Encyclopedia > List of basic library and information science topics
Below is a list of basic topics in library and information science -- topics which will help the beginner become familiar with the science of libraries and information. Library and information science (LIS) is the study of issues related to libraries and the information fields. ...
information science as a profession is the job a person doe after he or she has gotten his degree in libary and information science in the university
Information media An audio book is a recording of the contents of a book read aloud. ...
Look up book in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
A Czech braille calendar There is also an asteroid 9969 Braille Braille is a tactile writing system used by blind people. ...
The CD-ROM (an abbreviation for Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (ROM)) is a non-volatile optical data storage medium using the same physical format as audio compact discs, readable by a computer with a CD-ROM drive. ...
first page of the Codex Argenteus A codex (Latin for book; plural codices) is a handwritten book from late Antiquity or the Early Middle Ages. ...
Typical audio Compact Cassette. ...
Interference colors. ...
A database is an organized collection of data. ...
An ebook is an electronic (or digital) version of a book. ...
A gramophone record, (also vinyl record, phonograph record or simply record) is an analogue sound recording medium: a flat disc rotating at a constant angular velocity, with inscribed spiral grooves in which a stylus or needle rides. ...
Information Architecture (often abbreviated I.A.) is the practice of structuring knowledge or data. ...
Pioneers LaserDisc Logo The laserdisc (LD) was the first commercial optical disc storage medium, and was used primarily for the presentation of movies. ...
Magnetic tape is a non-volatile storage medium consisting of a magnetic coating on a thin plastic strip. ...
A manuscript (Latin manu scriptus, written by hand), strictly speaking, is any written document that is put down by hand, in contrast to being printed or reproduced some other way. ...
A map of the world by Johannes Kepler A map is a simplified depiction of a space, a navigational aid which highlights relations between objects within that space. ...
Microfiche machines may be available at libraries or record archives. ...
Microfilm is an analog storage medium for books, periodicals, legal documents and engineering drawings. ...
A newsgroup is a repository within the Usenet system, for messages posted from many users at different locations. ...
A pamphlet is an unbound booklet (that is, without a hard cover or binding). ...
The earliest method of recording and reproducing sound was on phonograph cylinders. ...
A camera. ...
A scroll is a roll of parchment, papyrus, or paper which has been written upon. ...
Sheet music is written representation of music. ...
A slide library is a collection of slides, either as part of a larger library or forming a library on its own. ...
Bottom view of VHS videotape cassette with magnetic tape exposed Videotape is a means of recording television pictures and accompanying sound onto magnetic tape as opposed to movie film. ...
A website, Web site or WWW site (often shortened to just site) is a collection of webpages, that is, HTML/XHTML documents accessible via HTTP on the Internet; all publicly accessible websites in existence comprise the World Wide Web. ...
Wire recording is a type of analogue audio storage. ...
Types of publications An almanac (also spelled almanack, especially in Commonwealth English) is an annual publication containing tabular information in a particular field or fields often arranged according to the calendar. ...
For other meanings of Atlas, see Atlas (disambiguation). ...
A comic book is a magazine or book containing the art form of comics. ...
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Brockhaus Konversations-Lexikon, 1902 An encyclopedia (alternatively encyclopaedia) is a written compendium of knowledge. ...
A gazetteer is a geographical dictionary; an important reference for information about places and place-names (see: toponomy), used in conjunction with an atlas. ...
A graphic novel (GN) is a long-form comic book, usually with lengthy and complex storylines, and often aimed at more mature audiences. ...
A journal (through French from late Latin diurnalis, daily) is a daily record of events or business. ...
A lexicon is usually a list of words together with additional word-specific information, i. ...
Publication lists Note that Almanac is often spelled Almanack in British English, and some of the publications listed use this form. ...
These are lists of books: List of books by title List of books by author Lists of authors List of anonymously published works (List of Hiberno-Saxon illustrated manuscripts) List of books by genre or type List of books by award or notoriety List of books by year of publication...
