United States citizens of African descent, African Americans, make up a demographic minority of a national population composed primarily of those of European-Caucasian ancestry. As this demographic has historically faced social and legalistic obstacles to cultural equality, including racial segregation, African Americans' initial achivements in various fields historically establish a foothold, providing a precedent for more widespread cultural change. The shorthand phrase for this is "breaking the color barrier". A world map showing the continent of Africa. ... African Americans, also known as Afro-Americans or black Americans, are an ethnic group in the United States of America whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Sub-Saharan and West Africa. ... A demographic or demographic profile is a term used in marketing and broadcasting, to describe a demographic grouping or a market segment. ... World map showing Europe A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is one of the six inhabited continents of the Earth. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Rex Theatre for Colored People, Leland, Mississippi, June 1937 Racial segregation is characterized by separation of people of different races in daily life when both are doing equal tasks, such as eating in a restaurant, drinking from a water fountain, using a rest room, attending school, going to the...

One commonly cited example is that of Jackie Robinson, who in becoming the first African American Major League Baseball player of the modern era, after years of resistence by White American team-owners and the existence of the segregated Negro Leagues, helped provide the rationale to employ subsequent African Americans. Jack Roosevelt Jackie Robinson (January 31, 1919 - October 24, 1972) became the first African American Major League Baseball player of the modern era in 1947. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The term White American refers primarily to Americans of European descent residing in the United States. ... Part of the History of baseball series. ...

18th century

• 1761

First known African American author: Jupiter Hammon (poem "An Evening Thought: Salvation by Christ with Penitential Cries", published as a broadside)

• 1773

First known African American to publish a book: Phillis Wheatley (Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral)

• 1793

First African American church: Mother Bethel A.M.E. Church

Hammons Address to the Negroes of New York State, 1806 Jupiter Hammon (born October 17, 1711 – died 1806?) was a Black poet and the first published Black writer in America. ... USS Iowa Broadside (1984) A broadside is the side of a ship; the battery of cannon on one side of a warship; or their simultaneous (or near simultaneous) fire in naval warfare. ... A statue of Phillis Wheatley in Boston Phillis Wheatley Phillis Wheatley (1753 – December 5, 1784), was the first African American female writer to be published in the United States. ... Richard Allen formed Bethel Church in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1793 and the African Methodist Episcopal Church was established as a denomination in 1816. ...

19th century

• 1821

First African American to hold a patent: Thomas L. Jennings^[1]

• 1823

First African American to receive a degree from an American college: Alexander Twilight

• 1827

First African American owned and operated newspaper: Freedom's Journal

• 1837

First professionally trained African American doctor: James McCune Smith

• 1845

First African American licensed to practice law in the United States: Macon B. Allen (Massachusetts bar)^[2]

• 1853

First novel written by an African American: Clotel; or, The President's Daughter, by William Wells Brown^[3].

• 1855

First African American elected to public office: John Mercer Langston (Town Clerk, Brownhelm Township, Ohio)

• 1865

First African American field officer in the U.S. Army: Martin Delany

• 1868

First elected African American lieutenant governor: Oscar Dunn (Louisiana)

• 1870

First African American to vote in an election under the 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution, granting voting rights regardless of race: Thomas Mundy Peterson

First African American elected to U.S. Congress: Senator Hiram Rhodes Revels (Republican, Mississippi)^[4]

First African American elected to U.S. House of Representatives: Joseph Rainey (Republican, South Carolina)^[5]

• 1872

First African American governor (non-elected): P.B.S. Pinchback of Louisiana

• 1876

First African American to earn a doctorate degree: Edward Alexander Bouchet (Yale College Ph.D., physics; also first African American to graduate from Yale, 1874)^[1]

• 1877

First African American graduate of West Point and first African American commissioned officer in the U.S. military: Henry Ossian Flipper

• 1884

First African American to play professional baseball at the major league level: Moses Fleetwood Walker. (See also: Jackie Robinson, 1947)

• 1885

First African American woman to hold a patent: Sarah E. Goode^[6]

• 1886

First African American Roman Catholic priest: Augustus Tolton^{[citation needed]}

• 1891

First African American police officer in present-day New York City: Wiley Overton, hired by the Brooklyn Police Department seven years before the 1898 incorpation of the five boroughs into the city of New York.^[7] (See also: Samuel J. Battle, 1911)

A patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a state to a patentee (the inventor or assignee) for a fixed period of time in exchange for the regulated, public disclosure of certain details of a device, method, process or composition of matter (substance) (known as an invention) which... Alexander Lucius Twilight was born September 26, 1795 in Corinth, Vermont to a free black family. ... Freedoms Journal was the first African-American owned and operated newspaper published in the United States. ... James McCune Smith (1813 - November 17, 1865), born to an enslaved mother in New York, was the first professionally trained African-American doctor. ... A bar association is a professional body of lawyers who, in some jurisdictions, are responsible for the regulation of the legal profession. ... Clotel; or, The Presidents Daughter is a novel by William Wells Brown (1815-84), a fugitive from slavery and abolitionist and was published in London, England in December 1853. ... William Wells Brown (November 6, 1814 – November 6, 1884) was a prominent abolitionist lecturer, novelist, playwright, and historian. ... John Mercer Langston John Mercer Langston (December 14, 1829–November 15, 1897) was born in Louisa County, Virginia. ... The term town clerk has been commonly applied, in several English-speaking countries, to an influential employee of a city or borough or town administration. ... The Army is the branch of the United States armed forces which has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ... Martin Delany Martin Robinson Delany (May 6, 1812 - January 24, 1885) was an African-American abolitionist, arguably the first proponent of American black nationalism and the first African American field officer in the United States Army. ... A Lieutenant Governor is a government official who is the subordinate or deputy of a Governor or Governor-General. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... (Redirected from 15th Amendment) The Fifteenth Amendment may refer to the Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution - guarantees the right to vote regardless of race. ... The United States Constitution is the supreme law of the United States of America. ... On March 31, 1870, Thomas Mundy Peterson (1824 - 1904) of Perth Amboy, New Jersey became the first African-American to vote in an election under the just enacted provisions of the 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution. ... The Congress of the United States is the legislative branch of the federal government of the United States of America. ... The United States Senate is the upper house of the U.S. Congress, smaller than the United States House of Representatives. ... Hiram Rhodes Revels (September 27, 1827 – January 16, 1901) was a veteran of the American Civil War and the first African American to serve in the U.S. Senate. ... GOP redirects here. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... The House of Representatives is the larger of two houses that make up the U.S. Congress, the other being the United States Senate. ... Joseph Rainey was the first black member of the US House of Representatives Joseph Hayne Rainey (June 21, 1832 – August 1, 1887) was the first African American person to serve in the United States House of Representatives and the second black U.S. Congressman (Hiram Revels being the first). ... Official language(s) English Capital Charleston(1670-1789) Columbia(1790-present) Largest city Columbia Largest metro area Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson Area  Ranked 40th  - Total 34,726 sq mi (82,965 km²)  - Width 200 miles (320 km)  - Length 260 miles (420 km)  - % water 6  - Latitude 32°430N to 35... Pinckney Benton Stewart Pinchback (May 10, 1837 - December 21, 1921) was the first African-American to become governor of a U.S. State. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... A doctorate is an academic degree of the highest level. ... Edward Bouchet Edward Alexander Bouchet (September 15, 1852 – October 28, 1918) was an African American physicist who is most notable for having been the first African American to earn a Ph. ... For other uses, see Yale (disambiguation). ... Doctor of Philosophy (Ph. ... Physics (from the Greek, (phúsis), nature and (phusiké), knowledge of nature) is the science concerned with the discovery and understanding of the fundamental laws which govern matter, energy, space and time. ... The United States Military Academy, also known as West Point, or simply USMA (or Army, for NCAA purposes), is a United States Army fort and military academy. ... The military of the United States, officially known as the United States Armed Forces, is structured into five branches consisting of the: United States Army United States Marine Corps United States Navy United States Air Force United States Coast Guard (recently converted to reporting to the Department of Homeland Security... Henry Ossian Flipper Henry Ossian Flipper (March 21, 1856-May 3, 1940) was the first African-American cadet to graduate from West Point, on June 15, 1877. ... The sport of baseball has several professional leagues throughout the world; that is, leagues where the players are paid to play. ... Moses Fleetwood Walker Moses Fleetwood Fleet Walker (October 7, 1857 in Mount Pleasant, Ohio - May 11, 1924 in Cleveland, Ohio) was a baseball player and author who is credited with being the first African-American to play professional baseball at the major league level. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... A police officer is a person who works for a police force. ... Nickname: Big Apple; City that never Sleeps; Gotham Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs Bronx (The Bronx) New York (Manhattan) Queens (Queens) Kings (Brooklyn) Richmond (Staten Island) Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area    - City 1,214. ... Brooklyn (named for the Dutch city Breukelen) is one of the five boroughs of New York City. ...

20th century

• 1903

First Broadway musical written by African Americans, and the first to star African Americans: In Dahomey

• 1906

First intercollegiate service fraternity established by African Americans: Alpha Phi Alpha (ΑΦΑ)

• 1908

First African American heavyweight boxing champion: Jack Johnson

First African American Olympic gold medal winner: John Taylor (track and field medley relay team). SEE ALSO: William DeHart Hubbard, 1924

• 1911

First African American police officer in New York City: Samuel J. Battle, following the 1898 incorpation of the five boroughs into the city of New York, and the hiring of three African American officers in the Brooklyn Police Department. Battle was also the NYPD's first African American sergeant (1926), lieutenant (1935), and parole commissioner (1941).^[7] SEE ALSO: Wiley Overton, 1891

• 1920

First African American NFL football players: Fritz Pollard (Akron Pros), and Bobby Marshall (Minneapolis Marines)

• 1921

First African American woman to become a pilot, first American woman to hold an international pilot license: Bessie Coleman

First African American NFL football coach: Fritz Pollard, co-head coach, Akron Pros, while continuing to play running back

• 1924

First African American to win individual Olympic gold medal: William DeHart Hubbard (Long jump, 1924 Summer Olympics, Paris). SEE ALSO: John Taylor, 1908

• 1925

First African American Foreign Service Officer: Clifton R. Wharton, Sr.^[8]

• 1926

First African American woman to receive a degree (Ph.D.) from Yale University: Otelia Cromwell, who had previously been the first African American graduate of Smith College.

• 1928

First post-Reconstruction African American elected to U.S. House of Representatives: Oscar Stanton De Priest (Republican; Illinois)

• 1932

First African American on a presidential ticket in the 20th century: James W. Ford (Communist Party USA, vice-presidential candidate running with William Z. Foster)

• 1934

First African American elected to the U.S. House of Representatives as a Democrat: Arthur W. Mitchell (Illinois)

• 1935

First known interracial jazz group: Benny Goodman Trio (Benny Goodman, Teddy Wilson, Gene Krupa)^[9]

• 1936

First African American to conduct a major U.S. orchestra: William Grant Still (Los Angeles Philharmonic)

• 1937

First African American federal magistrate: William Henry Hastie (later the first African American governor of the United States Virgin Islands)

• 1940

First African American to win Academy Award: Hattie McDaniel (Best Supporting Actress, Gone with the Wind, 1939)

First African American to be portrayed on a U.S. postage stamp: Booker T. Washington

First African American U.S. Army general: Benjamin O. Davis, Sr.

• 1944

First African American commissioned officers in the U.S. Navy: The "Golden Thirteen"

• 1945

First African American member of the New York City Opera: Todd Duncan

• 1947

First African American Major League Baseball player of the modern era: Jackie Robinson (Brooklyn Dodgers). SEE ALSO: Moses Fleetwood Walker, 1884.

