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Encyclopedia > List of European Union member states by accession

Contents

 ██ The European Union as a single entity. (world map)
██ The European Union as a single entity. ( world map)

This is a list of European Union member states, their dates of application and accession. It shows the growth of the European Union and its predecessors through enlargement from six members in 1952 to twenty-seven members in 2007; as of 2007, at least seven (possibly even more) are expected to join in its future. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1236x1245, 74 KB) Summary  European Union Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): List of European Union member states ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1236x1245, 74 KB) Summary  European Union Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): List of European Union member states ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1357x628, 88 KB) Summary  European Union Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): List of European Union member states ... The European Union (EU) was created by six founding states in 1958 (following the earlier establishment by the same six states of the European Coal and Steel Community in 1952) and has grown to 27 member states. ... 2007 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ...


The European Union per se was created on 1 November 1993 when the Treaty on European Union came into effect.[1] Twelve of the current twenty-seven member states joined one of the Union's predecessors, either the European Coal and Steel Community (which came into existence on 23 July 1952[2] and ceased to exist exactly 50 years later[3]), the European Economic Community (which came into existence on 1 January 1958[4]), or the European Community (which came into existence on 1 July 1967 as a merger of ECSC, EEC and the European Atomic Energy Community,[5] and is one of the three pillars of the European Union today). Per se is a latin phrase used in english arguments. ... November 1 is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 60 days remaining. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... The Maastricht Treaty (formally, the Treaty on European Union) was signed on 7 February 1992 in Maastricht between the members of the European Community and entered into force on 1 November 1993, under the Delors Commission. ... Members of the European Coal and Steel Community The European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) was founded in 1951 (Treaty of Paris), by France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands to pool the steel and coal resources of its member-states. ... July 23 is the 204th day (205th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 161 days remaining. ... 1952 (MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... The European Community (EC), most important of three European Communities, was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... Year 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The European Community (EC), most important of two European Communities, was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ... July 1 is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 183 days remaining. ... 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (the link is to a full 1967 calendar). ... The European Atomic Energy Community, or EURATOM, is an international organisation composed of the members of the European Union. ... The Treaty of Maastricht which established the European Union, divided EU policies into three main areas, called pillars. ...


Candidate countries

 ██ current members ██ candidate countries ██ potential candidate countries ██ application frozen ██ application rejected by EC ██ accession rejected in a referendum (world map)
██ current members ██ candidate countries ██ potential candidate countries ██ application frozen ██ application rejected by EC ██ accession rejected in a referendum ( world map)
See also: Enlargement of the European Union, Croatia and the European Union, Republic of Macedonia and the European Union, and Turkey and the European Union

In addition to the current twenty-seven member states, a number of other countries are expected to join the European Union in the next two decades. Croatia, the Republic of Macedonia and Turkey are officially candidate countries; Croatia and Turkey are currently in accession negotiations,[6] while negotiations with the Republic of Macedonia are expected to start in 2007.[7] The remaining states in the Balkans (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro and Serbia, including Kosovo under United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244 of 10 June 1999) are officially "potential candidate countries", which means they have a clear perspective for accession over the course of the next decade.[8] Image File history File links European_Union_member_states_with_applications. ... Image File history File links European_Union_member_states_with_applications. ... The European Council, informally called the European summit, is a meeting of the heads of state or government of the European Union, and the President of the European Commission. ... A referendum on whether Norway should join the European Union was held on November 28, 1994. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1357x628, 46 KB)  current members  acceding countries  candidate countries  potential candidate countries  application frozen  application rejected by EC  accession rejected in a referendum File links No pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file. ... The European Union (EU) was created by six founding states in 1958 (following the earlier establishment by the same six states of the European Coal and Steel Community in 1952) and has grown to 27 member states. ... This article treats the accession of Croatia to the European Union. ... Official logo of the process for European integration of Republic of Macedonia The membership of the Republic of Macedonia in the European Union is the highest strategic interest and priority for the Republic of Macedonia (referred to by the European Union (EU)as the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM... Turkeys formal application to join the European Community—the organisation that has since developed into the European Union—was made on April 14, 1987. ... For an explanation of terms related to Macedonia, see Macedonia (terminology). ... Balkan peninsula with northwest border Isonzo-Krka-Sava The Balkans is the historic and geographic name used to describe a region of southeastern Europe. ... Anthem: Oj, svijetla majska zoro Oh, the bright dawn of May Capital (and largest city) Podgorica Serbian (Ijekavian dialect)1 (local also Albanian) Government Republic  - President Filip Vujanović  - Prime Minister Željko Å turanović Independence from Serbia and Montenegro   - Declared June 3, 2006   - Recognised June 8, 2006  Area  - Total 13. ... Anthem: Capital (and largest city)  Belgrade Official languages Serbian written with the Cyrillic alphabet1 Government Republic  - President Boris Tadić  - Prime Minister Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica Establishment    - Formation 8th century   - Independence c. ... Kosovo (Serbian: Косово и Метохија or Kosovo i Metohija, also Космет or Kosmet; Albanian: Kosovë or Kosova) is a province in southern Serbia which has been under United Nations administration since 1999. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with UN General Assembly Resolution 1244. ... June 10 is the 161st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (162nd in leap years), with 204 days remaining. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ...