It has been suggested that the section List of encyclopedias from the article Encyclopedia be merged into this article or section. ...
This is a list of magazines. ...
The following is a list of newspapers, divided by country and region. ...
A collection of magazines A magazine is a periodical publication containing a variety of articles. ...
A reference work is a compendium of information, usually of a specific type, compiled for ease of reference. ...
Serial is a term, originating in literature, for a format by which a story is told in contiguous installments in sequential issues of a single periodical publication. ...
In a general sense, a series is a related set of things that occur one after the other or are otherwise connected one after the other. ...
In telephony, a telephone directory (also called a telephone book) is a listing of telephone subscribers in a geographical area or subscribers to services provided by the organisation that publishes the directory. ...
The word thesaurus, New Latin for treasure, was coined in the early 1820s. ...
Selection and acquisition of library materials // Basic characteristics There is some debate as to what constitutes childrens literature. ...
In Library and Information Science, information explosion is a term used for the ever increasing rate of publication. ...
The International Standard Book Number, or ISBN (sometimes pronounced is-ben), is a unique identifier for books, intended to be used commercially. ...
ISSN, or International Standard Serial Number, is the unique eight-digit number applied to a periodical publication including electronic serials. ...
Library Collection Development is the process of planning and acquiring a balanced collection of library materials of many formats, including books, periodicals, online resources, and other media. ...
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A Public Lending Right program is one which pays authors for having works in public libraries. ...
Young adult (YA) literature, while having only been recognized as a legitimate genre for a relatively short time, is a collection of books that can range from science fiction to autobiography. ...
Catalogs and indexes AACR2 stands for the Anglo-American Cataloging Rules, Second Edition. ...
An Accession number is a unique identifier given to a sequence when it is submitted to one of the DNA repositories (GenBank, EMBL, DDBJ). ...
Authority control is a term used in library and information science to describe the practice of ensuring that any term used as a catalogue entry is correlated with all other forms of that term. ...
The Bliss bibliographic classification is a library classification system and is known as BC. It is originally developed by Henry E. Bliss and first published in four volumes in the USA between 1940 and 1953. ...
There are various forms of catalog or catalogue, each organized registers of some set of objects. ...
Classification may refer to: Taxonomic classification See also class (philosophy) Statistical classification Security classification Hint: Language use may refer to a taxonomic classification that is used for statistical purposes also as a statistical classification (like International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems). ...
In textual criticism and bibliography, collation means the reading of two (or more) texts side-by-side in order to note their differences. ...
Colon classification (CC) is a system of library classification developed by S. R. Ranganathan. ...
In publishing, a colophon describes details of the production of a book. ...
The Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC, also called the Dewey Decimal System) is a system of library classification developed by Melvil Dewey in 1876, and since greatly modified and expanded in the course of the twenty-two major revisions, the most recent in 2004. ...
Look up Index in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Index can be defined as: an ordered list, plural indexes a number or variable, plural indices. ...
The International Standard Bibliographic Description or ISBD is a set of rules produced by the International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA) to describe a wide range of library materials, within the context of a catalog. ...
A library catalog (or library catalogue) is a register of all bibliographic items found in a particular library or group of libraries, such as those belonging to a university system spread out over several geographic locations. ...
The Library of Congress Classification (LCC) is a system of library classification developed by the Library of Congress. ...
This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...
The OCLC, or Online Computer Library Center, was founded in 1967, and originally named the Ohio Computer Library Center. ...
An Online Public Access Catalog or OPAC is a computerized online catalog of the materials held in a library. ...
See subject (grammar) for the linguistic definition of subject. ...
The Universal Decimal Classification is a system of library classification developed by the Belgian bibliographers Paul Otlet and Henri la Fontaine at the end of the 19th century. ...
WorldCat is the worlds largest bibliographic database, the merged catalogs of over 50,000 OCLC member libraries in over 90 countries. ...