• 1948

First African American male to receive an Academy Award: James Baskett (Honorary Academy Award for his portrayal of "Uncle Remus" in Song of the South, 1946)

First African American U.S. Navy aviator: Jesse L. Brown

First African American composer to have an opera performed by a major U.S. company: William Grant Still (Troubled Island, New York City Opera)

• 1949

First African American graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy: Wesley Brown^[10]

• 1950

First African American to win Pulitzer Prize: Gwendolyn Brooks (Book of poetry, Annie Allen, 1949)

First African American to win Nobel Peace Prize: Ralph Bunche

First African American NBA basketball players: Earl Lloyd (Washington Capitols), Chuck Cooper (Boston Celtics), and Nat "Sweetwater" Clifton (New York Knicks)^[11]

First African American star of a network television show: Ethel Waters, Beulah

• 1953

First African American basketball player to play in the NBA All-Star Game: Don Barksdale

• 1954

First African American U.S. Navy Master Diver: Carl Brashear

First African American woman elected to a United States state senate: Cora Brown (Michigan)

• 1955

First African American member of the Metropolitan Opera: Marian Anderson

First African American male dancer in a major ballet company: Arthur Mitchell (New York City Ballet; also first African American principal dancer, 1956)

• 1956

First African American male star of a network television show: Nat King Cole, The Nat King Cole Show

First African American Wimbledon tennis champion: Althea Gibson (doubles, with Englishwoman Angela Buxton); also first African American to win a Grand Slam event (French Open).

• 1958

First African American NHL hockey player: Willie O'Ree (Boston Bruins)

First African American flight attendant: Ruth Carol Taylor (Mohawk Airlines)

• 1962

First African American coach in Major League Baseball: John Jordan "Buck" O'Neil (Chicago Cubs)

• 1964

First movie with African American interracial marriage: One Potato, Two Potato,^[12] actors Bernie Hamilton and Barbara Barrie, written by Orville H. Hampton, Raphael Hayes, directed by Larry Peerce

First African American male to win the Academy Award for Best Actor: Sidney Poitier (Lilies of the Field, 1963) SEE ALSO: James Baskett 1948

• 1965

First African American title character of a comic book series: Lobo (Dell Comics).^[13] SEE ALSO: The Falcon, 1969, and Luke Cage, 1972

First African American star of a network television drama: Bill Cosby, I Spy (co-star with Robert Culp)

First African American Playboy Playmate centerfold: Jennifer Jackson (March issue)

First African American U.S. Air Force general: Benjamin Oliver Davis, Jr. (three-star lieutenant general)

• 1966

First African American model on the cover of Vogue magazine: Donyale Luna

First post-Reconstruction African American elected to U.S. Senate: Edward Brooke (Republican; Massachusetts)

First African American Cabinet secretary: Robert C. Weaver (Department of Housing and Urban Development)

• 1967

First African American mayor of a U.S. city: Robert C. Henry, (Springfield, Ohio)

First African American mayor of a large U.S. city: Carl B. Stokes (Cleveland, Ohio)

First African American appointed to the Supreme Court of the United States: Thurgood Marshall

• 1968

First interracial kiss on U.S. television: Star Trek: "Plato's Stepchildren", actors William Shatner and Nichelle Nichols, written by Meyer Dolinsky, directed by David Alexander.

• 1969

First African American superhero: The Falcon, Marvel Comics' Captain America #117 (Sept. 1969).^[13] SEE ALSO: Lobo, 1965 and Luke Cage, 1972

First African American mayor of a California city: Douglas Dollarhide (Compton, California)

First African American graduate of Harvard Business School: Lillian Lincoln

First African American woman elected to U.S. House of Representatives: Shirley Chisholm (Democrat; New York)

First African American director of a major Hollywood motion picture: Gordon Parks (The Learning Tree)

• 1971

First African American U.S. Senate staffer: Tom Moss

First African American U.S. Navy admiral: Samuel Gravely

• 1972

First African American superhero to star in own comic-book series: Luke Cage, Marvel Comics' Luke Cage, Hero for Hire #1 (June 1972).^[13] SEE ALSO: Lobo, 1965, and The Falcon, 1969

First interracial kiss in a mainstream comics magazine: "The Men Who Called Him Monster", by writer Don McGregor and artist Luis Garcia, in Warren Publishing's black-and-white horror-comics magazine Creepy #43 (Jan. 1972)

• 1975

First interracial kiss in a color comic book: Amazing Adventures #31 (July 1975), feature "Killraven: Warrior of the Worlds", characters M'Shulla Scott and Carmilla Frost, by writer Don McGregor (see immediately above) and artist P. Craig Russell

First African American model on the cover of ELLE magazine: Beverly Johnson^[14]

First African American four star general: Daniel "Chappie" James, Jr.

First TV-series cast with African American interracial couple: The Jeffersons, actors Franklin Cover and Roxie Roker as Tom & Helen Willis; series creator: Norman Lear

• 1976

First African American woman Broadway director: Vinnette Justine Carroll (Your Arms Too Short to Box with God)

• 1977

First African American, and first woman, appointed director of the Peace Corps: Carolyn R. Payton

• 1983

First African American astronaut: Guion Stewart "Guy" Bluford, Jr.

First African American Mayor of Chicago Harold Washington

• 1984

First African American Miss America: Vanessa Williams

• 1988

First African American woman elected to a U.S. judgeship, and first appointed to a state supreme court: Juanita Kidd Stout

• 1989

First African American mayor of New York City: David Dinkins

First African American Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff: Colin Powell

• 1990

First African American Playboy Playmate of the Year: Renee Tenison

First elected African American governor: Douglas Wilder (Democrat; Virginia)

• 1991

First African American woman mayor of a large U.S. city: Sharon Pratt Kelly ( Washington, D.C.)

