The following list consists of concepts that are derived from both Islam and Arab tradition, which are expressed as words in the Arabic language. The main purpose of this list is to disambiguate multiple spellings, to make note of spellings no longer in use for these concepts, to define the concept in one or two lines, to make it easy to pin down the concept you're looking for, and to provide a guide to unique concepts of Islam all in one place. Islam   listen? (Arabic: al-islām) the submission to God is a monotheistic faith, one of the Abrahamic religions, and the worlds second largest religion. ... The religion of Islam consists of faith (إيمان, Ä«mān) and practice (دين, dÄ«n). ... See Shahada (India) for the Indian town called Shahada. ... Salah (also known as salat, solat, solah and several other spellings) (Arabic: صلاة, Quranic Arabic: صلوة) is one of the Five Pillars of Islam. ... Zakât (or Zakaat or Zakah) (Arabic: زكاة, Old (Quran) Arabic: زكوة) is the third of the Five Pillars of Islam. ... Ramadan or Ramadhan (Arabic: رمضان ) is the ninth month of the Islamic year. ... The Hajj or Haj (Arabic حَجّ Ḥaǧǧ) is the Pilgrimage to Mecca (or, Makkah) and is the fifth of the Five Pillars of Islam. Every able-bodied Muslim who can afford to do so is obliged to make the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime. ... Jihad (ǧihād جهاد) is an Islamic term, from the Arabic root ǧhd (to exert utmost effort, to strive, struggle), which connotes a wide range of meanings: anything from an inward spiritual struggle to attain perfect faith to a struggle a political or military struggle to further the Islamic cause. ... An example of allāhu written in simple Arabic calligraphy Allah (Arabic: allāh) is the Arabic word for God. It is ultimately derived (according to most etymologists) from Proto-Semitic ʾil-, as is Hebrew El). ... Muhammad is a common male name for Muslims. ... Caliph is the term or title for the Islamic leader of the Ummah, or community of Islam. ... The Quran identifies a number of men as prophets of Islam. ... The Shia Imam is considered by the Shia sect of Islam to be the rightful successor to Muhammad, and is similar to the Caliph in Sunni Islam. ... The Mahdi (also Mehdi, Mihdi), in Islamic eschatology, is a prophecy about a redeemer of Islam, who will change the world into a perfect society just before Yaum al-Qiyamah (the end times). ... In the Islamic religion, the Sahaba (or Asahaaba,الصحابه; both forms are plural--the singular is Sahaabi, which is Arabic for friend, or companion) are the companions of the Prophet Muhammad. ... This article is about the holy city in Saudi Arabia. ... This article is about the Saudi city of Medina. ... Jerusalem (31°46′ N 35°14′ E; Hebrew: יְרוּשָׁלַיִם Yerushalayim; Arabic: القدس al-Quds; see also names of Jerusalem) is an ancient Middle Eastern city of key importance to the religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. ... Najaf (Arabic: ) is a city in Iraq, about 160 km south of Baghdad, located at 31. ... The Mashad al-Husain, Karbala Karbalā (كربلاء; also transliterated as Kerbala or Kerbela) is a city in Iraq, located about 100 km southwest of Baghdad at 32. ... Kufa (الكوفة al-Kufa in Arabic) is a city in Iraq, about 170 km south of Baghdad, and 10 km northeast of Najaf. ... View of the Imami Shrine Kazimain or Al-Kazimiyah is a town located in Iraq that is now a neighborhood of Baghdad, located in the northern area of the city about 5 km from the center of the city. ... Tomb of Nadir Shah Afshar, a popular tourist attraction in Mashad. ... The two Shiite mosques in Samarra A soldier descends a Minaret in Samarra, Iraq. ... For other uses see Hijra. ... The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar (also called Hijri calendar) is the calendar used to date events in predominately Muslim countries, and used by Muslims everywhere to determine the proper day on which to celebrate Muslim holy days. ... The Islamic holiday of Eid ul-Fitr (Arabic: عيد الفطر) marks the end of Ramadan. ... Eid ul-Adha (Arabic: عيد الأضحى) is second in the series of Eid festivals that Muslims celebrate. ... For the Canaanite and Ugaritic mother-goddess, please see Asherah. ... Arbaeen (اربعين, Arabic forty) is a Shia religious holiday that occurs forty days after Aashura, the commemoration of the martyrdom by beheading of Husayn bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad. ... Tulip Mosque in Ufa, Russia. ... Mosque in Aswan, Egypt, with minarets. ... Mihrab (in Persian مهراب or محراب, in Arabic ألمحراب pl. ... The Kaaba or Kaabah, is a building located inside the mosque known as Masjid al Haram in Mecca (Makkah). ... Islamic architecture is the entire range of architecture that has evolved from Islam as a social, cultural, political and religious phenomenon. ... The müezzin (the word is pronounced this way Turkish, Urdu, etc. ... A Mufti (Arabic: مفتى) is an Islamic scholar who is an interpreter or expounder of Islamic law (Sharia), capable of issuing fataawa (fatwas). See also Grand Mufti Grand Mufti of Jerusalem Mufti also refers to ordinary clothes, especially when worn by one who normally wears, or has long worn, a... Mullahs are Islamic clergy who have studied the Quran and the Hadith and are considered experts on related religious matters in this religion. ... Imam is an Arabic word meaning Leader. The ruler of a country might be called the Imam, for example. ... Ayatollah (Arabic: آية الله; Persian: آیت‌الله) is a high title given to major Shia clergymen. ... A marja, or marja-e-taqleed (Arabic مرجع تقليد), literally source of imitation or source of tradition, is the second highest authority on religion and law in Shia Islam after the prophet and (Shia) Imams. ... The Quran (Arabic: al-qurān literally the recitation; also called Al Qurān Al KarÄ«m or The Noble Quran; or transliterated Quran, Koran, and less commonly Alcoran) is the holy book of Islam. ... Hadith (Arabic: , Arabic pl. ... Sunna redirects to here, which can also refer to Sunne or Frau Sonne, a Scandinavian sun goddess, also known as Sol. ... Islamic jurisprudence, Fiqh (in Arabic and Persian: فقه) is made up of the rulings of Islamic scholars to direct the lives of the Muslim faithful. ... A fatwa (Arabic: ) plural fatāwa (Arabic: ) , is a legal pronouncement in Islam, issued by a religious law specialist on a specific issue. ... Sharia (Arabic: ; also SharÄ«ah, Sharia, Shariah or Syariah) is traditional Islamic law, also known as Allahs Law. ... Madhhab(مذهب) (Madhahib, pl) is an Islamic term that refers to a school of thought or religious jurisprudence (fiqh) within Sunni Islam. ... The term Kalam can refer to: A President of India, Abdul Kalam Islamic theology This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Hanafi is one of the four schools (madhabs) of Fiqh or religious law within Sunni Islam. ... Hanbali is one of the four schools (Maddhabs) of Fiqh or religious law within Sunni Islam. ... Twelvers or the Ithna Asharia are members of the group of Shias who believe in twelve Imams. ... Maliki is one of the four schools of Fiqh or religious law within Sunni Islam. ... Shafii is one of the four schools of Fiqh or religious law within Sunni Islam. ... The Asharite school of early Muslim philosophy were instrumental in drastically changing the direction of Islamic philosophy, separating its development drastically from that of philosophy in the Christian world. ... In Islam, one who follows Abu Mansur Al Maturidis theology, which is a close variant of Ashari school of thought. ... During the early centuries of Islam, Muslim thought encountered a multitude of infuences from various ethnic and philosophical groups that it absorbed. ... Mutazili (Arabic المعتزلة) is an extinct theological school of thought within Islam. ... Qadiriyyah (Qadiri), is one of the oldest Sufi tariqas, derives its name from Abd al-Qadir al-Djilani (also spelled as Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani or Abdul Qadir Jilani some spell it Kaylani) (1077-1166), a native of the Iranian province of Gilan. ... Shia Islam (Arabic: or follower. ... Kharijites were members of an Islamic sect in late 7th and early 8th century AD, concentrated in todays southern Iraq. ... Twelvers or the Ithna Asharia are members of the group of Shias who believe in twelve Imams. ... // Introduction The Ismaili (Persian: اسماعیلیان Esmâiliyân) branch of Islam is the second largest Shia community, after the Twelvers who are dominant in Iran. ... Zaiddiyah (also: Zaidi, Zaydi, Zaydiyah, or in the West Fivers)(Zaidis are Zaids descendants and Zaydiyah is a sect/followes of zaid as a imam aganist Shia Ithna Asharia) refers to a sect within Shia Islam. ... The Alawites form a Middle Eastern religious group prominent in Syria. ... Alevis are a branch of Islam, related to Shia Islam and practised mainly in (majority Sunni) Turkey, among both Zazas, Turks and Kurds. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ... Al-Ibadhiyah is a form of Islam distinct from the Shiite and Sunni sects. ... In Judaism, the Meslolsiah (מָשִׁיחַ Anointed one, Standard Hebrew Mašíaḥ, Tiberian Hebrew Māšîªḥ) initially meant any person who was annointed by God to do a job. ... Zikri is a small Islamic sect that is concentrated in Balochistan. ... Sufism (Arabic تصوف tasÌ£awwuf) is the school of esoteric philosophy in Islam, which is based on the pursuit of spiritual truth as a definite goal to attain. ... Wahhabism (sometimes spelled Wahabbism or Wahabism) is a movement of Islam named after Muhammad ibn Abd al Wahhab (1703–1792). ... A Salafi (Arabic سلفي referring to early Muslim), from the Arabic word Salafسلف (literally meaning predecessors or early generations), is a practitioner of Salafiyyah (Salafism). ... In modern times there have been a number of liberal movements within Islam (sometimes called in Arabic: الإسلام الإجتهادية or interpretation-based Islam; also الإسلام المتقدمة or progressive Islam). These generally denote religious outlooks which depend mainly on ijtihad or re-interpretations of scriptures. ... The Nation of Islam (NOI) is a religious and political organization founded in the United States by Wallace Fard Muhammad in 1930 with a declared aim of resurrecting the spiritual, mental, social and economic condition of the black man and woman of America and the world. ... Ahmadi Muslims, are followers of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad. ... The Nation of Gods and Earths, commonly known as the Five Percent Nation or the Five Percenters are an African-American social/religious movement founded in Harlem in the late 1960s by Clarence 13X. Spawned from a combination of teachings of Malcolm X and The Nation of Islam, the 5... The United Submitters International is a somewhat obscure Islamic group, founded by Dr. Rashad Khalifa. ... The room where The Báb declared His mission on May 23, 1844 in His house in Shiraz. ... Seat of the Universal House of Justice The Baháí Faith is an emerging global religion founded by Baháulláh, a nineteenth-century Iranian exile. ... Melek taus The Yezidi or Yazidi (Kurdish; Êzidî) are adherents of a small Middle Eastern religion with ancient origins. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... The Druze (Arabic: duruzÄ« درزي, pl. ... Arabic (العربية) is a Semitic language, closely related to Hebrew and Aramaic. ...

