NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Lisboa

Lisbon (Portuguese: Lisboa, IPA: [liʒ'βoɐ]) is the capital and largest city of Portugal. It is the seat of the district of Lisbon and capital of Lisboa region. Lisbon has a population of 564,657 and the Lisbon Metropolitan Area has almost 3,000,000 inhabitants (2005). Coat of Arms of the City of Lisbon Original file at: http://pt. ... Image File history File links LocalLisboa. ... This article describes the political subdivisions of Portugal: Districts, regions, metropolitan areas, urban communities, intermunicipal communities, undefined areas, autonomous regions, and former regions. ... Lisbon (Lisboa in Portuguese) is a district of Portugal. ... Political parties in Portugal lists political parties in Portugal. ... AntÃ³nio Pedro de Nobre Carmona Rodrigues (pron. ... The Social Democratic Party (Portuguese: Partido Social Democrata, pron. ... A freguesia (pron. ... District or region Lisbon Mayor - Party Carmona Rodrigues PSD Area 84. ... Saint Anthony of Padua Saint Anthony of Padua, also venerated as Anthony of Lisbon, particularly in Portugal (August 15, 1195 â€“ June 13, 1231) is a Catholic saint who was born in Lisbon as Fernando de BulhÃµes, to a wealthy family. ... June 13 is the 164th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (165th in leap years), with 201 days remaining. ... The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is a system of phonetic notation devised by linguists to accurately and uniquely represent each of the wide variety of sounds (phones or phonemes) used in spoken human language. ... In politics, a capital (also called capital city or political capital â€” although the latter phrase has an alternative meaning based on an alternative meaning of capital) is the principal city or town associated with its government. ... Lisbon (Lisboa in Portuguese) is a district of Portugal. ... Lisboa is one of the 7 NUTS II regions of Portugal. ... Lisbon Metropolitan Area (Portuguese: Ãrea Metropolitana de Lisboa, or AML) is a territorial zone that includes 18 municipalities. ...

Geography and location

Lisbon is situated at 38°43' north, 9°8' west, making it the westernmost capital in mainland Europe. It is located in the west of the country, on the Atlantic Ocean coast at the point where the river Tagus flows into the Atlantic Ocean. The city occupies an area of 84.6 km². The city boundaries, unlike those of most major cities, are narrowly defined around the historical city perimeter. This gave rise to the existence of several administratively defined cities around Lisbon, such as Loures, Odivelas, Amadora and Oeiras, which in fact are part of the metropolitan perimeter of Lisbon. Image File history File linksMetadata Plan_von_Lissabon. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Plan_von_Lissabon. ... View over Tejo River from São Jorge Castle in Lisbon (June 2002). ...

The historic centre of Lisbon is built on seven hills, making some of the city's streets too steep for motor vehicles; the city is served by three funicular services and one elevator. The western side of the city is mainly occupied by the Monsanto Natural Park, one of the largest urban parks in Europe with an area close to 10 square kilometres (almost 4 square miles).

Parishes

There are 53 as freguesias (civil parishes) in Lisbon: A freguesia is a secondary local administrative unit in Portugal and the former Portuguese overseas province of Macao. ... In England a civil parish (usually just parish) is the smallest area used for local government. ...

Ajuda is a Portuguese parish (freguesia) in the municipality (concelho) of Lisbon with 3. ... AlcÃ¢ntara docks Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Category:AlcÃ¢ntara AlcÃ¢ntara (pron. ... Municipality Lisbon Area 0. ... Municipality Lisbon Area 0. ... Municipality Lisbon Area 1. ... Municipality Lisbon Area 7. ... BelÃ©m (or Santa Maria de BelÃ©m, pron. ... Municipality Lisbon Area 0. ...

Coat of Arms of the City of Lisbon Original file at: http://pt. ... Ajuda is a Portuguese parish (freguesia) in the municipality (concelho) of Lisbon with 3. ... AlcÃ¢ntara docks Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Category:AlcÃ¢ntara AlcÃ¢ntara (pron. ... Municipality Lisbon Area 0. ... Municipality Lisbon Area 0. ... Municipality Lisbon Area 1. ... Municipality Lisbon Area 7. ... Municipality Lisbon Area 0. ... BelÃ©m (or Santa Maria de BelÃ©m, pron. ... Municipality Lisbon Area 4. ... Municipality Lisbon Area 0. ...

Climate

Lisbon is one of the warmest European capitals. Spring and summer months are usually sunny with maximum temperatures close to or above 30 °C during July and August and lows between 15 and 20 °C. Autumn and winter are typically rainy and windy with some sunny days; the temperature rarely falls below 5 °C, usually staying at an average of 10 °C. On average, there are 3300 sunny hours per year and 100 days with rain per year. Lisbon's climate is strongly influenced by the Gulf Stream. For the album by Ocean Colour Scene, see North Atlantic Drift (album) The Gulf Stream is orange and yellow in this representation of water temperatures of the Atlantic. ...

Demographics

The population of the city is 564,657, and the metropolitan area (Lisbon Metropolitan Area) is 2,760,723. Lisbon is also located in the region known as Região de Lisboa a NUTS II region which covers the same territory as Lisbon Metropolitan Area. The population density of the city itself is 6,658 inhabitants per km². It is expected that the population of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area will increase to some 4,5 million by 2015 and to more than 5 million by 2020. It is the fastest growing region in Portugal. Lisbon Metropolitan Area (Portuguese: Ãrea Metropolitana de Lisboa, or AML) is a territorial zone that includes 18 municipalities. ... Lisboa is one of the 7 NUTS II regions of Portugal. ... The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) is a geocode standard for referencing the administrative division of countries for statistical purposes. ...

Culture and sights

The heart of the city is the Baixa or city centre; this area of the city is being considered for UNESCO World Heritage Site status. The Baixa is organised in a grid system and a network of squares built after the 1755 Lisbon earthquake, which levelled a big part of the medieval town. The Castle of São Jorge and the Lisbon Cathedral are located on one of the seven hills of Lisbon, to the east of the Baixa. The oldest district of the city is Alfama, close to the Tagus, which has made it relatively unscathed through the various earthquakes. Other monuments include: Image File history File linksMetadata Rua_Augusta_Lisboa. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Rua_Augusta_Lisboa. ... UNESCO logo UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... This 1755 copper engraving shows the ruins of Lisbon in flames and a tsunami overwhelming the ships in the harbor. ... Castelo de SÃ£o Jorge Conquered by the Moors in 1147, Saint George Castle has an area of around 6000 square metres with several towers, look-outs, a dry moat and two squares divided by an internal wall with a connecting door. ... Santa Maria Maior de Lisboa or SÃ© de Lisboa is the cathedral of Lisbon and the oldest church in the city. ... Categories: Portugal geography stubs ...

The Castle of São Jorge, atop the tallest hill of the central city, Praça do Comércio (Commerce Square), Rossio Square, Restauradores Square, Elevador de Santa Justa, an elevator (lift) in Gothic revival style, built around 1900 to connect the Baixa and Bairro Alto, Jerónimos Monastery, Belém Tower, Padrão dos Descobrimentos (Monument of the Discoveries). The city of Lisbon is rich in architecture; Romanesque, Gothic, Manueline, Baroque, Traditional Portuguese, Modern and Post-Modern constructions can be found all over the city. The city is also crossed by great boulevards and monuments along these main thoroughfares, particularly in the upper districts; notable among these are the Avenida da Liberdade, Avenida Fontes Pereira de Mello, Avenida Almirante Reis and Avenida da República. Castelo de SÃ£o Jorge Conquered by the Moors in 1147, Saint George Castle has an area of around 6000 square metres with several towers, look-outs, a dry moat and two squares divided by an internal wall with a connecting door. ... Santa Justa lift, a lift in Lisbon at Santa Justa Street, built by engineer Raul Mesnier de Ponsard in 1900 and finished in 1902, its 45 meters high, has two booths allowing 24 people each, and was built so people could go from Lisbon downtown Santa Justa Street to... A set of elevators or lifts, in the lower level of a train station. ... Victoria Tower at the Palace of Westminster, London: Gothic details provided by A.W.N. Pugin The Gothic revival was a European architectural movement with origins in mid-18th century England. ... 1900 (MCM) was an exceptional common year starting on Monday. ... JerÃ³nimos Monastery exterior The JerÃ³nimos Monastery (Mosteiro dos JerÃ³nimos) is located in the BelÃ©m district of Lisbon, Portugal. ... BelÃ©m Tower BelÃ©m Tower, or Torre de BelÃ©m, is a 5-storey fortified lighthouse located in the BelÃ©m district of Lisbon, Portugal. ... PadrÃ£o dos Descobrimentos The PadrÃ£o dos Descobrimentos (Monument to the Discoveries) is a 52m high slab of concrete, located next to the River Tagus in the BelÃ©m district of Lisbon, Portugal. ... Romanesque St. ... See also Gothic art. ... In architecture, manueline is the sumptuous, composite Portuguese style of architectural ornamentation of the first decades of the 16th century, incorporating maritime elements and discoveries brought from the voyages of Vasco da Gama and Pedro Ãlvares Cabral. ... Adoration, by Peter Paul Rubens. ... Modernism is a cultural movement that generally includes the progressive art and architecture, music, literature and design which emerged in the decades before 1914. ... Postmodernism (sometimes abbreviated pomo) is a term applied to a wide-ranging set of developments in critical theory, philosophy, architecture, art, literature, and culture, which are generally characterized as either emerging from, in reaction to, or superseding, modernism. ...

