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A partial list of the most common commands for Microsoft's MS-DOS operating system follows. In versions 5 and later only, the user can get help by typing HELP at the shell prompt. (Before version 6, the help displayed by this command is very basic and not interactive.) In the interactive help of versions 6 and later, square brackets indicate optional parameters, while italicized items should be replaced with specific values. In computing, a command is a directive to a computer program acting as an interpreter of some kind, in order to perform a specific task. ...
Microsoft Corporation, (NASDAQ: MSFT, HKSE: 4338) is a multinational computer technology corporation with global annual revenue of US$44. ...
Microsofts disk operating system, MS-DOS, was Microsofts implementation of DOS, which was the first popular operating system for the IBM PC, and until recently, was widely used on the PC compatible platform. ...
An operating system (OS) is the software that manages the sharing of the resources of a computer and provides programmers with an interface used to access those resources. ...
In DOS version 5 or later, to get help on a dos command, at the dos prompt, type /? after the command name. For example, to get help for the xcopy command, type the following at the dos prompt:
xcopy /? The operating system will not execute the command but instead display a help page on the command, in this case xcopy. To view this help page, see the xcopy entry on this page.
In the list below, when a command can accept more than one filename, or a filename including wildcards (* and ?), it is said to accept a filespec parameter. Commands that can accept only a single filename are said to accept a filename parameter.
For most of the commands, the Unix equivalent is given. It should be noted that Unix commands typically provide ranges of functionality and flexibility that are not approached by the equivalent DOS command, so all comparisons are approximate. For example, the DOS commands copy and xcopy are said to be equivalent to the Unix cp command, but in reality cp has much greater power than copy, and a similar functionality to xcopy. Filiation of Unix and Unix-like systems Unix (officially trademarked as UNIX®, sometimes also written as or ® with small caps) is a computer operating system originally developed in 1969 by a group of AT&T employees at Bell Labs including Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie and Douglas McIlroy. ...
Also most of those commands are shared with other DOS'es like DR-DOS, Enhanced DR-DOS and FreeDOS, but there are some of them having syntax differences as well as several completely different commands. This article is about the operating system. ...
FreeDOS (formerly Free-DOS and PD-DOS) is an operating system for IBM PC compatible computers. ...
More than 100 other commands are available in different releases of DOS, all of which are described in the last reference; the most useful not described here are call, debug, doskey, edit, mode, pause, and subst. DEBUG is a DOS / MS-DOS / WINDOWS command. ...
This article or section includes a list of works cited or a list of external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ...
The MS-DOS edit interface (version 1. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Commands
(External) In computer programming, append is the name of a procedure for concatenating (linked) lists or arrays in some high-level programming languages. ...
Display or sets the search path for data files. DOS will search the specified path(s) if the file is not found in the current path.
append ; append [d:]path[;][d:]path[...] append [/X:on|off][/E]
- Change or view the attributes of one or more files. It defaults to displaying the attributes of all files in the current directory.
Options: This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
- To add an attribute attach a '+' in front of it.
- To remove an attribute attach a '-' in front of it
- Attributes include
- R - Read-only
- A - Archive
- S - System
- H - Hidden
attrib [+|-ahrs] [filespec] - Roughly equivalent to the Unix command
chattr and lsattr. Filiation of Unix and Unix-like systems Unix (officially trademarked as UNIX®, sometimes also written as or ® with small caps) is a computer operating system originally developed in 1969 by a group of AT&T employees at Bell Labs including Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie and Douglas McIlroy. ...
chattr is a UNIX program that allows a user to set certain attributes to a file. ...
- Change current directory. Displays the current working directory when used without parameters
cd cd directory chdir directory - Equivalent to the Unix command
cd (with parameters), or pwd (without parameters). (cd .. descends a directory.) This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
In computing, a directory, catalog, or folder, is an entity in a file system which can contain a group of files and/or other directories. ...
Filiation of Unix and Unix-like systems Unix (officially trademarked as UNIX®, sometimes also written as or ® with small caps) is a computer operating system originally developed in 1969 by a group of AT&T employees at Bell Labs including Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie and Douglas McIlroy. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. ...
- Verifies a hard disk or a floppy disk for file system integrity.
Options: This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ...