• 1992

First African American woman astronaut: Dr. Mae Jemison M.D. (Space Shuttle Endeavour)

First African American woman elected to U.S. Senate: Carol Mosely Braun (Democrat; Illinois)

• 1993

First African American woman to win the Nobel Prize for literature: Toni Morrison

First African American woman named Poet Laureate of the United States: Rita Dove; also the youngest person named to that position

• 1994

First African American woman director of a major-studio movie: Darnell Martin (Columbia Pictures' I Like It Like That)

• 1996

First African American U.S. Navy four-star admiral: J. Paul Reason^[15]

In Dahomey is first Broadway musical by black people - Williams & Walker, and starring black people. ... Alpha Phi Alpha (ΑΦΑ) is the first intercollegiate fraternity established by African Americans. ... Heavyweight is a division, or weight class, in boxing. ... Professional boxing bout featuring Ricardo Domínguez (left) versus Rafael Ortíz Boxing, also called Western Boxing, pugilism, prizefighting (when referring to professional boxing) or the sweet science (a common nickname among fans), is a sport and martial art in which two participants of similar weight fight each other with... John Arthur Johnson (March 31, 1878 – June 10, 1946), better known as Jack Johnson and nicknamed the Galveston Giant, was an American boxer and arguably the best heavyweight of his generation. ... Gold Medal is an album by American band The Donnas, released in 2004. ... For other people of the same name, see John Taylor. ... A womens 400 metre hurdles race on a typical outdoor red rubber track. ... A police officer is a person who works for a police force. ... Nickname: Big Apple; City that never Sleeps; Gotham Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs Bronx (The Bronx) New York (Manhattan) Queens (Queens) Kings (Brooklyn) Richmond (Staten Island) Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area    - City 1,214. ... Samuel Jesse Battle (b. ... The New York City Police Department (NYPD) , the largest police department in the United States, has primary responsibility for law enforcement and investigation within the five boroughs of New York City. ... Sergeant is a rank used in some form by most militaries, police forces, and other uniformed organisations around the world. ... Lieutenant is a military, paramilitary, fire service or police officer rank. ... Parole can have different meanings depending on the context. ... Commissioner is a designation that may be used for a variety of official positions, especially referring to a high-ranking public (administrative or police) official, or an analogous official in the private sector (e. ... NFL logo For other uses of the abbreviation NFL, see NFL (disambiguation). ... The term footballer is ambiguous, as there are several games known as football. ... Frederick Douglass Fritz Pollard (January 27, 1894 – May 11, 1986) was the first African American head coach in the National Football League (NFL). ... The Akron Pros was a team in that played in Akron, Ohio in the National Football League from 1920-1925 and as the Akron Indians in 1926. ... Bobby Marshall was an American sports player. ... Minneapoliss NFL effort, prior to the Vikings, the Marines played from 1921-1924. ... An aviator is a person who flies aircraft for pleasure or as a profession. ... Bessie Queen Bess Coleman (January 26, 1892 – April 30, 1926), was the first African American woman to become an airplane pilot, and the first American woman to hold an international pilots licence. ... NFL logo For other uses of the abbreviation NFL, see NFL (disambiguation). ... Look up Football in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Coaches coach teams in professional sports as well as college sports. ... High school running back A running back, halfback or tailback is the position of a player on an American and Canadian football team who lines up in the offensive backfield. ... Olympic Games Summer Olympic Games Medal count Winter Olympic Games Medal count Olympic sports Medal counts Participating NOCs Olympic symbols Olympics WikiProject Olympics Portal Athens 2004 • Beijing 2008 Torino 2006 • Vancouver 2010 ... William DeHart Hubbard (born in Cincinnati, Ohio on November 25, 1903) was a track and field athlete who was the first African-American to win an individual Olympic gold medal at the 1924 Paris Summer games. ... Long jumper at the GE Money Grand Prix in Helsinki, July 2005. ... The Games of the VIII Olympiad were held in 1924 in Paris, France. ... The Eiffel Tower has become the symbol of Paris throughout the world. ... Foreign Service Officers or FSOs help formulate and implement the foreign policy of the United States. ... Doctor of Philosophy (Ph. ... Yale redirects here. ... Otelia Cromwell is the first known African-American graduate of Smith College. ... Smith College, located in Northampton, Massachusetts, is the largest womens college in the United States. ... // Reconstruction was a period in United States history, 1862–1877, that resolved the issues of the American Civil War when both the Confederacy and its system of slavery were destroyed. ... The House of Representatives is the larger of two houses that make up the U.S. Congress, the other being the United States Senate. ... Oscar Stanton De Priest (born 1871 in Florence, Alabama - 1951) was a lawmaker and civil rights advocate. ... Look up republican in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Official language(s) English Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Area  Ranked 25th  - Total 57,918 sq mi (149,998 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 390 miles (629 km)  - % water 4. ... James W. Ford (1893 - 1957) was an American Communist. ... The Communist Party of the United States of America (CPUSA) is a Marxist-Leninist political party in the United States. ... William Edward Foster (February 25, 1881 - September 1, 1961), who renamed himself as William Z. Foster, was the long-time General Secretary of the Communist Party USA and trade union leader. ... In political science, a demoncrat is an advocate, follower, or proponent of democracy. ... Arthur Wergs Mitchell (December 22, 1883 - May 9, 1968) was a politician from the state of Illinois. ... February 22, 1964: Benny Goodman at the Tokyo Okura Hotel, at the start of a Japan tour Benny Goodman, born BenÅ‘ Guttman, (May 30, 1909 – June 13, 1986) was an American jazz musician of Jewish-Hungarian descent, known as King of Swing, Patriarch of the Clarinet, The Professor, and Swing... Theodore Shaw Teddy Wilson (born November 24, 1912 in Austin, Texas-died July 31, 1986 in New Britain, Connecticut) was a United States jazz pianist. ... Gene Krupa Gene Krupa (January 15, 1909 – October 16, 1973) was a famous and influential American jazz and big band drummer, known for his highly energetic and flamboyant style. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... William Grant Still William Grant Still (May 11, 1895 - December 3, 1978) was a ground-breaking African-American classical composer who wrote more than 150 compositions. ... The Los Angeles Philharmonic is an orchestra based in Los Angeles, California, USA. From 1964 to 2003, the orchestra played its concerts in the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion of the Los Angeles Music Center. ... Categories: Possible copyright violations ... Although he never won an Oscar for any of his movie performances, the comedian Bob Hope received two honorary Oscars for his contributions to cinema. ... Hattie McDaniel (June 10, 1895 – October 26, 1952) was the first African American to be nominated and to win an Oscar for her supporting role of Mammy in the 1939 epic movie Gone with the Wind. ... Best Supporting Actor or Best Supporting Actress is an accolade given by a group of film or theatre professionals in recognition of the work of supporting and character actors. ... Gone with the Wind is a 1939 film adapted from Margaret Mitchells 1936 novel of the same name. ... A selection of Hong Kong postage stamps A postage stamp is evidence of pre-paying a fee for postal services. ... Booker T. Washington Booker Taliaferro Washington (April 5, 1856 – November 14, 1915) was an American political leader, educator and author. ... The United States Army is the largest branch of the United States armed forces and has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ... Brig. ... In the military, a commissioned officer is a member of the service who derives authority directly from a sovereign power, and as such holds a commission from that power. ... The United States Navy (USN) is the branch of the United States armed forces responsible for naval operations. ... The Golden Thirteen, photographed on 17 March 1944. ... The New York City Opera (NYCO) is New York Citys second opera company (after the Metropolitan Opera). ... Robert Todd Duncan (1903-1998) was an American baritone. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Part of the History of baseball series. ... Jack Roosevelt Jackie Robinson (January 31, 1919 - October 24, 1972) became the first African American Major League Baseball player of the modern era in 1947. ... The Brooklyn Dodgers were a Major League Baseball team that played from 1890-1957. ... James Baskett (February 16, 1904 - September 9, 1948) was an African American actor best known for his portrayal of Uncle Remus in the 1946 Disney feature film, Song of the South. ... The Academy Honorary Award is given irregularly by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to celebrate motion picture achievements that are not covered by existing Academy Awards. ... Song of the South is a feature film produced by Walt Disney Productions, released on November 12, 1946 by RKO Radio Pictures and based on the Uncle Remus cycle of stories by Joel Chandler Harris. ... Jesse LeRoy Brown (13 October 1926 – 4 December 1950) was the first African-American naval aviator in the United States Navy. ... The Teatro alla Scala in Milan. ... William Grant Still William Grant Still (May 11, 1895 - December 3, 1978) was a ground-breaking African-American classical composer who wrote more than 150 compositions. ... The New York City Opera (NYCO) is New York Citys second opera company (after the Metropolitan Opera). ... The United States Naval Academy (USNA) is an institution for the undergraduate education of officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps and is located in Annapolis, Maryland and Washington D.C. The Academy is often referred to simply as Annapolis although naval officers normally refer to it in... The gold medal awarded for Public Service in Journalism The Pulitzer Prize is an American award regarded as the highest honor in print journalism, literary achievements, and musical compositions. ... Gwendolyn Brooks Gwendolyn Brooks (June 7, 1917 – December 3, 2000) was an award-winning African American woman poet. ... Lester B. Pearson after accepting the Nobel Peace Prize The Nobel Peace Prize is the name of one of five Nobel Prizes bequested by the Swedish industrialist and inventor Alfred Nobel. ... Ralph Bunche, photographed by Carl Van Vechten, 1951 Ralph Johnson Bunche (August 7, 1904 – December 9, 1971) was an American political scientist and diplomat who received the 1950 Nobel Peace Prize for his mediation in Palestine in the late 1940s that led to an armistice agreement between the Jews and... The National Basketball Association of the United States and Canada, commonly known as the NBA, is the premier professional basketball league in North America. ... Evolution of the rules of basketball 1895 The free throw line was officially placed 15. ... Earl Lloyd (born April 3, 1928) was the first African-American to play in the NBA, in the 1950 season. ... The Washington Capitols were a National Basketball Association team based in Washington, D.C. Founded: 1946 Folded: 1951 Formerly known as: Home Arena: Uniform colors: Logo design: NBA Championships: // Franchise history Players of note Basketball Hall of Famers: Not to be forgotten: Coaches and others Categories: | ... Charles H. Cooper (September 29, 1926_February 5, 1984), better known as Chuck Cooper, was one of three players with legitimate claims to be the first African American basketball player in the NBA. Each was the first to satisfy a different condition of being first: Cooper was the first black player... The Boston Celtics are a professional basketball team based in Boston, Massachusetts. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The New York Knicks, short for knickerbockers, are a professional basketball team based in New York City. ... A television network is a distribution network for television content whereby a central operation provides programming for many television stations. ... A television program is the content of television broadcasting. ... Ethel Waters, photographed by Carl Van Vechten, 1938 Ethel Waters (October 31, 1896 – September 1, 1977) was an African American blues vocalist who frequently performed jazz, big band, gospel, and popular music, on Broadway and off. ... Beulah magazine ad For other uses, see Beulah. ... Sara Giauro shoots a three-point shot, FIBA Europe Cup for Women Finals 2005. ... The NBA staged its first All-Star Game in the Boston Garden on March 2, 1951. ... Donald Angelo Don Barksdale (b. ... Carl Maxie Brashear (January 19, 1931 – July 25, 2006) was the first African American to become a U.S. Navy Master Diver in the early 1950s. ... State legislatures are the lawmaking bodies of the 50 states in the United States of America. ... Cora Mea Brown (born April 19, 1914, Bessemer, Alabama) was the first African-American woman elected to a United States state senate, winning a seat in the Michigan State Senate in 1954. ... Official language(s) None (English, de-facto) Capital Lansing Largest city Detroit Area  Ranked 11th  - Total 97,990 sq mi (253,793 km²)  - Width 239 miles (385 km)  - Length 491 miles (790 km)  - % water 41. ... The Metropolitan Opera House at Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, seen from Lincoln Center Plaza A full house at the old Metropolitan Opera House, seen from the rear of the stage, at the Metropolitan Opera House for a concert by pianist Józef Hofmann, November 28, 1937. ... Marian Anderson, photographed by Carl Van Vechten, 1940 Marian Anderson (February 27, 1897 – April 8, 1993) was an African-American contralto (same range as alto), best remembered for her performance on Easter Sunday, 1939 on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. The concert, which commenced with... Act 4 of Swan Lake: choreography by Petipa and Nureyev, music by Tchaikovsky. ... Arthur Mitchell (March 27, 1934 - ) is an African-American dancer and choreographer. ... Logo of the New York City Ballet The New York City Ballet is a ballet company founded in 1948 by choreographer George Balanchine and Lincoln Kirstein originally known as the American Ballet. ... A television network is a distribution network for television content whereby a central operation provides programming for many television stations. ... A television program is the content of television broadcasting. ... Nathaniel Adams Coles, known professionally as Nat King Cole (March 17, 1919 – February 15, 1965) was a popular American singer, songwriter, and jazz pianist. ... Wimbledon may refer to: Wimbledon, London, a town in south-west London A constituency based around it, Wimbledon (UK Parliament constituency) Wimbledon station, a train station The Championships, Wimbledon, one of the four Grand Slam tennis tournaments Wimbledon (film), a movie based on the tennis championships Wimbledon F.C., a... A tennis net Tennis is a game played between either two players (singles) or two teams of two players (doubles). Players use a stringed racquet to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over a net into the opponents court. ... ... Angela Buxton (born August 16, 1934, Liverpool, England) is an English tennis player. ... Grand Slam is a general sports term applied when achieving something special. ... The French Open, officially the Tournoi de Roland-Garros (English: Roland Garros Tournament), is a tennis event held over two weeks between mid May and early June in Paris, France, and is the second of the Grand Slam tournaments on the annual tennis calendar. ... NHL can also be an abbreviation for National Historic Landmark or Non-Hodgkins lymphoma. ... Hockey is any of a family of sports in which two teams compete by trying to maneuver a ball, or a hard, round disc called a puck, into the opponents net or goal, using a hockey stick. ... Willie ORee (born October 15, 1935, in Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada) is a retired professional ice hockey player, known best as the first black player in the National Hockey League. ... The Boston Bruins are a professional ice hockey team based in Boston, Massachusetts. ... Flight attendant in an Embraer ERJ 145 LR (PBair, Thailand) Stewardess, circa 1949-50, American Overseas, Flagship Denmark, Boeing Stratocruiser Flight attendants, formerly known as sky girls, air hostesses, stewardesses and stewards, are airline staff employed as attendants primarily for the safety of the passengers. ... Mohawk Airlines was an airline that operated in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, primarily the states of New York and Pennsylvania from the mid-1940s until its acquisition by Allegheny Airlines in 1972. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Buck ONeil during a baseball game John Jordan Buck ONeil (November 13, 1911 – October 6, 2006) was an American first baseman and manager in Negro league baseball, most notably in the Negro American League with the Kansas City Monarchs. ... Major league affiliations National League (1876–present) Central Division (1994–present) Current uniform Name Chicago Cubs (1902–present) Chicago Orphans (1898-1901) Chicago Colts (1890-1897) Chicago White Stockings (1870-1889) (a. ... Bernie Hamilton (born June 12, 1928, Los Angeles) is a black American actor. ... Barbara Barrie (born Barbara Ann Berman on May 23, 1931 to a Jewish family in Chicago, but raised in Texas) is an American actress and author of childrens books. ... The Academy Award for Best Actor is one of the awards given to people working in the motion picture industry by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences; nominations are made by Academy members who are actors and actresses. ... Sidney Poitier (left) on the 1963 Civil Rights March on Washington, D.C., with Harry Belafonte and Charlton Heston Sidney Poitier KBE (pronounced PWA-tee-AY) (born February 20, 1927), is a Bahamian American Academy Award-winning actor (film and stage), film director, and activist. ... Lilies of the Field is a 1962 book by William E. Barrett, which was made into a 1963 film. ... A comic book is a magazine or book containing the art form of comics. ... Lobo #1 (Dec. ... Dell Comics was the comic book publishing arm of Dell Publications, which got its start in pulp magazines. ... A television network is a distribution network for television content whereby a central operation provides programming for many television stations. ... William Henry Bill Cosby, Jr. ... The I-SPY books were spotters guides written for British children, and particularly successful in the 1950s and 60s. ... Robert Culp Robert Culp (born August 16, 1930 in Oakland, California), and a 1947 graduate of Berkeley High School, is an American actor, best known for his work on television. ... Playboy is an American adult entertainment magazine, founded in 1953 by Hugh Hefner and his associates, which has grown into Playboy Enterprises, Inc. ... Playmates Brooke Berry, Shannon Stewart, Neferteri Shepherd, and Kristi Cline A Playmate is a female model featured in Playboy magazine. ... Standard Lenna image famously used in many image processing experiments, taken from the (non-revealing) top third of a November 1972 Playboy centerfold. ... Playboy centerfold appearance March 1965 Birthplace Chicago, Illinois Birthdate Measurements 36 - 23 - 36 Height 5 ft 8 in Weight 130 Preceded by Jessica St. ... Seal of the Air Force. ... Benjamin Oliver Davis, Jr. ... For other meanings, see vogue. ... Donyale Luna (1 January 1945 - 17 May 1979) was the first notable African American fashion model and the first black cover girl. ... // Reconstruction was a period in United States history, 1862–1877, that resolved the issues of the American Civil War when both the Confederacy and its system of slavery were destroyed. ... The United States Senate is the upper house of the U.S. Congress, smaller than the United States House of Representatives. ... Edward William Brooke III (born October 26, 1919) is an American politician and was the first African American to be elected by popular vote to the United States Senate when he was elected as a Republican from Massachusetts in 1966, defeating his Democratic opponent, Endicott Peabody 58%-42%. Born in... Look up republican in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Official language(s) English Capital Boston Largest city Boston Area  Ranked 44th  - Total 10,555 sq mi (27,360 km²)  - Width 183 miles (295 km)  - Length 113 miles (182 km)  - % water 13. ... Cabinet meeting on May 16, 2001. ... Robert Clifton Weaver (December 29, 1907 – July 17, 1997) served as the first United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (also known as HUD) from 1966 to 1968. ... The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, often abbreviated HUD, is a Cabinet department of the United States government. ... ... Springfield is the county seat of Clark County in the State of Ohio. ... Carl Burton Stokes (June 21, 1927–April 3, 1996) was an American politician of the Democratic party who served as the 51st mayor of Cleveland, Ohio. ... Nickname: The Forest City Motto: Progress and Prosperity Location in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, USA Coordinates: Country United States State Ohio County Cuyahoga Founded 1796 Incorporated 1836 Mayor Frank G. Jackson (D) Area    - City 82. ... The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States and is the only part of the judicial branch of the United States federal government explicitly specified in the United States Constitution. ... Thurgood Marshall (July 2, 1908 – January 24, 1993) was an American jurist and the first African American to serve on the Supreme Court of the United States. ... The starship Enterprise as it appeared on Star Trek Star Trek is a culturally significant science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry in the 1960s. ... Kirk and his officers are forced to perform as fools, in Platos Stepchildren. ... William Bill Shatner (born March 22, 1931) is an Emmy-winning and Golden Globe-winning Canadian actor, who gained fame for his starring role as Captain James T. Kirk of the USS Enterprise in the television show Star Trek from 1966 to 1969 and in seven of the subsequent movies. ... Nichelle Nichols Nichelle Nichols (born December 28, 1932 in Robbins, Illinois) is an American singer and actor. ... Meyer Dolinsky (1923-10-13 – 1984-02-29, aka Mike Dolinsky, aka Michael Adams), American writer, actor and stunt coordinator. ... Batman and Superman, two of the most recognizable and iconic superheroes. ... The Falcon (Sam Snap Wilson) is a fictional character, a Marvel Comics superhero created in 1969 who frequently teamed up with Captain America and later joined the Avengers. ... Marvel Comics is an American comic book line published by Marvel Entertainment, Inc. ... Captain America, the alter ego of Steve Rogers (in some accounts Steven Rogers), is a fictional superhero in the Marvel Comics Universe. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ... Douglas Dollarhide (c1923—) was the first African-American mayor in California. ... Nickname: The Hub City, CPT Location in the state of California County Los Angeles County Mayor Eric Perrodin Area    - City 26. ... HBS, as seen from across the Charles River. ... Lillian Lincoln is an African-American businesswoman. ... The House of Representatives is the larger of two houses that make up the U.S. Congress, the other being the United States Senate. ... Shirley Chisholm in 1972 Shirley Anita St. ... In political science, a demoncrat is an advocate, follower, or proponent of democracy. ... Official language(s) English de facto Capital Albany Largest city New York City Area  Ranked 27th  - Total 54,520 sq mi (141,205 km²)  - Width {{{WidthUS}}} miles (455 km)  - Length 330 miles (530 km)  - % water 13. ... ... Gordon Parks at Civil Rights March on Washington, 1963. ... The Learning Tree is a 1969 film which tells the story of a young African American growing up in a rural setting in the early part of the 20th century, when racial discrimination was a social norm, legally sanctioned in parts of the United States. ... Thomas (Tom) Moss (born 1928 or 1929; died April 21, 2004) was the first African-American hired as a Senate staffer, in 1971 by Strom Thurmond. ... Samuel Gravely, U.S. Navy photograph circa 1970. ... Batman and Superman, two of the most recognizable and iconic superheroes. ... Luke Cage, born Carl Lucas and once called Power Man, is a fictional character, a Marvel Comics superhero. ... Marvel Comics is an American comic book line published by Marvel Entertainment, Inc. ... Donald F. McGregor (born June 15, 1945, Rhode Island, United States) is an American comic book writer, and the author of one of the first graphic novels. ... Warren Publishing is a magazine firm founded by James Warren, who published his first magazines in 1957 and continued in the business for decades. ... Horror fiction is, broadly, fiction in any medium intended to scare, unsettle, or horrify the reader. ... Creepy was a horror-comics magazine launched by Warren Publishing in 1964. ... Amazing Adventures is the name of several anthology-format comic book series, all but one published by Marvel Comics. ... Jonathan Raven, better known as Killraven, the Warrior of the Worlds, is a freedom fighter in a post-apocalyptic alternate future (Earth-691) of the fictional Marvel Universe. ... Philip Craig Russell, a. ... Elle redirects here. ... Beverly Johnson was a vocal instructor and pedagogue who taught at The Juilliard School for many years. ... Please see General for other countries which use this rank Army shoulder insignia for a full General General is the most senior rank currently used in the United States Army, United States Air Force and United States Marine Corps. ... General Daniel Chappie James, Jr. ... For the South Park episode of the same name, see The Jeffersons (South Park). ... Franklin Cover (November 20, 1928 – February 5, 2006) was an American actor most noted for starring on The Jeffersons. ... Roxie Roker Roxie Roker (August 28, 1929–December 2, 1995) was an American actress of Bahamian descent who was best known for her groundbreaking role as Helen Willis on the sitcom, The Jeffersons, one half of the first interracial couple to be shown on regular prime-time TV. She also... Norman Lear (born July 27, 1922) is a Jewish-American television writer and producer who produced such popular sitcoms as All in the Family, Sanford and Son, One Day at a Time, Good Times and Maude. ... Broadway theatre[1] is often considered the highest professional form of theatre in the United States. ... Vinette Justine Carroll (March 11, 1922) — (November 5, 2002) American playwright, first African American woman to direct on Broadway. ... Your Arms Too Short to Box with God, subtitled A Soaring Celebration in Song and Dance, was a Broadway musical based on the Biblical Book of Matthew, with music and lyrics by Alex Bradford and a book by Vinnette Carroll, who also directed. ... Peace Corps volunteers usually serve for two years. ... Carolyn R. Payton was the first female director of the Peace Corps, and the first African American. ... U.S. Space Shuttle astronaut Bruce McCandless II using a manned maneuvering unit (MMU) outside the Challenger in 1984. ... Col. ... now. ... Nickname: The Windy City, The Second City, Chi Town, The City of Big Shoulders Motto: Urbs In Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location in Chicagoland and Illinois Coordinates: Country United States State Illinois County Cook Incorporated March 4, 1837 Mayor Richard M. Daley (D) Area    - City 606. ... Harold Lee Washington (April 15, 1922 – November 25, 1987) was a lawyer, legislator and the first African American Mayor of Chicago, Illinois serving from 1983 until his death in 1987. ... Miss America contestants visit Andrews Air Force Base in 2003 For the two Golden Age patriotically-themed comic book superheroines, see Miss America (comics). ... Vanessa Lynn Williams This article is about Vanessa Williams the actress and singer, for the actress on Melrose Place see Vanessa Williams (actress). ... A judge or justice is an official who presides over a court. ... The supreme court in some countries, provinces, and states, functions as a court of last resort whose rulings cannot be challenged. ... Juanita Kidd Stout, (March 7, 1919 - August 21, 1998 in Wewoka, Oklahoma, United States), was a Justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania from 1988-1989, and the first African-American woman elected to any judgeship in the United States and the first to serve on the Supreme Court of... Nickname: Big Apple; City that never Sleeps; Gotham Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs Bronx (The Bronx) New York (Manhattan) Queens (Queens) Kings (Brooklyn) Richmond (Staten Island) Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area    - City 1,214. ... David Norman Dinkins (born July 10, 1927 in Trenton, New Jersey) was the Mayor of New York City from 1989 through 1993, the first (and, to date, only) African American to hold that office. ... The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff is by law the highest ranking military officer of the United States military, and the principal military advisor to the President of the United States. ... General Colin Luther Powell, United States Army (Ret. ... Playboy is an American adult entertainment magazine, founded in 1953 by Hugh Hefner and his associates, which has grown into Playboy Enterprises, Inc. ... A Playmate is a female model featured in Playboy magazine as Playmate of the Month. ... Playboy centerfold appearance November 1989 Birthplace Caldwell, Idaho Birthdate December 2, 1968 Measurements 36 - 23 - 32 Height 56 Weight 112 lbs Preceded by Karen Foster Succeeded by Petra Verkaik Playmate of the Year (PMOY) for 1990 PMOY preceded by Kimberley Conrad PMOY succeeded by Lisa Matthews Renee Tenison (born... A governor is an official who heads the government of a colony, state or other sub-national state unit. ... Lawrence Douglas Wilder Lawrence Douglas Wilder (born January 17, 1931) is an American politician. ... In political science, a demoncrat is an advocate, follower, or proponent of democracy. ... Official language(s) English Capital Richmond Largest city Virginia Beach Area  Ranked 35th  - Total 42,793 sq mi (110,862 km²)  - Width 200 miles (320 km)  - Length 430 miles (690 km)  - % water 7. ... Sharon Pratt Dixon (later Sharon Pratt Kelly; b. ... Nickname: DC, The District Motto: Justitia Omnibus (Justice for All) Location of Washington, D.C., in relation to the states Maryland and Virginia. ... Mae Carol Jemison, M.D. (born October 17, 1956) was the first African-American woman to travel to space. ... Space Shuttle Endeavour being carried on top of a Boeing 747 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft. ... The United States Senate is the upper house of the U.S. Congress, smaller than the United States House of Representatives. ... Carol Moseley Braun (born August 16, American politician and lawyer, was the first (and to date only) black woman elected to the United States Senate (representing Illinois). ... In political science, a demoncrat is an advocate, follower, or proponent of democracy. ... Official language(s) English Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Area  Ranked 25th  - Total 57,918 sq mi (149,998 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 390 miles (629 km)  - % water 4. ... Nobel Prize medal. ... Old book bindings at the Merton College library. ... For the Louisiana politician, see deLesseps Morrison, Jr. ... The Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress is appointed by the United States Librarian of Congress and earns a stipend of $35,000 a year. ... Rita Frances Dove (born August 28, 1952 in Akron, Ohio, USA) is an African American United States poet and author. ... Darnell Martin is a television and film director. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... I Like It Like That (1994) is a film about trials and tribulations of a young Puerto Rican couple living in the poverty-stricken New York City neighborhood of the South Bronx. ... Admiral is a senior naval rank of the United States Navy which is also commonly known as a Four Star Admiral. It is the equivalent of a General in the United States Army and outranked by a Fleet Admiral. ...