Notable among the city's museums are: Image File history File linksMetadata MonumentoRestauradoresLisboa. ... Image File history File linksMetadata MonumentoRestauradoresLisboa. ...

The Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga (National Museum of Ancient Art); the Museu dos Azulejos (Museum of Portuguese-style Tile Mosaics); the Museu Calouste Gulbenkian (Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, containing varied collections of ancient and modern art); the Oceanário de Lisboa (Lisbon Aquarium, largest in Europe); the Museu do Design at Centro Cultural de Belém (Design Museum); the Museu Nacional dos Coches (National Coach Museum, containing one of the largest collections of royal coaches in the world) and the Museu da Farmácia (Pharmacy Museum). The Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga (MNAA, National Museum of Ancient Art) of Lisbon is the most important art museum in Portugal and one of the most important European museums. ... Museu Calouste Gulbenkian is a museum in Lisbon, Portugal, containing an impressive collection of ancient (and some modern) art. ...

Lisbon's opera house, the Teatro Nacional São Carlos, hosts a relatively active cultural agenda, mainly in autumn and winter. Other important theatres and musical houses are the Centro Cultural de Belem, the Teatro D. Maria and the Gulbenkian Foundation. The Teatro Nacional SÃ£o Carlos is an opera house in Lisbon. ...

The monument to Christ the King (Cristo Rei) stands on the left side of the river, in Almada. With open arms, overlooking the whole city, it resembles the Corcovado monument in Rio de Janeiro, and was built after World War II, as thanks for Portugal's being spared the horrors and destruction of the war. District or region SetÃºbal Mayor - Party EmÃlia Sousa CDU Area 70. ... Flag Seal Location Location of Rio de Janeiro Coordinates , Government Country Region State Brazil Southeast Rio de Janeiro Mayor Cesar Maia (PFL) Geographical characteristics Area City 1,260 kmÂ² Population City (2005) 5,613,000 [1] Density 4. ... Combatants Allies: Soviet Union, United Kingdom, France/Free France, United States, China, Canada, India, Australia, Poland, New Zealand, South Africa, Greece, and others Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan, Bulgaria, Finland, Romania, Hungary, Burma, Slovakia Casualties Military dead: 17 million Civilian dead: 33 million Total dead: 50 million Military dead: 8...

Every June there are some 5 days of popular street celebrations in memory of a saint born in Lisbon — Anthony of Lisbon (or Santo António), a wealthy Portuguese bohemian who was canonised after a life preaching to the poor, simpler people. Although Lisbon’s patron saint is Saint Vincent, whose remains are in the Cathedral (Se Cathedral), there are no festivities associated with him. Saint Anthony of Padua Saint Anthony of Padua, also venerated as Anthony of Lisbon, particularly in Portugal (August 15, 1195 - June 13, 1231) is a Catholic saint born in Lisbon as Fernando de Bulhões, to a wealthy family. ... This article discusses the process of declaring saints. ...

Parque Eduardo VII is the largest park located in the centre of the city, prolonging the main avenue (Avenida da Liberdade). Named after Edward VII of England who visited it when it was inaugurated, it includes a large variety of plants in a large winter garden (Estufa Fria). Edward VII King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Emperor of India His Majesty King Edward VII (Albert Edward) (9 November 1841–6 May 1910) was the first British monarch of the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. ...

History

Neolithic era to the Roman Empire

During the Neolithic the region was inhabited by the Iberians, who also lived in other regions of Atlantic Europe at the time. They built religious monuments called megaliths. Dolmens and Menhirs still survive in the countryside around the city. The Celts invaded after the first millennium BC and intermarried with the Iberians, giving rise to Celtic-speaking local tribes such as the Cempsi. An array of Neolithic artefacts, including bracelets, axe heads, chisels, and polishing tools Excavated dwellings at Skara Brae Scotland, Europes most complete Neolithic village. ... The Lady of Baza, made by Iberians The Iberians were an ancient, non-Indo-European people who inhabited the Iberian Peninsula in prehistoric and historic times. ... Megalithic tomb, Mane Braz, Brittany Bronze age wedge tomb in the Burren area of Ireland A megalith is a large stone which has been used to construct a structure or monument either alone or with other stones. ... The dolmen Er-Roch-Feutet found in Carnac, in Brittany, France. ... A menhir is a large, single upright standing stone (monolith or megalith), of prehistoric European origin. ... A Celtic cross. ... (2nd millennium BC – 1st millennium BC – 1st millennium AD – other millennia) Events The Iron Age began in Western Europe Egypt declined as a major power The Tanakh was written Buddhism was founded Cyrus the Great conquered Babylon and created the Persian Empire (6th century BC) Sparta and Athens fought the...

Archeological findings show that a Phoenician trading post existed in the place that, since 1200 B.C., has occupied the centre of the city. The magnificent natural harbour provided by the estuary of the river Tagus made it the ideal spot for a settlement to provide foodstuffs to Phoenician ships travelling to the tin islands (modern Isles of Scilly) and Cornwall. The new city was named Alis Ubbo or "safe harbor" in Phoenician. Besides sailing to the North, the Phoenicians also probably took advantage of the situation of the new colony at the mouth of Iberia's largest river to trade with the inland tribes for valuable metals. Other important local products were salt, salted fish and the then widely famous Lusitanian horses. Recently, Phoenician remains from the eighth century B.C. were found beneath the Middle Age Sé de Lisboa or main Cathedral of the modern city. Archaeology or sometimes in American English archeology (from the Greek words αρχαίος = ancient and λόγος = word/speech) is the study of human cultures through the recovery, documentation and analysis of material remains, including architecture, artefacts, biofacts, human remains, and landscapes. ... Phoenicia was an ancient civilization in the north of ancient Canaan, with its heartland along the coastal plains of what are now Lebanon and Syria. ... Estuaries and coastal waters are among the most productive ecosystems on Earth, providing numerous ecological, economic, cultural, and aesthetic benefits and services. ... View over Tejo River from Almourol Castle in Portugal (May 2005). ... General Name, Symbol, Number tin, Sn, 50 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 14, 5, p Appearance silvery lustrous gray Atomic mass 118. ... The Isles of Scilly (Cornish: Ynysek Syllan) form an archipelago of islands off the Cornish coast. ... Cornwall (Cornish: Kernow) is a county in South West England. ... A magnified crystal of a salt (halite/sodium chloride) In chemistry, a salt is any ionic compound composed of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions so that the product is neutral and without a net charge. ... Middle age is a non-specific age when a person is not old, not young, but somewhere in the middle. ... Santa Maria Maior de Lisboa is the SÃ© or cathedral of Lisbon and the oldest church in the City; it dates back to the year 306. ... A cathedral is a Christian church building, specifically of a denomination with an episcopal hierarchy, such as the Anglican, Catholic and some Lutheran churches, which serves as the central church of a diocese, and thus as a bishops seat. ...

According to an Ancient Greek myth, the hero Ulysses founded the city after he left Troy and departed to the Atlantic to escape the Greek coalition. However, the foundation of the city by the Phoenicians predates any Greek presence in the area. Ancient Greece is the period in Greek history lasting for close to a millennium, until the rise of Christianity. ... Odysseus and the Sirens. ... Walls of the excavated city of Troy Troy (Ancient Greek Î¤ÏÎ¿Î¯Î± Troia, also ÎŠÎ»Î¹Î¿Î½ Ilion; Latin: Troia, Ilium) is a legendary city, center of the Trojan War, described in the Trojan War cycle, especially in the Iliad, one of the two epic poems attributed to Homer. ...

