The flag of the Council of Europe and the European Union.

██ current members Image File history File links European_flag. ... Image File history File links European_flag. ... The European flag consists of a circle of twelve golden stars on a blue background. ... The Palace of Europe in Strasbourg European Flag: used by the Council of Europe and by the European Union The Council of Europe (French: Conseil de lEurope , German: Europarat /ˌɔɪ.ˈro. ... Image File history File links European_Union_member_states_with_applications. ... Image File history File links European_Union_member_states_with_applications. ...

██ acceding countries

██ candidate countries

██ potential candidate countries

██ application frozen

██ application rejected by EC The European Council, informally called the European summit, is a meeting of the heads of state or government of the European Union, and the President of the European Commission. ...

██ accession rejected in a referendum A referendum on whether Norway should join the European Union was held on November 28, 1994. ...

██ Overseas Countries & Territories associated with an EU member state Two parts of the Treaty of Rome deal with special relationships: Article 299 which sets out the territories to which the treaty applies, supplemented by the accession treaties; and Articles 182-188 and Annex II on association with the non-European countries and territories which have special relations with the...

The European Union as a single entity in Europe …

… and in the world.

This is a list of European Union member states, their dates of application and accession. It shows the growth of the European Union and its predecessors through enlargement from six members in 1952 to twenty-seven members in 2007/8; as of 2006, at least six (possibly seven or even more) are expected to join in its future. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1236x1245, 74 KB) Summary  European Union Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): List of European Union member states ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1236x1245, 74 KB) Summary  European Union Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): List of European Union member states ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1357x628, 88 KB) Summary  European Union Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): List of European Union member states ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1357x628, 88 KB) Summary  European Union Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): List of European Union member states ... The European Union (EU) was originally created by the six founding states in 1952, but has grown to its current size of 25 member states. ... 2006 is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The European Union per se was created on 1 November 1993 when the Treaty on European Union came into effect.^[1] Twelve of the current 25 member states joined one of the Union's predecessors, either the European Coal and Steel Community (which came into existence on 23 July 1952^[2] and ceased to exist exactly 50 years later^[3]), the European Economic Community (which came into existence on 1 January 1958^[4]), or the European Community (which came into existence on 1 July 1967 as a merger of ECSC, EEC and the European Atomic Energy Community^[5], and is one of the three pillars of the European Union today). Per se is a latin phrase used in english arguments. ... November 1 is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 60 days remaining. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... The Maastricht Treaty (formally, the Treaty on European Union) was signed on 7 February 1992 in Maastricht between the members of the European Community and entered into force on 1 November 1993, under the Delors Commission. ... Members of the European Coal and Steel Community The European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) was founded in 1951 (Treaty of Paris), by France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands to pool the steel and coal resources of its member-states. ... July 23 is the 204th day (205th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 161 days remaining. ... 1952 (MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... The European Community (EC), most important of three European Communities, was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The European Community (EC), most important of three European Communities, was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ... July 1 is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 183 days remaining. ... 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (the link is to a full 1967 calendar). ... The European Atomic Energy Community, or EURATOM, is an international organisation composed of the members of the European Union. ... The Treaty of Maastricht which established the European Union, divided EU policies into three main areas, called pillars. ...

Candidate countries

Main articles: Enlargement of the European Union, Bulgaria and the European Union, Croatia and the European Union, Romania and the European Union, and Turkey and the European Union