21st century

• 2001

First African American Secretary of State: Colin Powell

• 2002

First African American woman to win the Academy Award for Best Actress: Halle Berry (Monster's Ball, 2001)

• 2005

First female African American Secretary of State: Condoleezza Rice

• 2006

First African American interracial gay kiss on television: Will & Grace: "I Love L. Gay", actors Eric McCormack, Taye Diggs, written by Steve Gabriel, directed by James Burrows^[16]

First Black Muslim, and first Muslim, elected to U.S Congress: Representative Keith Ellison (Democrat, Minnesota)

Seal of the United States Department of State. ... General Colin Luther Powell, United States Army (Ret. ... The Academy Award for Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role is one of the awards given to people working in the motion picture industry by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences; nominations are made by Academy members who are actors and actresses. ... Halle Maria Berry (born August 14, 1966[1] in Cleveland, Ohio) is an Emmy, Golden Globe, Golden Raspberry and Academy Award-winning American actress and former fashion model and beauty queen. ... Monsters Ball is a 2001 American drama/romance film. ... Seal of the United States Department of State. ... Condoleezza Rice (born November 14, 1954 in Birmingham, Alabama) is the 66th United States Secretary of State, and the second in the administration of President George W. Bush to hold the office. ... Homosexuality refers to sexual and romantic attraction between two individuals of the same sex. ... Will & Grace was a popular Emmy Award-winning American television situation comedy that focused on Will Truman, a gay lawyer and his best friend Grace Adler, a straight Jewish woman who runs her own interior design firm, as well as Karen Walker, a very rich socialite and Jack McFarland, an... Eric McCormack (born on April 18, 1963 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada) is an Emmy Award-winning Canadian actor of Scottish and Cherokee Canadian descent. ... Taye Diggs in the 1999 film House on Haunted Hill Taye Diggs (born Scott Diggs on January 2, 1972) is an American theatre, film and television actor. ... James Burrows is a prolific Jewish-American television director who has been working in television since the 1970s. ... The phrase black Muslim is a term used mostly in the United States. ... A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Turkish: Müslüman, Persian and Urdu: مسلمان, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of Islam. ... Seal of the U.S. Congress. ... The House of Representatives is the larger of two houses that make up the U.S. Congress, the other being the United States Senate. ... Keith Maurice Ellison (born August 4, 1963), is an American lawyer and politician, who became the first Muslim[1][2] to be elected to the United States Congress when he won the vacant seat for Minnesotas 5th congressional district in the House of Representatives, one of eight congressional districts... Capital Saint Paul Largest city Minneapolis Area  Ranked 12th  - Total 87,014 sq mi (225,365 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 400 miles (645 km)  - % water 8. ...

Footnotes