Separating concepts in Islam from concepts specific to Arab culture, or from the language itself, can be difficult. Many Arabic concepts have an Arabic secular meaning as well as an Islamic meaning. One example is the concept of dawah. Among the complexities of the Arabic language is that a single word can have multiple meanings. The word Islam is a good example. Islam   listen? (Arabic: al-islām) the submission to God is a monotheistic faith, one of the Abrahamic religions, and the worlds second largest religion. ... In Arabic, Dawah means invite or invitation. ... Islam   listen? (Arabic: al-islām) the submission to God is a monotheistic faith, one of the Abrahamic religions, and the worlds second largest religion. ...

Readers should also note that Arabic is expressed in symbols. The following list is a transliteration of Arabic terms and phrases. Consequently, Muslims may transliterate certain Arabic words differently, such as din, or deen, and aqidah, or aqeedah. Most items in the list also contain their actual Arabic spelling.

Contents: Top - 0-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A

Abu 

father of. "Ibn" means son of. Muslim names commonly use these two terms. For example, Abu Sufyan ibn Harb.

Adab (أدب) 

describes one's behaviour. For example, following the hadith rules is good adab.

Abd 

servant, worshipper, slave. Muslims consider themselves servants and slaves of God. A common Muslim name is Abd'allah/Abdullah, or Servant of Allah.

Adhan (أذان) 

call to salah (prayer)

Adl (عدل) 

Justice especially distributive justice: social, economic, political, environmental.

Ahl al Kitab (أهل الكتاب) 

"People of the Book", or followers of pre-Islamic monotheistic religions with some form of scripture believed to be of divine origin: Jews, Christians, "Sabians" (probably Mandaeans), and sometimes Zoroastrians

Ahad 

literally "only." Islamically, ahad means One Alone, unique, none like God. One of the names of Allah.

Ahkam 

rulings and orders of the Qu'ran and Sunnah. Five kinds of orders: Wajib, Mustahab, Muharram, Makruh, and Halal.

Ahlul Bayt (أهل البيت) 

members of Prophet Muhammad's Household. Also known as the Masumin (infallibles; spiritually pure).

Akhlaq 

the practice of virtue.

Alamin 

humankind, jinn, and all that exists

Alhamdulillah (الحمد لله) 

"Praise to God!" Qur'anic exclamation

Allah (الله) 

literally "The God" (Allah is thus God in Arabic)

Allahu Akbar 

"God is the Greatest." Islamic expression.

Al-isra (الإسراء) 

"Night journey" of the prophet

Akhirah (آلآخرة) 

the afterlife, and accountability for present deeds

Alim (عالم) 

"(He) who knows"; a scientist (who knows science) or a theologian (who knows religion); similar to Japanese sensei, "teacher"

Amanah 

the trust. Of all creation, only human beings carry the "trust", which is free will.

Ameen 

a supplication meaning, "O Allah, respond (to or answer what we have said)."

Ansar 

"Helpers." The Muslim converts at Medina who helped the Muslims from Mecca after the Hijrah.

Aqidah (عقيدة) 

The Islamic creed, or the six article of faith, which consists of the belief in God, Angels, Messengers and Prophets, Scriptures, the Day of Judgment, and Destiny.

Aql 

Intelligence, intellect, mind, understanding

Arba'in (اربعين) 

meaning a number which is 40

Asr 

the third salah prayer

Asharatu mubashshirun 

the ten companions of Muhammad who were promised paradise

Assalamu alaikum (السلام عليكم) 

"Peace be upon you", the Islamic greeting

Astaghfirullah 

"I ask God's forgiveness." Islamic expression.

Auliya 

friends, protectors, helpers. (singular: wali)

Awrah (عورة) 

the part of a person's body that must be covered before everybody but a spouse. It may also be used to refer to what must be concealed of a woman before non-related men

Ayah (آية) (plural ayat, آيات) 

a sign. More specifically, a verse in the Qur'an.

'Azl (عزل) 

coitus interruptus, Intercourse characterized by withdrawal of the penis before ejaculation

Azhan 

see adhan

ABU can stand for: Atlantic Baptist University -- a Christian liberal arts and science university located in Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada. ... Adab refers to the prescribed Muslim way of living as outlined in the Quran. ... Hadith (Arabic: , Arabic pl. ... A call to prayer in Bukhara, Uzbekistan. ... Salah (also known as salat, solat, solah and several other spellings) (Arabic: صلاة, Quranic Arabic: صلوة) is one of the Five Pillars of Islam. ... ADL can abbreviate several things Action Description Language, a formal language for automatic planning systems Activities of daily living The Anti-Defamation League Adrenoleukodystrophy, a lack of an enzyme required for breaking down fatty acids. ... Justice is a concept involving the fair, moral, and impartial treatment of all persons, especially in law. ... Distributive justice concerns what is just or right with respect to the allocation of goods (or utility) in a society. ... Social Justice is a concept that has fascinated philosophers ever since Plato rebuked the young Sophist, Thrasymachus, for asserting that justice was whatever the strongest decided it would be. ... Islamic economics is economics in accordance with Islamic law. ... Ijmāʿ (Arabic, إجماع) refers to the consensus of the ummah, the community of Muslims, those practicing Islam, or of the ulema, those learned in the relevant topic. ... Hima means (is Arabic for) inviolate zones solely for the conservation of natural capital, typically fields, wildlife and forests (contrast haram to protect areas for more immediate human purposes). ... The People of the Book or ahl al Kitâb, (Arabic: اهل الكتاب) is a term in Islam for peoples who, according to the Quran, have received and are in possession of the divine scriptures —referring to the Torah, the New Testament, as well as the Quran. ... Many religions and spiritual movements hold certain written texts (or series of spoken legends not traditionally written down) to be sacred. ... Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament writings of his early followers. ... Mandaeanism is a pre-Christian religion which has been classified by scholars as Gnostic. ... Faravahar, The depiction of the human soul before birth and after death. ... This is an Arabic phrase literally translated as People of the House, or family. ... Alhamdulillah in Arabic means Praise to God, similar to the Hebrew Halel luyah. ... An example of allāhu written in simple Arabic calligraphy Allah (Arabic: allāh) is the Arabic word for God. It is ultimately derived (according to most etymologists) from Proto-Semitic ʾil-, as is Hebrew El). ... The term God (capitalized in English language as a proper noun) is often used to refer to a Supreme Being. ... An example of allāhu written in simple Arabic calligraphy Allah (Arabic: allāh) is the Arabic word for God. It is ultimately derived (according to most etymologists) from Proto-Semitic ʾil-, as is Hebrew El). ... The term God (capitalized in English language as a proper noun) is often used to refer to a Supreme Being. ... Allahu Akbar (allāhu akbar, الله أَكْبَر) is Arabic for God is the greatest. ... Surat Al-Isra or Bani Israil (ie The Night Journey or The Children of Israel) is the 17th sura of the Quran. ... Akhirah is the day of judgment in the Islamic fatih. ... Afterlife (also known as life after death) is a generic term referring to a continuation of existence, typically spiritual and experiential, beyond this world, or after death. ... Accountability has several meanings and is the subject of a broad debate in American governance. ... Ulema (Arabic: علماء) is the community of legal scholars of Islam and the Sharia. ... This article is about the profession. ... // What is science? There are different theories of what science is. ... Theology is reasoned discourse concerning God (Greek θεος, theos, God, + λογος, logos, word or reason). It also refers to the study of other religious topics. ... Sensei in Japanese Sensei (先生) is a generic Japanese term for master, teacher or doctor. It can be used to refer to any authority figure, such as schoolteacher, professor, priest, lawyer, or politician. ... Ansar (Arabic: aiders, helpers or patrons) refer to the Muslim inhabitants of Medina, who welcomed the prophet Muhammad and the other Meccan Muslims when they migrated to Medina from Mecca (in an event known as the Hijrah. ... Aqidah is an Islamic creed. ... Arbaeen (اربعين, Arabic forty) is a Shia religious holiday that occurs forty days after Aashura, the commemoration of the martyrdom by beheading of Husayn bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad. ... ASR is an initialism that may mean: Acceleration Slip Regulation Automatic Send-Receive, a type of teleprinter that contains a keyboard and punched tape equipment Advanced Science Research, an high school course in some schools, that allows a student to perform research on a desired topic with help of a... al-Asharatu Mubashshirun (the Promised Ten) is an Arabic term reffering to the ten companions whom the Prophet Muhammad visited one day and promised Paradise. ... Assalamu alaikum is an Arabic language greeting used in Muslim cultures. ... Istighfar (Arabic: إستغفار) means the act of seeking forgiveness from God and is one of the essential parts of worship in Islam. ... Awrah is an Arabic term used within Islam which denotes the parts of the body that are not meant to be exposed in public. ... Ayah plural Ayat (آية respectively آيات) is the Arabic word for sign or miracle. ... Coitus interruptus, also commonly called vatican roulette, the withdrawal method, the natural method, pull and pray, belly shot, or pulling out is an unreliable method of contraception in which, during sexual intercourse, the man removes his penis from the womans vagina just before he reaches orgasm. ... Adhan (Arabic: أَذَان aḏān; also: aazan, athan) is the Islamic call to prayer, recited by the muezzin. ... A call to prayer in Bukhara, Uzbekistan. ...

B

Baitullah 

"House of Allah." A mosque.

Barakah (بركة) 

a blessing. Also, spiritual wisdom and blessing transmitted from master to pupil

Barzakh 

life after death in which the soul of the deceased is transferred across the boundaries of the mortal realm into the spirit world

Basher (بشر) 

literally means 'face' but generally it refers to a person (man/woman)

Basirah (بصيرة) 

insight, discernment, perceptivity. A term used by Sufis to denote the ability to directly perceive a transcendental Truth

Bid'ah 

innovation. Innovation in Islam is considered a serious sin by many Muslims

Bint 

daughter of

In Arabic, barakah is spiritual wisdom and blessing transmitted from master to pupil. ... This religion article needs to be wikified. ... Basirah (بصيرة) is an Arabic word meaning insight, discernment, and perceptivity when used by Sufis to denote the ability to directly perceive a transcendental Truth, or meaning dark, sad, and frowning when describing a reference for non-believers on Yaum al-Qiyamah. ... Sufism (Arabic تصوف taṣawwuf) is the school of esoteric philosophy in Islam, which is based on the pursuit of spiritual truth as a definite goal to attain. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...