In addition to the current twenty-five member states, a number of other European states will join the European Union in the next two decades. Bulgaria and Romania have already finished accession negotiations^[6]; the official decision on their date of joining (either 1 January 2007 or 1 January 2008) will be taken on 26 September 2006 during the Finnish Presidency of the Council of the European Union.^[7] The Treaty of Accession 2005, which forms the legal framework for the accession of Bulgaria and Romania to the European Union, is currently in the process of being ratified; all but seven (namely Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland and Luxembourg) of the current twenty-five member states have already finished the ratification process. The European Union (EU) was originally created by the six founding states in 1952, but has grown to its current size of 25 member states. ... Dark green: current members; light green: acceding countries; orange: recognized candidate countries Bulgaria (along with Romania) is part of the second stage of the EUs fifth enlargement1 and is currently scheduled to join it on January 1, 2007. ... This article treats the accession of Croatia to the European Union. ... Dark green: current members; light green: acceding countries; orange: states in negotiations The Accession of Romania to the European Union is currently scheduled to take place on January 1, 2007. ... Turkeys formal application to join the European Community—the organisation that has since developed into the European Union—was made on April 14, 1987. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 2007 (MMVII) will be a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 2008 (MMVIII) will be a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... September 26 is the 269th day of the year (270th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 96 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Presidency of the Council of the European Union refers to the responsibility of presiding over all aspects of the Council of the European Union, when exercised collectively by a government, on a pre-established rota of the member states, of the European Union. ... The Treaty of Accession 2005 was the agreement between the European Union and two countries (Bulgaria and Romania), concerning these countries accession into the EU. At the same time it changed a number of points which were originally laid down in the Treaty of Nice. ...

Croatia, the Republic of Macedonia and Turkey are officially candidate countries; Croatia and Turkey are currently in accession negotiations, while negotiations with the Republic of Macedonia have not yet started.^[8] The remaining states in the Balkans (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro and Serbia, including Kosovo under United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244 of 10 June 1999) are officially "potential candidate countries", which means they have a clear perspective for accession over the course of the next decade.^[9] The next enlargement after Bulgaria and Romania will, however, only happen after 2010, due to the European Union's need to sort out its institutional problems first.^[10] Motto: (English: ) Anthem: (Transliteration: ) (English: ) Capital Skopje Largest city Skopje Official language(s) Macedonian, Albanian1 Government Parliamentary republic  - President Branko Crvenkovski  - Prime Minister Vlado Bučkovski Independence From Yugoslavia   - Declared September 8, 1991  Area    - Total 25,333 km² (146th)   9,779 sq mi   - Water (%) 1. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... This article is about the country in Europe. ... Motto: none Anthem: Bože Pravde Capital Belgrade Largest city Belgrade Official language(s) Serbian1 Government Republic  - President Boris Tadić  - Prime Minister Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica Independence    - From the Ottoman Empire July 13, 1878   - Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes formed December 1, 1918   - FR Yugoslavia formed April 28, 1992   - Serbia... For other uses, see Kosovo (disambiguation). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with UN General Assembly Resolution 1244. ... June 10 is the 161st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (162nd in leap years), with 204 days remaining. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... 2010 (MMX) will be a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Countries who failed to join or left

Not all accession attempts have been successful, though, and on one occasion a territory even left the European Union (then European Community).

• While Norway had completed European Community/European Union accession negotiations twice already (with the proposed accession dates having been 1 January 1973 and 1 January 1995, respectively), the accession failed both times when the Norwegians rejected membership in referenda (on 25 September 1972^[11] and 28 November 1994^[12]).
• The Danish autonomous territory of Greenland initially joined the European Community together with Denmark, but left on 1 February 1985 after it had acquired home rule and had held a referendum on the issue.^[13]
• Morocco applied to join in 1987, but was rejected by the European Council because it was not considered a European country and therefore not eligible to join. (Interestingly, the Copenhagen criteria had not yet been formally agreed upon at that time.)
• Although Switzerland applied to join in 1992, it froze its application after accession to the European Economic Area was rejected in a referendum on 6 December 1992.

January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... September 25 is the 268th day of the year (269th in leap years). ... 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1972 calendar). ... November 28 is the 332nd day (333rd on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal. // Events January Bill Clinton January 1 : North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) goes into effect. ... An autonomous (subnational) entity is a subnational entity that has a certain amount of autonomy. ... February 1 is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... For the heavy metal band, see Devolved (band) Devolution or home rule is the granting of powers from central government to government at regional or local level. ... The European Council, informally called the European summit, is a meeting of the heads of state or government of the European Union, and the President of the European Commission. ... The Copenhagen criteria are the rules that define whether a nation is eligible to join the European Union. ... Map of the EEA countries. ... December 6 is the 340th day (341st on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ...