Electronic information storage and retrieval In logical calculus, logical operators or logical connectors serve to connect statements into more complicated compound statements. ...
Data management comprises all the disciplines related to managing data as a valuable resource. ...
A digital library is a library in which a significant proportion of the resources are available in machine-readable format (as opposed to print or microform), accessible by means of computers. ...
An expert system is a class of computer programs developed by researchers in artificial intelligence during the 1970s and applied commercially throughout the 1980s. ...
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A geographic information system (GIS) is a system for creating and managing spatial data and associated attributes. ...
An abstract is a brief set of statements that summarize, classifies, evaluates, or describes the important points of a text, particularly a journal article. ...
Human-computer interaction (HCI) is the study of interaction between people (users) and computers. ...
Information retrieval (IR) is the art and science of searching for information in documents, searching for documents themselves, searching for metadata which describe documents, or searching within databases, whether relational stand alone databases or hypertext networked databases such as the Internet or intranets, for text, sound, images or data. ...
The deep web (or invisible web or hidden web) is the name given to the publicly accessible pages on the World Wide Web that are not indexed by search engines. ...
In computer science, a keyword is an identifier which indicates a specific command. ...
Knowledge management or KM can refer to the technology, techniques, or social practices for organizing and collecting knowledge so that it applied at an appropriate time or place. ...
Metadata (Greek: meta-+ Latin: data information), literally data about data, is information that describes another set of data. ...
OpenURL is a type of URL that contains resource metadata for use primarily in libraries. ...
In Wikipedia, precision has the following meanings: In engineering, science, industry and statistics, precision characterises the degree of mutual agreement among a series of individual measurements, values, or results - see accuracy and precision. ...
The term recall has a number of meanings: Product recall A recall election Recall to employment after a layoff Recall from memory. ...
A record can refer to: a type of audio recording, i. ...
ZING is a standard for information retrieval supported by the United States Library of Congress. ...
Research methods Bibliography is the study of books. ...
BibTeX is a tool for formatting lists of references used by the LaTeX document preparation system. ...
Definition Unlike traditional reference (see library reference desk), digital reference services allow patrons to submit questions and receive answers via the Internet and other electronic means. ...
Genealogy the study and tracing of family pedigrees. ...
Several conceptions and definitions of information literacy have become prevalent. ...
Also known as bibliographic instruction, library instruction is the process of teaching students how to use the library and conduct research. ...
The reference desk or information desk of a library is a public service desk where professional librarians offer help to library users. ...
Research is an active, diligent, and systematic process of inquiry in order to discover, interpret and/or revise facts. ...
Scientometrics Bibliometrics is the study, or measurement, of texts and information (Norton, 2001). ...
Bradfords law is a pattern first described by Samuel C. Bradford in 1934 that estimates the exponentially diminishing returns of extending a library search. ...
A citation is a credit or reference to another document or source which documents both influence and authority. ...
Data mining, also known as knowledge-discovery in databases (KDD), is the practice of automatically searching large stores of data for patterns. ...
Impact Factor is a measure of importance of scientific journals. ...
Information retrieval (IR) is the art and science of searching for information in documents, searching for documents themselves, searching for metadata which describe documents, or searching within databases, whether relational stand alone databases or hypertext networked databases such as the Internet or intranets, for text, sound, images or data. ...
Informetrics is related to bibliometrics, but is a larger area of study. ...
Peer review (known as refereeing in some academic fields) is a scholarly process used in the publication of manuscripts and in the awarding of funding for research. ...
Bibliometrics is the study, or measurement, of texts and information. ...
Data mining, also known as knowledge-discovery in databases (KDD), is the practice of automatically searching large stores of data for patterns. ...
The science of webometrics (also cybermetrics, web metrics) tries to measure the Internet to get knowledge about number and types of hyperlinks, structure of the World Wide Web and usage patterns. ...
Other library services and processes The bookmobile of the Ottawa Public Library A bookmobile or mobile library is a large vehicle designed for use as a library. ...
