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Encyclopedia > List of Emperors of the Ming Dynasty

The Ming Dynasty ruled China from 1368 to 1644, succeeding the Mongol Yuan Dynasty and falling amidst much peasant turmoil to the Manchu Qing Dynasty. Sixteen emperors ruled over the whole of China spanning 276 years. A series of claimants to the Ming throne continued to claim the throne of what was known as the Southern Ming until the last was executed in 1662. For other uses, see Ming. ... Events Timur ascends throne of Samarkand. ... // Events February to August - Explorer Abel Tasmans second expedition for the Dutch East India Company maps the north coast of Australia. ... Honorary guard of Mongolia. ... Capital Dadu Language(s) Mongolian Chinese Government Monarchy Emperor  - 1260-1294 Kublai Khan  - 1333-1370 (Cont. ... The Manchu people (Manchu: Manju; Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: , Mongolian: Манж) are a Tungusic people who originated in Manchuria (todays Northeastern China). ... Flag (1890-1912) Anthem Gong Jinou (1911) Qing China at its greatest extent. ... Events February 1 - The Chinese pirate Koxinga seizes the island of Taiwan after a nine-month siege. ...


Emperors of the Ming Dynasty

Personal Name Posthumous name1
(short form)
Temple name1 Reign name Reign years Name by which
most commonly known
Zhū Yuánzhāng
朱元璋
Gāodì
高帝
Tàizǔ
太祖
Hóngwǔ
洪武
1368-1398 Hongwu Emperor
Zhū Yǔnwén
朱允炆
Huìdì
惠帝
None given² Jiànwén
建文
1398-1402 Jianwen Emperor
Zhū Dì
朱棣
Wēndì
文帝
Chéngzǔ, 成祖 or
Tàizōng, 太宗
Yǒnglè
永樂
1402-1424 Yongle Emperor
Zhū Gāochì
朱高熾
Zhāodì
昭帝
Rénzōng
仁宗
Hóngxī
洪熙
1424-1425 Hongxi Emperor
Zhū Zhānjī
朱瞻基
Zhāngdì
章帝
Xuānzōng
宣宗
Xuāndé
宣德
1425-1435 Xuande Emperor
Zhū Qízhèn
朱祁鎮
Ruìdì
睿帝
Yīngzōng
英宗
Zhèngtǒng, 正統
1436-1449;
Tiānshùn, 天順
1457-1464
1435-1449;
1457-1464³
Zhengtong Emperor
Zhū Qíyù
朱祁鈺
Jǐngdì
景帝
Dàizōng
代宗
Jǐngtài
景泰
1449-1457 Jingtai Emperor
Zhū Jiànshēn
朱見深
Chúndì
純帝
Xiànzōng
憲宗
Chénghuà
成化
1464-1487 Chenghua Emperor
Zhū Yòutáng
朱祐樘
Jìngdì
敬帝
Xiàozōng
孝宗
Hóngzhì
弘治
1487-1505 Hongzhi Emperor
Zhū Hòuzhào
朱厚照
Yìdì
毅帝
Wǔzōng
武宗
Zhèngdé
正德
1505-1521 Zhengde Emperor
Zhū Hòucōng
朱厚熜
Sùdì
肅帝
Shìzōng
世宗
Jiājìng
嘉靖
1521-1566 Jiajing Emperor
Zhū Zǎihòu
朱載垕
Zhuāngdì
莊帝
Mùzōng
穆宗
Lóngqìng
隆慶
1566-1572 Longqing Emperor
Zhū Yìjūn
朱翊鈞
Xiǎndì
顯帝
Shénzōng
神宗
Wànlì
萬曆
1572-1620 Wanli Emperor
Zhū Chángluò
朱常洛
Zhēndì
貞帝
Guāngzōng
光宗
Tàichāng
泰昌
1620 Taichang Emperor
Zhū Yóujiào
朱由校
Zhédì
悊帝
Xīzōng
熹宗
Tiānqǐ
天啟
1620-1627 Tianqi Emperor
Zhū Yóujiǎn
朱由檢
Zhuānglièmǐn
莊烈愍
Sīzōng
思宗
Chóngzhēn
崇禎
1627-1644 Chongzhen Emperor
1 As posthumous and temple names were often shared by emperors of different dynasties, they are usually preceded by the dynastic name, in this case, Ming, to avoid confusion. For example, the Hongwu emperor is frequently referred to as Ming Taizu.
2 The Yongle emperor assumed the throne of his nephew the Jianwen emperor, who died in a palace fire. The Yongle emperor wiped out the record of his nephew's reign and no temple name was given him.
3 After listening to the poor advice of his eunuch advisers, the Zhengtong emperor personally led a campaign in 1449 against the Mongols and was captured. His brother, the Jingtai emperor, assumed the throne and, a hostage no longer of any value, the Mongols released the Zhengtong emperor who returned to live in seclusion. However, the Zhengtong emperor was able to reclaim his position upon the death of his brother, choosing the reign name Tianshun.


