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History of the Indian Subcontinent Stone Age 70,000–7000 BCE Mehrgarh Culture 7000–3300 BCE Indus Valley Civilization 3300–1700 BCE Late Harappan Culture 1700–1300 BCE Vedic Civilization 1500–500 BCE Kuru Dynasty 1200–316 BCE Maha Janapadas 700–321 BCE Magadha Empire 684–321 BCE Middle Kingdoms 600 BCE–1279 CE Maurya Empire 321–184 BCE Gupta Empire 240–550 CE Chola Empire 848–1279 CE Islamic Sultanates 979–1596 Hoysala Empire 1040–1346 Delhi Sultanate 1210–1526 Vijayanagara Empire 1336–1565 Mughal Era 1526–1707 Maratha Empire 1674–1761 Colonial Era 1757–1947 Republic of India 1947 onwards General Histories India · Pakistan Bangladesh · Sri Lanka Nepal · Bhutan Regional Histories Punjab · South India · Assam Pakistani Regions · Bengal Specialized Histories Timeline · Dynasties · Economy Maritime · Mathematics · Military Science and Technology The following list of Indian monarchs is one of several lists of incumbents. This article is about the History of South Asia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_India. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Pakistan. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Bangladesh. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Sri_Lanka. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Nepal. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Bhutan. ... The Palaeolithic and Mesolithic in South Asia. ... Human migration denotes any movement by humans from one locality to another, often over long distances or in large groups. ... (8th millennium BC – 7th millennium BC – 6th millennium BC – other millennia) // Events Circa 7000 BC – Agriculture and settlement at Mehrgarh in South Asia. ... Mehrgarh was an ancient settlement in South Asia and is one of the most important sites in archaeology for the study of the earliest neolithic settlements in that region. ... (8th millennium BC – 7th millennium BC – 6th millennium BC – other millennia) Events circa 7000 BC – Agriculture and settlement at Mehrgarh in South Asia circa 6500 BC – English Channel formed circa 6100 BC – The Storegga Slide, causing a megatsunami in the Norwegian Sea circa 6000 BC – Neolithic Age in Korea circa... (34th century BC - 33rd century BC - 32nd century BC - other centuries) (5th millennium BC - 4th millennium BC - 3rd millennium BC) Events Major climate shift possibly due to shift in solar activity. ... The Indus Valley Civilization (3300–1700 BCE) was an ancient civilization thriving along the Indus River and the Ghaggar-Hakra River in what is now Pakistan and Northern India. ... (34th century BC - 33rd century BC - 32nd century BC - other centuries) (5th millennium BC - 4th millennium BC - 3rd millennium BC) Events Major climate shift possibly due to shift in solar activity. ... (Redirected from 1700 BC) (18th century BC - 17th century BC - 16th century BC - other centuries) (1690s BC - 1680s BC - 1670s BC - 1660s BC - 1650s BC - 1640s BC - 1630s BC - 1620s BC - 1610s BC - 1600s BC - 1590s BC - other decades) (3rd millennium BC - 2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC) Events 1700... The Cemetery H culture developed out of the northern part of the Indus Valley Civilization around 1900 BC, in and around the Punjab region. ... (Redirected from 1700 BC) (18th century BC - 17th century BC - 16th century BC - other centuries) (1690s BC - 1680s BC - 1670s BC - 1660s BC - 1650s BC - 1640s BC - 1630s BC - 1620s BC - 1610s BC - 1600s BC - 1590s BC - other decades) (3rd millennium BC - 2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC) Events 1700... (Redirected from 1300 BC) Centuries: 15th century BC - 14th century BC - 13th century BC Decades: 1350s BC 1340s BC 1330s BC 1320s BC 1310s BC - 1300s BC - 1290s BC 1280s BC 1270s BC 1260s BC 1250s BC Events and Trends Cecrops II, legendary King of Athens dies after a reign... The Vedic Civilization is the Indo-Aryan culture associated with the Vedas. ... (Redirected from 1500 BC) Centuries: 17th century BC - 16th century BC - 15th century BC Decades: 1550s BC 1540s BC 1530s BC 1520s BC 1510s BC - 1500s BC - 1490s BC 1480s BC 1470s BC 1460s BC 1450s BC Events and Trends Stonehenge built in Wiltshire, England The element Mercury has been... Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 550s BC - 540s BC - 530s BC - 520s BC - 510s BC - 500s BC - 490s BC - 480s BC - 470s BC - 460s BC - 450s BC Events and Trends 509 BC - Foundation of the Roman Republic 508 BC - Office of pontifex maximus created... The position of the Kuru kingdom in Iron Age Vedic India. ... (Redirected from 1200 BC) Centuries: 14th century BC - 13th century BC - 12th century BC Decades: 1250s BC 1240s BC 1230s BC 1220s BC 1210s BC - 1200s BC - 1190s BC 1180s BC 1170s BC 1160s BC 1150s BC Events and Trends 1204 BC - Theseus, legendary King of Athens is deposed after... Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 321 BC 320 BC 319 BC 318 BC 317 BC 316 BC 315 BC 314 BC 313... Mahajanapadas (महाजनपद) literally means Great kingdoms (from Sanskrit Maha = great, Janapada = foothold of tribe = country). ... Centuries: 9th century BC - 8th century BC - 7th century BC Decades: 750s BC 740s BC 730s BC 720s BC 710s BC - 700s BC - 690s BC 680s BC 670s BC 660s BC 650s BC Events and Trends 708 BC - Spartan immigrants found Taras (Tarentum, the modern Taranto) colony in southern Italy. ... Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC - 320s BC - 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 326 BC 325 BC 324 BC 323 BC 322 BC - 321 BC - 320 BC 319 BC 318... Magadha was an ancient kingdom of India, mentioned in both the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. ... Centuries: 8th century BC - 7th century BC - 6th century BC Decades: 730s BC 720s BC 710s BC 700s BC 690s BC - 680s BC - 670s BC 660s BC 650s BC 640s BC 630s BC Events and trends 689 BC - King Sennacherib of Assyria sacks Babylon 687 BC - Gyges becomes king of... Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC - 320s BC - 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 326 BC 325 BC 324 BC 323 BC 322 BC - 321 BC - 320 BC 319 BC 318... Middle kingdoms of India refers to the political entities in India from the 6th century BCE through to the Islamic invasions and the related Decline of Buddhism from the 7th century CE. // Kingdoms and Empires The Aryans had invaded India from the Northwest, according to the Aryan Invasion Theory, and... Centuries: 8th century BC - 7th century BC - 6th century BC Decades: 650s BC 640s BC 630s BC 620s BC 610s BC - 600s BC - 590s BC 580s BC 570s BC 560s BC 550s BC Events and Trends Fall of the Assyrian Empire and Rise of Babylon 609 BC _ King Josiah... For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ... Chandragupta Maurya (ruled 322–298 BC), known to the Greeks as Sandracottus, was the first emperor of the Mauryan empire. ... Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC - 320s BC - 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 326 BC 325 BC 324 BC 323 BC 322 BC - 321 BC - 320 BC 319 BC 318... Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC 200s BC 190s BC - 180s BC - 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC 130s BC Years: 189 BC 188 BC 187 BC 186 BC 185 BC - 184 BC - 183 BC 182 BC... The Gupta Empire in 400 CE (not including vassal states) The Gupta Empire was one of the largest political and military empires in ancient India. ... For alternate uses, see Number 240. ... Events End of the Eastern Wei Dynasty and beginning of the Northern Qi Dynasty in northern China. ... The Cholas were the most famous of the three dynasties that ruled ancient Tamil Nadu. ... Events The Borobudur is completed. ... For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ... During the middle ages, several Islamic regimes established empires in India. ... Events: The Tynwald, the parliament of the Isle of Man, is founded. ... Events February 5 - 26 catholics crucified in Nagasaki, Japan. ... The Hoysala Empire ruled part of southern India from 1000 to 1346. ... Events March War of Independence of Western Xia occurred. ... // Events Serbian Empire was proclaimed in Skopje by Dusan Silni, occupying much of the South-Eastern Europe Foundation of the University of Valladolid Foundation of Pembroke College, University of Cambridge August 26 Battle of Crecy after which Edward the Black Prince honored the bravery of John I, Count of Luxemburg... The Delhi Sultanate (دلی سلطنت), or Sulthanath-e-Hind(سلطنتِ ہند)/Sulthanath-e-Dilli(سلطنتِ دلی) refers to the various Afghan dynasties that ruled in India from 1210 to 1526. ... Events End of the reign of Emperor Tsuchimikado, emperor of Japan Emperor Juntoku ascends to the throne of Japan Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor excommunicated by Pope Innocent III for invading southern Italy in 1210 Gottfried von Strassburg writes his epic poem Tristan about 1210 Beginning of Delhi Sultanate Births... Events January 14 - Treaty of Madrid. ... The Vijayanagara empire was based in the Deccan, in peninsular and southern India, from 1336 onwards. ... Events End of the Kemmu restoration and beginning of the Muromachi period in Japan. ... Events March 1 - the city of Rio de Janeiro is founded April 27 - Cebu City is established becoming the first Spanish settlement in the Philippines. ... // The Mughal Empire Main article: Mughal Empire India in the 16th century presented a fragmented picture of rulers, both Muslim and Hindu, who lacked concern for their subjects and who failed to create a common body of laws or institutions. ... Events January 14 - Treaty of Madrid. ... Events January 1 - John V is crowned King of Portugal April 25 - Allied army is defeated by Bourbonic army at Almansa (Spain) in the War of the Spanish Succession. ... Extent of the Maratha Confederacy ca. ... Events February 19 - England and the Netherlands sign the Treaty of Westminster. ... 1761 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... In 1498, the Portuguese set foot in Goa. ... 1757 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ... // Introduction The first known use of the word Punjab is in the book Tarikh-e-Sher Shah (1580), which mentions the construction of a fort by Sher Khan of Punjab. The name is mentioned again in Ain-e-Akbari (part 1), written by Abul Fazal, who also mentions that the... The history of South India begins with the Sangam age, from 200 BC to 300 AD. It is called so after the sangam literature. ... The history of Assam is the history of a confluence of peoples from the east, west and the north; the confluence of the Indo-Aryan, Austro-Asiatic and the Tibeto-Burman cultures. ... The historical regions of Pakistan are former states, provinces and territories which mainly existed between 1947 and 1975 when the current provinces and territories were finally established. ... Bengal had been quite distant and cut off (by the rivers, especially the Ganga and the Brahmaputra) from the mainland of India for ages. ... This is a timeline of Indian history. ... India has had a maritime history dating back around 5,000 years. ... The chronology of Indian mathematics spans from the Indus Valley civilization (3300-1500 BC) and Vedic civilization (1500-500 BC) to modern India (21st century CE). ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... These are lists of incumbents, i. ... Rulers who ruled a large part of the Indian subcontinent and were based in South Asia will be included in this list. Composite satellite image of the Indian subcontinent Map of South Asia. ... South Asia or Southern Asia is a southern geopolitical region of the Asian continent comprising territories on and in proximity to the Indian subcontinent. ... For more information, see History of South Asia. This article is about the History of South Asia. ... Contents 1 Puru-Bharata Dynasty (c. 1600 BC - 1013 CE) 1.1 Bharata Dynasty (c. 1600-1400 BC) 1.2 Puru Dynasty (c. 1400-1200 BC) 1.3 Kuru Dynasty (c. 1200-450 BC) 1.4 Paurava Dynasty (c. 450-316 BC) 1.5 Janjua Shahi Dynasty (960-1026 CE) 2 Magadhan Emperors (c. 684 BC - 550 CE) 2.1 Shishunaga Dynasty (684-424 BC) 2.2 Shakya Dynasty (c. 650-500 BC) 2.3 Nanda Dynasty (424-321 BC) 2.4 Maurya Dynasty (324-184 BC) 2.5 Shunga Dynasty (185-73 BC) 2.6 Gupta Dynasty (c. 240-550 CE) 3 Pandya Dynasty (c. 550 BC - Present) 3.1 Central Pandya Dynasty (c. 550 BC - 1311 CE) 3.2 Pandalam Dynasty (903 - Present) 4 Foreign Emperors in Western India (c. 538 BC - 715 CE) 4.1 Persian Achaemenid Dynasty (c. 538-330 BC) 4.2 Macedonian Dynasty (326-323 BC) 4.3 Seleucid Diadochi (323-321 BC) 4.4 Umayyad Dynasty (711-715 CE) 5 Chera Dynasty (c. 300 BC - 1314 CE) 5.1 Ancient Chera Kings (c. 300 BC - 397 CE) 5.2 Kulashekhara Dynasty (825-1314 CE) 6 Satavahana Dynasty (c. 230 BC - 199 CE) 7 Hellenistic Euthydemid Dynasty (c. 221-85 BC) 8 Chola Dynasty (c. 100 CE - 1279 CE) 8.1 Sangam Cholas (c. 100 C.E. - 240 C.E.) 8.2 Chola Emperors (848-1279 CE) 9 Indo-Scythian Rulers (c. 85 BC - 45 CE) 9.1 North-western India (c. 90 BC - 10 CE) 9.2 Apracharaja Rulers (12 BC - 45 CE) 9.3 Mathura area (c. 20 BC - 20 CE) 9.4 Minor local rulers 10 Indo-Parthian Rulers (c. 21-100 CE) 11 Kushana Dynasty (80-225) 12 Pallava Dynasty (275-882) 12.1 Early Pallavas (275-355) 12.2 Middle Pallavas (355-537) 12.3 Later Pallavas (537-882) 13 Kadambas of Banavasi (345-525) 14 Ganga dynasty of Talakad (350-550A.D) 15 Chalukya Dynasty (543-1156) 15.1 Chalukyas of Badami (543-757) 15.2 Chalukyas of Kalyani (973-1156) 16 Shashanka dynasy (600-625) 17 Harsha dynasty (606-648) 18 Rashtrakutas of Manyaketha (735-982) 19 Shahi Dynasty (c. 890-895) 19.1 Brahmin Shahi Dynasty (c. 890-960) 19.2 Janjua Shahi Dynasty (960-1013) 20 Hoysala Dynasty (1000-1346) 21 Delhi Sultanate (1206-1526) 21.1 Slave Dynasty (1206-1290) 21.2 Khilji Dynasty (1290-1320) 21.3 Tughlaq Dynasty (1321-1398) 21.4 Sayyid Dynasty (1414-1451) 21.5 Lodi Dynasty (1451-1526) 22 Bahmani Sultanate (1322-1527) 23 Vijayanagara Empire (1336-1660) 23.1 Sangama Dynasty (1336-1487) 23.2 Saluva Dynasty (1490-1567) 23.3 Tuluva Dynasty (1542-1614) 24 Mughal Empire (1526-1857) 24.1 Mughal Dynasty (first rule, 1526-1540) 24.2 Suri Dynasty (1540-1555) 24.3 Mughal Dynasty (restored, 1555-1857) 25 Maratha Empire (1674-1818) 25.1 Chhatrapatis at Satara 25.2 Chhatrapatis at Kolhapur 25.3 The Peshwas 25.4 Maharajas of Thanjavur 25.5 Scindia Rulers of Gwalior 26 The major Muslim vassals of the Mughal/British Paramountcy (1707-1856) 26.1 Nawabs of Bengal (1707-1770) 26.2 Nawabs of Awadh=Oudh (1722-1856) 26.3 Nizams of Hyderabad (1724-1948) 27 Rulers of Mysore/Khudadad (1399-1950) 27.1 Wodeyar Dynasty (First rule, 1399-1782) 27.2 Islamic Rulers of Mysore (1766-1799) 27.3 Wodeyar Dynasty (Restored) (1799-1950) 28 British Emperors of India (1877-1947) 29 See also 30 Sources and External links Puru-Bharata Dynasty (c. 1600 BC - 1013 CE) // For other uses, see Dynasty (disambiguation). ... Bharata Dynasty (c. 1600-1400 BC) Manu Vaivasvata (from c. 1600 BC) Sudyumna Yayati, great-grandson of Sudyumna Dushyanta, father of Bharata Bharata, son of Dushyanta, India's native name Bharatavarsha (Bharat) is named after him Bhimanyu, son of Bharata Sudas Rsabha Srestha Vidura Bharata Muni Artha-Vinirnayah (until c. 1400 BC) Dushyanta (or Dushyant) is an ancient king in Hindu mythology. ... Bharata was the first king to conquer all of the world as known to the adherents of Hinduism, uniting it into a single entity which was named after him as Bharatavarsha. ... Bharata was the first king to conquer all of the world as known to the adherents of Hinduism, uniting it into a single entity which was named after him as Bharatavarsha. ... Bharatavarsha (Bharat or Bharatvarsha) is the name in Sanskrit, Hindi and the languages of India for the World, but properly the Indian subcontinent. ... ... Puru Dynasty (c. 1400-1200 BC) Puru-rava Aila (from c. 1400 BC), descendant of the Bharata dynasty Ayu Yayati Nahushya Dauhshanti Saudyumni Ajamidha Riksha Trasadasyu Samavarana (until c. 1200 BC) Kuru Dynasty (c. 1200-450 BC) Kuru-Sravana (from c. 1200 BC), son of Puru king Samavarana, featured in the ancient epic Mahabharata (see Kuru (Hindu mythology)) Uchchaihsravas Kaupayeya Prati sutvana Bahlika Pratipeya Santnu Dhritarashtra, featured in the Mahabharata Parikshita, featured in the Mahabharata as the grandson of Arjuna Pandava (a central character) Janamejaya (until c. 1000 BC), son of Parikshita Korayvya (c. 600-550 BC) Dhananjaya (c. 550-500 BC), said to be a descendant of Yudhishtra Pandava (a central character in the Mahabharata) Ratthapala (c. 500-450 BC), embraced Buddhism, the Kuru kingdom soon became a republic The position of the Kuru kingdom in Iron Age Vedic India. ... The Mahabharata (Devanagari: महाभारत, phonetically Mahābhārata - see note), sometimes just called Bharata, is one of the two major ancient Sanskrit epics of India, the other being the Ramayana. ... In the Mahabharata, Kuru is a legendary king, the progenitor of the Kuru clan, to both the Kauravas and the Pandavas, the principal characters of the Mahabharata, belong. ... In Mahabharata Dhritarashtra was the son bore by Vichitraviryas first wife Ambika from Vyasa. ... The Mahabharata (Devanagari: महाभारत, phonetically Mahābhārata - see note), sometimes just called Bharata, is one of the two major ancient Sanskrit epics of India, the other being the Ramayana. ... Parikshita is in the Mahabharata epic the successor of Yudhisthira to the throne of Hastinapura. ... The Mahabharata (Devanagari: महाभारत, phonetically Mahābhārata - see