Interlibrary loan is a service whereby a user of one library can borrow books, microfilms, recordings or photocopies of articles in magazines or videos and DVDs that are owned by another library. ...
A Library Circulation desk can usually be found near a librarys main entrance staffed by library aides, as opposed to professional librarians. ...
PhpMyLibrary is a PHP MySQL Library automation application. ...
An EPC RFID tag used for Wal-Mart An RFID tag used for electronic toll collection Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) is an automatic identification method, relying on storing and remotely retrieving data using devices called RFID tags or transponders. ...
Library buildings and systems Yale Universitys Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library was a 1963 gift of the Beinecke family. ...
Alexandrias state-of-the-art library, designed by Christoph Kapellar, was inaugurated in 2001 The Bibliotheca Alexandrina is a major library and cultural center located on the shore of the Egyptian city of Alexandria. ...
Birmingham Central Library is the main library in Birmingham, England. ...
Entrance to the Library, with the coats-of-arms of several Oxford colleges Oxford University Libraries Service (OULS) comprises over 30 of the University of Oxfords central and faculty libraries: from the world-famous Bodleian Library, established 400 years ago, to the modern digital library ventures. ...
British Library Ossulston St entrance, with distinctive red logo. ...
A Carnegie library, opened in 1913 in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, designed in Spanish Colonial style Carnegie libraries for both public use and academic institutions were built with money donated by Scottish-American businessman Andrew Carnegie, earning him the nickname, the Patron Saint of Libraries. ...
The facade of the chapel, in the baroque style of Jesuit churches, is integrated with the palatial facade El Escorial is an immense palace, monastery, museum, and library complex located at San Lorenzo de El Escorial (also San Lorenzo del Escorial), a town 45 kilometres northwest of Madrid in the...
The following Esperanto libraries and collections of works in the Esperanto language are worthy of note: The Montagu Butler Library of Esperanto materials, maintained by the British Esperanto Association, whose collection of 30,000 items is often quoted. ...
Library of Congress, Jefferson building The Library of Congress is the unofficial national library of the United States. ...
This is a list of notable libraries. ...
This is a list of national libraries of the world: Andorra – Biblioteca Nacional dAndorra – National Library of Andorra Official Website Argentina – Biblioteca Nacional de la República Argentina Official Website Australia – National Library of Australia – National Library of Australia Official Website Austria – Österreichische Nationalbibliothek – Österreichische Nationalbibliothek Official Website Belgium...
This is a list of libraries at universities. ...
The Montagu Butler Library is one of the world’s major collections in and about Esperanto. ...
United States Library of Congress, Jefferson building A national library is a library specifically established by the government of a nation to serve as the preeminent repository of information for that country. ...
Librarians and patrons in a typical larger urban public library A public library is a library which is accessible by the public and is often operated by civil servants and funded from public sources. ...
A research library is a library which contains an in-depth collection of material on one or several subjects. ...
The front of Robarts Library Rear corner of Robarts Library Looking up the side of the Library. ...
The United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), operated by the United States federal government, is the worlds largest medical library. ...
This is a list of libraries at universities. ...
Digital libraries Aozora Bunko (青空文庫, the Blue Sky Collection) in Japan is a project similar to Project Gutenberg. ...
LAssociation des Bibliophiles Universels (ABU; The Association of Universal Booklovers) is a French language organization dedicated to producing e-text versions of public domain French texts. ...
Bibliotheca Universalis is a project by several national libraries that aims to put major works of worldwide cultural and scientific heritage comprising text, images and sound, at the disposal of the general public using communication and information technology. ...
The Christian Classics Ethereal Library is a volunteer-based project to provide free electronic copies of Christian scripture and literature texts. ...
The Cochrane Library is a collection of databases in medicine and other healthcare specialties provided by the Cochrane Collaboration. ...
A digital library is a library in which a significant proportion of the resources are available in machine-readable format (as opposed to print or microform), accessible by means of computers. ...