The Greeks knew it as Olissipo, a name they thought was derived from Ulysses, though this was a folk etymology. In any case, the Greek name was corrupted in vulgar Latin to Olissipona. Folk etymology (or popular etymology) is a linguistic term for a category of false etymology which has grown up in popular lore, as opposed to one which arose in scholarly usage. ... Vulgar Latin, as in this political engraving at Pompeii, was the language of the ordinary people of the Roman Empire, distinct from the Classical Latin of literature. ...

Roman Empire to the Moorish conquest

During the Punic wars, after the defeat of Hannibal (whose troops included members of the Conii) the Romans decided to deprive Carthage in its most valuable possession, Hispania (the name given by the Romans to the whole of the Iberian Peninsula). After the defeat of the Carthaginians by Scipio Africanus in Eastern Hispania, the pacification of the West was led by Consul Decimus Junius Brutus. He obtained the alliance of Olissipo which sent men to fight alongside the Legions against the Celtic tribes of the Northwest. In return, Olissipo was integrated in the Empire under the name of Felicitas Julia, a Municipium Cives Romanorum. It was granted self-rule over a territory going as far away as 50 kilometres (30 miles), exempted from taxes, and its citizens given the privileges of Roman citizenship. It was in the newly created province of Lusitania, whose capital was Emerita Augusta. The attacks by the Lusitanians during the frequent rebellions over the next couple of centuries weakened the city and a wall was built. The Punic Wars were a series of three wars fought between Rome and the Phoenician city of Carthage. ... Bust of Hannibal Hannibal (247 BC â€“ 183/182 BC; sometimes referred to as HÇŽnnibal Barca) was a Carthaginian politician and statesman who is considered to be one of the finest military generals in history. ... Roman theater at MÃ©rida; the statues are replicas Hispania was the name given by the Romans to the whole of the Iberian Peninsula (modern Portugal, Spain, Andorra and Gibraltar) and to two provinces created there in the period of the Roman Republic: Hispania Citerior and Hispania Ulterior. ... This article deals with the Roman general who defeated Hannibal in the Second Punic War. ... Consul (abbrev. ... Decimus Junius Brutus Albinus (died 43 BC) was a Roman politician and general of the 1st century BC, one of Julius Caesars assassins. ... Roman province of Lusitania, 120 AD Lusitania, an ancient Roman province approximately including current Portugal (except for the area between the rivers Douro and Minho) and part of modern day western Spain (specifically the present autonomous community Extremadura), named after the Lusitani or Lusitanian people. ... Roman Theater MÃ©rida is the capital of the autonomous community of Extremadura, Spain. ... The Lusitanians are seen as the ancestors of the Portuguese, that lived in the western area of the Iberian Peninsula. ...

During the time of Augustus the Romans built a great Theatre; the Cassian Baths underneath the current Rua da Prata; Temples to Jupiter, Diana, Cybele, Tethys and Idae Phrygiae (an uncommon cult from Asia Minor), besides temples to the Emperor; a large necropolis under Figueira Plaza; a large Forum and other buildings such as insulae (multi-storied apartment buildings) in the area between the modern Castle Hill and Downtown. Many of these ruins were first unearthed during the middle Eighteenth century, when the recent discovery of Pompeii made Roman Archeology fashionable among Europe's upper classes. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Augustus (Latin: IMPERATOR CAESAR DIVI FILIVS AVGVSTVS[1]; September 23, 63 BC â€“ August 19, AD 14), known as Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus (in English Octavian) for the period of his life prior to 27 BC, was the first and among the most important of the Roman Emperors. ... It has been suggested that Drama (art form) be merged into this article or section. ... Adjective Jovian Atmospheric characteristics Atmospheric pressure 70 kPa Hydrogen ~86% Helium ~14% Methane 0. ... Classical Roman statue of Diana. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Mother goddess. ... In Greek mythology, Tethys was a Titaness and sea goddess who was both sister and wife of Oceanus. ... Anatolia (Greek: ανατολη anatole, rising of the sun or East; compare Orient and Levant, by popular etymology Turkish Anadolu to ana mother and dolu filled), also called by the Latin name of Asia Minor, is a region of Southwest Asia which corresponds today to the Asian portion of Turkey. ... A necropolis (plural: necropolises or necropoleis) is a cemetery or burying-place, literally a city of the dead. Apart from the occasional application of the word to modern cemeteries outside large towns, the term is chiefly used of burial grounds near the sites of the centers of ancient civilizations. ... Insula is the Latin word for island. It has other meanings: A Roman building with several stories. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... A computer-generated depiction of the eruption of Vesuvius in AD 79 which buried Pompeii, from Discovery Channels Pompeii: The Last Day. ...

Economically Olissipo was known for its garum, a sort of fish sauce highly prized by the elites of the Empire and exported in Amphorae to Rome and other cities. Wine, salt and its famously fast horses were also exported. The city came to be very prosperous through suppression of piracy and technological advances, which allowed a boom in the trade with the newly Roman Provinces of Britannia (particularly Cornwall) and the Rhine, and through the introduction of higher civilization to the tribes living by the river Tagus in the interior of Hispania. The city was ruled by an oligarchical council dominated by two families, the Julii and the Cassiae. Petitions are recorded addressed to the Governor of the province in Emerita and to the Empreror Tiberius, such as one requesting help dealing with "sea monsters" allegedly responsible for shipwrecks. Roman Lisbon's most famous son was Sertorius who led a large rebellion against Dictator Sulla early in the Roman Period. Among the majority of Latin speakers lived a large minority of Greek traders and slaves. The city was connected by a broad road to Western Hispania's two other large cities, Bracara Augusta in the province of Tarraconensis (today's Portuguese Braga), and Emerita Augusta, the capital of Lusitania (now Mérida in Spain). Garum is a type of fish sauce condiment popular in Ancient Roman society. ... AmphorÃ¦ on display in Bodrum Castle, Turkey An amphora is a type of ceramic vase with two handles, used for the transportation and storage of perishable goods and more rarely as containers for the ashes of the dead or as prize awards. ... City motto: Senatus Populusque Romanus â€“ SPQR (The Senate and the People of Rome) Founded 21 April 753 BC (mythical), early 1st millennium BC (archaeological) Region Latium Area - City Proper 1285 kmÂ² Population - City (2004) - Metropolitan - Density (city proper) 2,553,873 almost 4,300,000 1. ... Wine is an alcoholic beverage produced by the fermentation of fruit, typically grapes though a number of other fruits are also quite popular - such as plum, elderberry and blackcurrant. ... A magnified crystal of a salt (halite/sodium chloride) In chemistry, a salt is any ionic compound composed of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions so that the product is neutral and without a net charge. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Britannia, the British national personification. ... Cornwall (Cornish: Kernow) is a county in South West England. ... Loreley At 1,320 kilometres (820 miles) and an average discharge of more than 2,000 cubic meters per second, the Rhine (Dutch Rijn, French Rhin, German Rhein, Italian: Reno, Romansch: Rein, ) is one of the longest and most important rivers in Europe. ... Roman theater at MÃ©rida; the statues are replicas Hispania was the name given by the Romans to the whole of the Iberian Peninsula (modern Portugal, Spain, Andorra and Gibraltar) and to two provinces created there in the period of the Roman Republic: Hispania Citerior and Hispania Ulterior. ... Oligarchy is a form of government where most or all political power effectively rests with a small segment of society (typically the most powerful, whether by wealth, family, military strength, ruthlessness, or political influence). ... A governor is a governing official, usually the executive (at least nominally, to different degrees also politically and administratively) of a non-sovereign level of government, ranking under the head of state; furthermore the title applies to officials with a similar mandate as representatives of a chartered company which has... Tiberius Caesar Augustus, born Tiberius Claudius Nero (November 16, 42 BC â€“ March 16 AD 37), was the second Roman Emperor, from the death of Augustus in AD 14 until his own death in 37. ... Quintus Sertorius (died 72 BC), Roman statesman and general. ... Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix (Latin: LÂ·CORNELIVSÂ·LÂ·FÂ·PÂ·NÂ·SVLLAÂ·FELIX) Â¹ (ca. ... Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium. ... Braga is a city in northwestern Portugal, in the province of Minho. ... Roman Imperial province of Hispania Tarraconensis, 120 AD Hispania Tarraconensis was a Roman province in what is known today as modern Spain. ... District or region Braga Mayor - Party Mesquita Machado PS Area 183. ... Roman Theater MÃ©rida is the capital of the autonomous community of Extremadura, Spain. ... Roman province of Lusitania, 120 AD Lusitania, an ancient Roman province approximately including current Portugal (except for the area between the rivers Douro and Minho) and part of modern day western Spain (specifically the present autonomous community Extremadura), named after the Lusitani or Lusitanian people. ... Roman Theater MÃ©rida is the capital of the autonomous community of Extremadura, Spain. ...