C

Caliph (خليفة) 

literally successor; refers to the successor of the prophet Muhammad, the ruler of the Islamic world

Caliph is the term or title for the Islamic leader of the Ummah, or community of Islam. ...

D

Dajjal (دجّال) 

the Islamic counterpart to the Antichrist; means "liar"

Dallan 

going astray

Dar al-Ahd (دار العهد) 

the Ottoman Empire's relationship with its Christian tributary states

Dar al-Amn (دار العمن) 

status of a Muslim living in the Western world

Dar al-Dawa (دار الدعوة) 

a region where Islam has recently been introduced

Dar al-Harb (دار الحرب) 

areas outside Muslim rule; the non-Islamic world

Dar al-Islam (دار الإسلام)

the abode, or land, of Islam

Dar al-Kufr (دار الكفر) 

refers to the Quraish-dominated society of Mecca between his flight to Medina (the Hijra) and his triumphant return

Dar al-Shahada (دار الشهادة) 

See Dar al-Amn

Dawah (الدعوة) 

the call to Islam

Dervish (درويش) 

a Sufi ascetic

Dhu-Mahram 

A male whom a woman can never marry because of close relationship (i.e. brother, father, uncle, etc.) or her own husband

Dhimmi (ذمّي) 

"Protected person"; Jews, Christians, and Zoroastrians (and sometimes others, such as Buddhists, Sikhs, and Hindus), whose right to practice their religion is tolerated under Islamic law, but with lower legal status. Dhimmis are freed from conscription and have to pay a jizya tax, which historically was usually lower than the zakat levied as a tax upon Muslims. If they choose to join the army, they are totally freed from the obligation of paying taxes for the rest of their life.

Din (الدين) 

the way of life based on Islamic revelation; the sum total of a Muslim's faith and practice. Din is often used to mean the faith and religion of Islam.

Dua (دعاء) 

personal prayer, supplication

Dhikr (ذكر) 

remembrance of God; Sufi spiritual exercise; Muslims believe that the primary function of prophets is to remind people of God.

Dhuhr 

second salah prayer

Dunya 

This world or life, as opposed to the Hereafter

Ad-Dajjal or Degghial is, in Islamic eschatology, an evil figure who will appear some time before Yaum al-Qiyamah (the Last Day). ... In Christian eschatology, the Antichrist is a person or other entity that is the embodiment of evil and utterly opposed to truth. ... The term dar al-Ahd (Arabic: house of treaty or house of truce) was invented to describe the Ottoman Empires relationship with its Christian tributary states. ... dar al-Amn (Arabic: house of safety) is a term proposed by Western Muslim philosophers to describe the status of Muslims in the West. ... Leonardo da Vincis Vitruvian Man, for many a symbol of Western culture The Western world or the West is a group of countries and cultures of which the composition depends on the definition used. ... dar al-Dawa (Arabic: house of invitation) is a term used to describe a region where the religion of Islam is newly arrived. ... Dar al-Harb (Arabic: house of war) is a term used in many Islamic countries to refer to those areas outside Muslim rule. ... Dar al-Islam (Arabic: literally house of submission) is a term widely used in the Islamic world to refer to those lands under Muslim government(s). ... dar al-Kufr (Arabic: house of unbelievers) is a term used by the Prophet Muhammed to refer to the Quraish-dominated society of Mecca between his flight to Medina (the Hijra) and his triumphant return. ... Quraish (Arabic: ) refers to the Meccan tribe that Muhammad belonged to. ... dar al-Shahada (Arabic: house of testimony) is a term proposed by Western Muslim philosophers to describe the status of Muslims in the West. ... In Arabic, Dawah means invite or invitation. ... The word Dervish, especially in European languages, refers to members of Sufi Muslim ascetic religious fraternities, known for their extreme poverty and austerity, similar to mendicant friars. ... A Dhimmi, or Zimmi (Arabic ذمّي), as defined in classical Islamic legal and political literature, is a person living in a Muslim state who is a member of an officially tolerated non-Islamic religion. ... Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament writings of his early followers. ... Faravahar, The depiction of the human soul before birth and after death. ... In Islamic law, jizya or jizyah (Arabic: جزْية) is a per capita tax imposed on adult male kafeer (members of other faiths) in states which fall under Muslim rule. ... Zakât (or Zakaat or Zakah) (Arabic: زكاة, Old (Quran) Arabic: زكوة) is the third of the Five Pillars of Islam. ... Arabic. ... The Dhuhr prayer (dh pronounced as th in Thou) is the mid-day prayer recited by practising Muslims. ...

E

Eid 

festival or celebration.

Eid ul-Adha (عيد الأضحى) 

"the Festival of Sacrifice." The four day celebration starting on the tenth day of Dhul-Hijja.

Eid ul-Fitr (عيد الفطر) 

"the Festival of Fast-Breaking." A religious festival that marks the end of the fast of Ramadan.

The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. ... Eid ul-Adha (Arabic: عيد الأضحى) is second in the series of Eid festivals that Muslims celebrate. ... Dhul Hijjah (ḏū-l-ḥiǧǧatu ذو الحجة) is the 12th month on the Islamic calendar. ... The Islamic holiday of Eid ul-Fitr (Arabic: عيد الفطر) marks the end of Ramadan. ... Ramadan or Ramadhan (Arabic: رمضان ) is the ninth month of the Islamic year. ...

F

Fajarah 

Wicked evil doers

Falah 

success, happiness, well-being

Fajr 

morning, as in the morning prayer.

Fana (فناء) 

Sufi term meaning extinction - to die to this life while alive. Having no existence outside of God. A unity with Allah.

Fard (فرض) 

a religious duty, or an obligatory action: praying 5 times a day is fard

Fasiq 

anyone who has violated Islamic law; usually referrs to one whose character has been corrupted

Fasiqun 

Rebellious, as in the disobedience to God

Fatwa (فتوى) 

legal opinion of an (alim) binding on him and on those who follow his taqlid

Fiqh (فقه) 

jurisprudence built around the shariah by custom (al-urf)

Fi sabil Allah 

for the sake of God; common Islamic expression

Fitna (فتنة) 

trial or tribulation; originally applied to the initial schism between Sunnis and Shi'as, now may refer to a period of disorder before the end of the world or any civil strife

Fitrah 

innate disposition towards virtue, knowledge, and beauty. Muslims believe every child is born with fitrah.

Furqan 

the criterion (of right and wrong, true and false); for example, the Qur'an as furqan.

In Islam the Fajr is the dawn prayer performed before sunrise, it is mentioned by name in Quran 24:58. ... Sufism (Arabic تصوف tasÌ£awwuf) is the school of esoteric philosophy in Islam, which is based on the pursuit of spiritual truth as a definite goal to attain. ... Fard is an Arabic language word which can be translated as obligatory. The word is also used in Urdu and Hindi (and is spelled farz) but in these languages it most often means duty (i. ... A term in Islam. ... A fatwa (Arabic: ) plural fatāwa (Arabic: ) , is a legal pronouncement in Islam, issued by a religious law specialist on a specific issue. ... Ulema (Arabic: علماء) is the community of legal scholars of Islam and the Sharia. ... Taqlid literally means to follow (someone), to imitate. In Islamic legal terminology it means to follow a mujtahid in religious laws and commandment as he has derived them. ... Islamic jurisprudence, Fiqh (in Arabic and Persian: فقه) is made up of the rulings of Islamic scholars to direct the lives of the Muslim faithful. ... Jurisprudence is the scientific and historic study of law, inclusive of: Legal history, including legal historiography and hermeneutics; Legal philosophy; Legal science, e. ... Sharia (Arabic شريعة also Sharia, Shariah or Syariah) is traditional Islamic law. ... In Islamic law (Sharia Arabic: شريعة), al-urf العرف is the custom of a given society, leading to change in the Egypt, marriage the Urfi way means to get married without offical papers issued by the state (Zawag Urfi:زواج عرفي). ... Fitna is an Arabic word for civil war, disagreement, division within Islam, trial, test, disturbance. ... A trial is, in the most general sense, a test, usually a test to see whether something does or does not meet a given standard. ... In Christian eschatology, the Tribulation (also called the Great Tribulation) is a relatively short period of time where believers will experience worldwide persecution and be purified and strengthened by it. ... The word schism, from the Greek σχισμα, schisma (from σχιζω, schizo, to split), means a division or a split, usually in an organization. ... Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ... Shia Islam (Arabic: or follower. ... This article is about the religious concept. ...

G

Ghafara 

to forgive, to cover up (sins). A characteristic of God.

Ghaflah 

heedlessness, forgetfulness of God, indifference

Ghaib 

Unseen

Ghusl 

full ablution of the whole body

Ghusl (Arabic: غسل) refers to the full ablution in Islam. ...

H

Hadi 

guide; A Muslim name for God is The Guide, or Al-Hadi.

Hadaya 

guidance from God.

Hadith (حديث) 

recorded saying or tradition of the prophet Muhammad validated by isnah; with sira these comprise the sunnah and reveal shariah

Halal (حلال) 

lawful, permitted, good, beneficial, praiseworthy, honourable

Hafiz (حافظ) 

someone who knows the Qur'an by heart. Literal translation = memorizer or Protector.

Hajj (الحجّ)or haj 

pilgrimage to Mecca. Sunnis regard this as the fifth Pillar of Islam

Hanif (حنيف) 

one of the five monotheist prophets; namely, Prophet Adam, Prophet Abraham/Ibrahim, Prophet Moses/Musa, Prophet Isa (Jesus), and Prophet Muhammad. Plural hunafa' (حنفاء).

Haqq 

truth, reality, right, righteousness. An Islamic name for God is al-haqq.

Haram (حرام) 

(stress on final syllable) forbidden. Antonym: halal. (stress on initial syllable) sanctuary.

Hasan 

Good or acceptable. Category of a hadith as opposed to authenic and fabricated.

Hijab (حجاب) 

describes the self-covering of the body for the purposes of modesty and dignity. For example, several schools of Islamic law teach that a woman must conceal her hair and body from the sight of all men except her husband and immediate relatives. Hijab can be broadly understood to be a prescribed system of attitudes and behaviour regarding modesty and dignity.