Distributed Proofreaders (commonly abbreviated as DP or PGDP) is a project to support the development of e-texts for Project Gutenberg. ...
ibiblio (formerly SunSITE and MetaLab) is a collection of collections, and hosts a diverse range of publicly available information and open source software. ...
The Library of Congress National Digital Library Program (NDLP) is assembling a digital library of reproductions of primary source materials to support the study of the history and culture of the United States. ...
This is a list of projects related to digital libraries. ...
The Million Book Project, led by Carnegie Mellon University School of Computer Science and University Libraries, aims to digitize a million books by 2007. ...
Like Project Gutenberg, the Online Book Initiative is a project to collect and make available freely-redistributable texts. ...
The Online Books Page is an index of e-text books available on the Internet. ...
The Perseus Project is a digital library project of Tufts University that assembles digital collections of humanities resources. ...
Project Gutenberg (often abbreviated as PG) is a volunteer effort to digitize, archive, and distribute cultural works. ...
Project Runeberg is an initiative patterned after Project Gutenberg that publishes freely available electronic versions of books significant to the culture and history of the Nordic countries . ...
Project Sugita Genpaku (プロジェクト杉田玄白) is a project that aims to translate any text without permission, if there is no copyright trouble. ...
Preservation For other uses of the word Archive, see Archive (disambiguation) Archives refers to a collection of records with specific characteristics, and also refers to the location in which these records are kept. ...
An Archivist is someone who collects, organizes, and maintains control over a wide range of important information. ...
Digital preservation refers to the management of digital information over time. ...
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Mass deacidification is a term used in Library and Information Science for one possible measure against the degradation of paper in old books (the so-called slow fires). One technique proposed was to place books in an evacuated chamber, then introduce diethyl zinc (DEZ). ...
Slow fires is a term from library and information science used to describe the self-destruction of acid paper. ...
Social and legal issues Many societies have banned certain books. ...
Censorship is the control of speech and other forms of human expression, often by government intervention. ...
Copyright symbol. ...
Nearly sixty countries around the world have implemented some form of freedom of information legislation, which sets rules on governmental secrecy. ...
Thomas Jefferson said that Information is the currency of democracy. ...
The Movement The movement to get governments to recognize the Inalienable rights to Intellectual Freedom. ...
Intellectual property or IP refers to a legal entitlement which sometimes attaches to the expressed form of an idea, or to some other intangible subject matter. ...
Literacy is the ability to read and write. ...
Jonathan Tasini et al. ...
President George W. Bush signing the Patriot Act in the White Houses East Room on October 26, 2001. ...
People Categories: People stubs | 1914 births | 2004 deaths | American writers | Rhodes scholars | Pulitzer Prize winners | Librarians of Congress ...
This is a list of librarians or people who have practised librarianship and are well-known, either for their contributions to the profession or in some other field. ...
Melvil Dewey (December 10, 1851–December 26, 1931) was the inventor of the Dewey Decimal Classification system for library classification. ...
This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ...
Seymour Lubetzky (April 28, 1898-April 5, 2003) A cataloging theorist and a prominent librarian, Seymour Lubetzky was 104 years of age when he died on April 5, 2003. ...
Shiyali Ramamrita Ranganathan (August 9, 1892, Shiyali, Tamil Nadu - September 27, 1972, Bangalore) was an innovative mathematician and librarian from India. ...
Organizing and searching Wikipedia - Wikipedia:Categorization
- Category:Wikipedia resources for researchers
- Wikipedia:Citing Wikipedia
- Wikipedia:Common words, searching for which is not possible
- Wikipedia:Dewey Decimal System
- Wikipedia:How to explore Wikipedia
- Wikipedia:Naming conventions (and its subpages)
- Wikipedia:Searching
- Wikipedia:WikiProject Fact and Reference Check
- Wikipedia:WikiProject Librarians
See also - Wikiproject BID (library, information, documentation) at the German Wikipedia
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