Encyclopedia > List of Ontario separated municipalities
In the Canadian province of Ontario, municipalities operate in various hierarchies. Though most originated from a two-tier arrangement of a county containing smaller divisions, there are now single-tier cities made entirely of former counties, regional municipalities, and other arrangements, all under the direction of the provincial government.
One arrangement which is becoming more common is to separate larger, denser towns and cities from their more rural counties and regions. While they no longer share in the administration of the wider area, relationships are usually maintained as civic offices and other infrastructure may remain within the boundaries of the separated town.
Unlike a single-tier municipality or a region, a separated municipality does not form its own separate census division, but remains a census subdivision of the county. Hence, its separation from the county is strictly administrative.
The following list shows those towns and cities which are separated, and the county or region they were once a part of.
Barrie - Simcoe County
Belleville - Hastings County
Brantford - City of Brant
Brockville - Leeds & Grenville County
Gananoque - Leeds & Grenville County
Guelph - Wellington County
Kingston - Frontenac County
London - Middlesex County
Orillia - Simcoe County
Pembroke - Renfrew County
Peterborough - Peterborough County
Prescott - Leeds & Grenville County
Quinte West - Hastings County
Smiths Falls - Lanark County
St. Marys - Perth County
St. Thomas - Elgin County
Stratford - Perth County
Windsor - Essex County
A historic case that predates this trend by some time was the split of York County in 1954. The southernmost section became Metropolitan Toronto (now the city of Toronto), the remainder eventually became York Region; however, Toronto was considered a separate census division while the above municipalities are still considered to be within the census division they are separated from.
Counties of Ontario: Bruce | Dufferin | Elgin | Essex | Frontenac | Grey | Haliburton | Hastings | Huron | Lambton | Lanark | Leeds and Grenville | Lennox and Addington | Middlesex | Northumberland | Perth | Peterborough | Prescott and Russell | Renfrew | Simcoe | Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry | Wellington
Regional Municipalities of Ontario: Durham | Halton | Muskoka | Niagara | Oxford | Peel | Waterloo | York
Single Tier Municipalities of Ontario: Brant | Brantford | Chatham-Kent | Greater Sudbury | Haldimand | Hamilton | Kawartha Lakes | Norfolk | Ottawa | Prince Edward | Toronto
Separated municipalities - Historic counties of Ontario
Districts of Ontario: Algoma | Cochrane | Kenora | Manitoulin | Nipissing | Parry Sound | Rainy River | Sudbury | Thunder Bay | Timiskaming
Ontario is bordered by the provinces of Manitoba to the west, Quebec to the east, and the United States states of Michigan, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Minnesota.
Ontario, and the Greater Toronto Area in particular, have been the recipients of most immigration to Canada, largely immigrants from war-torn Europe in the 1950s and 1960s and after changes in federal immigration law, a massive influx of non-Europeans since the 1970s.
Ontario's right to Northwestern Ontario was determined by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in 1884 and confirmed by the Canada (Ontario Boundary) Act, 1889 of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
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