Hijra (الهجرة) 

Muhammad and his followers' emigration from Mecca to Medina. Literally, "migration".

Hima 

wilderness reserve, protected forest, grazing commons, important to khalifa

Hizb (حزب) 

one half of a juz', or roughly 1/60th of the Qur'an

Houries 

beautiful and pure young men and women, that Muslims believe inhabit Paradise, or Heaven.

Huda 

guidance

Hudna (هدنة) 

cease-fire (often temporary)

Hudud (حدود) 

Literally, limits or boundaries. Usually refers to limits placed by God on man; penalties of the Islamic law which are described in the Qur'an.

Hukm 

ruling in the Qur'an or Sunnah

Hadith (Arabic: , Arabic pl. ... Muhammad is a common male name for Muslims. ... The isnad (Arabic) are the citations or backings that establish the legitimacy of the hadith, which are the sayings of Muhammad, Prophet of Islam. ... This article is not about the group of British engineering companies called Sira; see Sira (group of British companies). ... Sunna redirects to here, which can also refer to Sunne or Frau Sonne, a Scandinavian sun goddess, also known as Sol. ... Sharia (Arabic شريعة also Sharia, Shariah or Syariah) is traditional Islamic law. ... Halaal (Arabic: حلال , also sometimes spelled halal) is the Islamic term for permissible, similar to the Jewish kosher. ... Hafiz or Hafez (Arabic:حافظ), literally meaning guardian, is a term used by Muslims for people who have completely memorized the Quran. ... The Hajj or Haj (Arabic حَجّ Ḥaǧǧ) is the Pilgrimage to Mecca (or, Makkah) and is the fifth of the Five Pillars of Islam. Every able-bodied Muslim who can afford to do so is obliged to make the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime. ... This article is about the holy city in Saudi Arabia. ... The religion of Islam consists of faith (إيمان, Ä«mān) and practice (دين, dÄ«n). ... Hanif is an Islamic term that refers to people who during the time of Jahiliya rejected the idolatry in their society. ... This article covers the word as used in Islamic urban planning. ... Halaal (Arabic: حلال , also sometimes spelled halal) is the Islamic term for permissible, similar to the Jewish kosher. ... Iraqi girl Hijab is the word used in the Islamic context for the practice of dressing modestly, which all practicing Muslims past the age of puberty are instructed to do in their holy book, the Quran. ... For other uses see Hijra. ... This article is about the holy city in Saudi Arabia. ... This article is about the Saudi city of Medina. ... Hima means (is Arabic for) inviolate zones solely for the conservation of natural capital, typically fields, wildlife and forests (contrast haram to protect areas for more immediate human purposes). ... A nature reserve is an area of importance for wildlife, flora, fauna or features of geological or other special interest, which is reserved and managed for conservation and to provide special opportunities for study or research. ... A dense growth of softwoods (a forest) in the Sierra Nevada Range of Northern California A forest is an area with a high density of trees (or, historically, an area set aside for hunting). ... In England and Wales, a common is a piece of land over which other people -- often neighbouring landowners -- could exercise one of a number of traditional rights, such as allowing their cattle to graze upon it. ... In common use, Khalifa is the Arabic word translated into English as Caliph. ... A hizb (حزب , plural ahzab,احزاب) is one half of a juz and thus comprises roughly one 60th of the text of the Quran. ... A juz (جزء, plural ajza, اجزاء) is one of thirty parts of roughly equal length into which the Quran is divided for the purpose of reciting the entire text in one month. ... The Quran (Arabic: al-qurān literally the recitation; also called Al Qurān Al KarÄ«m or The Noble Quran; or transliterated Quran, Koran, and less commonly Alcoran) is the holy book of Islam. ... Hudna (هدنة) is an Arabic term meaning truce or armistice as well as calm or quiet, coming from a verbal root meaning calm. It is sometimes translated as cease-fire. In the Lisan al-Arab (Ibn al-Manzurs definitive dictionary of classical Arabic, dating to the 14th century) it... Hudud ( Arabic , also transliterated Hadud, Hudood; plural for Hadh, , limit, or restriction) is the word often used in Islamic social and legal literature for the bounds of acceptable behaviour. ...

I

Ibadah (عبادة) 

worship, but not limited to ritual: all expressions of servitude to Allah, including the pursuit of knowledge, living a pious life, helping, charity, and humility, can be considered ibadah.

Iblis 

a jinn banished to Hell for his arrogance and disobedience; aka Shaytan

Ibn 

son of; such as Isa ibn Maryam

Iftaar 

a light meal eaten by Muslims breaking their fast after sunset.

Ihram (إحرام) 

state of consecration for hajj. Includes dress and or prayer.

Ihsan 

perfection in worship, such that Muslims try to worship God as if they see Him, and although they cannot see Him, they undoubtedly believe He is constantly watching over them.

Ijaz 

how Muslims describe the character of the Quran in both form and content

Ijma (إجماع) 

the consensus of either the ummah (or just the ulema) - one of four bases of Islamic Law. More generally, political consensus itself.

Ijtihad (إجتهاد) 

during the early times of Islam, the possibility of finding a new solution to a juridical problem. Has not been allowed in conservative Islam since the Middle Ages.

Ilah 

deity, lord, god; not necessarily The God.

Ilm (علم) 

all varieties of knowledge, usually a synonym for science

Imam (إمام) 

literally, leader; e.g. a man who leads a community or leads the prayer; the Shi'a sect use the term only as a title for one of the twelve God-appointed successors of Prophet Muhammad.

Imamah (إمامة) or imamate 

successorship of Prophet Muhammad and the leadership of mankind.

Iman (إيمان) 

personal faith

Infaq 

the habitual inclination to give rather than take in life; the basis for charity

Injil (الإنجيل) 

Muslim term for the holy book said to have been given to Jesus, who is known as Isa to Muslims; Muslims believe the holy book has been lost and the New Testament gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John) are not the word of Allah, only Christian stories about Isa

Insha'Allah (إن شاء الله) 

God Willing.

Iqamah 

the second call to prayer. Similar to the azhan.

Isha 

night; the fifth salah prayer

Islam (الإسلام) 

"submission to God". The Arabic root word for Islam means submission, obedience, peace, and purity.

Ishkaal 

Objection

Isnad (إسناد) 

chain of transmitters of any given hadith

Isnah 

process of validating the hadith; citation methodology

Isra (الإسراء) 

the night journey during which Muhammad is said to have visited Heaven. See miraj.

Istislah (إستصلاح) 

public interest - a source of Islamic Law.

Istish-haad (إستشهاد) 

heroic martyrdom.

In Arabic, Ibadah means obedience, submission, and humility. ... In Islam, Iblīs (Arabic إبليس), or Enais is the devil of the Christian and Jewish faiths called Satan or Lucifer. ... Genie is the anglicized word for the Arabic jinni. In Semitic mythology and Islamic religion, a jinni (also djinni or djini) is a member of the jinn (or djinn), a race of spirits. ... Shaitan (شيطان) is the Arabic word for Adversary, except in different contexts, the word is translated subversely as Separator. It could possibly be a derivation of from שָׂטָן (Hebrew) Satan. ... Ramadan or Ramadhan (Arabic: رمضان ) is the ninth month of the Islamic year. ... Ihram clothing includes mens and women’s garments worn by Muslim pilgrims during the annual Hajj or pilgrimage to Mecca. ... The Hajj or Haj (Arabic حَجّ Ḥaǧǧ) is the Pilgrimage to Mecca (or, Makkah) and is the fifth of the Five Pillars of Islam. Every able-bodied Muslim who can afford to do so is obliged to make the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime. ... In Arabic, Ihsan means perfection or excellence. ... Ijmāʿ (Arabic, إجماع) refers to the consensus of the ummah, the community of Muslims, those practicing Islam, or of the ulema, those learned in the relevant topic. ... Consensus has two common meanings. ... Ummah (أمة) is an Arabic and Islamic word that means community or nation. ... Ulema (Arabic: علماء) is the community of legal scholars of Islam and the Sharia. ... Sharia (Arabic شريعة also Sharia, Shariah or Syariah) is traditional Islamic law. ... Ijtihad is a technical term of the Islamic law that describes the process of making a legal decision by independent interpretation of the sources of the law, the Quran and the Sunna. ... Knowledge is the awareness and understanding of facts, truths or information gained in the form of experience or learning (a posteriori), or through introspection (a priori). ... // What is science? There are different theories of what science is. ... Imam is an Arabic word meaning Leader. The ruler of a country might be called the Imam, for example. ... Shia Islam ( Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite or Shiite) is the second largest Islamic denomination; some 20-25% of all Muslims are said to follow a Shia tradition. ... The Imamate was the state built up by the imams of Dagestan during the early and middle of the nineteenth century in the Eastern Caucasus, especially in Chechnya and Dagestan, to fight against the invasion of the Russian Empire. ... The Imamate was the state built up by the imams of Dagestan during the early and middle of the nineteenth century in the Eastern Caucasus, especially in Chechnya and Dagestan, to fight against the invasion of the Russian Empire. ... For information about the model, see Iman Abdulmajid. ... The Injil (the Arabic word for the Christian Gospels, from the Greek evangel) is, according to Islam, one of the three holy books revealed by Allah prior to the Quran - the others being the Zabur (Psalms) and the Tawrat (Torah). ... ISA stands for In Althusserian Marxism, an ideological state apparatus. Infectious salmon anemia, a viral disease of salmon. ... The New Testament, sometimes called the Greek Testament or Greek Scriptures is the name given to the part of the Christian Bible that was written after the birth of Jesus. ... For the genre of Christian-themed music, see gospel music. ... InshaAllah (ان شاء الله ) is an Arabic phrase evoked by Muslims to indicate hope for an aforementioned event to occur in the future. ... The word iqama (Arabic: إقامة) refers to the second call to Islamic Prayer, given immediately before the prayer begins. ... Isha is the nighttime prayer said by observant Muslims when the sun has completely set; it may be prayed on time until sunrise, but is preferably prayed before midnight. ... Islam   listen? (Arabic: al-islām) the submission to God is a monotheistic faith, one of the Abrahamic religions, and the worlds second largest religion. ... The isnad (Arabic) are the citations or backings that establish the legitimacy of the hadith, which are the sayings of Muhammad, Prophet of Islam. ... Hadith (Arabic: , Arabic pl. ... The isnad (Arabic) are the citations or backings that establish the legitimacy of the hadith, which are the sayings of Muhammad, Prophet of Islam. ... Hadith (Arabic: , Arabic pl. ... A citation is a credit or reference to another document or source which documents both influence and authority. ... Muhammad is a common male name for Muslims. ... Isra is an Arabic word referring to what Muslims regard as Muhammads miraculous night journey from Mecca to Jerusalem - specifically, to the site of Masjid al-Aqsa - alluded to in Surat Al-Isra 1: سبحان الذي أسرى بعبده ليلاً من المسجد الحرام إلى المسجد الأقصى الذي باركنا حوله Glory... Istislah (to deem proper) a norm employed by Muslim jurists to solve perplexing problems that find no clear answer in sacred religious texts. ... Sharia (Arabic شريعة also Sharia, Shariah or Syariah) is traditional Islamic law. ...