Japanese name Kanji: Hiragana: Korean name Hangul: Hanja: Vietnamese name Quốc ngữ: Hán tá»±: A posthumous name (諡號) is an honorary name given to royalty, nobles, and sometimes others, in some cultures after the persons death. ... Korean name Hangul: Hanja: Mongolian name Mongolian: Номын Нэр Vietnamese name Quốc ngữ: Temple names are commonly used when naming most Chinese, Korean (Goryeo and Joseon periods), and Vietnamese (such dynasties as Ly, Tran, and Le) royalty. ... ... Events Timur ascends throne of Samarkand. ... Events Glendalough monastery, Wicklow Ireland destroyed. ... izzy lewis loves the weewee in her pooter. ... Events Glendalough monastery, Wicklow Ireland destroyed. ... Events September 14 - Battle of Homildon Hill. ... The Jianwen Emperor (December 5, 1377–July 13, 1402), with the personal name Zhu Yunwen, reigned as the second Emperor of the Ming dynasty. ... Events September 14 - Battle of Homildon Hill. ... August 17 - Battle of Verneuil - An English force under John, Duke of Bedford defeats a larger French army under the Duke of Alençon, John Stewart, and Earl Archibald of Douglas. ... The Yongle Emperor (May 2, 1360 – August 12, 1424), born Zhu Di (Chu Ti) , was the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty of China from 1402 to 1424. ... August 17 - Battle of Verneuil - An English force under John, Duke of Bedford defeats a larger French army under the Duke of Alençon, John Stewart, and Earl Archibald of Douglas. ... Events Foundation of the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium Births John II, Duke of Lorraine (died 1470) Edmund Sutton, English nobleman (died 1483) Deaths January 18 - Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March, English politician (born 1391) March 17 - Ashikaga Yoshikazu, Japanese shogun (born 1407) May 24 - Murdoch Stewart, 2nd Duke of... The Hongxi Emperor (August 16, 1378–May 29, 1425) was an Emperor of the Ming Dynasty in China. ... Events Foundation of the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium Births John II, Duke of Lorraine (died 1470) Edmund Sutton, English nobleman (died 1483) Deaths January 18 - Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March, English politician (born 1391) March 17 - Ashikaga Yoshikazu, Japanese shogun (born 1407) May 24 - Murdoch Stewart, 2nd Duke of... For other uses, see number 1435. ... Categories: China-related stubs | 1398 births | 1435 deaths | Ming Dynasty emperors ... Events April - Paris is recaptured by the French End of the Hussite Wars in Bohemia. ... Events January 6 - Constantine XI is crowned Byzantine Emperor. ... Events University of Freiburg founded. ... Events February - Christian I of Denmark and Norway who was also serving as King of Sweden is declared deposed from the later throne. ... For other uses, see number 1435. ... Events January 6 - Constantine XI is crowned Byzantine Emperor. ... Events University of Freiburg founded. ... Events February - Christian I of Denmark and Norway who was also serving as King of Sweden is declared deposed from the later throne. ... Zhu Qizhen (November 29, 1427 – February 23, 1464) was an emperor of the Ming Dynasty. ... Events January 6 - Constantine XI is crowned Byzantine Emperor. ... Events University of Freiburg founded. ... Zhu Qiyu (September 21, 1428–March 14, 1457) was Emperor of China from the Ming Dynasty from 1449 to 1457 as the Jingtai Emperor. ... Events February - Christian I of Denmark and Norway who was also serving as King of Sweden is declared deposed from the later throne. ... Events Richard Fox becomes Bishop of Exeter. ... The Chenghua Emperor (December 9, 1447 – September 9, 1487) was Emperor of the Ming dynasty in China, between 1464 and 1487. ... Events Richard Fox becomes Bishop of Exeter. ... 1505 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Hongzhi Emperor (July 30, 1470–June 8, 1505) was emperor of the Ming dynasty in China between 1487 and 1505. ... 1505 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Events January 3 - Pope Leo X excommunicates Martin Luther in the papal bull Decet Romanum Pontificem. ... The Zhengde Emperor (October 26, 1491–April 20, 1521) was emperor of China (Ming dynasty) between 1505-1521. ... Events January 3 - Pope Leo X excommunicates Martin Luther in the papal bull Decet Romanum Pontificem. ... Events January 7 - Pius V becomes Pope Selim II succeeds Suleiman I as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire Religious rioting in the Netherlands signifies the beginning of the Eighty Years War in the Netherlands. ... The Jiajing Emperor (September 16, 1507–January 23, 1567) was the 11th emperor of China (Ming dynasty) between 1521-1567. ... Events January 7 - Pius V becomes Pope Selim II succeeds Suleiman I as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire Religious rioting in the Netherlands signifies the beginning of the Eighty Years War in the Netherlands. ... January 16 - Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk is tried for treason for his part in the Ridolfi plot to restore Catholicism in England. ... Longqing Emperor (March 4, 1537- July 5, 1572) was the 12th emperor of China (Ming dynasty) between 1567-1572. ... January 16 - Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk is tried for treason for his part in the Ridolfi plot to restore Catholicism in England. ... Year 1620 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Wanli Emperor (September 4, 1563 - August 18, 1620) was emperor of China (Ming dynasty) between 1572 and 1620. ... Year 1620 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Taichang Emperor Birth and death: Aug. ... Year 1620 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Events A Dutch ship makes the first recorded sighting of the coast of South Australia. ... The Tianqi Emperor (1605-1627) was Emperor of China (Ming dynasty) from 1620 to 1627. ... Events A Dutch ship makes the first recorded sighting of the coast of South Australia. ... // Events February to August - Explorer Abel Tasmans second expedition for the Dutch East India Company maps the north coast of Australia. ... Chongzhen Emperor (WG: Chung-chen) (February 6, 1611 - April 25, 1644) was last emperor of Ming dynasty in China between 1627 and 1644. ... Events January 6 - Constantine XI is crowned Byzantine Emperor. ...


