfarne" on its album Journey into the Morn released in 1995.
• The Polish black/death metal band Behemoth has a song "From Horned Lands To Lindisfarne" on its 1994 "... From The Pagan Vastlands" demo.
• The German power metal band Rebellion has a song on their 2005 album Sagas of Iceland — The History of the Vikings Volume 1 called "In Memorandum Lindisfarnae".

Lindisfarne were a popular British folk/rock group of the 1970s, fronted by singer/songwriter Alan Hull. ... Stormwarrior is a speed metal band from Germany that was formed in 1998 by vocalist and guitar player Lars Ramcke and drummer Andre Schumann, adding later in the same year guitarist Scott Bolter and bass player Tim Zienert. ... Enslaved is a progressive black/viking metal band from Haugesund, Norway. ... Ancient Rites is a Belgian black metal band formed in early 1989. ... Celtic Christianity, or Insular Christianity (sometimes commonly called the Celtic Church) broadly refers to the Early Medieval Christian practice that developed around the Irish Sea in the fifth and sixth centuries, that is among “Celtic”/“British” peoples such as the Irish, Scottish, Welsh, Cornish, Manx, etc. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... Iona is the name of an Scottish Celtic rock band, which was formed in the late 1980s by lead vocalist Joanne Hogg, multi-instrumentalists David Fitzgerald and Dave Bainbridge. ... Journey Into The Morn is a progressive rock album by Iona. ... Death metal is a heavy metal subgenre. ... Behemoth is an influential Polish blackened death metal band. ... Power metal is a style of heavy metal music typically with the aim of evoking an epic feel, combining characteristics of traditional metal with thrash metal or speed metal, often within symphonic context. ... Rebellion is a German heavy-metal band. ... Sagas of Iceland — The History of the Vikings Volume 1 is a 2005 concept album by Rebellion about the Icelandic Sagas. ...

External links

• The island's own web site
• A year on Holy Island - the Islanders' story
• Lindisfarne Holy Island Safe Crossing Times 2008
• Lindisfarne Holy Island Safe Crossing Times 2007
• Photographs and Description