The European Union's Enlargement Commissioner Olli Rehn originally stated that the next enlargement after Bulgaria and Romania would only happen after 2010, due to the European Union's need to sort out its institutional problems first,[9] the European Commission's President José Manuel Durão Barroso later stated that the provisions in the Treaty of Nice were clear enough; while he considered institutional reform necessary, it was not intended to be a stumbling bloc for countries seeking to join the European Union.[10] However, on 25 September 2006 (the day before the accession date of Bulgaria and Romania was officially made public), Barroso stated that a new treaty would be necessary before further enlargement could occur.[11] The European Commission (formally the Commission of the European Communities) is the executive body of the European Union. ... Olli Rehn Olli Rehn (born 31 March 1962) is a Finnish politician, currently serving as European Commissioner for Enlargement. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The European Commission (formally the Commission of the European Communities) is the executive body of the European Union. ... François-Xavier Ortoli, Romano Prodi, José Manuel Barroso and Jacques Delors The President of the European Commission is notionally the highest ranking unelected official within the European Union bureaucracy. ... This article needs to be updated. ... Treaty of Nice The Treaty of Nice is a treaty adopted in Nice by the European Council to amend the two founding treaties of the European Union: the Treaty on European Union, or Maastricht Treaty, which introduced the Euro and the 3-pillar structure of the EU; the Treaty of... September 25 is the 268th day of the year (269th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...

Countries who failed to join or left

The flag of the Council of Europe and the European Union.
The flag of the Council of Europe and the European Union.
See also: Greenland and the European Union, Morocco and the European Union, Norway and the European Union, and Switzerland and the European Union

Not all accession attempts have been successful, though, and on one occasion a territory even left the European Union (then European Community). Image File history File links European_flag. ... Image File history File links European_flag. ... Flag Ratio: 2:3 The European flag consists of a circle of twelve golden stars on a blue background. ... The Palais de lEurope in Strasbourg Council of Europe Flag: used by the Council of Europe The Council of Europe (French: , German: ) is an international organization of 46 member states in the European region (with Azerbaijan, Armenia, Turkey, Georgia and Cyprus also extending into Southwest Asia and Russia into... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Greenland. ... Morocco and the European Unions relationship has been established since decades ago. ... One of the most important and divisive issues in Norwegian political and economic debate since World War II has been the countrys relationship with the European Union. ... Switzerland took part in negotiating the EEA agreement with the EU and signed the agreement on 2 May 1992 and submitted an application for accession to the EU on 20 May 1992. ...

January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... September 25 is the 268th day of the year (269th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... November 28 is the 332nd day (333rd on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by United Nations. ... An autonomous (subnational) entity is a subnational entity that has a certain amount of autonomy. ... February 1 is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1985 (MCMLXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Devolution or home rule is the statutory granting of powers from the central government of a state to government at national, regional or local level. ... The European Council, informally called the European summit, is a meeting of the heads of state or government of the European Union, and the President of the European Commission. ... The Copenhagen criteria are the rules that define whether a nation is eligible to join the European Union. ...  EFTA countries (except Switzerland)  EU countries Acceding EU countries (in EAA entry talks) Together these form the EEA. The European Economic Area (EEA) came into being on January 1, 1994 following an agreement between the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) and the European Union (EU). ... December 6 is the 340th day (341st on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Media:rofl. ...