Emperors of the Southern Ming Dynasty

Personal Name Temple name Reign name Reign years Name by which
most commonly known
Zhū Yóusōng
朱由崧
Ānzōng
安宗
Hóngguāng
弘光
1644-1645 Prince of Fu
福王 Fú Wáng
Zhū Yùjiàn
朱聿鍵
Shàozōng
紹宗
Lóngwǔ
隆武
1645-1646 Prince of Tang
唐王 Táng Wáng
Zhū Chángfāng
朱常淓
None given None given,
but sometimes referred to as the

Regency of the Prince of Lu (Luh)
潞王臨國 Lù Wáng Lín Guó
1645 Prince of Lu (Luh*)
潞王 Lù Wáng
Zhū Yǐhǎi
朱以海
None given None given,
but sometimes referred to as the

Regency of the Prince of Lu (Lou)
魯王臨國 Lǔ Wáng Lín Guó
1645-1653 Prince of Lu (Lou*)
魯王 Lǔ Wáng
Zhū Yùyuè
朱聿[金粵]
None given Shàowǔ
紹武
1646 Prince of Tang
唐王 Táng Wáng
Zhū Yóuláng
朱由榔
昭宗 Yǒnglì
永曆
1646-1662 Prince of Gui
桂王 Guì Wáng
  • The two characters are homonyms, both pronounced Lu; to distinguish them, one is usually kept as Lu and the other spelled differently. Luh is from Cambridge History of China; Lou is from A.C. Moule's Rulers of China (1957). When one irregular spelling is used, the other is kept as regular (Lu). The two systems are distinct and not used simultaneously.

Korean name Hangul: Hanja: Mongolian name Mongolian: Номын Нэр Vietnamese name Quốc ngữ: Temple names are commonly used when naming most Chinese, Korean (Goryeo and Joseon periods), and Vietnamese (such dynasties as Ly, Tran, and Le) royalty. ... ... // Events February to August - Explorer Abel Tasmans second expedition for the Dutch East India Company maps the north coast of Australia. ... // Events January 10 - Archbishop Laud executed on Tower Hill, London. ... Categories: | | ... // Events January 10 - Archbishop Laud executed on Tower Hill, London. ... 1646 (MDCXLVI) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Prince of Tang (唐王, 1602-1646) reigned as the Longwu (隆武) emperor of the Southern Ming dynasty from 1646-1646. ... // Events January 10 - Archbishop Laud executed on Tower Hill, London. ... // Events January 10 - Archbishop Laud executed on Tower Hill, London. ... Events February 2 - New Amsterdam (later renamed New York City) is incorporated. ... 1646 (MDCXLVI) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Prince of Tang (唐王, ?-1647) reigned as the Shaowu (紹武) Emperor of the Southern Ming dynasty from 1646-1647. ... 1646 (MDCXLVI) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Events February 1 - The Chinese pirate Koxinga seizes the island of Taiwan after a nine-month siege. ... The Prince of Gui (桂王) or the Yongli Emperor, was an emperor of the Southern Ming Dynasty in China. ...

See also

The following is a table of the Dynasties in Chinese history. ... The following table of Chinese monarchs is in no way inclusive. ...


 

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