- /F : Fixes errors on the disk
- /V : Displays the full path and name of every file on the disk
- /P : Forces a full disk verification
- /R : Searches for defective sectors and recovers legible information (applies /F)
chkdsk drive [[path]filename] [/F] [/V] - Equivalent to the Unix command
fsck The system utility fsck (for file system check or file system consistency check) is a tool for checking the consistency of a file system in the Unix system and clones thereof. ...
- Clears the screen.
cls - Equivalent to the Unix command
clear. This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Clear being used on GNU/LInux under uxterm This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
copy - Copies files from one location to another. The destination defaults to the current directory. If multiple source files are indicated, the destination must be a directory, or an error will result.
copy filespec [destination] - Equivalent to the Unix command
cp. Files may be copied to devices (e.g. "copy file lpt1" would send the file to the printer on lpt1. "copy file con" would output to screen, which would be the same as type. The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ...
Most useful to note that "copy file.txt+file2.txt file_cat.txt" will concatenate the files and output them as file_cat.txt. Which is just like the "cat" command.
When using this command to concatenate files there are two switches to modify its behaviour:
copy /a alpha.txt + beta.txt gamma.txt Text mode - which will copy the text content of the file, stopping when it reaches the EOF character. In computing, end-of-file, commonly abbreviated EOF, is a condition in a computer operating system where no more data can be read from a data source. ...
copy /b alpha.mpg + beta.mpg gamma.mpg Binary mode - which will concatenate files in their entirety, ignoring EOF characters. - Equivalent in RT-11/RSX-11/OpenVMS operating systems line is
copy command.
copy device copy device filename - In this usage, data is written from the given device to the file until the end-of-file character (ASCII character 26, which may be typed as ctrl-Z) is encountered. The most commonly used device is named con, which is short for "console"; thus,
copy con filename would allow the user to type directly into a file, and press ctrl-Z when finished. - In Unix, this functionality is provided by the
cat command. cat > filename (with ctrl+D to finish) would be equivalent to the DOS command copy con filename. - Equivalent in RT-11/RSX-11/OpenVMS operating systems line is
copy command. The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. ...
defrag - Defragments disk drive
defrag driveletter - No Unix equivalent.
- DR DOS equivalent was the diskopt command.
This article is about the operating system. ...
del or erase [[Media::Deletes files.]] del filename erase filename - Equivalent to the Unix command
rm. - Equivalint in RT-11/RSX-11/OpenVMS operating systems line is
delete command which can be contracted to del. The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. ...
- Deletes a directory along with all of the files and subdirectories that it contains. Normally, it will ask for confirmation of such a drastic action.
deltree [/y] directory The /y parameter, if present, tells the deltree command to carry out without first prompting for confirmation. This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
The deltree command is not included in recent Microsoft Windows operating systems. Deleting a non-empty directory in those versions of Windows where the command is not included, can be achieved by the use of the rmdir command as in the following example: Windows redirects here. ...
rmdir /s directory In Unix, the functionality of deltree is provided by the rm command with the parameter -r (or -rf for the /y switch). The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. ...
- Lists the contents of a directory.
The dir command typed by itself, displays the disk's volume label and serial number; one directory or filename per line, including the filename extension, the file size in bytes, and the date and time the file was last modified; and the total number of files listed, their cumulative size, and the free space (in bytes) remaining on the disk. The command is one of the few commands that exist from the first versions of DOS. In computer software, specifically the command line interface (CLI) of the DOS operating system, dir is a command used for file and directory listing. ...
dir [drive:][path][filename] [parameters] Most commonly used parameters of dir include: /W : Displays the listing in wide format, with as many as five filenames or directory names on each line./P : Pause at every page/S : Also look in subdirectories/Axx: Display files with the specified attributes only/Oxx: Modifies sort order/B : Uses bare format (no heading information or summary) The default parameters of dir can be set using the DIRCMD environment variable.
Equivalent to the Unix command ls (the option -l is "long" list format, it works the opposite way from /w.) For other uses, see LS. ls is a command specified by POSIX and the Single UNIX Specification, and is thus implemented in Unix and Unix-like operating systems. ...
Equivalent in RT-11/RSX-11/OpenVMS operating systems line is directory command which can be contracted to dir.