J

Jahannam 

the Hell-fire; Hell

Jahiliya (الجاهليّة) 

the time of ignorance before Islam was realized. Describes polytheistic religions.

Jahl 

ignorance, arrogance

Jamia (جامعة) 

"gathering"; i.e. a university, a mosque, or more generally, a community or association.

Janaza 

funeral prayer

Jannah 

Paradise, Heaven, the Garden

Jazakallahu Khayran 

"May Allah reward you for the good." Islamic expression of gratitude.

Jilbab (جلباب) 

long outergarment

Jihad (جهاد) 

struggle. Any earnest striving in the way of Allah, involving personal, physical, intellectual or military effort, for righteousness and against wrong-doing;

"Lesser Jihad": fighting to protect Islam from attack or oppression. In such fighting, no woman, child or innocent civilian is to be harmed, and no tree is to be cut down. Shi'as believe that only Prophet Muhammad and the twelve Imams had authority to declare positive jihad of the lesser kind.

"Greater Jihad": internal struggle for the soul (nafs) against evil, e.g. to overcome the temptation to sleep when it is time to pray the morning prayer is a greater jihad.

Jinn (جنّ) 

An invisible being of fire

Jumuah (جمعة) 

Friday prayer

Juz' (جزء) 

one of thirty parts of the Qur'an

In Islam, Jahannam is hell. ... Jahiliya (Ignorance) refers to the time of pagan Arabs preceding Islam. ... In Islamic eschatology, Jannah is a place where Muslims believe they will go after death, if they have been loyal to Allah. ... Jihad (ǧihād جهاد) is an Islamic term, from the Arabic root ǧhd (to exert utmost effort, to strive, struggle), which connotes a wide range of meanings: anything from an inward spiritual struggle to attain perfect faith to a struggle a political or military struggle to further the Islamic cause. ... The Seal of Solomon is said to have given Sulayman power over the jinn. ... A juz (جزء, plural ajza, اجزاء) is one of thirty parts of roughly equal length into which the Quran is divided for the purpose of reciting the entire text in one month. ...

K

Ka'bah 

cube; the cube-shaped altar in Mecca toward which Muslims pray.

Kafir (كافر) 

from the word kafara - "to hide." Those who deliberately hide the truth; unbelievers, truth-concealers; one who is ungrateful. Plural: Kaffirun.

Kalam (علم الكلم) 

Islamic theology

Khalifa (خليفة) 

Caliph, more generally, one performing the duties of khilafa.

Khatib 

the speaker at the Friday Muslim prayer, or Jumu'ah prayer

Khayr 

goodness, virtue, wealth

Khilafa (خلافة) 

Man's trusteeship and stewardship of Earth; Most basic theory of the Caliphate; Flora and fauna as sacred trust; Accountability to God for harms to nature, failure to actively care and maintain. Three specific ways in which khalifa is manifested in Muslim practice are the creation of haram to protect water, hima to protect other species (including those useful to man), and by resisting infidel domination over Muslim lands, in jihad.

Kharaj (خراج) 

a land tax

Khums (خمس) 

a Shi'a article of faith that refers to a one-fifth tax, divided between Sehme Sadaat, a poor sayyid, and Sehme Imam, given to a Mujtahid

Khutbah 

the sermon at Jumu'ah prayer

Kitab 

book; The Qur'an is often referred to as "Al-Kitab"

Kufr (كفر) 

In Arabic - ungratefulness and disbelief. Islamically speaking, disbelief in God and denial of the truth.

Kun 

"Be!" God's command to the universe, 'Be!' and it is.

The Kaaba or Kaabah, is a building located inside the mosque known as Masjid al Haram in Mecca (Makkah). ... see kaffir lime for the condiment, kaffir for the derogatory Afrikaans term for native Africans. ... Kalam in Arabic means speech or discourse and refers to the Islamic tradition of seeking theological principles through dialectic. ... In common use, Khalifa is the Arabic word translated into English as Caliph. ... Caliph is the term or title for the Islamic leader of the Ummah, or community of Islam. ... The Khātīb is an Islamic term used to descibed the person who delivers the khutba, or sermon, during the Friday or Id prayers. ... In common law legal systems, a trust is a relationship in which a person or entity (the trustee) has legal control over certain property (the trust property or trust corpus), but is bound by fiduciary duty to exercise that legal control for the benefit of someone else (the beneficiary), according... In general stewardship is responsibility for taking good care of resources entrusted to one. ... Earth, also known as the Earth, Terra, and (mostly in the 19th century) Tellus, is the third planet outward from the Sun. ... An Anglicized/Latinized version of the Arabic word خليفة or Khalīfah, Caliph (  listen?) is the term or title for the Islamic leader of the Ummah, or community of Islam. ... This article covers the word as used in Islamic urban planning. ... Hima means (is Arabic for) inviolate zones solely for the conservation of natural capital, typically fields, wildlife and forests (contrast haram to protect areas for more immediate human purposes). ... Jihad (ǧihād جهاد) is an Islamic term, from the Arabic root ǧhd (to exert utmost effort, to strive, struggle), which connotes a wide range of meanings: anything from an inward spiritual struggle to attain perfect faith to a struggle a political or military struggle to further the Islamic cause. ... In Islamic law, kharaj is a tax on land, specifically agricultural land. ... Khums (derived from the Arabic خمس or five) is a Shia article of faith that refers to a one-fifth tax, which all adult Muslims who are financially secure and have surplus in their income normally have to pay on annual savings, net commercial profits, and all moveable and... Sayyid (Arabic: سید also rendered as Sayed, in Malaysia and South Asia, also Syed, or Saiyed) is an honorific title often given to descendants of Muhammad through his grandsons, Hussain and Hassan. ... ijtihad is a technical term of the Islamic law and means the process of making a legal decision by independent interpretation of the sources of the law, the Quran and the Sunna. ... Khutba is an Islamic sermon delivered after or before Salah. ... see kaffir lime for the condiment, kaffir for the derogatory Afrikaans term for native Africans. ...

L

Laghw 

Dirty, false, evil vain talk

La ilaha illallah 

"There is no god (ilah) except God (Allah)." The most important expression in Islam. It is part of the first pillar of Islam.

la'nat (لعنة) 

curse

Laylat al-Qadr 

the Night of Power, towards the end of Ramadan, when Muhammad received the first revelation of the Qur'an.

There is also a town called Shāhāda, which is now in Nandurbār district (formerly in Dhule district) in the northwest corner of Maharashtra state in India. ... Laylat ul-Qadr (Night of Power) is the anniversary of the night on which, according to Islam, the Quran was first communicated to Muhammad (see surat Iqra. ...

M

Madhab (مذهب) 

school of religious jurisprudence, school of thought

Madrasa (مدرسة) 

school, university

Maghrib 

the fourth daily salah prayer

Mahdi (مهدي) 

"a guide". More specifically al-Mahdi (the guide) is a figure who will appear with Prophet Jesus before the end of time, when God allows it, to bring world peace, order and justice, after it has been overcome with injustice and aggression. The Shi'as regard the twelth Imam as the Mahdi. The Sunnis regard someone else as the Mahdi.

Mahram (محرم) 

a relative of the opposite gender usually described as being "within the forbidden limits"; a better description is "within the protected limits". means relatives who one can appear before without observing hijab and who one cannot marry.

Makrouh 

Though not haram (forbidden), something that is disliked or offensive.

Malaikah 

angels

Mandoub 

recommended, but not required

Manzil 

one of seven parts of the Qur'an

Ma'ruf (معروف) 

consensus of the community

Maqasid 

goals or purposes; such as the purposes of Islamic law

Masha Allah (ما شاء الله) 

God has willed it.

Masih 

the Messiah, Jesus Christ.

Masjid 

place of prayer; mosque

Masum 

a person who does not commit sins, does not make mistakes, does not forget, etc. although he/she does have the choice to commit sins. The Shi'as regard the Prophet Muhammad, his daughter Fatimah, and the twelve Imams to be the fourteen Masumin.

Me'ad 

the Resurrection; God will resurrect all of humankind to be judged. Shi'as regard this as the fifth Pillar of Islam.

Mecca (مكّة) 

the holiest city in Islam

Medina 

"city"; Medinat-un-Nabi means "the City of the Prophet." See hijrah.

Mihrab 

a niche in the wall of all mosques, indicating the direction of prayer

Minaret 

a tower built onto a mosque from the top of which the call to prayer is made

Minbar (منبر) 

a pulpit in the mosque where the Imam stands to deliver sermons

Minhaj 

methodology, e.g. methods, rules, system, procedures.

Miraj (المعراج) 

the Ascension to the Seven Heavens during the Night Journey See also: isra

Mizan 

balance; as in moderation

Mu'awwidhatayn (المعوذتين) 

suras Al-Falaq and an-Nas, the "suras of refuge"

Mubah 

Neither forbidden nor commended. Neutral.

Muhajabah 

woman who wears hijab

Muhammadun rasulullah 

"Muhammad is the messenger of Allah." This statement is the second part of the first pillar of Islam. This is the second most important statement in Islam.

Muezzin 

a person who performs the call to prayer

Mujahid (مجاهد) 

a fighter for Islam. Plural mujahideen.

Mujtahid 

a scholar who uses reason for the purpose of forming an opinion or making a ruling on a religious issue. Plural: Mujtahidun.

Moh'min 

believer

Munafiq 

hypocrite. Plural: Munafiqun

Munaqabah 

woman who wears niqab

Murshid (مرشد) 

a Sufi teacher

Muslim 

Someone that has said the Shahada.

Mut'ah 

joy, a type of marriage or a practice between Umrah and Hajj.