note), sometimes just called Bharata, is one of the two major ancient Sanskrit epics of India, the other being the Ramayana. ... Krishna to Arjuna: Behold My mystic opulence! Artwork © courtesy of The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Arjuna (Sanskrit: अर्जुन, arjuna) is one of the heroes of the epic Hindu Mahabharata. ... In the Mahabharata, the Pandava are the five acknowledged sons of Pandu, by his two wives Kunti and Madri. ... Coin of the Shahi king Spalapati Deva, circa 750-900 Gen. ... ... In the Mahabharata, the Pandava are the five acknowledged sons of Pandu, by his two wives Kunti and Madri. ... Buddhism is a religion and philosophy based on the teachings of the Buddha, Siddhārtha Gautama, who lived in the 5th century BCE. Buddhism spread throughout the ancient Indian sub-continent in the five centuries following his death, and propagated into Central, Southeast, and East Asia over the next two... Paurava Dynasty (c. 450-316 BC) Ambhi (Omphis/Taxiles in Greek) (until c. 320 BC), descendant of the Kuru dynasty, ruled Taxila (Takshashila) in Pakistan, surrendered Taxila to Alexander Purushottama (Porus in Greek) (until c. 320 BC), descendant of the Kuru dynasty, ruled Jhelum (Hydaspes) and Chenab in Pakistan, fought Alexander in the Battle of the Hydaspes River Malayketu (c. 320-316 BC), son of Purushottama (Porus), killed in the Battle of Gabiene The pauravas was the name given to the many petty kingdoms and tribes of ancient NW India in the 5th and 4th centuries BCE. The Pauravas were all situated on or near the Indus river where their monarchs grew rich and prosperous through trade. ... Taxiles (in Greek Tαξιλης; lived 4th century BC) was a prince or king, who reigned over the tract between the Indus and the Hydaspes rivers, in the Punjab at the period of the expedition of Alexander the Great, 327 BC. His real name was Ambhi, and the Greeks appear to... hgfghg ... Taxiles (in Greek Tαξιλης; lived 4th century BC) was a prince or king, who reigned over the tract between the Indus and the Hydaspes rivers, in the Punjab at the period of the expedition of Alexander the Great, 327 BC. His real name was Ambhi, and the Greeks appear to... The position of the Kuru kingdom in Iron Age Vedic India. ... Taxila (Urdu: ٹپکسلا ) (Sanskrit: तक्षशिला, taká¹£aÅ›ilā) is an archaeological site, located in the Punjab (ancient Gandhara) province of Pakistan, west of the Islamabad Capital Territory and Rawalpindi, on the border of the Punjab and North West Frontier Province and just off the Grand Trunk Road. ... This article needs cleanup. ... Taxila (Urdu: ٹپکسلا ) (Sanskrit: तक्षशिला, taká¹£aÅ›ilā) is an archaeological site, located in the Punjab (ancient Gandhara) province of Pakistan, west of the Islamabad Capital Territory and Rawalpindi, on the border of the Punjab and North West Frontier Province and just off the Grand Trunk Road. ... Bust of Alexander the Great in the British Museum. ... For the mythological figures, see Porus (Greek mythology) and Porus (Roman mythology). ... Alexander and Porus by Charles Le Brun, 1673 Porus, the Greek version of the Indian names Puru, Pururava or Purushottama, was the ruler of a Kingdom that was located between what is now known as the Jhelum and the Chenab rivers (in Greek sources called Hydaspes and Acesines) in the... The position of the Kuru kingdom in Iron Age Vedic India. ... The Jhelum River is the largest and most western of the five rivers of the Punjab province of Pakistan. ... Hydaspes is the ancient Greek name for the modern-day Jhelum river. ... The Chenab River rises in the Himalayan ranges of Kashmir and flows through the plains of the Punjab, forming the boundary between the Rechna and the Jech Doabs. ... Combatants Macedon Hydaspes (Indian kingdom) Commanders Alexander the Great Porus Strength 4,000 cavalry 50,000 infantry 6,000 cavalry 30,000 infantry 200 war elephants Casualties Many infantry (900-4000 dead) Few cavalry Many cavalry Many infantry ~100 war elephants The Battle of the Hydaspes River was a battle... Battle of Gabiene (316 BC) was a second great battle (after Paraitacene) between Antigonus and Eumenes in the wars of the diadochi (successors of Alexander the Great). ... Janjua Shahi Dynasty (960-1026 CE) Jayapala (960-1001), son of Asatapala, descendant of the Kuru dynasty and Shahi dynasty, descendant of Janamejaya Anandapala (c. 1001-1011), son of Jayapala Trilochanpala (c. 1011-1022), son of Anandapala, assasinated in 1021-1022 Bhímapála (c. 1022-1026), son of Tirlochanpala. Coin of the Shahi king Spalapati Deva, circa 750-900 Gen. ... Coin of the Shahi king Spalapati Deva, circa 750-900. ... Jayapala Shahi Son of Asatapala, succeeded the last Brahmin Hindu Shahi Bhima and thus began the start of the Janjua Shahi phase. ... The position of the Kuru kingdom in Iron Age Vedic India. ... Coin of the Shahi king Spalapati Deva, circa 750-900. ... Janamejaya, was the son of Arjunas (Mahabharata)grandson Parikishit. ... Magadhan Emperors (c. 684 BC - 550 CE) Magadha was an ancient kingdom of India, mentioned in both the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. ... Emperor is also a Norwegian black metal band; see Emperor (band). ... Shishunaga Dynasty (684-424 BC) Shishunaga (684-644 BC), established the kingdom of Magadha Kakavarna (644-618 BC) Kshemadharman (618-582 BC) Kshatraujas (582-558 BC) Bimbisara (544-491 BC), founder of the first Magadhan empire Ajatashatru (491-461 BC) Darshaka (from 461 BC) Udayin Nandivardhana Mahanandin (until 424 BC), his empire is inherited by his illegitimate son Mahapadma Nanda Shishunaga dynasty of north India ruled the Magadhan Empire from 684 BCE to 424 BCE. Its dynastic succession was: Shishunaga (ruled from around 684 BCE) Kakavarna Kshemadharman Kshatraujas Bimbisara 544 BCE - 491 BCE Ajatashatru 491 BCE - 461 BCE Darshaka Udayin Nandivardhana