- Prints its own arguments back out to the DOS equivalent of the standard output stream. Usually, this means directly to the screen, but the output of echo can be redirected like any other command. Often used in batch files to print text out to the user.
echo this is text Outputs 'this is text' echo. Outputs a blank line - Another important use of the echo command is to toggle echoing of commands on and off in batch files.
echo on turns on echoing of commands echo off turns off echoing of commands - Traditionally batch files begin with the
@echo off statement. This says to the interpreter that echoing of commands should be off during the whole execution of the batch file thus resulting in a "tidier" output. The @ symbol declares that this particular command (echo off) should also be executed without echo. For example the following 2 batch files are equivalent: - Batch1.bat:
@echo off echo The files in your root directory: dir /b /a-d c: - Batch2.bat:
@echo The files in your root directory: @dir /b /a-d c: - Echo can be used to write to files directly from the console, by redirecting the output stream:
echo text > filename - Echo can also be used to append to files directly from the console, again by redirecting the output stream:
echo text >> filename - To type more than one line from the console into a file, use
copy con (above). - Equivalent to the Unix command
echo. echo is a command in Unix (and by extension, its descendants, such as Linux) and MS-DOS that places a string on the terminal. ...
The standard streams for input, output, and error The standard streams are preconnected input or output channels between a computer program and its environment (typically a text terminal) when it begins execution. ...
Wikibooks has more about this subject: Guide to Windows commands In MS-DOS, OS/2 and Windows, a batch file is a text file containing a series of commands intended to be executed by the command interpreter. ...
exit - Exits the current command processor.
EXIT - Exit also exists in Unix-shells.
- Compares two files or sets of files and displays the differences between them.
FC [/A] [/C] [/L] [/LBn] [/N] [/T] [/W] [/nnnn] [drive1:][path1]filename1 [drive2:][path2]filename2 FC /B [drive1:][path1]filename1 [drive2:][path2]filename2 /A Displays only first and last lines for each set of differences. /B Performs a binary comparison. /C Disregards the case of letters. /L Compares files as ASCII text. /LBn Sets the maximum consecutive mismatches to the specified number of lines. /N Displays the line numbers on an ASCII comparison. /T Does not expand tabs to spaces. /W Compresses white space (tabs and spaces) for comparison. /nnnn Specifies the number of consecutive lines that must match after a mismatch. [drive1:][path1]filename1 Specifies the first file or set of files to compare. [drive2:][path2]filename2 Specifies the second file or set of files to compare. -
- Equivalent to the Unix commands
comm, cmp and diff. In MS-DOS 3. ...
The comm command in Unix is a utility that is used to compare two files. ...
cmp is a command line utility for computer systems that use a Unix operating system. ...
In computing, diff is a file comparison utility that outputs the differences between two files. ...
- Manipulates hard disk partition tables. The name derives from IBM's habit of calling hard drives fixed disks. When run from the command line, it displays a menu of various partitioning operations:
1. Create DOS partition or Logical DOS Drive 2. Set active partition 3. Delete partition or Logical DOS Drive 4. Display partition information 5. Change current fixed disk drive - FDISK /MBR installs a standard master boot record on the hard drive.
- Fdisk exists under Unix with the same name, but it is an entirely different program. However they share purposes.
This article or section includes a list of works cited or a list of external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ...
find - A filter to find lines in the input data stream that contain or don't contain a specified string and send these to the output data stream.
- Find may also be used as a pipe.
find "keyword" < ''inputfilename'' > ''outputfilename'' Searches for a text string in a file or files. FIND [/V] [/C] [/N] [/I] "string" [[drive:][path]filename[ ...]] /V Displays all lines NOT containing the specified string. /C Displays only the count of lines containing the string. /N Displays line numbers with the displayed lines. /I Ignores the case of characters when searching for the string. "string" Specifies the text string to find. [drive:][path]filename Specifies a file or files to search. If a pathname is not specified, FIND searches the text typed at the prompt or piped from another command. - Equivalent to the Unix command
grep. The Unix command find performs an entirely different function; see tree. A filter is a computer program to process a data stream. ...
In software engineering, a pipeline consisting of chain of processes or other data processing entities, arranged so that the output of each element of the chain is the input of the of the next one. ...
grep is a command line utility that was originally written for use with the Unix operating system. ...
For other uses, see Find (disambiguation). ...
A partial list of the most common commands for Microsofts MS-DOS operating system follows. ...
format - Delete all the files on the disk and reformat it for MS-DOS
- In most cases, this should only be used on floppy drives or other removable media. This command can potentially erase everything on a computer's hard disk.