Madhhab(مذهب) (Madhahib, pl) is an Islamic term that refers to a school of thought or religious jurisprudence (fiqh) within Sunni Islam. ... Madrassa in the Gambia The word madrassa in the Arabic language (and other languages of the Islamic nations such as Persian, Turkish, Indonesian etc. ... You may be looking for The Maghreb, a region covering most of North Africa. ... Salah (also known as salat, solat, solah and several other spellings) (Arabic: صلاة, Quranic Arabic: صلوة) is one of the Five Pillars of Islam. ... The Mahdi (also Mehdi, Mihdi), in Islamic eschatology, is a prophecy about a redeemer of Islam, who will change the world into a perfect society just before Yaum al-Qiyamah (the end times). ... In Islamic sharia legal terminology, a mahram, mahrim or maharem is an unmarriageable kin with whom sexual intercourse would be considered incestuous, a punishable taboo. ... Iraqi girl Hijab is the word used in the Islamic context for the practice of dressing modestly, which all practicing Muslims past the age of puberty are instructed to do in their holy book, the Quran. ... See angels ... A manzil (منزل, plural manazil, منازل) is one of seven parts of roughly equal length into which the Quran is divided for the purpose of reciting the entire text in one week. ... Maruf (معروف) is a Quranic Arabic word meaning: that which is commonly - known understood recognized acknowledged accepted The word is most often found in the Quranic exhortation This is often translated as Command the good and forbid the evil but this translation fails to reflect the subtleties of... Phrases containing Allah Allah is Arabic for God and is the only god (monotheism) in the religion of Islam. ... A mosque is a place of worship for followers of the Islamic faith. ... Shia Islam ( Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite or Shiite) is the second largest Islamic denomination; some 20-25% of all Muslims are said to follow a Shia tradition. ... Muhammad is a common male name for Muslims. ... Fātima was originally an Arabic name, meaning She who weans, being the name of the only proved surviving child of the prophet Muhammad; after the advent of Islam it became a common Muslim name for women. ... The religion of Islam consists of faith (إيمان, Ä«mān) and practice (دين, dÄ«n). ... This article is about the holy city in Saudi Arabia. ... Islam   listen? (Arabic: al-islām) the submission to God is a monotheistic faith, one of the Abrahamic religions, and the worlds second largest religion. ... This article is about the Saudi city of Medina. ... Hijra may refer to: Hijra (Hegira/Hijrah/Hejira) is an Arabic term referring to the migration of the Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622. ... Mihrab (in Persian مهراب or محراب, in Arabic ألمحراب pl. ... Mosque in Aswan, Egypt, with minarets. ... A Minbar (Arabic: منبر) is a pulpit in the mosque where the Imam (leader of prayer) stands to deliver sermons (khutbah خطبه ). The minbar is usually shaped as a small tower with a pointed roof and with a stair leading up to it. ... Isra is an Arabic word referring to what Muslims regard as Muhammads miraculous night journey from Mecca to Jerusalem - specifically, to the site of Masjid al-Aqsa - alluded to in Surat Al-Isra 1: سبحان الذي أسرى بعبده ليلاً من المسجد الحرام إلى المسجد الأقصى الذي باركنا حوله Glory... The muawwadhitayn (المعوذتين), sometimes translated suras of refuge, is an Arabic term referring to suras al-Falaq and an-Nas of the Quran, two consecutive short prayers which begin Say: I seek refuge in the Lord. ... Surat Al-Falaq (Dawn, Daybreak) is the 113th Sura of the Quran. ... Surat an-Nas (Mankind) is the 114th and last sura of the Quran. ... Mubah is an Islamic Arabic term denoting an action as neither forbidden nor commended; neutral. ... Iraqi girl Hijab is the word used in the Islamic context for the practice of dressing modestly, which all practicing Muslims past the age of puberty are instructed to do in their holy book, the Quran. ... Muhammadun rasulullah literally means Muhammad is the messenger of Allah. ... The müezzin (the word is pronounced this way Turkish, Urdu, etc. ... Mujahideen (مجاهدين; also transliterated as mujāhidīn, mujahedeen, mujahedin, mujahidin, mujaheddin, etc. ... Mujahideen (مجاهدين; also transliterated as mujāhidīn, mujahedeen, mujahedin, mujahidin, mujaheddin, etc. ... ijtihad is a technical term of the Islamic law and means the process of making a legal decision by independent interpretation of the sources of the law, the Quran and the Sunna. ... Mohmin is an Arabic Islamic term, frequently referenced in the Quran, meaning beliver and denotes a Muslim that has complete submission to the will of God (Allah), and has faith firmly established in his heart. ... Munafiq is a term in Islam used to describe a hypocrite, who while outwardly practicing the forms of Islam, inwardly conceals (perhaps even unknowingly) kufr; considered worse than a kafir. ... A niqab is a veil which covers the face, as worn by some Muslim women. ... A Murshid is the teacher and guide to his disciples (Mureedh). ... A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم) is a believer in or follower of Islam. ... There is also a town called Shāhāda, which is now in Nandurbār district (formerly in Dhule district) in the northwest corner of Maharashtra state in India. ... Mutah is a Arabic term meaning joy. Mutah in itself is also an Islamic Term that denotes two other Islamic terms: Nikah Mutah — The second Quranic Marriage form. ...

N

Nabi 

prophet. Plural: Anbiya.

Nafs (النفس) 

soul, one's self

Nahw (النحو) 

Arabic grammar

Najaassa 

Impurity

Nakir and Munkar 

two malaikah who test the faith of the dead in their graves

Nasraani 

Christian

Nifaq 

falsehood; dishonesty

Niqab (نقاب) 

veil covering the face

Niyah 

intention

Naseeha 

advice

Nass (نصّ) 

a known, clear legal injunction

Nubuwwah (نبوّة) 

prophethood. Shi'as regard this as the third Pillar of Islam.

Noor 

light. Muslims believe angels were created from light.

In numerous religions, including Abrahamic religions, Jah religions, Sikhism, and many forms of Paganism, a prophet is an intermediary with a deity, particularly someone who claims to speak for the deity or interprets the deitys will or mind. ... Munkar and Nakeer, in Islamic eschatology, are two malaikah (angels) who test the faith of the dead in their graves. ... See angels ... A niqab is a veil which covers the face, as worn by some Muslim women. ... Frances Perkins wearing a veil after the death of president Roosevelt Veils are articles of clothing, worn almost exclusively by women, which cover some part of the head or face. ... The religion of Islam consists of faith (إيمان, īmān) and practice (دين, dīn). ... This page is a candidate to be moved to Wiktionary. ...

P

Purda (پردة) 

not an Arabic term; means "curtain" in Persian. Metaphorically refers to the practice of secluding women.

Purda is an Islamic term that has come into common usage in Arabic, though it is not an Arabic word, it is in fact a Persian one. ...

Q

Qadar 

destiny

Qadi (قادي) 

judge of Islamic Law

Qiblah 

the direction Muslims face during prayer

Qiyamah 

resurrection; return of the dead for the Day of Judgment

Qiyas (القياس) 

analogy - foundation of legal reasoning and thus fiqh

Qudsi 

classification of a hadith that are believed to be narrated by Muhammad from God.

Qur'an (القرآن) 

Muslims believe that the Qur'an is the literal word of God and culmination of God's revelation to mankind, revealed to Muhammad in the year 610 A.D.

Qadar is Fate or Divine Destiny, one of the articles of Islamic Faith. ... In the Islamic world, Qadi Arabic قاضى is a judge. In countries where Sharia, the traditional law interpreted from the Quran or the Hadith, is the law, qadi refers to a judge according to the Sharia. ... A judge or justice is an appointed or elected official who presides over a court. ... Sharia (Arabic شريعة also Sharia, Shariah or Syariah) is traditional Islamic law. ... The Kaaba or Kaaba, in the mosque known as Masjid al Haram in Mecca (Makkah), is the holiest place in Islam. ... Yaum al-Qiyâmah (يوم القيامة; literally: Day of the Resurrection (Quran 71. ... In Sunni Islamic jurisprudence, Qiyas is the process of analogical reasoning from a known injunction (nass) to a new injunction. ... Islamic jurisprudence, Fiqh (in Arabic and Persian: فقه) is made up of the rulings of Islamic scholars to direct the lives of the Muslim faithful. ... The Quran (Arabic: al-qurān literally the recitation; also called Al Qurān Al KarÄ«m or The Noble Quran; or transliterated Quran, Koran, and less commonly Alcoran) is the holy book of Islam. ... A Muslim is a believer in or follower of Islam. ... Muhammad is a common male name for Muslims. ...

R

Rabb 

Lord, Sustainer, Cherisher, Master.

Rahman 

Merciful; Ar-Rahman means "The Most Merciful"

Rahim 

compassionate; Ar-Rahim means "The Most Compassionate" as in the Basmala

Ra'i 

personal opinion

Rakaat 

one unit of Islamic prayer, or Salat. Each daily prayer is made up of a different number of rakaat.

Rasul 

messenger; Unlike prophets, messengers bring a major revelation from God.

Risalah 

prophethood

Risalat 

divine Message

Ruh 

spirit; the divine breath which God blew into the clay of Adam.

Rukn 

the five pillars of the Islamic faith, also arkan.

Ruk'u 

the bowing performed during Muslim prayer

Basmala - the phrase bismi-llāhi ar-raḥmāni ar-raḥīmi, is the first verse in the Quran. ... The Arabic word rakaah (pl. ... Salah (other terms and spellings exist) (Arabic: صلاه , Old (Quran) Arabic: صلوة ) is one of the Five Pillars of Islam. ... The Arabic word rakaah (pl. ... The Quran identifies a number of men as prophets of Islam. ...

S

Sabr 

patience, endurance, self-restraint

Sadaqah 

charity; voluntary alms

Sahabah 

companions of Muhammad

Sahih 

"Sound in isnad." A technical attribute applied to the "isnad" of a hadith.

Sajda 

prostration

Salaf (ﺢﻟﺎﺼﻟﺍ ﻒﻠﺴﻟﺍ) 

(righteous) predecessors/ancestors. In Islam, Salaf is generally used to refer to the first three generations of Muslims.

Salah (صلاة) or salat 

any one of the 5 daily obligatory prayers. Sunnis regard this as the second Pillar of Islam

Salaam (سلام) 

peace

Salat (صلاة) 

the 1st salah prayer

Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam 

"May the blessings and the peace of Allah be upon him." Expression typically used after stating the names of prophets and messengers.

Samad 

eternal, absolute; Muslims believe God is "The Eternal."

Salsabil 

a river in heaven (al-firdaus)

Sawm (صَوم) 

fasting during the month of Ramadhan.