Future prospects

Main articles: Iceland and the European Union, Norway and the European Union, and Greenland and the European Union

This section is incomplete. If you can help by adding information about the current situation in the European microstates Liechtenstein, Monaco, San Marino and Vatican City, as well as in associated territories like Greenland.

Georgia^[14], Moldova^[15] and Ukraine^[16] have stated they would like to join the European Union; however, the European Union's response was lukewarm at best^[17]. The island nation of Cape Verde, part of the island region Macaronesia (which is comprised of Cape Verde, the Portuguese islands of the Azores and Madeira and the Spanish Canary Islands) also wishes to join the European Union.^{[18] [19] [20]} Curiously, Cape Verde is not yet a member of the Council of Europe, which is a de facto prerequisite for membership under the Copenhagen criteria. Iceland is not a member state of the European Union (EU) and has never applied for membership. ... One of the most important and divisive issues in Norwegian political and economic debate since World War II has been the countrys relationship with the European Union. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Greenland. ... The European microstates are a handful of very small sovereign states on the European continent. ... A microstate is a sovereign state having a very small population or very little land area - usually both. ... Macaronesia Macaronesia is a modern invented collective name for several groups of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean near Europe and North Africa belonging to three countries: Portugal, Spain, and Cape Verde. ... Location Motto of the autonomous region: Antes morrer livres que em paz sujeitos (Portuguese: To die free rather than to be subjugated in peace) Official language Portuguese Capitals Ponta Delgada (Presidency of the autonomous government), Angra do Heroísmo (Supreme Court), Horta (Legislative Assembly) Other towns Praia da Vitória... For other uses of the word, see Madeira (disambiguation) Madeira Islands location. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Palace of Europe in Strasbourg European Flag: used by the Council of Europe and by the European Union The Council of Europe (French: Conseil de lEurope , German: Europarat /ˌɔɪ.ˈro. ... De facto is a Latin expression that means in fact or in practice. It is commonly used as opposed to de jure (meaning by law) when referring to matters of law or governance or technique (such as standards), that are found in the common experience as created or developed without... The Copenhagen criteria are the rules that define whether a nation is eligible to join the European Union. ...

Moreover, European Union membership is the subject of political debate in Andorra^[21], Armenia^[22], Azerbaijan^[23], the Faroe Islands^[24] and Iceland^[25], and the debates in Norway^[26] and Switzerland^[27] are also still ongoing. Finally, some European politicians even consider Russia's accession a possibility.^[28]

It is generally expected that the states of south-east Europe will be the next states to join the European Union, and that it will still take some time for Iceland, Norway and Switzerland to join, since public opinion is not yet in favour in those three states. However, on 19 May 2006, the European Union's Enlargement Commissioner Olli Rehn said that he expected Iceland to join the European Union before Croatia would.^{[29] [30]} May 19 is the 139th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (140th in leap years). ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The European Commission (formally the Commission of the European Communities) is the executive body of the European Union. ... Olli Rehn Olli Rehn (born 31 March 1962) is a Finnish politician, currently serving as European Commissioner for Enlargement. ...