- /autotest and /backup are undocumented features. Both will format the drive without a confirmation prompt.
format [options] drive FORMAT drive: [/V[:label]] [/Q] [/F:size] [/B | /S] [/C] FORMAT drive: [/V[:label]] [/Q] [/T:tracks /N:sectors] [/B | /S] [/C] FORMAT drive: [/V[:label]] [/Q] [/1] [/4] [/B | /S] [/C] FORMAT drive: [/Q] [/1] [/4] [/8] [/B | /S] [/C] /V[:label] Specifies the volume label. /Q Performs a quick format. /F:size Specifies the size of the floppy disk to format (such as 160, 180, 320, 360, 720, 1.2, 1.44, 2.88). /B Allocates space on the formatted disk for system files. /S Copies system files to the formatted disk. /T:tracks Specifies the number of tracks per disk side. /N:sectors Specifies the number of sectors per track. /1 Formats a single side of a floppy disk. /4 Formats a 5.25-inch 360K floppy disk in a high-density drive. /8 Formats eight sectors per track. /C Tests clusters that are currently marked "bad." Known as a joke among UNIX users of that time since every user on the machine could easily cause damage with just one command. Therefore, it was known in the UNIX community as "The big DOS timesaver". Undocumented features are frequently found in computer software releases. ...
- Equivalent to the Unix command
mkfs. - Equivalent in RT-11/RSX-11/OpenVMS operating systems line is
format command which can not create filesystem. After formatting one should use initialize (contracted to init) command to create filesystem (equivalint to MS-DOS command format /q or "quick format"). mkfs (make a filesystem) is the standard Unix command for formatting a disk partition with a specific filesystem. ...
help - Gives help about DOS. (5.x and later)
- help 'command' would give help on a specific command. By itself, it lists the contents of DOSHELP.HLP. Help for a specific command invokes the command with the /? option. In MS-DOS 6.x this command exists as FASTHELP.
- MS-DOS 6.xx help command uses qbasic to view a quickhelp HELP.HLP file, which contains more extensive information on the commands, with some hyperlinking etc. The MS-DOS 6.22 help system is included on Windows 9x cdrom versions as well.
- PC-DOS 7.xx help uses view.exe to open OS/2 style .INF files (cmdref.inf, dosrexx.inf and doserror.inf), opening these to the appropriate pages.
- Windows NT, all versions, uses DOS 5 style help, but versions before VISTA have also a Windows help file (NTCMDS.HLP or NTCMDS.INF) in a similar style to MS-DOS 6.
- Partially equivalent to the Unix command man.
The man page on man Almost all substantial UNIX and Unix-like operating systems have extensive documentation known as man pages (short for manual pages). The Unix command used to display them is man. ...
InterSvr / InterLnk - MS-DOS 6 and above command used to network PCs using a null modem cable or LapLink cable. The server-side version of InterLnk, it also immobilizes the machine it's running on as it's an active app (As opposed to a TSR) which must be running for any transfer to take place. First appeared in PC-DOS 5.02.
- No Unix equivalent.
- DR DOS equivalent is filelink, which is executed on both the client and server.
A null modem adapter A null modem is a device that allows one to connect two computers together, typically with only a serial port. ...
A LapLink cable is a cable that allows one to connect two computers together to establish a direct cable connection. ...
Terminate and Stay Resident (TSR) is a system call in DOS operating systems that returned control to the system as if the program had quit, but kept the program in memory. ...
This article is about the operating system. ...
label - Changes the label on a logical drive, such as a hard disk partition or a floppy disk.
- In Unix and Unix-like systems, this differ from filesystem to filesystem. e2label can be used for ext2 partitions.
md or mkdir - Makes a new directory. The parent of the directory specified must already exist.
md directory - Equivalent to the Unix command
mkdir. In computing, a directory, catalog, or folder, is an entity in a file system which can contain a group of files and/or other directories. ...
The mkdir command in the Unix operating system is used to make a new directory. ...
mem - Displays memory usage.
mem - Equivalent to the Unix command
free.
memmaker - Starting from version 6, MS-DOS included the external program MemMaker which was used to free system memory (especially Conventional memory) by automatically reconfiguring the Autoexec.bat and Config.sys files. This was usually done by moving TSR Programs to the Upper memory. The whole process required 3 system restarts. Before the first restart the user was asked whether he wanted to enable EMS Memory or not.