Sayyid (سيّد) 

a descendent of a relative (because all his sons Qasim, Abdullah, and Ibraheem or Abraham died before having children) to Muhammad (peace be upon him)

Sema 

refer to some of the ceremonies used by various sufi orders

Shahadah (الشهادة) 

The expression of faith: La ilaha illa Allah. Muhammadun rasulullah. ("There is no god but God. Muhammad is the messenger of God."). Sunnis regard this as the first Pillar of Islam

Shaheed (شهيد) 

"witness". More specifically refers to a person killed whilst striving in Islam, a martyr. Often used in modern times for deaths in a political cause (including victims of soldiers, deaths in battle, suicide bombers, etc.)

Shaikh (شيخ) 

a spiritual master

Sharia/shariah (الشريعة) 

"the path to a watering hole"; the eternal ethical code and moral code based on the Qur'an and Sunnah; basis of fiqh

Sharif (شريف) 

a title bestowed upon the descendants of Muhammad through his grandson, Imam Hassan

Shaytan 

Satan, the Devil. Also known as Iblis.

Sheqaq 

selfishness

Shi'a (الشيعة) 

a follower of Prophet Muhammad and his successors (the twelve Imams), the first being Ali. Shi'as constitute the second largest sect in Islam.

Shirk (شرك) 

idolatry; polytheism; the sin of believing in any divinity except Allah and of associating other gods with Allah.

Shukr 

gratitude

Shura (شورى) 

consultation

majlis ash-shura (مجلس الشورى) 

advisory council

Sira (السيرة) 

life or biography of the Prophet Muhammad; his moral example - with hadith this comprises the sunnah

Sirat al-Mustaqim 

the Straight Path

Subhanahu wa ta'ala 

expression Muslims use whenever the name of Allah is pronounced or written.

Sufi (صوفي) 

a Muslim mystic; Sufism (tasawwuf) is a fairly recent sect in Islam.

Suhoor 

the meal eaten by fasting Muslims just before dawn.

Sunnah (السنّة) or sunnah al-Nabi (سنّة النبي) 

the "path" or "example" of the Prophet Muhammad, i.e., what the Prophet did or said or agreed to during his life. He is considered by Muslims to be the best human moral example, the best man to follow.

Sunni (سنّي) 

the largest sect in Islam, having no single central authority

Sura (سورة) 

chapter; the Qur'an is comprised of 114 suras

In the Islamic religion, the Sahaba (Asahaaba,الصحابه) are the companions of the Prophet Muhammad. ... Salaf or Salaf al-Salih (Arabic: ﺢﻟﺎﺼﻟﺍ ﻒﻠﺴﻟﺍ) can be variously translated as (righteous) predecessors or (righteous) ancestors. ... Salah (also known as salat, solat, solah and several other spellings) (Arabic: صلاة, Quranic Arabic: صلوة) is one of the Five Pillars of Islam. ... The religion of Islam consists of faith (إيمان, Ä«mān) and practice (دين, dÄ«n). ... Salaam (Arabic: سلام) is an Arabic word that literally means peace. ... Salah (other terms and spellings exist) (Arabic: صلاه , Old (Quran) Arabic: صلوة ) is one of the Five Pillars of Islam. ... Peace be upon him (Arabic: صلى الله عليه وسلم; salla Allahu alayhi wa sallam, also transliterated as sallalahu aleyhi wasallam) is a phrase that Muslims often say after mentioning the name of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. ... According to Quran - Islams holy book, Salsabil is the name of a river in heaven. ... Ramadan or Ramadhan (Arabic: رمضان ) is the ninth month of the Islamic year. ... Ramadan or Ramadhan (Arabic: رمضان ) is the ninth month of the Islamic year. ... Sayyid (Arabic: سید also rendered as Sayed, in Malaysia and South Asia, also Syed, or Saiyed) is an honorific title often given to descendants of Muhammad through his grandsons, Hussain and Hassan. ... Sufism (Arabic تصوف tasÌ£awwuf) is the school of esoteric philosophy in Islam, which is based on the pursuit of spiritual truth as a definite goal to attain. ... See Shahada (India) for the Indian town called Shahada. ... The religion of Islam consists of faith (إيمان, Ä«mān) and practice (دين, dÄ«n). ... Historically, a martyr is a person who dies for his or her religious faith. ... A suicide bombing is a bomb attack on people or property, committed by a person who knows the explosion will cause his or her own death in addition to the attacks primary purpose (see suicide, suicide weapons). ... Shaikh (شيخ, also rendered as Sheik, Shaykh or Sheikh) is a word in the Arabic language meaning an elder or a revered old man. ... Sharia (Arabic: ; also SharÄ«ah, Sharia, Shariah or Syariah) is traditional Islamic law, also known as Allahs Law. ... Sharia (Arabic شريعة also Sharia, Shariah or Syariah) is traditional Islamic law. ... This page is a candidate to be moved to Wiktionary. ... Moral codes (see Morality) are often complex statements of right and wrong. ... The Quran (Arabic: al-qurān literally the recitation; also called Al Qurān Al KarÄ«m or The Noble Quran; or transliterated Quran, Koran, and less commonly Alcoran) is the holy book of Islam. ... Sunna redirects to here, which can also refer to Sunne or Frau Sonne, a Scandinavian sun goddess, also known as Sol. ... Islamic jurisprudence, Fiqh (in Arabic and Persian: فقه) is made up of the rulings of Islamic scholars to direct the lives of the Muslim faithful. ... A Sharif is a traditional Arab tribal title given to those to serve as the protector of the tribe and all tribal assets, property, land, wells etc. ... Shaitan (شيطان) is the Arabic word for Adversary, except in different contexts, the word is translated subversely as Separator. It could possibly be a derivation of from שָׂטָן (Hebrew) Satan. ... In Islam, Iblīs (Arabic إبليس), or Enais is the devil of the Christian and Jewish faiths called Satan or Lucifer. ... Shia Islam ( Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite or Shiite) is the second largest Islamic denomination; some 20-25% of all Muslims are said to follow a Shia tradition. ... Ali ibn Abu Talib (Arabic: ) (c. ... Shirk is the Islamic concept of the sin of idolatry. ... Shura is an Arabic word for consultation; specifically the duty in Sharia (Islamic law) of the ruler to consult his followers in making decisions. ... This article is not about the group of British engineering companies called Sira; see Sira (group of British companies). ... Muhammad is a common male name for Muslims. ... Moral example is trust in the moral core of another, a role model, without the obvious mediation of any theory or language. ... Hadith (Arabic: , Arabic pl. ... Sunna redirects to here, which can also refer to Sunne or Frau Sonne, a Scandinavian sun goddess, also known as Sol. ... S.W.T. appears often after the name of Allah in Islamic texts. ... Sufism (Arabic تصوف taṣawwuf) is a system of esoteric philosophy commonly associated with Islam. ... Sufism (Arabic تصوف tasÌ£awwuf) is the school of esoteric philosophy in Islam, which is based on the pursuit of spiritual truth as a definite goal to attain. ... Suhoor is the Arabic name given to the meal eaten early in the morning by Muslims before fasting in daylight hours during Ramadan. ... Sunna redirects to here, which can also refer to Sunne or Frau Sonne, a Scandinavian sun goddess, also known as Sol. ... Sunna redirects to here, which can also refer to Sunne or Frau Sonne, a Scandinavian sun goddess, also known as Sol. ... Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ... See also: Sura (disambiguation). ... The Quran (Arabic: al-qurān literally the recitation; also called Al Qurān Al KarÄ«m or The Noble Quran; or transliterated Quran, Koran, and less commonly Alcoran) is the holy book of Islam. ...

T

Taba'een 

followers of the Sahabah

Tafsir (تفسير) 

exegesis, particularly such commentary on the Qur'an

Taghut 

impurity; anything worshipped other than God, i.e. all the false deities.

Tahajjud 

optional, late night prayer

Taharah 

purification from ritual impurities by means of wudu or ghusl

Tahir 

pure, ritually clean

Tajdid 

to purify and reform society in order to move it toward greater equity and justice

Tajwid (تجويد) 

a special manner of reciting the Qur'an according to prescribed rules of pronunciation and intonation.

Takbir 

a proclamation of the greatness of Allah; a Muslim invocation.

Takfeer 

to declare kufr (disbelief) about a non-Muslim or Muslim or to denounce them as disbelievers.

Taqlid (تقليد) 

to blindly follow a person whose following is not based on proof and does not rely upon knowledge.

Taqiyya (تقيّة) 

the mostly Shi'a principle that one is allowed to hide one's true beliefs in certain circumstances.

Taqwa 

righteousness; goodness

Tarawih 

tarawih prayers are extra prayers in Ramadan after the Isha prayer.

Tarkib

Tariqa (طريقة) 

a Muslim religious order, particularly a Sufi order

Tartil (ترتيل) 

slow and measured (meditative) recitation of the Qur'an

Tawbah 

repentance

Tasawwuf (التصوّف) or Sufism

Tawaf 

circumambulating the Ka'bah during Hajj.

Tawheed (توحيد) 

monotheism; affirmation of the Oneness of God. Muslims regard this as the first part of the Pillar of Islam, the second part is accepting Muhammad as Messenger. The opposite of Tawheed is shirk

Tayyib 

all that is good as regards things, deeds, beliefs, persons, foods, etc.