Future prospects

 ██ member states ██ membership is declared goal ██ membership under discussion (world map)
██ member states ██ membership is declared goal ██ membership under discussion ( world map)
See also: Armenia and the European Union, Cape Verde and the European Union, Georgia and the European Union, Iceland and the European Union, Israel and the European Union, Moldova and the European Union, and Ukraine and the European Union
This section is incomplete. You can help by adding information about the current situation in the European microstates Monaco and Vatican City, as well as in associated territories (especially Greenland).

It is generally assumed that even with the accession of the states of southeastern Europe, the process of enlargement will not be finished.[20] Image File history File links European_Union_accession_policies. ... Image File history File links European_Union_accession_policies. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1357x628, 46 KB) A map showing national governments policies on EU membership. ... Iceland is not a member state of the European Union (EU) and has never applied for membership. ... The accession of Israel to the European Union refers to a possible future development in the EU-Israel relations. ... The enlargement of the European Union on 1 May 2004 has brought a historical shift for the Union in political, geographic and economic terms, further reinforcing the political and economic interdependence between the EU and Moldova. ... In 2004, the president of Ukraine, Viktor Yushchenko, said that Membership of Ukraine in the European Union is a strategic goal of his foreign policy. ... The European microstates are a handful of very small sovereign states on the European continent and the surrounding islands. ... A microstate is a sovereign state having a very small population or very little land area - usually both. ...

European countries

Armenia,[21][22] Georgia,[23] Moldova[24][25] and Ukraine[26][27][28][29] have stated they would like to join the European Union; however, the European Union's response was lukewarm at best.[30] European Union membership is also the subject of political debate in Andorra,[31][32] Azerbaijan,[33] the Faroe Islands,[34] Iceland,[35] Liechtenstein[36] and San Marino,[37] and the debates in Norway[38] and Switzerland[39] are also still ongoing. While Belarus[40] and Russia[41] are also seen as eligible to join, and while accession to the European Union enjoys public support in Belarus,[42] the lack of democratic structures makes these countries' accession impossible in the short term, especially as the European Union is supporting the Belarussian opposition and civil society in peacefully overthrowing Alexander Lukashenko's regime, which it regards as dictatorial,[43][44] going so far as to offer concrete benefits for democratic reforms.[45][46][47] Furthermore, the European Union is trying to bind Russia more strongly to its own policies and goals through partnership and cooperation agreements.[48] Aleksandr Grigoryevich Lukashenko or Alyaksandar Ryhoravich Lukashenka (Belarusian: , Russian: ) (born August 30, 1954 at Kopys, Vitebsk voblast) has been the President of Belarus since 1994. ...

Non-European countries

Although the Treaty of Maastricht states that only European countries may apply, a number of countries not generally considered European have also considered membership bids. The Maastricht Treaty (formally, the Treaty on European Union) was signed on 7 February 1992 in Maastricht between the members of the European Community and entered into force on 1 November 1993, under the Delors Commission. ...