- The use of MemMaker was popular among gamers who wanted to enable or disable Expanded memory in order to run a game which required EMS or not. Better results could be achieved by an experienced user manually configuring the startup files to achieve greated free memory yeild.
Options : Conventional memory is the first 640 kibibytes of an IBM PCs memory. ...
AUTOEXEC.BAT is the name of a system file found originally on the MS-DOS operating system. ...
CONFIG.SYS is the primary configuration file for the MS-DOS and OS/2 operating systems. ...
Terminate and Stay Resident (TSR) was a system call in the MS-DOS operating system that returned control to the system as if the program had quit, but left the program in memory. ...
The Upper Memory Area (UMA) is a feature of the design of IBM PC-compatible x86 computers. ...
Expanded Memory was a trick invented around 1984 that provided more memory to byte-hungry, business-oriented MS-DOS programs. ...
Expanded Memory was a trick invented around 1984 that provided more memory to byte-hungry, business-oriented MS-DOS programs. ...
- /BATCH Runs MemMaker in batch (unattended) mode. In batch mode, MemMaker takes the default action at all prompts.
- /UNDO Instructs MemMaker to undo its most recent changes.
- PCDOS uses another program RamBoost to optimise memory, either the HIMEM/EMM386 or a third-party memory manager.
more - Pages through the output so that you can view more than one screen of text.
command | more - Equivalent to the Unix commands
more and less. - More may also be used as a filter.
more < inputfilename Example output of the more command. ...
less is a program on Unix and Unix-like systems used to view (but not change) the contents of a text file one screen at a time. ...
A filter is a computer program to process a data stream. ...
move - Moves files or renames directories.
move filename newname move driveletter:olddir driveletter:newdir - Example: move c:old c:new
- Equivalent to the Unix command
mv. The correct title of this article is . ...
msd Main article: Microsoft Diagnostics Screenshot of the MSD utility displaying operating system information. ...
- Provides detailed technical information about the computer's hardware and software.
msd - The PC-DOS version of this command is QCONFIG.
- No Unix equivalent, however in GNU/Linux similar type of information may be obtained from various text files in /proc directory.
pcpark - Parks the hard disk heads in order to enable safe shutdown; only used on early versions.
pcpark - No Unix equivalent.
- MS-DOS 3.2 (and possibly others) used the command HHSET
- Remove a directory, which must be empty of files for the command to succeed.
rd directory - Equivalent to the Unix command
rmdir. This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
rem - Remark statement, normally used within a batch file. An alternative way not to run a specific statement in a batch file is creating a label that will never be used, ::.
- On the command line, rem can also be used to create a zero length file by redirecting an empty remark statement to a filename.
rem > newfilename - Note that this works only for the old DOS and under Windows 9x. For Windows NT/2000/XP or later, to create a zero length file can be achieved using the
type command. type zerolengthfilename > zerolengthfilename - In Unix, the
# sign can be used to start a comment; the zero-length file can be achieved using various methods, such as the touch command or dd. Wikibooks has more about this subject: Guide to Windows commands In MS-DOS, OS/2 and Windows, a batch file is a text file containing a series of commands intended to be executed by the command interpreter. ...
A partial list of the most common commands for Microsofts MS-DOS operating system follows. ...
touch is a standard Unix program used to change a files access and modification timestamps. ...
dd is a common UNIX program whose primary purpose is the low-level copying and conversion of raw data. ...
ren - Renames a file. Unlike the
move command, this command cannot be used to rename subdirectories, or rename files across drives. ren filename newname A more useful function of this command is to mass rename files by the use of wildcards. For example, the following command will change the extension of all files in the current directory from htm to html: ren *.htm *.html - In Unix, this functionality of a simple move is provided by the
mv command, while batch renames can be done using the rename command. - Equivalent in RT-11/RSX-11/OpenVMS operating systems line is
rename command which can be contracted to ren. The correct title of this article is . ...