Preceded by Sahaba // Sunni view shia view Here is a list of their aproximate status in the general shia view: strong positive Famous: positive status Famous: Less famous Umm Khultum binte Ali Said ibn Jubair neutral status Famous: negative status Famous: strong negative Famous: Yazid Ibn Muawiya (insert motivation) Al... In the Islamic religion, the Sahaba (Asahaaba,الصحابه) are the companions of the Prophet Muhammad. ... A tafsir (tafsÄ«r تفسير, also transliterated tafseer, Arabic explanation) is Quranic exegesis or commentary. ... This article discusses textual hermeneutics. ... People washing before prayer at the Badshahi mosque in Lahore, Pakistan Wodoo is washing parts of the body, in clean water, as a part of the preparation for the daily prayer, Salah. ... Ghusl (Arabic: غسل) refers to the full ablution in Islam. ... This article is about the notable Arabic phrase. ... Taqlid literally means to follow (someone), to imitate. In Islamic legal terminology it means to follow a mujtahid in religious laws and commandment as he has derived them. ... In Shia Islamic tradition, Taqiyya (التقية) is the dissimulation of one’s religious beliefs when one fears for ones life, the lives of ones family members, or for the preservation of the faith. ... Categories: Move to Wiktionary | Substubs | Islam ... Tarawih (Arabic: تراويح) prayers are extra prayers given at night in the Islamic month of Ramadan. ... This article is in need of attention. ... A religious order is an organization of people who live in some way set apart from society in accordance with religious devotion. ... Sufism (Arabic تصوف tasÌ£awwuf) is the school of esoteric philosophy in Islam, which is based on the pursuit of spiritual truth as a definite goal to attain. ... The Quran (Arabic: al-qurān literally the recitation; also called Al Qurān Al KarÄ«m or The Noble Quran; or transliterated Quran, Koran, and less commonly Alcoran) is the holy book of Islam. ... Tawbah is an Islamic phrase meaning repentance or return to Allah. ... Sufism (Arabic تصوف tasÌ£awwuf) is the school of esoteric philosophy in Islam, which is based on the pursuit of spiritual truth as a definite goal to attain. ... Sufism (Arabic تصوف tasÌ£awwuf) is the school of esoteric philosophy in Islam, which is based on the pursuit of spiritual truth as a definite goal to attain. ... Tawhid (توحيد), meaning declaring God one, is the Islamic concept of monotheism. ... Monotheism (in Greek monon = single and Theos = God) is the belief in a single, universal, all-encompassing deity. ... The religion of Islam consists of faith (إيمان, Ä«mān) and practice (دين, dÄ«n). ... This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

U

Ulema (علماء) or ulama 

the leaders of Islamic society, including teachers, Imams and judges. Singular alim.

Umm 

mother of

Ummah (الاُمّة) or umma 

the global community of all Muslim believers; international personhood of Islam

Umrah 

the lesser pilgrimmage performed in Mecca. Unlike hajj, umrah can be performed throughout the year.

Uns 

intimacy

Urf (عرف) 

custom of a given society, leading to change in the fiqh

Ustadh 

Teacher

Usul al-Fiqh 

the study of the origins and practice of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh)

Ulema (Arabic: علماء) is the community of legal scholars of Islam and the Sharia. ... Ulema (Arabic: علماء) is the community of legal scholars of Islam and the Sharia. ... Ummah (أمة) is an Arabic and Islamic word that means community or nation. ... The Hajj or Haj is the Pilgrimage to Mecca (or, Makkah) and is the fifth of the Five Pillars of Islam. Every able-bodied Muslim who can afford to do so is obliged to make the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime. ... Urf العرف is an Arabic term reffering to the custom, or knowledge, of a given society, leading to change in the fiqh فقه (Islamic jurisprudence). ... Islamic jurisprudence, Fiqh (in Arabic and Persian: فقه) is made up of the rulings of Islamic scholars to direct the lives of the Muslim faithful. ... Islamic jurisprudence, Fiqh (in Arabic and Persian: فقه) is made up of the rulings of Islamic scholars to direct the lives of the Muslim faithful. ...

Y

Yaqin 

certainty, that which is certain

Yaum Al-Qiyâmah (يوم القيامة) 

"Day of the Resurrection"; Day of Judgement

Yaum al-Qiyâmah (يوم القيامة; literally: Day of the Resurrection (Quran 71. ...

W

Wahdat al-wujud (وحدة الوجود) 

"unity of being". Philosophical term used by some Sufis. Related to fana

Wahy 

revelation or inspiration of Allah to his prophets for all humankind

Wali 

friend, protector, guardian, supporter, helper

Warraq (ورّاق) 

traditional scribe, publisher, printer, notary and book copier

Wasat 

the middle way, justly balanced, avoiding extremes, moderation

Witr 

a voluntary, optional night prayer of three rakaat

Wudu 

ablution for ritual purification from minor impurities before salat

Sufism (Arabic تصوف taṣawwuf) is a system of esoteric philosophy commonly associated with Islam. ... Fana is a borough of the city of Bergen, Norway. ... In the spritual tradition of Islam, a Wali (lit. ... Witr is an optional Muslim prayer yet that can be said at night between Ishaa (night) and Fajr (morning) prayers. ... The Arabic word rakaah (pl. ... People washing before prayer at the Badshahi mosque in Lahore, Pakistan Wodoo is washing parts of the body, in clean water, as a part of the preparation for the daily prayer, Salah. ... Salah (other terms and spellings exist) (Arabic: صلاه , Old (Quran) Arabic: صلوة ) is one of the Five Pillars of Islam. ...

Z

Zabur 

the Psalms revealed to King David

Zakat (زكاة) 

tax, alms, tithe as a Muslim duty; Sunnis regard this as the fourth Pillar of Islam. Neither charity nor derived from Islamic economics, but a religious duty and social obligation.

Zalimun 

polytheists, wrong-doers, and unjust.

Zanadiqa 

athiests

Zina (زناء , زنى) 

sexual activity outside of marriage (covering the English words adultery and fornication)

The Zabur, equated by some scholars with (Psalms) is, according to Islam, one of the holy books revealed by Allah prior to the Quran (the others being Tawrat (Torah) and Injil (Gospels). ... Zakât (or Zakaat or Zakah) (Arabic: زكاة, Old (Quran) Arabic: زكوة) is the third of the Five Pillars of Islam. ... Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ... The religion of Islam consists of faith (إيمان, Ä«mān) and practice (دين, dÄ«n). ... Islamic economics is economics in accordance with Islamic law. ... Zina is the Arabic word(زنا) for extramarital or premarital sex. ... Adultery is generally defined as consensual sexual intercourse by a married person with someone other than their lawful spouse. ...

Notes

• Wikipedia is not a general Arabic-to-English dictionary. The list above includes only those concepts sufficiently specific to Islam or Muslim culture to merit their own full articles. There is an English/Arabic dictionary on wiktionary.
• Arabic words are created from three-letter "roots" which convey a basic idea. For example, k-t-b conveys the idea of writing. Addition of other letters before, between, and after the root letters produces many associated words: not only "write" but also "book", "office", "library", and "author". The root word for Islam is s-l-m.
• The English word algorithm is derived from the name of the inventor of algebra - an Arabic word like alchemy, alcohol, azimuth, nadir, zenith and oasis, which mean the same as in English.Arabic numerals are what we use in English ("0", "1", "2",...). The modern Arabs in Arabia generally use the Hindi numerals.
• Some English words or phrases would translate very poorly into Arabic for cultural reasons, for instance the English word "crusade" would most likely be interpreted as meaning "genocide", and "infinite justice" would most likely be interpreted as meaning "divine judgement" - adl in Arabic implying Allah's justice. Probably it is best to avoid such terms for anything one intends to translate into Arabic, or knows will be translated.
• Some Islamic concepts are usually referred to in Persian or Turkic. Those are typically of later origin than the concepts listed here - for completeness it may be best to list Persian terms and those unique to Shi'a on their own page, likewise Turkic terms and those unique to the Ottoman period on their own page, as these are culturally very distinct.

Islam   listen? (Arabic: al-islām) the submission to God is a monotheistic faith, one of the Abrahamic religions, and the worlds second largest religion. ... ... Wiktionary full URL is a sister project to Wikipedia intended to be a free wiki dictionary (including thesaurus and lexicon) in every language. ... Arabic can mean: From or related to Arabia From or related to the Arabs The Arabic language; see also Arabic grammar The Arabic alphabet, used for expressing the languages of Arabic, Persian, Malay ( Jawi), Kurdish, Panjabi, Pashto, Sindhi and Urdu, among others. ... Flowcharts are often used to represent algorithms. ... Algebra is a branch of mathematics which studies structure and quantity. ... Alchemy is an early protoscientific practice combining elements of chemistry, physics, astrology, art, semiotics, metallurgy, medicine, mysticism, and religion. ... In general usage, alcohol (from Arabic al-khwl الكحول, or al-ghawl الغول) refers almost always to ethanol, also known as grain alcohol, and often to any beverage that contains ethanol (see alcoholic beverage). ... Azimuth is the horizontal component of a direction (compass direction), measured around the horizon from the North point, toward the East, i. ... In astronomy, the nadir is the, obviously invisible, point on the sky vertically downward, i. ... This article is about an astronomy term. ... Oasis in the Libyan part of the Sahara In geography, an oasis is an isolated area of vegetation in a desert, typically surrounding a spring or similar water source. ... Arabic numerals (also called Hindu numerals or Indian numerals ) are the most common set of symbols used to represent numbers. ... India has produced many numeral systems. ... This article is about the medieval Crusades . ... Look up Genocide in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Most generally, Genocide is the deliberate destruction of a social identity. ... ADL can abbreviate several things Action Description Language, a formal language for automatic planning systems Activities of daily living The Anti-Defamation League Adrenoleukodystrophy, a lack of an enzyme required for breaking down fatty acids. ... Persia or Persian most often refer to: Persia The Persians, an ethnic group, also called Tajiks Persian language Persian (Pokémon) See also Iranian, Iranian peoples, Iranian languages and Aryan. ... This is the disambiguation page for the terms Turk, Turkey, Turkic, and Turkish. ... The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power Imperial motto El Muzaffer Daima The Ever Victorious (as written in tugra) Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital İstanbul ( Constantinople/Asitane/Konstantiniyye ) Sovereigns Sultans of the Osmanli Dynasty Population ca 40 million Area 12+ million km² Establishment 1299 Dissolution October 29, 1923...

References

• Suzanne Haneef, What Everyone Should Know about Islam and Muslims, (Kazi Publications, Chicago), popular introduction
• Muzaffar Haleem, The Sun is Rising In the West, (Amana Publications, Beltsville, MD 1999).
• Ziauddin Sardar, Muhammad for Beginners, Icon Books, 1994, some sloppiness, from very modern Sufi point of view.
• Hans Wehr, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic (Spoken Language Services, Ithaca, NY, 1976). ed. J. Milton Cowan. ISBN 0-87950-001-8.

Ziauddin Sardar, who lived mainly in Saudi Arabia, is a prominent writer regarding the future of Islam and science and technology; he often writes columns in The Observer, a British journalistic publication. ... 1994 was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International year of the Family. ... Modern Islamic philosophy revives some of the trends of medieval Islamic philosophy, notably the tension between Mutazilite and Asharite view of ethics in science and law, and the duty of Muslims and role of Islam in the sociology of knowledge and in forming ethical codes and legal codes, especially the... The International Standard Book Number, or ISBN (sometimes pronounced is-ben), is a unique1 identifier for books, intended to be used commercially. ...

See also

• List of Arabic phrases
• 99 Names of God
• List of English words of Arabic origin