Listed by accession date

#	State	Accession	Special territories[I]
1–6	Belgium	23 July 1952 (ECSC) 1 January 1958 (EEC)	—
	France		incl.  French Guiana,  Guadeloupe[II],  Martinique,  Réunion excl.  French Polynesia,  New Caledonia,  Wallis and Futuna excl.  French Southern Territories,  Mayotte,  Saint-Pierre and Miquelon
	Italy		—
	Luxembourg		—
	Netherlands		excl.  Aruba, the  Netherlands Antilles[III]
	West Germany[IVa]		—
7–9	Denmark	1 January 1973 (EC)	excl. the  Faroe Islands,  Greenland (see above)
	Ireland		—
	United Kingdom		incl.  Gibraltar excl.  Guernsey,  Jersey, the  Isle of Man excl. Akrotiri and Dhekelia[Va] excl.  Bermuda excl.  Anguilla, the  British Virgin Islands, the  Cayman Islands,  Montserrat, the  Turks and Caicos Islands excl. the  Falkland Islands, the  Pitcairn Islands,  Saint Helena excl. the  British Indian Ocean Territory,  South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
10	Greece	1 January 1981 (EC)	—
11–12	Portugal	1 January 1986 (EC)	—
	Spain		—
13–15	Austria	1 January 1995	—
	Finland		incl.  Åland Islands
	Sweden		—
16–25	Cyprus[VI]	1 May 2004	excl. Akrotiri and Dhekelia[Vb] (de iure and de facto) excl.  Northern Cyprus, the UN Buffer Zone (de facto)
	Czech Republic		—
	Estonia		—
	Hungary		—
	Latvia		—
	Lithuania		—
	Malta		—
	Poland		—
	Slovakia		—
	Slovenia		—
TBC	Bulgaria	1 January 2007/08	—
	Romania		—
TBD	Croatia	in accession negotiations	—
	Turkey		—
	Republic of Macedonia	candidate country	—
	Albania	potential candidate country	—
	Bosnia and Herzegovina		—
	Montenegro		—
	Serbia		—

Two parts of the Treaty of Rome deal with special relationships: Article 299 which sets out the territories to which the treaty applies, supplemented by the accession treaties; and Articles 182-188 and Annex II on association with the non-European countries and territories which have special relations with the... Image File history File links Flag_of_Belgium_(civil). ... July 23 is the 204th day (205th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 161 days remaining. ... 1952 (MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Members of the European Coal and Steel Community The European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) was founded in 1951 (Treaty of Paris), by France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands to pool the steel and coal resources of its member-states. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The European Community (EC), most important of three European Communities, was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_French_Polynesia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... The French Southern Territories (long name: Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands, French: Territoire des Terres australes et antarctiques françaises or TAAF) are antarctic, volcanic islands in the southern Indian Ocean, south of Africa and about equidistant between Africa, Antarctica, and Australia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Saint-Pierre and Miquelon (French Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon) 46°47′N 56°12′W is a French overseas collectivity consisting of several small islands off the eastern coast of Canada near Newfoundland. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Italy. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Luxembourg. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Netherlands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Aruba. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Netherlands_Antilles. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Denmark. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ... The European Community (EC), most important of three European Communities, was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Greenland. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Ireland. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Gibraltar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Guernsey. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Jersey. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_isle_of_man. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... There is also an Akrotiri peninsula on the island of Crete. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Bermuda. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Anguilla. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Montserrat. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Saint_Helena. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_british_indian_ocean_territory. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands. ... Motto: Leo Terram Propriam Protegat (Latin: The Lion shall protect his own land) Official language English Capital Grytviken Commissioner Howard Pearce Area  - Total  - % water not ranked 3,093 km² - Population  - Total (2006 E)  - Density not ranked ~20 n/a; Currency GBP Time zone UTC/GMT -2 National anthem God Save... Image File history File links Flag_of_Greece. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Portugal. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Spain. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Austria. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Finland. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Aaland. ... Motto: None Anthem: Ã…länningens sÃ¥ng Capital Mariehamn Largest city Mariehamn Official language(s) Swedish Government Governor Premier Autonomous Province Peter Lindbäck Roger Nordlund Autonomy 1920 Area  - Total    - Water (%)   6,784 km² (n/a) 2,619 sq mi  77. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Sweden. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Cyprus. ... May 1 is the 121st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (122nd in leap years). ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... There is also an Akrotiri peninsula on the island of Crete. ... De jure is a Latin expression that means by law, as contrasted with de facto, which means in fact. The terms de jure and de facto are used like in principle and in practice when one is describing political situations. ... De facto is a Latin expression that means in fact or in practice. It is commonly used as opposed to de jure (meaning by law) when referring to matters of law or governance or technique (such as standards), that are found in the common experience as created or developed without... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus. ... Political status de facto: Independent de jure: Recognized only by Turkey Official language Turkish Capital LefkoÅŸa (Nicosia) , Founder Rauf DenktaÅŸ President Mehmet Ali Talat Prime Minister Ferdi Sabit Soyer House Speaker Fatma EkenoÄŸlu Area  - Total  - % water 3,355 km² 2. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Nations. ... UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus The UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus is a 300 km (187 mile) separation barrier along the 1974 Green Line (or ceasefire line) between the self-proclaimed Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus and the internationally recognised Republic of Cyprus. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Estonia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Hungary. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Latvia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Lithuania. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Malta. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Poland. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Slovakia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Slovenia. ... To Be Announced (TBA), To Be Confirmed (TBC), and To Be Determined (TBD), almost always used in their abbreviated forms, denote that the datum, of which TB(A/C/D) is a stand-in, is yet to be announced/confirmed/determined at the time of writing. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Bulgaria. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 2007 (MMVII) will be a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) will be a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Romania. ... To Be Announced (TBA), To Be Confirmed (TBC), and To Be Determined (TBD), almost always used in their abbreviated forms, denote that the datum, of which TB(A/C/D) is a stand-in, is yet to be announced/confirmed/determined at the time of writing. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Croatia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Turkey. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Macedonia. ... Motto: (English: ) Anthem: (Transliteration: ) (English: ) Capital Skopje Largest city Skopje Official language(s) Macedonian, Albanian1 Government Parliamentary republic  - President Branko Crvenkovski  - Prime Minister Vlado Bučkovski Independence From Yugoslavia   - Declared September 8, 1991  Area    - Total 25,333 km² (146th)   9,779 sq mi   - Water (%) 1. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Albania. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Montenegro. ... This article is about the country in Europe. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Serbia_(state). ... Motto: none Anthem: Bože Pravde Capital Belgrade Largest city Belgrade Official language(s) Serbian1 Government Republic  - President Boris Tadić  - Prime Minister Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica Independence    - From the Ottoman Empire July 13, 1878   - Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes formed December 1, 1918   - FR Yugoslavia formed April 28, 1992   - Serbia...