In matters of religion, the city followed the mainstream Roman Polytheist cults, but with special attention paid to the god of Medicina (Asclepius), the Moon goddess Cybele, and a local lizard and snake divinity. Asclepius (Greek also rendered Aesculapius in Latin and transliterated Asklepios) was the god of medicine and healing in ancient Greek mythology, according to which he was born a mortal but was given immortality as the constellation Ophiuchus after his death. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Mother goddess. ...

Olissipo, like most great cities in the Western Empire, was a centre for the dissemination of Christianity. Its first Bishop was Saint Gens, and there were several martyrs killed by the pagans during the great persecutions; Maxima, Verissimus and Julia are the most significant names. Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as recounted in the Gospels. ... A bishop is an ordained member of the Christian clergy who, in certain Christian churches, holds a position of authority. ... Historically, a martyr is a person who dies for their convictions or religious faith, such as during the persecution of early Christians in the Roman Empire. ... Paganism (from Latin paganus, meaning a country dweller or civilian) is a blanket term which has come to connote a broad set of spiritual or religious beliefs and practices of natural or polytheistic religions, as opposed to the Abrahamic monotheistic religions. ...

At the end of the Roman domain, Olissipo was one of the first Christian cities. The first bishop was named Saint Gens, whose name is still carried by one of Lisbon's hills. It suffered invasions from Alans, Vandals and Suevs before eventually being included in the Visigoth kingdom of Toledo. The Alans, Alani, Alauni or Halani were an Iranian nomadic group among the Sarmatian people, warlike nomadic pastoralists of mixed backgrounds, who spoke an Iranian language and shared, in a broad sense, a common culture. ... The Vandals sacking Rome, by Heinrich Leutemann (1824-1904) Vandal and Vandali redirect here. ... Migrations The Visigoths were one of two main branches of the Goths, an East Germanic tribe (the Ostrogoths being the other). ...

Moorish Rule

In approximately 711 Lisbon was taken by the Moors (it was called al-ʾIšbūnah in Arabic الأشبونة), under whose rule the city flourished. The Moors, who were Muslims from North Africa and the Middle East, built many mosques and houses as well as a new city wall, currently named the Cerca Moura. The city kept a diverse population including Christians, Muslims, and Jews. See also: phone number 711. ... It has been suggested that Moor religion be merged into this article or section. ... The Arabic language (Arabic: â€Ž transliterated: ), or simply Arabic (Arabic: â€Ž transliterated: ), is the largest member of the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (classification: South Central Semitic) and is closely related to Hebrew and Aramaic. ... A Muslim (Arabic: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…, Turkish: MÃ¼slÃ¼man, Persian and Urdu: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…Ø§Ù†) is an adherent of Islam. ... The Badshahi Masjid in Lahore, Pakistan with an iwan at center, three domes, and five visible minarets A mosque is a place of worship for followers of the Islamic faith. ... A Christian is a follower of Jesus, whom they regard as a/the Christ. ... A Muslim (Arabic: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…, Turkish: MÃ¼slÃ¼man, Persian and Urdu: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…Ø§Ù†) is an adherent of Islam. ...

Life in Muslim Lisbon was completely different from contemporary Lisbon life. Arabic was the official language, spoken by the majority of the populace as their mother tongue. Islam was the official religion, and by the 10th century the majority of Lisbon's inhabitants were Muslim. The Arabic language (Arabic: â€Ž transliterated: ), or simply Arabic (Arabic: â€Ž transliterated: ), is the largest member of the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (classification: South Central Semitic) and is closely related to Hebrew and Aramaic. ... For other uses, including people named Islam, see Islam (disambiguation). ... A Muslim (Arabic: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…, Turkish: MÃ¼slÃ¼man, Persian and Urdu: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…Ø§Ù†) is an adherent of Islam. ...

The Moorish influence is still present in Lisbon. Many placenames are derived from Arabic; the Alfama, the oldest existing district of Lisbon, for example, is derived from the Arabic "al-hamma". Lisbon's name itself, pronounced "Lizhboa" in Portuguese, is more directly derived from the Arabic name of the city, al-Ushbuna, than the Latin Olissipo. The azulejos that appear throughout the city are originally Muslim in style, and the word "azulejo" is derived from an Arabic word. Categories: Portugal geography stubs ... Mission, or barrel, roof tiles For the towns named Tile, see Tile, Somalia and Tile, Lebanon. ... A Muslim (Arabic: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…, Turkish: MÃ¼slÃ¼man, Persian and Urdu: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…Ø§Ù†) is an adherent of Islam. ...

In 1147, as part of the Reconquista, a group of combined French, English, German, and Portuguese knights, led by Afonso I of Portugal, sieged and reconquered Lisbon. It is believed that some of its inhabitants of all religions were slaughtered. Lisbon was now back in Christian hands. Events King Afonso I of Portugal and the Crusaders capture Lisbon from Muslims First written mention of Moscow. ... The Reconquista (Reconquest) refers to the process for which the Christian Kingdoms of northern Hispania, defeated and conquered the southern Muslim and moorish states of the Iberian Peninsula, existing since the Arab invasion of 711. ... Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location (dark green) within the United Kingdom (light green), with the Republic of Ireland (blue) to its west Languages English Capital London Largest city London Area â€“ Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 kmÂ² Population â€“mid-2004... Afonso I of Portugal (English Alphonzo or Alphonse), more commonly known as Afonso Henriques (pron. ...

The fall of Islam is one of the most significant events in Lisbon's history. Arabic lost its place in everyday life, and was replaced by Portuguese. The majority Muslim population was gradually converted to Roman Catholicism and the mosques were turned into churches. The Arabic language (Arabic: â€Ž transliterated: ), or simply Arabic (Arabic: â€Ž transliterated: ), is the largest member of the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (classification: South Central Semitic) and is closely related to Hebrew and Aramaic. ... A Muslim (Arabic: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…, Turkish: MÃ¼slÃ¼man, Persian and Urdu: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…Ø§Ù†) is an adherent of Islam. ... Catholic Church redirects here. ... The Badshahi Masjid in Lahore, Pakistan with an iwan at center, three domes, and five visible minarets A mosque is a place of worship for followers of the Islamic faith. ... A church building (or simply church) is a building used in Christian worship. ...

From the Middle Ages to the Portuguese Empire

It received its first Foral in 1179, and became the capital city of Portugal in 1255 due to its central location in the new Portuguese territory. Fueros is a Spanish legal term and concept; there is a similar Portuguese term, Forals. ... Events Third Council of the Lateran condemned Waldensians and Cathars as heretics, institutes a reformation of clerical life, and creates the first ghettos for Jews Afonso I is recognized as the true King of Portugal by Portugal the protection of the Catholic Church against the Castillian monarchy Philip II is... Events Königsberg was founded Births Emperor Albert I of Germany, in July Deaths Monarchs/Presidents Aragon - James I King of Aragon and count of Barcelona (reigned from 1213 to 1276) Categories: 1255 ...

During the last centuries of the middle ages, the city expanded substantially and became an important trading post with both northern Europe and Mediterranean cities.