Mahanandin Mahavira and Gautama Buddha lived during the period... Magadha was an ancient kingdom of India, mentioned in both the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. ... Bimbisara (ruled 544-491 BCE) was a king of the Magadha empire. ... Ajatashatru (ruled 491-461 BCE) was a king of the Magadha empire that ruled north India. ... Mahanandin was the king of Sisunga Dynasty ... Shakya Dynasty (c. 650-500 BC) Suddhodana Gautama (c. 600-500 BC), king of the Shakyas, father of Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) Maya (c. 600-500 BC), queen of the Shakyas, wife and cousin of Suddhodana, mother of Siddhartha Suprahuddha (c. 600-500 BC), lord of Devadaha Castle, brother of Maya, father of princess Yashodhara (wife of Buddha) Silver coin of the Shakyas (600-500 BC) The Shakya (or Sakya) were a clan of Hindu kshatriyas. ... Suddhodana was the father of Siddhartha Gautama, later known as the Buddha. ... Standing Buddha, ancient region of Gandhara, northern Pakistan, 1st century CE. Gautama Buddha was a South Asian spiritual leader who lived between approximately 563 BCE and 483 BCE. Born Siddhartha Gautama in Sanskrit, a name meaning descendant of Gotama whose aims are achieved/who is efficacious in achieving aims, he... A stone image of the Buddha. ... Queen Mayas white elephant dream, and the conception of the Buddha. ... Nanda Dynasty (424-321 BC) Mahapadma Nanda (from 424 BC), illegitimate son of Mahanandin, founded the Nanda Empire after inheriting Mahanandin's empire Pandhuka Panghupati Bhutapala Rashtrapala Govishanaka Dashasidkhaka Kaivarta Dhana (Agrammes, Xandrammes) (until 321 BC), lost his empire to Chandragupta Maurya after being defeated by him Nanda dynasty was established by an illegitimate son of the king Mahanandin of the previous Shishunaga dynasty. ... Mahanandin was the king of Sisunga Dynasty ... Nanda dynasty was established by an illegitimate son of the king Mahanandin of the previous Shishunaga dynasty. ... Chandragupta Maurya (ruled 322–298 BC), also known as Sandrokottos to the Greeks, was the founder of the Mauryan Empire. ... Maurya Dynasty (324-184 BC) Chandragupta Maurya (Sandrakottos) (324-301 BC), founded the Mauryan Empire after defeating both the Nanda Empire and the Macedonian Seleucid Empire, claimed descent from Shakya dynasty Bindusara Amitraghata (301-273 BC) Ashoka Vardhana (Ashoka the Great) (273-232 BC), considered the greatest ancient Indian emperor, first emperor to unify India (after conquering most of South Asia and Afghanistan), adopt Buddhism, grant animal rights and promote non-violence Dasaratha (232-224 BC) Samprati (224-215 BC) Salisuka (215-202 BC) Devavarman (202-195 BC) Satadhanvan (195-187 BC), the Mauryan Empire had shrunk by the time of his reign Brhadrata (187-184 BC), assassinated by Pusyamitra Shunga The Mauryan dynasty ruled the Mauryan empire, the first unified empire of India, from 322 BCE to 183 BCE. The rulers of the Mauryan dynasty were: Chandragupta Maurya (322 - 298 BCE) - founder of the Mauryan empire. ... Chandragupta Maurya (ruled 322–298 BC), also known as Sandrokottos to the Greeks, was the founder of the Mauryan Empire. ... Chandragupta Maurya (ruled 322–298 BC), also known as Sandrokottos to the Greeks, was the founder of the first imperial power in India, and became the first Emperor of the Mauryan Empire. ... The Mauryan empire (321 to 185 BCE), at its largest extent around 230 BCE. The Lion Capital of Asoka, erected around 250 BCE. It is the emblem of India. ... Nanda dynasty was established by an illegitimate son of the king Mahanandin of the previous Shishunaga dynasty. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Silver coin of the Shakyas (600-500 BC) The Shakya (or Sakya) were a clan of Hindu kshatriyas. ... After ruling for about twenty five years, Chandragupta left his throne to his son Bindusara and became a Jain ascetic. ... Emperor Ashoka (a possible picturisation) Ashoka the Great (Devanagari: अशोक; IAST transliteration: ) was the emperor of the Mauryan Empire from 273 BCE to 232 BCE. After a number of military conquests, Ashoka reigned over most of South Asia and beyond, from present-day Afghanistan to Bengal and as far south as... This article is about Ashoka, the emperor. ... Prehistory The prehistory of India goes back to the old Stone age (Palaeolithic). ... South Asia or Southern Asia is a southern geopolitical region of the Asian continent comprising territories on and in proximity to the Indian subcontinent. ... Buddhism is a religion and philosophy based on the teachings of the Buddha, Siddhārtha Gautama, who lived in the 5th century BCE. Buddhism spread throughout the ancient Indian sub-continent in the five centuries following his death, and propagated into Central, Southeast, and East Asia over the next two... The logo of the Great Ape Project, which is campaigning for a Declaration on Great Apes. ... Nonviolence (or non-violence) is a set of assumptions about morality, power and conflict that leads its proponents to reject the use of violence in efforts to attain social or political goals. ... Dasaratha Maurya was a king of the Mauryan empire, ruling 232 - 224 BC. He was the successor of Ashoka the Great. ... Samprati Maurya was a king of the Mauryan empire. ... Salisuka Maurya was a king of the Mauryan empire. ... Devavarman Maurya was a king of the Mauryan empire. ... Satadhanvan Maurya was a king of the Mauryan empire. ... The Mauryan empire (321 to 185 BCE), at its largest extent around 230 BCE. The Lion Capital of Asoka, erected around 250 BCE. It is the emblem of India. ... Brhadrata was the last ruler of the Indian Mauryan dynasty. ... Pusyamitra Sunga (also Pushyamitra Shunga) was the founder of the Indian Sunga dynasty (185-78 BCE). ... Shunga Dynasty (185-73 BC) Pusyamitra Shunga (185-151 BC), founded the dynasty after assasinating