- Disk diagnostic utility
Scandisk is a replacement for the chkdsk utility. Its primary advantages over chkdsk is that it is more reliable and has the ability to run a surface scan which finds and marks bad clusters on the disk. It is present on 16/32-bit MS-DOS-based versions of Windows like Windows 95, 98, 98SE, and Me. chkdsk has surface scan and bad cluster detection functionality built in on Windows NT based operating systems. This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
- Equivalent to the Unix command
fsck. The system utility fsck (for file system check or file system consistency check) is a tool for checking the consistency of a file system in the Unix system and clones thereof. ...
set - Sets environmental variables. See Environment variable.
Environment variables are a set of dynamic values that can affect the way running processes will behave on a computer. ...
sort - A filter to sort lines in the input data stream and send them to the output data stream.
sort < inputfilename > outputfilename - Equivalent to the Unix command
sort. A filter is a computer program to process a data stream. ...
sort is a standard Unix command line program that prints the lines of its input in sorted order. ...
time and date - Set/display the date and time
date time - Equivalent to the Unix command
date with the important difference that calling this from the command line or a bat script will cause the program to halt requesting a new time until RETURN is pressed. The command 'time /t' will bypass this set feature. A date in a calendar is a reference to a particular day represented within a calendar system. ...
tree - Shows the directory tree of the current directory
- Options:
- /F (Displays the names of the files in each folder.)
- /A (Use ASCII instead of the extended characters.)
- /? (Shows the help)
tree [options] [directory] - Equivalent to the Unix command
find. For other uses, see Find (disambiguation). ...
truename truename or truename drivename or truename filename or truename pathname - If typed without a parameter then the current active drive pathname is displayed.
- If typed with a parameter then the command outputs the entire path (full directory and filename) of the path or filename. For example, if the working drive and directory were C:PROGRAMS and one typed
truename fish<HARDDRIVE>, the output would be C:PROGRAMSFISH. This command also displays the UNC pathnames of mapped network or local CD drives. - This command is an undocumented DOS command.
- This command is similar to the Unix which command, which, given an executable found in $PATH, would give a full path and name. The C library function
realpath performs this function. A path is the general form of a file or directory name, giving a files name and its unique location in a file system. ...
type - Display a file. The more command is frequently used in conjunction with this command, e.g. type long-text-file | more.
type filename - Equivalent to the Unix command
cat. The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. ...
undelete - Restores file previously deleted with del. By default all recoverable files in the working directory are restored. The options are used to change this behaviour. If the MS-DOS mirror TSR program is used, then deletion tracking files are created and can be used by undelete.
Options : - /list : lists the files that can be undeleted.
- /all : Recovers all deleted files without prompting. Uses a number sign for missing first character.
- /dos : Recover only MS-DOS aware files, ignore deletion tracking file.
- /dt : Recover only deletion tracking file aware files.
undelete [filespec] [/list|/all][/dos|/dt] - In Unix and Unix-like systems this differ from filesystem to filesystem. e2undel can be used for ext2 users.
ver - Shows the version of MS-DOS you are using.
- Some versions of MS-DOS support an undocumented /r switch, which will show the revision as well as the version.
ver [/r] - Roughly equivalent to the Unix command
uname. In computer software, uname is a program in Unix operating systems that prints the name, version and other details about the running operating system. ...
- Copy entire directory trees.
xcopy directory [destination-directory] - Equivalent to the Unix command
cp. This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ...
Cp, CP, cp, cP may be: // In chemistry, the cyclopentadienyl ligand. ...
See also This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
Disk Operating System (specifically) and disk operating system (generically), most often abbreviated as DOS (not to be confused with the DOS family of disk operating systems for the IBM PC compatible platform), refer to operating system software used in most computers that provides the abstraction and management of secondary storage...
Microsofts disk operating system, MS-DOS, was Microsofts implementation of DOS, which was the first popular operating system for the IBM PC, and until recently, was widely used on the PC compatible platform. ...
This is a list of Unix programs. ...
External links - The MS-DOS 6 Technical Reference on TechNet contains the official Microsoft MS-DOS 6 command reference documention.
There are several guides to DOS commands available that are licenced under the GNU Free Documentation License: “GFDL†redirects here. ...
- The FreeDOS HTML Help at fdos.org is a fully hypertext help system for FreeDOS commands, written in 2003/2004
- The FreeDOS Spec at SourceForge is a plaintext specification, written in 1999, for how DOS commands should work in FreeDOS
Wikibooks also has a guide to Microsoft Windows (as opposed to DOS) commands. Windows redirects here. ...
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