Listed by application date

#	State	Application	Status
—	Belgium	—	founding members
	France
	Italy
	Luxembourg
	Netherlands
	West Germany[IVb]
1	Ireland	1st: 31 July 1961 2nd: 11 May 1967	1st: withdrawn after Charles de Gaulle vetoed the United Kingdom's application 2nd: joined 1 January 1973
2–3	Denmark	1st: 10 August 1961 2nd: 11 May 1967
	United Kingdom	1st: 10 August 1961 2nd: 10 May 1967	1st: vetoed by Charles de Gaulle on 14 January 1963 2nd: joined 1 January 1973
4	Norway	1st: 30 April 1962 2nd: 21 July 1967 3rd: 25 November 1992	1st: withdrawn after Charles de Gaulle vetoed the United Kingdom's application 2nd: withdrawn after a referendum on 25 September 1972 3rd: withdrawn after a referendum on 28 November 1994
5	Greece	12 June 1975	joined 1 January 1981
6	Portugal	28 March 1977	joined 1 January 1986
7	Spain	28 July 1977
8	Turkey	14 April 1987	in accession negotiations
9	Morocco	20 July 1987	rejected by the European Council (see geographic criteria)
10	Austria	17 July 1989	joined 1 January 1995
11–12	Cyprus	3 July 1990	joined 1 May 2004
	Malta
13	Sweden	1 July 1991	joined 1 January 1995
14	Finland	18 March 1992
15	Switzerland	25 May 1992	frozen after EEA membership was rejected in a referendum on 6 December 1