A university school at Lisbon was originally founded in 1290 by Denis I of Portugal as Estudo Geral (General Study) (today the University of Coimbra), being transferred several times to Coimbra where it was installed definitively in the 16th century. The city refounded its own university in 1911 after centuries of inactivity in Lisbon, incorporating reformed former colleges and other non-university higher education schools of the city (such as the Escola Politécnica). Today there are 3 public universities in the city (University of Lisbon, Technical University of Lisbon and New University of Lisbon) and a public university institute (ISCTE) - see list of universities in Portugal. Representation of a university class, 1350s. ... For broader historical context, see 1290s and 13th century. ... Dinis of Portugal (in archaic Portuguese Diniz; in English Denis), the Farmer (Port. ... The University of Coimbra (Portuguese: Universidade de Coimbra) is a Portuguese public university in Coimbra, Portugal. ... District Coimbra Mayor - Party Carlos EncarnaÃ§Ã£o PSD Area 316. ... (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... The University of Lisbon (Universidade de Lisboa) is a leading public university in Lisbon, Portugal, and is composed by eight faculties. ... The Technical University of Lisbon (UTL - Universidade Técnica de Lisboa) was created in 1930 in Lisbon, as a confederation of older schools, and comprises, nowadays, the Faculties of Veterinary Medicine; Agricultural Sciences; Economics and Business Administration; Engineering, Social and Political Sciences; Architecture; and Human Kinetics. ... The New University of Lisbon (Universidade Nova de Lisboa) was established in 1973 and is the youngest of the three public universities of Lisbon, in Portugal. ... The ISCTE - Instituto Superior de Ciências do Trabalho e da Empresa, in Lisbon, is a public university institute which offers courses in Management, Anthropology, Sociology, History, Economics and Psychology. ... // State-Run Universities Universidade dos AÃ§ores (Azores) Universidade do Algarve (Faro) Universidade de Aveiro (Aveiro) Universidade da Beira Interior (CovilhÃ£) Universidade de Coimbra (Coimbra) Universidade de Ã‰vora (Ã‰vora) Universidade de Lisboa (Lisbon) Universidade da Madeira (Madeira) Universidade do Minho (Braga and GuimarÃ£es) Universidade Nova de Lisboa (Lisbon) Universidade...

Most of the Portuguese expeditions of the age of discovery left from Lisbon during the XV to XVII centuries, including Vasco da Gama departure to India in 1497. The Age of Discovery or Age of Exploration was a period from the early 15th century and continuing into the early 17th century, during which European ships travelled around the world to search for new trading routes and partners to feed burgeoning capitalism in Europe. ... Vasco da Gama Vasco da Gama Vasco da Gama (IPA: ; born c. ... 1497 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The 16th century marks the golden age for Lisbon. The city became the European hub of commerce with the Far East, while gold from Brazil also flooded into the city. See Portuguese Empire. (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... History of Portugal series Prehistoric Portugal Pre-Roman Portugal Roman Lusitania and Gallaecia Visigoths and Suevi Moorish rule and Reconquista First County of Portugal Kingdom of Galicia and Portugal Second County of Portugal Establishment of the Monarchy Consolidation of the Monarchy 1383â€“1385 Crisis Discoveries Portuguese Empire 1580 Crisis Iberian...

The 1640 restoration revolt takes place in Lisbon (see Philip III of Portugal). Events December 1 - Portugal regains its independence from Spain and JoÃ£o IV of Portugal becomes king. ... Philip IV of Spain Philip IV (April 8, 1605 - September 17, 1665) was the king of Spain, from 1621 until his death, and king of Portugal until 1640. ...

On 26 January 1531 the city was hit by an earthquake which killed thousands. Image File history File links 1755_Lisbon_earthquake. ... Image File history File links 1755_Lisbon_earthquake. ... January 26 is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events January 26 - Lisbon, Portugal is hit by an earthquake-- thousands die October 1 - Battle of Kappel - The forces of ZÃ¼rich are defeated by the Catholic cantons. ... An earthquake is a phenomenon that results from and is powered by the sudden release of stored energy that radiates seismic waves. ...

On 1 November 1755 Lisbon was destroyed by another earthquake, which killed between 60,000 and 90,000 people and destroyed eighty-five percent of the city [1]. Voltaire wrote a long poem, "Poême sur le désastre de Lisbonne", shortly afterwards, and mentioned the earthquake in his 1759 novel Candide (indeed, many argue that this critique of optimism was inspired by that earthquake). Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr. also mentions it in his 1857 poem, The Deacon's Masterpiece, or The Wonderful One-Hoss Shay. Picture taken by User:Abelson in July 2003. ... Picture taken by User:Abelson in July 2003. ... PadrÃ£o dos Descobrimentos The PadrÃ£o dos Descobrimentos (Monument to the Discoveries) is a 52m high slab of concrete, located next to the River Tagus in the BelÃ©m district of Lisbon, Portugal. ... November 1 is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 60 days remaining. ... 1755 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... This 1755 copper engraving shows the ruins of Lisbon in flames and a tsunami overwhelming the ships in the harbor. ... The last of Voltaires statues by Jean-Antoine Houdon (1781). ... 1759 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Daniel Defoes Robinson Crusoe; title page of 1719 newspaper edition A novel (from French nouvelle Italian novella, new) is an extended fictional narrative in prose. ... Candide, ou lOptimisme, (English: Candide, or Optimism) (1759) is a picaresque novel by the Enlightenment philosopher Voltaire. ... Half full or half empty? Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Optimism Optimism, the opposite of pessimism, exemplifies a lifeview where one looks upon the world as a positive place. ... Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. ... 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Poetry (ancient Greek: poieo = create) is an art form in which human language is used for its aesthetic qualities in addition to, or instead of, its notional and semantic content. ...

After the 1755 earthquake, the city was rebuilt largely according to the plans of the Marquês de Pombal; hence the designation of the lower town as Baixa Pombalina. Instead of rebuilding the medieval town, Marques de Pombal decided to demolish the remains of the earthquake and rebuild the down town in accordance with modern urban rules. SebastiÃ£o JosÃ© de Carvalho e Melo, Marquis of Pombal (in Portuguese, MarquÃªs de Pombal), (13 May 1699 â€“ 15 May 1782) was a Portuguese statesman. ...

19th and 20th centuries

In the first years of the 19th century, Portugal was invaded by the troops of Napoleon Bonaparte and king John VI of Portugal temporarily fled to Brazil. Considerable property was pillaged by the invaders. The city felt the full force of the Portuguese liberal upheavals, beginning its tradition of cafés and theatres. In 1879 the Avenida da Liberdade was opened, replacing a previous public garden. Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Bonaparte as general Napoleon Bonaparte ( 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a general of the French Revolution and was the ruler of France as First Consul (Premier Consul) of the French Republic from November 11, 1799 to May 18, 1804, then as Emperor of the French (Empereur des Français... John VI (Portuguese JoÃ£o, pron. ...

Lisbon was the centre of the republican coup of October 5, 1910 which instated the Portuguese Republic. Previously, it was also the stage of the regicide of Carlos I of Portugal (1908). October 5 is the 278th day of the year (279th in Leap years). ... 1910 (MCMX) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... The broad definition of regicide is the deliberate killing of a king, or the person responsible for it. ... Carlos I (Eng. ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ...

During World War II Lisbon was one of the very few neutral, open European Atlantic ports, a major gateway for refugees to the U.S. and a spy nest. Combatants Allies: Soviet Union, United Kingdom, France/Free France, United States, China, Canada, India, Australia, Poland, New Zealand, South Africa, Greece, and others Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan, Bulgaria, Finland, Romania, Hungary, Burma, Slovakia Casualties Military dead: 17 million Civilian dead: 33 million Total dead: 50 million Military dead: 8...

In 1974, Lisbon was the central destination point of the Carnation Revolution maneuvers, the end of the Portuguese Corporative Regime (Estado Novo). 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (the link is to a full 1974 calendar). ... The Carnation Revolution (Portuguese, RevoluÃ§Ã£o dos Cravos) was an almost bloodless, left-leaning, military-led revolution started on April 25, 1974, in Lisbon, Portugal, that effectively changed the Portuguese regime from an authoritarian dictatorship to a liberal democracy after a two-year process of a Left-wing semi-military... History of Portugal series Prehistoric Portugal Pre-Roman Portugal Roman Lusitania and Gallaecia Visigoths and Suevi Moorish rule and Reconquista First County of Portugal Kingdom of Galicia and Portugal Second County of Portugal Establishment of the Monarchy Consolidation of the Monarchy 1383â€“1385 Crisis Discoveries Portuguese Empire 1580 Crisis Iberian...

In 1986, a fire near the historical centre of Chiado greatly disrupted normal life in the area for about 10 years.

In 1994, Lisbon was the European Capital of Culture. The European Capital of Culture is a city designated by the European Union for a period of one year during which it is given a chance to showcase its cultural life and cultural development. ...

Expo '98 was held in Lisbon. The timing was intended to commemorate the 500th anniversary of Vasco da Gama's sea voyage to India. Parque das NaÃ§Ãµes: exemplary modern architecture Expo 98 was a Worlds Fair held at Parque das NaÃ§Ãµes (Park of the Nations) in Lisbon, Portugal from May 22 to September 30, 1998. ... Vasco da Gama Vasco da Gama Vasco da Gama (IPA: ; born c. ...