The island nation of Cape Verde, part of the island region Macaronesia (which is comprised of Cape Verde, the Portuguese islands of the Azores and Madeira and the Spanish Canary Islands) has stated it wishes to join the European Union.[49][50][51] Israel has considered applying for membership;[52] while the European Union and Israel share a common culture, history and society, the ongoing Arab-Israeli and Israeli-Palestinian conflicts and Israel's location in one of the most conflict-ridden regions of the world would be major arguments against its accession. Finally, even Canada's accession has occasionally been proposed, though often rather in a tongue-in-cheek manner;[53] the main arguments used are the very similar cultural standards and viewpoints on matters of international law, especially when juxtaposed with those of the United States. None of the three countries is a member of the Council of Europe, which is a de facto prerequisite for membership under the Copenhagen criteria and the Treaty of Maastricht. Macaronesia Macaronesia, not to be confused with Micronesia, is a modern collective name for several groups of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean near Europe and North Africa belonging to three countries: Portugal, Spain, and Cape Verde. ... Motto: Antes morrer livres que em paz sujeitos (Rather die free than in peace subjugated) Anthem: A Portuguesa (national) Hino dos Açores (local) Capital Ponta Delgada (Presidency of the Regional Government) Angra do Heroísmo (Supreme Court)1 Horta (Legislative Assembly)2 Largest city Ponta Delgada Official languages Portuguese... Motto: Das ilhas, as mais belas e livres (Of the islands, the most beautiful and free) Anthem: A Portuguesa (national) Hino da Região Autónoma da Madeira (local) Capital (largest city) Funchal Portuguese Government Autonomous region  - President Alberto João Jardim Independence    - Settled 1420   - Autonomy 1976  Area  - Total 797... The Canaries is the nickname of Norwich City FC. Capital Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and Santa Cruz de Tenerife Official language(s) Spanish Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % of Spain Ranked 13th  7,447 km²  1. ... Combatants Arab nations Israel Arab-Israeli conflict series History of the Arab-Israeli conflict Views of the Arab-Israeli conflict International law and the Arab-Israeli conflict Arab-Israeli conflict facts, figures, and statistics Participants Israeli-Palestinian conflict · Israel-Lebanon conflict · Arab League · Soviet Union / Russia · Israel and the United... Israel, with the West Bank and Gaza Strip in diagonal stripes The Israeli-Palestinian conflict which is at the heart of the Arab-Israeli conflict, is an ongoing dispute between two peoples, Jewish Israelis and Arab Palestinians, that both claim the right to sovereignty over the land of Israel/Palestine. ... Sarcasm is the making of remarks intended to mock the person referred to (who is normally the person addressed), a situation or thing. ... International law (also called public international law to distinguish from private international law, i. ... The Palais de lEurope in Strasbourg Council of Europe Flag: used by the Council of Europe The Council of Europe (French: , German: ) is an international organization of 46 member states in the European region (with Azerbaijan, Armenia, Turkey, Georgia and Cyprus also extending into Southwest Asia and Russia into... De facto is a Latin expression that means in fact or in practice. It is commonly used as opposed to de jure (meaning by law) when referring to matters of law or governance or technique (such as standards), that are found in the common experience as created or developed without... The Copenhagen criteria are the rules that define whether a nation is eligible to join the European Union. ...


It is generally expected that the states of southeastern Europe will be the next states to join the European Union, and that it will still take some time for Iceland, Norway and Switzerland to join, since public opinion is not yet in favour in those three states. Although Olli Rehn said on 19 May 2006 that he expected Iceland to join the European Union before Croatia would,[54][55] he went back on his statement when he stated on 1 December 2006 that Croatia would likely become the European Union's 28th member state.[56] Balkan peninsula with northwest border Isonzo-Krka-Sava The Balkans is the historic and geographic name used to describe a region of southeastern Europe. ... May 19 is the 139th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (140th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... December 1 is the 335th (in leap years the 336th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...

Listed by accession date

# State Accession Special territories[A]
1–6 Flag of Belgium Belgium 23 July 1952 (ECSC)
1 January 1958 (EEC)
Flag of France France
Flag of Italy Italy
Flag of Luxembourg Luxembourg
Flag of Netherlands Netherlands
Flag of West Germany West Germany[G1]
7–9 Flag of Denmark Denmark 1 January 1973 (EC)
Flag of Republic of Ireland Ireland
Flag of United Kingdom United Kingdom[J]
incl. Flag of Gibraltar Gibraltar

10 Flag of Greece Greece 1 January 1981 (EC)
11–12 Flag of Portugal Portugal 1 January 1986 (EC)
Flag of Spain Spain
13–15 Flag of Austria Austria 1 January 1995
Flag of Finland Finland
incl. Flag of Åland Åland
Flag of Sweden Sweden
16–25 Flag of Cyprus Cyprus[L] 1 May 2004
excl. Akrotiri and Dhekelia[K2] (de iure and de facto)
excl. Flag of Cyprus Cyprus area not under its effective control, the UN Buffer Zone (de facto)
Flag of Czech Republic Czech Republic
Flag of Estonia Estonia
Flag of Hungary Hungary
Flag of Latvia Latvia
Flag of Lithuania Lithuania
Flag of Malta Malta
Flag of Poland Poland
Flag of Slovakia Slovakia
Flag of Slovenia Slovenia
26–27 Flag of Bulgaria Bulgaria 1 January 2007
Flag of Romania Romania
TBD Flag of Croatia Croatia in accession negotiations
Flag of Turkey Turkey
Flag of Republic of Macedonia Republic of Macedonia[M1] candidate country
Flag of Albania Albania potential candidate country
Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina
Flag of Montenegro Montenegro
Flag of Serbia Serbia