Brhadrata Agnimitra (from 151 BC), son and successor of Pusyamitra Bhagabhadra, mentioned by the Puranas Devabhuti (until 73 BC), last Sunga king The Sunga dynasty ruled the Sunga empire of central and eastern India from 185 BCE to around 73 BCE. Some of its main rulers were: Pusyamitra Sunga, founder of the dynasty. ... Pusyamitra Sunga (also Pushyamitra Shunga) was the founder of the Indian Sunga dynasty (185-78 BCE). ... Brhadrata was the last ruler of the Indian Mauryan dynasty. ... The Puranas (Sanskrit पुराण, purāṇá ancient, since they focus on ancient history of the universe) are part of Hindu Smriti; these religious scriptures discuss varied topics like devotion to God in his various aspects, traditional sciences like Ayurveda, Jyotish, cosmology, concepts like dharma, karma, reincarnation and many others. ... Gupta Dynasty (c. 240-550 CE) Sri-Gupta I (c. 240-290) Ghatotkacha (290-305) Chandra Gupta I (305-335), founder of the Gupta Empire, which is often regarded as the golden age of Indian culture Samudra Gupta (335-370) Rama Gupta (370-375) Chandra Gupta II (Chandragupta Vikramaditya) (375-415), son of Samudra Gupta, the Gupta Empire achieved its zenith under his reign, the Chinese pilgrim Fa-Hsien describes Indian culture during his reign Kumara Gupta I (415-455) Skanda Gupta (455-467) Kumara Gupta II (467-477) Buddha Gupta (477-496) Chandra Gupta III (496-500) Vainya Gupta (500-515) Narasimha Gupta (510-530) Kumara Gupta III (530-540) Vishnu Gupta (c. 540-550) The Gupta dynasty ruled the Gupta Empire of India, from around 320 to 550. ... In the Mahabharata, Ghatotkacha is the son of Bhima and Hidimbi. ... Italic textei peOpLe!! .. iF thiS is fOr uR a. ... The Gupta Empire in 400 CE (not including vassal states) The Gupta Empire was one of the largest political and military empires in ancient India. ... The Golden Age by Pietro da Cortona. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Samudragupta, ruler of the Gupta Empire (c. ... The period of prominence of the Gupta dynasty is very often referred to as the Golden Age of India. ... The period of prominence of the Gupta dynasty is very often referred to as the Golden Age of India. ... Faxian (pinyin, Chinese characters: 法顯, also romanized as Fa-Hien or Fa-hsien) (ca. ... Silver coin of King Kumaragupta (414-455 CE). ... Skandagupta was a ruler of northern India under the Gupta dynasty. ... Pandya Dynasty (c. 550 BC - Present) The Pandyan kingdom was an ancient state at the tip of South India, founded around the 6th century BCE. It was part of the Dravidian cultural area, which also comprised other kingdoms such as that of the Pallava, the Chera, the Chola, the Chalukya and the Vijayanagara. ... Central Pandya Dynasty (c. 550 BC - 1311 CE) Kulasekara (c. 550-450 BC) Pandion (c. 50 BC - 50 CE), known as Pandion to Greeks and Romans Kadungon (c. 600-700 CE), revived the dynasty Pandalathu Thampuran (from c. 1102) Punjattil Thampuran (from c. 1102) Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan (1251-1268), revived Pandyan glory, considered one of the greatest conquerors of Southern India Maravarman Sundara Pandyan Maravarman Kulasekaran I (1268-1308) Sundara Pandya (1308-1311), son of Maravarman Kulasekaran, fought with his brother Vira Pandya over the throne Vira Pandya (1308-1311), son of Maravarman Kulasekaran, fought with his brother of Sundara Pandya over the throne, Madurai was conquered by the Khilji dynasty The Pandyan kingdom was an ancient state at the tip of South India, founded around the 6th century BCE. It was part of the Dravidian cultural area, which also comprised other kingdoms such as that of the Pallava, the Chera, the Chola, the Chalukya and the Vijayanagara. ... Pandion can have several meanings. ... The Roman Forum was the central area around which ancient Rome developed. ... The tone of this article is inappropriate for an encyclopedia article. ... South India is a geographic and linguistic-cultural region of India. ... Madurai (மதுரை in Tamil) is situated on the banks of Vaigai River in Tamil Nadu, a southern Indian state. ... The Khilji or Khalji were a dynasty of Indian rulers. ... Pandalam Dynasty (903 - Present) Raja Rajasekhara (c. 1200-1500), descendant of the Pandya Dynasty, father of Ayyappa (often regarded as a Hindu deity) Punartham Naal Ravi Varma Thampuran (c. 1950-2002) Revathi Nal Rama Varma Raja (2002 - Present), currently the Raja of the Pandalam dynasty, living in Kerala at present The Pandyan kingdom was an ancient state at the tip of South India, founded around the 6th century BCE. It was part of the Dravidian cultural area, which also comprised other kingdoms such as that of the Pallava, the Chera, the Chola, the Chalukya and the Vijayanagara. ...   The Hindu god Ayyappan is one of southern India’s most revered deities. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... A Raja (sometimes spelled Rajah) is a king, or princely ruler from the Kshatriya lineages. ... Kerala (IPA: ; Malayalam: കേരളം — ) is a state on the tropical Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ... Foreign Emperors in Western India (c. 538 BC - 715 CE) These empires were vast, centered in Iran or the Mediterreanan; their satrapies (provinces) in India were at their outskirts. A map of West India. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Persian Achaemenid Dynasty (c. 538-330 BC) Cyrus the Great, (c. 538-529 BC), established the Achaemenid Empire, conquered parts of what is now Pakistan Cambyses II (530-521 BC) Smerdis (521 BC) Darius I (521-486 BC) Xerxes I (486-465 BC) Artaxerxes I (474-424 BC) Xerxes II (424-423 BC) Sogdianus (424-423 BC) Darius II (424-404 BC) Artaxerxes II (404-358 BC) Artaxerxes III (358-338 BC) Artaxerxes IV Arses (338-336 BC) Darius III Codomannus (336-330 BC), defeated by King Alexander the Great (who replaces the Achaemenid Empire with the Macedonian Empire) The term Persian Empire refers to a series of historical empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau. ... The Persepolis Ruins The Achaemenid dynasty (Old Persian:Hakamanishiya, Persian: هخامنشیان) - was a dynasty in the ancient Persian Empire. ... Cyrus the Great Cyrus II of Persia, also known as Cyrus the Great or Cyrus the Elder, (ca. ... Achaemenid Empire The Achaemenid Dynasty was a dynasty in the ancient Persian Empire, including Cyrus II the Great, Darius I and Xerxes I. At the height of their power, the Achaemenid rulers of Persia ruled over territories roughly emcompassing some parts of todays Iraq, Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Lebanon... Cambyses II (Persian Kambujiya), was the name borne by the son of Cyrus the Great. ... Smerdis was a Persian king of infamous memory. ... Seal of Darius I, showing the king hunting on his chariot, and the symbol of Ahuramazda Darius the Great (Pers. ... Xerxes I (خشایارشاه), was a Persian king (reigned 485 - 465 BC) of the Achaemenid dynasty. ... Artaxerxes I was king of Persia from 464 BC to 424 BC. He belonged to the Achaemenid dynasty and was the successor of Xerxes I. He is mentioned in two books of the Bible, Ezra and Nehemiah. ... Xerxes II was a Persian king and the son and successor of Artaxerxes I. After a reign of forty-five days, he was assassinated in 424 BC by his brother Sogdianus, who in turn was murdered by Darius II. He is an obscure historical figure known primarily from the writings... Sogdianus , king of Persia (424 - 423 BC). ... Darius II, originally called Ochus and often surnamed Nothus (from Greek νοθος, meaning bastard), was emperor of Persia from 423 BC to 404 BC. Artaxerxes I, who died shortly after December 24, 424 BC, was followed by his son Xerxes II. After a month and a half Xerxes was murdered... Artaxerxes II (c. ... Artaxerxes III ruled Persia from 358 BC to 338 BC. He was the son of Artaxerxes II and was succeeded by Arses of Persia (also known as Artaxerxes IV). ... Artaxerxes IV Bumcheeks, King of Persia between 338 BC and 336 BC. He was the youngest son of King Artaxerxes III and was not expected to succeed to the throne of Persia. ... Darius III (near middle) battling Alexander the Great (far left) Darius III or Codomannus (c. ... Bust of Alexander the Great in the British Museum. ... Achaemenid Empire The Achaemenid Dynasty was a dynasty in the ancient Persian Empire, including Cyrus II the Great, Darius I and Xerxes I. At the height of their power, the Achaemenid rulers of Persia ruled over territories roughly emcompassing some parts of todays Iraq, Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Lebanon... Macedonia is the name of a number of places in the world: Places in the Macedonian region of Europe Macedonia: An historical region of the southern Balkans. ... Macedonian Dynasty (326-323 BC) Alexander the Great (326-323 BC), founded the Macedonian Empire after conquering the Achaemenid Empire, conquered parts of what is now Pakistan, fought Porus (Purushottama) in the Battle of the Hydaspes River; his empire is quickly divided amongst the so-called diadochoi Alexander the Great (in Greek , transliterated Megas Alexandros) (July 356 BC – June 11, 323 BC), King of Macedon (336–323 BC), is considered one of the most successful military commanders in world history, conquering most of the world known to the ancient Greeks before his death. ... Macedonia is the name of a number of places in the world: Places in the Macedonian region of Europe Macedonia: An historical region of the southern Balkans. ... Achaemenid Empire The Achaemenid Dynasty was a dynasty in the ancient Persian Empire, including Cyrus II the Great, Darius I and Xerxes I. At the height of their power, the Achaemenid rulers of Persia ruled over territories roughly emcompassing some parts of todays Iraq, Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Lebanon... Alexander and Porus by Charles Le Brun, 1673 Porus, the Greek version of the Indian names Puru, Pururava or Purushottama, was the ruler of a Kingdom that was located between what is now known as the Jhelum and the Chenab rivers (in Greek sources called Hydaspes and Acesines) in the... For the mythological figures, see Porus (Greek mythology) and Porus (Roman mythology). ... Combatants Macedon Hydaspes (Indian kingdom) Commanders Alexander the Great Porus Strength 4,000 cavalry 50,000 infantry 6,000 cavalry 30,000 infantry 200 war elephants Casualties Many infantry (900-4000 dead) Few cavalry Many cavalry Many infantry ~100 war elephants The Battle of the Hydaspes River was a battle... The word Diadochi means successors in Greek. ... Seleucid Diadochi (323-321 BC) Seleucus Nicator (323-321 BC), diadochos general who founded the Seleucid Empire in the eastern part of the Macedonian empire after gaining control following Alexander's death, loses his territories in Pakistan and Afghanistan after being defeated by Chandragupta Maurya (Sandrakottos) The Seleucid Empire was one of several political states founded after the death of Alexander the Great, whose generals squabbled over the division of Alexanders empire. ... Seleucus I (surnamed for later generations Nicator, in Greek:Σέλευκος Νικάτωρ) (c. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Bust of Alexander the Great in the British Museum. ... Chandragupta Maurya (ruled 322–298 BC), also known as Sandrokottos to the Greeks, was the founder of the Mauryan Empire. ... Chandragupta Maurya (ruled 322–298 BC), also known as Sandrokottos to the Greeks, was the founder of the first imperial power in India, and became the first Emperor of the Mauryan Empire. ... Umayyad Dynasty (711-715 CE) Muhammad bin Qasim (711-715), an Arab general, conquered Sindh, Balochistan and southern Punjab and ruled these lands on behalf of the Ummayyid Caliph (political and spiritual leader of Islam), Al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik The Courtyard of the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus, one of the grandest architectural legacies of the Umayyads. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Arabs (Arabic: عرب ) are a large and heterogeneous ethnic group found throughout the Middle East and North Africa. ... Sindh (Sind) (Sindhi: سنڌ ;Urdu: سندھ) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and is home to the Sindhis, Muhajirs and various other groups. ... The neutrality of this article is disputed. ... The Punjab/ پنجاب province of Pakistan is part of the larger Punjab region. ... Caliph is the term or title for the Islamic leader of the Ummah, or community of Islam. ... Al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik (Arabic: ) or Al-Walid I (668 - 715) was an Umayyad caliph who ruled from 705 - 715. ... Chera Dynasty (c. 300 BC - 1314 CE) The Cheras were one of the three ancient Tamil dynasties who ruled the southern peninsula of India at the beginning of its recorded history. ... Ancient Chera Kings (c. 300 BC - 397 CE) Udiyancheralatan Antuvancheral Imayavaramban Nedun-Cheralatan (56-115 CE) Cheran Chenkutuvan (from 115) Palyanai Sel-Kelu Kuttuvan (115-130) Poraiyan Kadungo (from 115) Kalankai-Kanni Narmudi Cheral (115-140) Vel-Kelu Kuttuvan (130-185) Selvak-Kadungo (131-155) Adukotpattu Cheralatan (140-178) Kuttuvan Irumporai (178-185) Tagadur Erinda Perumcheral (185-201) Yanaikat-sey Mantaran Cheral (201-241) Ilamcheral Irumporai (241-257) Perumkadungo (257-287) Ilamkadungo (287-317) Kanaikal Irumporai (367-397) The Cheras were one of the three ancient Tamil dynasties who ruled the southern peninsula of India at the beginning of its recorded history. ... Imayavaramban Nedun-Cheralatan was a King of Cheras - a Tamil kingdom in the present-day state of Kerala in India. ... Cheran Chenkutuvan was one of the kings of the Chera dynasty in southern India. ... ... The introduction of this article does not provide enough context for readers unfamiliar with the subject. ... Kulashekhara Dynasty (825-1314 CE) Rama Varma Kulashekhara (1020-1102), descendant of the Cheras Ravi Varma Kulashekhara (c. 1250-1314), last of the Cheras The Kulasekhara dynasty is one of the three surviving royal lineages that ruled the current Indian state of Kerala. ... The Kulasekhara dynasty is one of the three surviving royal lineages that ruled the current Indian state of Kerala. ... The Cheras were one of the three ancient Tamil dynasties who ruled the southern tip of the peninsula of India for most of its early history. ... Satavahana Dynasty (c. 230 BC - 199 CE) Simuka (c. 230-207 BC) Kanha (or Krishna) (207-189 BC) Satakarni I Hala (20-24 CE) Gautamiputra Satakarni (106-130) Vashishtiputra Pulumayi (130-158) Vashishtiputra Satakarni (c. 158-170) Sri Yajna Satakarni (c. 170-199) Approximate extent of the Satavahana Empire, circa 150 CE. The Sātavāhanas, also known as the Andhras, were a dynasty which ruled in Southern and Central India starting from around 230 BCE. Although there is some controversy about when the dynasty came to an end, the most liberal estimates... Hellenistic Euthydemid Dynasty (c. 221-85 BC) Unlike the far larger empires of Alexander the Great and his Seleukid diadoch, centered in the region Coin depicting the Greco-Bactrian king Euthydemus (230-200 B.C.) Euthydemus was allegedly a native of Magnesia and possible Satrap of Sogdiana, who overturned the dynasty of Diodotus of Bactria and became a Greco-Bactrian king in about 230 BC according to Polybius. ... Euthydemus I (c. 221-206 BC), Greco-Bactrian king Demetrius I (c. 200–170 BC), son of Euthydemus I, conquered parts of what is now Pakistan Apollodotus I (180-160 BC), successor of Demetrius Agathocles (190-180 BC) Pantaleon (190-185 BC) Apollodotus I (reigned c. 180–160 BC) Antimachus II Nikephoros (160-155 BC) Demetrius II (155-150 BC) Menander I (c. 150–135 BC) Agathokleia (c. 135-125 BC), probably widow of Menander, queen-mother and regent for her son Strato Strato I (125-110 BC), son of Menander and Agathokleia Heliokles II (110-100 BCE) Polyxenios (c. 100 BCE), possibly in Gandhara Demetrius III Aniketos (c. 100 BC) Amyntas (95-90 BC) Peukolaos (c. 90 BC) Menander II Dikaios "The Just" (90 - 85 BC) Archebios (90-85 BC) Coin depicting the Greco-Bactrian king Euthydemus (230-200 B.C.) Euthydemus was allegedly a native of Magnesia and possible Satrap of Sogdiana, who overturned the dynasty of Diodotus of Bactria and became a Greco-Bactrian king in about 230 BC according to Polybius. ... Approximate extent of the Greco-Bactrian kingdom circa 220 BCE. The Greco-Bactrians were a dynasty of Greek kings who controlled Bactria and Sogdiana, an area comprising todays northern Afghanistan and parts of Central Asia, the easternmost area of the Hellenistic world, from 250 to 125 BCE. Their expansion... Silver coin depicting the Greco-Bactrian king Demetrius (r. ... Indo-Greek king Apollodotus I (180-160 BCE). ... For the grindcore band, see Agathocles (band) Agathocles (361 BC - 289 BC), tyrant of Syracuse (317 BC - 289 BC) and king of Sicily (304 BC - 289 BC). ... Pantaleon (reigned c. ... Indo-Greek king Apollodotus I (180-160 BCE). ... Coin of Antimachus II (160-155 BCE). ... Demetrius II is either: Demetrius II of Macedon Demetrius II of Syria This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Tetradrachm of Menander I in Greco-Bactrian style (Alexandria-Kapisa mint). ... Tetradrachm of Agathokleia, as Regent for Strato I. Circa 135–125 BC. Æ 29mm (9. ... Strato I (r. ... Coin of Heliokles II. Obv: Bust of helmetted king. ... Coin of Polyxenios (r. ... Gandhāra (also Ghandara, Ghandahra, Chandahara, and Persian Gandara) is the name of an ancient kingdom in eastern Afghanistan and north-west province of Pakistan. ...