The Lisbon Agenda was an EU agreement on measures to revamp the EU economy, signed in Lisbon at an EU summit in 1999. The Lisbon Strategy, also known as the Lisbon Agenda or Lisbon Process, is an action and development plan for the European Union. ...

Contemporary Events

Lisbon hosted the 27th Taizé New Year European Meeting from 28th December 2004 to 1st January 2005. Brother Roger of TaizÃ©, 2003 The TaizÃ© Community is an ecumenical Christian mens monastic order in TaizÃ©, SaÃ´ne-et-Loire, Burgundy, France // Community The community was founded in 1940 by FrÃ¨re Roger (Brother Roger), who remained its Prior until his death on August 16, 2005 and is... (Redirected from 28th December) December 28 is the 362nd day of the year (363rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 3 days remaining. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... (Redirected from 1st January) January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Every March the city hosts the world-famous Lisbon Half Marathon, one of the most attended events of its kind in the world.

It regularly hosts countless other international events including various NATO, EU and other summits. NATO 2002 Summit in Prague The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, the Atlantic Alliance or the Western Alliance, is an international organisation for collective security established in 1949, in support of the North Atlantic Treaty signed in Washington, DC, on 4 April 1949. ...

In January 2006, Lisbon was the starting city of the Dakar Rally. 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A Renault truck during the 2004 Dakar The Paris Dakar Rally (or simply The Dakar) is an annual professional off-road race, currently sponsored by Total S.A. and organized by the Amaury Sport Organisation. ...

Rock in Rio was held in Lisbon twice, hosting concerts of many high profile singers and bands, such as Shakira, Guns N' Roses, Roger Waters and many more. Queen at Rock in Rio (1985) Rock in Rio was the biggest rock festival held in Brazil. ... Shakira Isabel Mebarak Ripoll (born February 2, 1977), better known simply as Shakira, is a Colombian Latin pop singer-songwriter. ... Guns N Roses (GNR) is an American hard rock band that gained fame during the late 1980s and early 1990s. ... George Roger Waters (born September 6, 1943) is a British rock musician and songwriter. ...

Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x300, 85 KB) Summary Lisbon viewed from Cacilhas. ...

Economy

Lisbon, as the capital city of Portugal, has an economy concentrated on services. Most of the headquarters of multinationals operating in Portugal are concentrated in this city. Greater Lisbon is also heavily industrialized, especially the south bank of the Tagus river (Rio Tejo). Área Metropolitana de Lisboa (Lisbon Metropolitan Area, AML) is a territorial zone that includes 18 municipalities. ...

The Lisbon region is by far the wealthiest in Portugal: it produces 45% of the Portuguese GDP, and in per capita terms it is well above the rest of Portugal and above the European Union average. The Lisbon region is likely to stop receiving development aid from the EU in the coming years. Lisboa is one of the 7 NUTS II regions of Portugal. ...

Transportation

Though the Lisbon public transportation network is extremely far-reaching and reliable, the city still suffers from endemic severe traffic problems. This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... The Vasco da Gama Bridge is a cable-stayed bridge that spans the Tagus River near Lisbon, Portugal. ... Download high resolution version (4113x1314, 1046 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (4113x1314, 1046 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... The Tagus River Bridge in Lisbon, Portugal was completed in 1966 after four years of construction for $32 million. ...

Lisbon's transportation system has the Metro as its main artery, connecting the city centre with the upper and eastern districts. Ambitious expansion projects will increase the network by almost one third, connecting the airport, and the northern and western districts. Bus, funicular and tram services have been supplied by the Companhia de Carris de Ferro de Lisboa (Carris), for over a century. The Lisbon Metro is the metro (subway) system that provides Lisbon, Portugal with mass-transit services. ...

A traditional public transportation in Lisbon is the tram. Originally introduced in the 19th century, the trams were originally imported from the U.S. and called americanos. The original trams can still be seen in the Museu da Carris (the Public Transportation Museum) (Carris) Image File history File linksMetadata Electricos_Lisboa_1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Electricos_Lisboa_1. ... TW2000 car in Hanover Volkswagen Cargo-Tram in Dresden on a section of grassed track. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Motto: (traditional) In God We Trust (official, 1956â€“present) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City Official language(s) None at the federal level; English de facto Government Federal Republic - President George W. Bush (R) - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence - Declared - Recognized...

There are four suburban lines departing from Lisbon: the Cascais, Sintra and Azambuja lines as well as a fourth line to Setúbal crossing the Tagus river over the 25 de Abril Bridge. District or region Lisbon Mayor - Party AntÃ³nio Capucho PSD/CDS-PP Area 97. ... District Lisbon Mayor - Party Fernando Seara PSD Area 316. ... Coat of Arms SetÃºbal is a municipality in Portugal with a total area of 172. ... View over Tejo River from Almourol Castle in Portugal (May 2005). ... The Tagus River Bridge or 25th of April Bridge (Ponte 25 de Abril) in Lisbon, Portugal, was built by the American Bridge Company and completed in 1966, after four years of construction, for $32 million. ...

Lisbon is connected to its suburbs and the rest of Portugal by an extensive motorway network. There are three circular motorways around the city; the 2ª Circular, the CRIL and the CREL. AntÃ³nio de Oliveira Salazar (pron. ... The Carnation Revolution (Portuguese, RevoluÃ§Ã£o dos Cravos) was an almost bloodless, left-leaning, military-led revolution started on April 25, 1974, in Lisbon, Portugal, that effectively changed the Portuguese regime from an authoritarian dictatorship to a liberal democracy after a two-year process of a Left-wing semi-military... A suspension bridge is a type of bridge that has been made since ancient times. ... The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Golden Gate, the opening into the San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ... The Vasco da Gama Bridge is a cable-stayed bridge that spans the Tagus River near Lisbon, Portugal. ...

The Portela Airport with international flights to any destination worldwide, is located in the city. Portela Airport (IATA: LIS, ICAO: LPPT) (pron. ...

Education in Lisbon

The city has several private and public secondary schools, primary schools as well as kindergartens. In Greater Lisbon area there are also international schools such as Saint Julian's School, the Carlucci American International School of Lisbon, St Dominic's school, Deutsche Schule Lissabon, and Lyceé Francais Charles Lepierre basic. High School also refers to the highest form of classical riding, High School Dressage. ... Primary or elementary education is the first years of formal, structured education that occurs during childhood. ... A kindergarten in Afghanistan. ... Saint Julians is a private English language school in Carcavelos, Portugal, 30 minutes by train from Lisbon. ... It is proposed that this article be deleted, because of the following concern: Thank you for experimenting with Wikipedia. ...

There are 4 major public universities in Lisbon: the University of Lisbon (founded in 1911 it is Lisbon's oldest higher education institution in continuous operation), the Technical University of Lisbon, New University of Lisbon and the ISCTE, providing degrees in the natural sciences, engineering, medicine, law, education, sports, architecture, social sciences and humanities. There is also a polytechnic institute, the Polytechnical Institute of Lisbon. Major private institutions of higher education include the Portuguese Catholic University, as well as the Modern University of Lisbon, the Lusiada University, the Lusófona University of Humanities and Technologies and the Autonomous University of Lisbon. A public university is an institution of higher education that is funded by public means through a national or regional government. ... The University of Lisbon (Universidade de Lisboa) is a leading public university in Lisbon, Portugal, and is composed by eight faculties. ... 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). ... The Technical University of Lisbon (UTL - Universidade Técnica de Lisboa) was created in 1930 in Lisbon, as a confederation of older schools, and comprises, nowadays, the Faculties of Veterinary Medicine; Agricultural Sciences; Economics and Business Administration; Engineering, Social and Political Sciences; Architecture; and Human Kinetics. ... The New University of Lisbon (Universidade Nova de Lisboa) was established in 1973 and is the youngest of the three public universities of Lisbon, in Portugal. ... The ISCTE - Instituto Superior de Ciências do Trabalho e da Empresa, in Lisbon, is a public university institute which offers courses in Management, Anthropology, Sociology, History, Economics and Psychology. ... The term polytechnic, from the Greek Ï€Î¿Î»á½» polÃº meaning many and Ï„ÎµÏ‡Î½Î¹Îºá½¹Ï‚ tekhnikÃ³s meaning arts, is commonly used in many countries to describe an institution that delivers vocational or technical education and training, other countries do not use the term and use alternative terminology. ... Lisbon Polytechnic (Instituto PolitÃ©cnico de Lisboa) is one of the biggest polythecnics in Portugal. ... The Portuguese Catholic University (UCP - Universidade CatÃ³lica Portuguesa) is a private university of the Catholic Church, in Portugal. ... A university based in Portugal founded in 1986 in Lisbon. ...