Two parts of the Treaty of Rome deal with special relationships: Article 299 which sets out the territories to which the treaty applies, supplemented by the accession treaties; and Articles 182-188 and Annex II on association with the non-European countries and territories which have special relations with the... Image File history File links Flag_of_Belgium_(civil). ... July 23 is the 204th day (205th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 161 days remaining. ... 1952 (MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Members of the European Coal and Steel Community The European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) was founded in 1951 (Treaty of Paris), by France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands to pool the steel and coal resources of its member-states. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... Year 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The European Community (EC), most important of three European Communities, was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_French_Polynesia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Wallis_and_Futuna. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Italy. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Luxembourg. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Netherlands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Aruba. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Netherlands_Antilles_(bordered). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Denmark. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ... The European Community (EC), most important of two European Communities, was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands_(bordered). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Greenland. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Ireland. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Gibraltar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Guernsey. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Jersey. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_isle_of_man. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Anthem: God Save the Queen Akrotiri (left) and Dhekelia Sovereign Base Areas indicated in pink. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Bermuda. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Anguilla. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Montserrat. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Saint_Helena. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_british_indian_ocean_territory. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands. ... South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands is an overseas territory of the United Kingdom, also claimed by Argentina. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Greece. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Portugal. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Spain. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Austria. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Finland_(bordered). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Aaland. ... Motto: none Anthem: Ã…länningens sÃ¥ng Capital (and largest city) Mariehamn Swedish Government Autonomous province  - Governor Peter Lindbäck1  - Premier Roger Nordlund Autonomy    - Declared 1920   - Recognized 19212  Accession to EU January 1, 19953 Area  - Total 13,517 km² (n/a) 5,267 sq mi   - Water (%) 89 Population  - 2005 estimate... Image File history File links Flag_of_Sweden. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Cyprus_(bordered). ... May 1 is the 121st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (122nd in leap years). ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Anthem: God Save the Queen Akrotiri (left) and Dhekelia Sovereign Base Areas indicated in pink. ... De jure is a Latin expression that means by law, as contrasted with de facto, which means in fact. The terms de jure and de facto are used like in principle and in practice when one is describing political situations. ... De facto is a Latin expression that means in fact or in practice. It is commonly used as opposed to de jure (meaning by law) when referring to matters of law or governance or technique (such as standards), that are found in the common experience as created or developed without... Image File history File links Flag_of_Cyprus_(bordered). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Nations. ... UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus The UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus is a 300 km (187 mile) separation barrier along the 1974 Green Line (or ceasefire line) between the self-proclaimed Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus and the internationally recognised Republic of Cyprus. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic_(bordered). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Estonia_(bordered). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Hungary. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Latvia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Lithuania. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Malta_(bordered). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Poland_(bordered). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Slovakia_(bordered). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Slovenia_(bordered). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Bulgaria_(bordered). ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Romania. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Croatia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Turkey. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Macedonia. ... For an explanation of terms related to Macedonia, see Macedonia (terminology). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Albania. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Montenegro. ... Anthem: Oj, svijetla majska zoro Oh, the bright dawn of May Capital (and largest city) Podgorica Serbian (Ijekavian dialect)1 (local also Albanian) Government Republic  - President Filip Vujanović  - Prime Minister Željko Å turanović Independence from Serbia and Montenegro   - Declared June 3, 2006   - Recognised June 8, 2006  Area  - Total 13. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Serbia_(state)_(bordered). ... Anthem: Capital (and largest city)  Belgrade Official languages Serbian written with the Cyrillic alphabet1 Government Republic  - President Boris Tadić  - Prime Minister Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica Establishment    - Formation 8th century   - Independence c. ...

Listed by application date

# State Application Result/status
Flag of Belgium Belgium founding members
Flag of France France
Flag of Italy Italy
Flag of Luxembourg Luxembourg
Flag of Netherlands Netherlands
Flag of West Germany West Germany[G2]
1 Flag of Republic of Ireland Ireland 1st: 31 July 1961
2nd: 11 May 1967
1st: withdrawn after Charles de Gaulle vetoed the United Kingdom's application
2nd: joined 1 January 1973
2–3 Flag of Denmark Denmark 1st: 10 August 1961
2nd: 11 May 1967
Flag of United Kingdom United Kingdom 1st: 10 August 1961
2nd: 10 May 1967
1st: vetoed by Charles de Gaulle on 14 January