Gallery

Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x683, 159 KB) Summary Photography by Osvaldo Gago Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: BelÃ©m Tower Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. ... Image File history File linksMetadata TelhadosLisboa1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Parque_Eduardo_Setimo. ... Image File history File linksMetadata TeatroNacionalDMariaII.JPG Teatro Nacional D. Maria II, Lisbon, Portugal. ... Image File history File linksMetadata MonumentoRestauradoresLisboa. ... Download high resolution version (1704x2272, 1081 KB)Lisbons Convento do Carmo, which was gutted by the 1755 Lisbon earthquake This picture was taken 2003-10-22 12:52:17 PM WET and is released under the GNU Free Documentation License: File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1536x2048, 578 KB) Description: pt: CalÃ§ada, Lisboa, Portugal. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Jardim_Museu_Agricola_Tropical_Lisboa_1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata ArcoDoTriunfoLisboa1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (3264x2448, 3342 KB) Summary Original photograph taken by Nol Aders on 20th October 2005, 14:14 Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Lisbon Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (427x640, 60 KB) Summary Photographer: Osvaldo Gago Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Lisbon Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. ... Image File history File links Gare_Oriente_Lisboa. ... Image File history File linksMetadata DSC00538. ... Image File history File links Parque_Eduardo_VII_5. ... Image File history File links Seixial_021406_Jesus_Christo. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1958x1469, 380 KB) Vista do Porto de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Lisbon Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the...

Miscellaneous

The Community of Portuguese Language Countries (Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa or CPLP) is a multilateral forum for mutual friendship between the lusophone nations across the world where Portuguese is an official language. ... Fado singer DÃ©bora Rodrigues performs in Lisbon Fado (translated as destiny or fate) is a music genre which most likely originated in the 1820s in Portugal, but probably with much earlier origins. ... LuÃs de CamÃµes Monument to LuÃs de CamÃµes, Lisbon LuÃs Vaz de CamÃµes (pron. ... Os LusÃadas (The Lusiads) is considered one of the finest and most important works in Portuguese literature. ... JerÃ³nimos Monastery exterior The JerÃ³nimos Monastery (Mosteiro dos JerÃ³nimos) is located in the BelÃ©m district of Lisbon, Portugal. ... Portela Airport (IATA: LIS, ICAO: LPPT) (pron. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Sport Lisboa e Benfica (commonly referred to as simply SL Benfica, Benfica or Benfica Lisbon) is a football club based in Lisbon, Portugal. ... Sporting Clube de Portugal (pron. ... Clube de Futebol Â«Os BelenensesÂ» is one of the most important and historical Portuguese sports club. ... Pastel de Nata or Pastel de BelÃ©m is a small cream tart found throughout Portugals pastry shops or cafÃ©s. ... PastÃ©is de nata (cream custards) Pastel de Nata or Pastel de BelÃ©m (plural: PastÃ©is de BelÃ©m) is a small cream tart found throughout Portugals pastry shops or cafÃ©s. ... BelÃ©m (or Santa Maria De BelÃ©m) is an old quarter of Lisbon, Portugal, located 6km west of the present city centre (Baixa) and 2km west of Ponte 25 de Abril (The 25th of April Bridge). ...

Buildings

Assembly of the Republic The Assembly of the Republic (Portuguese: Assembleia da RepÃºblica, pron. ... The Portuguese Parliament The PalÃ¡cio de SÃ£o Bento (English: Saint Benedicts Palace) is the home of the Assembly of the Republic, the Portuguese parliament. ... ÃŠInsert non-formatted text here--62. ... Gare do Oriente is one of the main transport hubs in Lisbon, Portugal. ... PavilhÃ£o AtlÃ¢ntico is an arena in Lisbon, Portugal. ...

Prominent people born in Lisbon

Saint Anthony of Padua, also venerated as Saint Anthony of Lisbon (Santo AntÃ³nio de Lisboa), particularly in Portugal (August 15, 1195 â€“ June 13, 1231), is a Catholic saint who was born in Lisbon, Portugal, as Fernando de BulhÃµes (pron. ... Events Priory of St Marys, Bushmead, founded. ... // Events Ardengus becomes bishop of Florence. ... John XXI, born Pedro JuliÃ£o (1215 â€“ May 20, 1277), a Portuguese also called Pedro Hispano (Latin, Petrus Hispanus), was Pope from 1276 until his death. ... // Events A certified copy of the Magna Carta June 15 - King John of England forced to put his seal to the Magna Carta, outlining the rights of landowning men (nobles and knights) and restricting the kings power. ... Events The philosophical doctrine Averroism is banned from Paris by bishop Etienne Tempier Burmas Pagan empire begins to disintegrate after being defeated by Kublai Khan at Ngasaungsyan, near the Chinese border. ... Antonio Vieira (February 6, 1608 _ 1697), Portuguese Jesuit and writer, the prince of Catholic pulpit-orators of his time, was born in Lisbon. ... Events March 18 - Sissinios formally crowned Emperor of Ethiopia May 14 - Protestant Union founded in Auhausen. ... Events September 20 - The Treaty of Ryswick December 2 â€“ St Pauls Cathedral opened in London Peter the Great travels in Europe officially incognito as artilleryman Pjotr Mikhailov Use of palanquins increases in Europe Christopher Polhem starts Swedens first technical school. ... Seal of the Society of Jesus The Society of Jesus (Societas Iesu (S.J.) in Latin) is a Christian religious order of the Roman Catholic Church in direct service to the Pope. ... Catherine of Braganza [1] (25 November 1638 â€“ 30 November 1705) (Catherine Henrietta, in Portuguese Catarina Henriqueta de BraganÃ§a), was the queen consort of King Charles II of England. ... Events March 29 - Swedish colonists establish first settlement in Delaware, called New Sweden. ... // Events Construction begins on Blenheim Palace, in Oxfordshire, England. ... King George V of the United Kingdom and his consort, Queen Mary A queen consort is the wife and consort of a reigning king. ... Charles II (29 May 1630 â€“ 6 February 1685) was the King of England, King of Scots, and King of Ireland from 30 January 1649 (de jure) or 29 May 1660 (de facto) until his death. ... Richard William Church (April 25, 1815 - December 6, 1890), English divine, son of John Dearman Church, brother of Sir Richard Church, a merchant, was born at Lisbon, his early years being mostly spent at Florence. ... The Battle of New Orleans 1815 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar). ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... 1888 (MDCCCLXXXVIII) is a leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... AmÃ¡lia Rodrigues AmÃ¡lia Rodrigues, pron. ... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 3 - Babe Ruth is traded by the Boston Red Sox to the New York Yankees for $125,000, the largest sum ever paid for a player at that time. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... Fado singer DÃ©bora Rodrigues performs in Lisbon Fado (translated as destiny or fate) is a music genre which most likely originated in the 1820s in Portugal, but probably with much earlier origins. ... MÃ¡rio Alberto Nobre Lopes Soares (pron. ... 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... A politician is an individual who is a formally recognized and active member of a government, or a person who influences the way a society is governed through an understanding of political power and group dynamics. ... Paula Figueiroa Rego, pron. ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Painting by Rembrandt self-portrait Detail from Las Meninas by Diego Velazquez, in which the painter portrayed himself at work For the computer graphics program, see Corel Painter. ... An illustrator is a graphic artist who specializes in enhancing written text by providing a visual representation that corresponds to the content of the associated text. ... Printmaking is a process for producing a work of art in ink; the work (called a print) is created indirectly, through the transfer of ink from the surface upon which the work was originally drawn or otherwise composed. ...

Greater Lisbon

see also Lisbon Metropolitan Area, Lisbon, Region and Greater Lisbon Lisbon Metropolitan Area (Portuguese: Ãrea Metropolitana de Lisboa, or AML) is a territorial zone that includes 18 municipalities. ... Lisboa is one of the 7 NUTS II regions of Portugal. ... Área Metropolitana de Lisboa (Lisbon Metropolitan Area, AML) is a territorial zone that includes 18 municipalities. ...

Like most big cities, Lisbon is surrounded by many satellite cities and towns which depend on Lisbon for their economic and social life. It is estimated that close to one million people enter Lisbon every day from the outskirts. Among the most interesting neighbouring towns are Cascais, Estoril and Sintra, including the westernmost point in Continental Europe, the Cabo da Roca cape, as well as beautiful palaces, landscapes and cultural life. Other major municipalities around Lisbon include Amadora, Oeiras, Odivelas, Loures, Vila Franca de Xira and, in the south bank of Tagus river estuary, Almada, Barreiro and Seixal. Satellite cities are smaller municipalities that are adjacent to a major city which is the core of a metropolitan area. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with satellite city. ... District or region Lisbon Mayor - Party AntÃ³nio Capucho PSD/CDS-PP Area 97. ... Estoril Beach Estoril is a civil parish of the Portuguese municipality of Cascais. ... District Lisbon Mayor - Party Fernando Seara PSD Area 316. ... Continental Europe, also referred to as mainland Europe or simply the Continent, is the continent of Europe, explicitly excluding European islands and peninsulae. ... The lighthouse on Cabo da Roca Cabo da Roca (Cape Roca) is a cape that forms the westernmost point of Portugal, and hence the westernmost point of the European mainland. ... Amadora is a city and municipality (Portuguese: concelho or município) in Portugal, in the northwest of the Lisbon metropolitan area. ... District Lisbon Mayor - Party Isaltino Morais Independant Area 45. ... CoA Odivelas (pron. ... Coat of Arms Loures is a municipality (concelho) to the north of Lisbon. ... Coat of Arms Vila Franca de Xira is a city of Lisbon district, and in the Ribatejo province, Portugal. ... View over Tejo River from São Jorge Castle in Lisbon (June 2002). ... Estuaries and coastal waters are among the most productive ecosystems on Earth, providing numerous ecological, economic, cultural, and aesthetic benefits and services. ... District or region SetÃºbal Mayor - Party EmÃlia Sousa CDU Area 70. ... Coat of Arms Barreiro is a municipality in Portugal with a total area of 32. ... Coat of Arms Seixal is a municipality in Portugal with a total area of 96. ...

External links

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Wikimedia Commons logo by Reid Beels The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ...

Governmental

Photography

Travel guides

Wikitravel is a project to create an open content, complete, up-to-date, and reliable world-wide travel guide. ... The Cathedral of our Lady (Onze-Lieve-Vrouwekathedraal, Antwerp) in the Handschoenmarkt, in the old quarter of Antwerp is the largest cathedral in the Low Countries and home to a number of triptychs by Belgian Baroque painter Rubens. ... The European Capital of Culture is a city designated by the European Union for a period of one year during which it is given a chance to showcase its cultural life and cultural development. ...

Capital cities of the European Union

Amsterdam onmouseover="pv(event, 464)" onmouseout="unpv(464)" style="">Amsterdam | Athens | Berlin | Bratislava | Brussels | Budapest | Copenhagen | Dublin | Helsinki | Lisbon | Ljubljana | London | Luxembourg City | Madrid | Nicosia | Paris | Prague | Riga | Rome | Stockholm | Tallinn | Valletta | Vienna | Vilnius | Warszawa The District of Lisbon (Portuguese: Lisboa) is located in the South Central Portugal, the District Capital is the city of Lisbon, also the national Capital. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Portugal. ... District or region Lisbon Mayor - Party Ãlvaro Pedro PS Area 304. ... Amadora is a city and municipality (Portuguese: concelho or município) in Portugal, in the northwest of the Lisbon metropolitan area. ... District or region Lisbon Mayor - Party Carlos LourenÃ§o PSD Area 78. ... District or region Lisbon Mayor - Party Joaquim Ramos PS Area 262. ... District or region Lisbon Mayor - Party Aristides SÃ©cio PSD Area 174. ... District or region Lisbon Mayor - Party AntÃ³nio Capucho PSD/CDS-PP Area 97. ... Coat of Arms Loures is a municipality (concelho) to the north of Lisbon. ... District or region Lisbon Mayor - Party JosÃ© CustÃ³dio PS Area 147. ... District Lisbon Mayor - Party JosÃ© Maria Ministro dos Santos PSD Area 291. ... CoA Odivelas (pron. ... District Lisbon Mayor - Party Isaltino Morais Independant Area 45. ... District Lisbon Mayor - Party Fernando Seara PSD Area 316. ... Coat of Arms Sobral de Monte AgraÃ§o is a municipality in Portugal with a total area of 52. ... Torres Vedras is a city (cidade) and municipality (concelho) in the district of Lisbon, Portugal, about 50 km north of Lisbon. ... Coat of Arms Vila Franca de Xira is a city of Lisbon district, and in the Ribatejo province, Portugal. ... Image File history File links European_flag. ... In politics, a capital (also called capital city or political capital â€” although the latter phrase has an alternative meaning based on an alternative meaning of capital) is the principal city or town associated with its government. ... Location Flag Country Netherlands Province North Holland Population 742,951(1 January 2005) Coordinates Website www. ... City flag. ... This article is about Germanys largest city. ... Bratislava is the capital of Slovakia and the countrys largest city, with a population of some 450,000. ... Map showing the location of Brussels in Belgium Brussels City Hall Emblem of the Brussels-Capital Region Flag of The City of Brussels Brussels (Dutch: Brussel, pronounced ; French: Bruxelles, pronounced in Belgian French and often by non-Belgian speakers of French; German: BrÃ¼ssel) is the capital of Belgium, the... Flag Seal Nickname: Paris of the East, Pearl of the Danubeor Queen of the Danube Location Location of Budapest in Hungary Government Country County Hungary / E.U. none Mayor GÃ¡bor Demszky (SZDSZ) Geographical characteristics Area City 525,16 kmÂ² Land n/a kmÂ² Water n/a kmÂ² Population... Copenhagen (IPA: , rhyming with pagan, or , with a as in spa; Danish IPA: ) is the capital of Denmark and the countrys largest city (metropolitan population 1,115,035 (2006), at present made up of 16 municipalities. ... WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: 53. ... Founded 1550 Province Southern Finland Region Uusimaa Sub-region Helsinki Area - Of which land - Rank 185. ... (IPA: ) is the capital and largest city in Slovenia. ... London is the capital city of England and of the United Kingdom, and is the most populous city in the European Union. ... The Old town, seen from the ground Luxembourg City, population 82,268 (2002), is the capital of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. ... Madrids emblem: el oso y el madroÃ±o Madrid is the capital and the largest city in Spain, as well as in the province and the autonomous community of the same name. ... Nicosia, Cyprus For the Italian town, see Nicosia, Sicily Nicosia, known locally as Lefkosia (Greek: Î›ÎµÏ…ÎºÏ‰ÏƒÎ¯Î± , also colloquially Khora, Î§ÏŽÏÎ± or Turkish: LefkoÅŸa ), is the capital and largest city of Cyprus. ... The Eiffel Tower, the international symbol of the city, as viewed from the TrocadÃ©ro This article is about the capital and largest city in France. ... Prague (Czech: Praha (IPA: ), see also other names) is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. ... Location Map of Latvia Coordinates , Government Founded 1201 Mayor Aivars Aksenoks Geographical characteristics Area City 307. ... City motto: Senatus Populusque Romanus â€“ SPQR (The Senate and the People of Rome) Founded 21 April 753 BC (mythical), early 1st millennium BC (archaeological) Region Latium Area - City Proper 1285 kmÂ² Population - City (2004) - Metropolitan - Density (city proper) 2,553,873 almost 4,300,000 1. ... Stockholm panorama from the City Hall is the capital of Sweden, located on the south east coast of Sweden. ... County Harju County Mayor JÃ¼ri Ratas Area 159. ... Valletta, population 7048 (official estimate for 2000), is the capital city of Malta - The city is located at , (35. ... Vienna (German: Wien ; Bosnian, Croatian, and Serbian: BeÄ, Czech: VÃdeÅˆ, Hungarian: BÃ©cs, Greek: Î’Î¹ÎÎ½Î½Î·, Romanian: Viena, Romani: Bech or Vidnya, Russian: Ð’ÐµÐ½Ð°, Slovak: ViedeÅˆ, Slovenian: Dunaj) is the capital of Austria, and also one of the nine States of Austria. ... Location Ethnographic region AukÅ¡taitija County Vilnius County Municipality Vilnius city municipality Elderate Number of elderates 20 Coordinates General information Capital of Lithuania Vilnius County Vilnius city municipality Vilnius district municipality Population (rank) 540,318 in 2005 (1st) First mentioned 1323 Granted city rights 1387 Vilnius ( (helpÂ· info), see also... Warszawa can refer to: Warsaw, capital city of Poland Warszawa, a song written by David Bowie and Brian Eno off the album Low. ...

Contents

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