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This is a list of French battleships of the period 1859-1970:
For ships of the 1399-1858 period see this page. Date is launch date. For other uses, see Battleship (disambiguation). ...
This is a list of French broadside battleships of the period 1640-1861: Sections stating the ruler in power are provided as chronological references. ...
The French Navy pursued three main lines of development with these ships:
- Large sea-going battleships. The first generation were broadside ironclads; the next generation were central battery ships with some guns in barbettes to give all round fire. The French then abandoned the central battery in favour of an narrow armoured belt and a main armament in barbettes. Two French battleships Brennus and Charles Martel were abandoned in the 1880s, in part because it was believed that more money should be spent on high-technology weapons such as torpedo boats.[1] The French adopted the lozenge layout in the 1880s and 1890s, and only adopted the 'pre-dreadnought' layout in the late 1890s. Like other powers the French laid down 'dreadnoughts' before the First World war, but their dreadnought programmes were cut short by the war. During the 1930s, the French laid down new fast battleships; the Dunkerque class were rivals of the German Scharnhorst class, the Richelieu class were rivals of the German Bismarck class. The last French battleship was scrapped in 1970.
- Stationnaire battleships. These were smaller versions of the large battleships, and were often used on foreign stations where they did the job of a battleship. Development of this type was abandoned in the 1880s in favour of armoured cruisers.[1]
- Coastal service ships. The first of these was the steam-powered ironclad 'floating batteries' used to attack Russian fortifications in the Crimean War. More were built in the early 1860s. Then they build a series of low freeboard turret and barbette ships, some of which were arguably sea-going battleships.[1]
A barbette is the fixed area underneath a rotating gun turret on a warship. ...
The Dunkerque class was a new type of warship of the French Navy, labelled as fast battleship. Not as large as other contemporary battleships, they were designed to counter the threat of the German pocket battleships of the Deutschland class. ...
The Jean Bart was a French battleship of World War II named for the seventeenth century seaman and corsair Jean Bart. ...
The Bismarck class battleships were a class of capital ships built by Germany. ...
Schematic section of a typical armoured cruiser with an armoured upper and middle deck and side belt (red), lateral protective coal bunkers (grey) and a double-bottom of watertight compartments. ...
Combatants Allies: Second French Empire British Empire Ottoman Empire Kingdom of Sardinia Russian Empire Bulgarian volunteers Casualties 90,000 French 35,000 Turkish 17,500 British 2,194 Sardinian killed, wounded and died of disease ~134,000 killed, wounded and died of disease The Crimean War (1853–1856) was fought...
Sea-going battleships
Broadside ironclads - Gloire class 5,603 tons.[2]
- Gloire (1859) - world's first ocean-going ironclad, stricken 1879.[2]
- Invincible (1861) - stricken 1872.[2]
- Normandie (1860) - stricken 1871.[2]
- Couronne (1861) 5,983 tons - hulked 1910.[2]
- Magenta class 6,715 tons.[2]
- Magenta (1861) - sank after internal explosion 1875.[2]
- Solférino (1861) - stricken 1882.[2]
- Provence class 5,700 - 6,122 tons.[2]
- Provence (1863) - stricken 1884.[2]
- Savoie (1863) - stricken 1888.[2]
- Héroïne (1863) - hulked 1894.[2]
- Flandre (1864) - stricken 1886.[2]
- Magnanime (1864) - stricken 1882.[2]
- Surveillante (1864) - stricken 1890.[2]
- Valeureuse (1864) - stricken 1886.[2]
- Gauloise (1865) - stricken 1883.[2]
- Guyenne (1865) - stricken 1882.[2]
- Revanche (1865) - BU (broken up) 1893.[2]
The French Navys La Gloire (Glory) was the first ocean-going ironclad warship in history. ...
The French ironclad Solferino, of the Magenta class, the only two-decked broadside ironclad battleships ever built. ...
Stationnaire broadside ironclads - Belliqueuse (1865) 3,717 tons - expended as a target 1886.[2]
Central battery ships with barbettes - Océan class 7,580/7,775 tons.[2]
- Océan (1868) - stricken 1894.[2]
- Marengo (1869) - sold 1896.[2]
- Suffren (1870) - stricken 1897.[2]
- Friedland (1873) 8,850 tons - stricken 1902.[2]
- Richelieu (1873) 8,984 tons - sold 1901, sank in the Bay of Biscay after sale.[2]
- Colbert class 8,750 tons.[2]
- Colbert (1875) - stricken 1900.[2]
- Trident (1876) - hulked 1904.[2]
- Redoutable (1876) 9,224 tons, first warship in the world to use steel as the principal building material - stricken 1910.[2]
- Dévastation class 10,450 tons.[2]
- Courbet (1882) ex-Foudroyant - stricken 1910.[2][3]
- Dévastation (1879) - BU 1922.[2]
The Richelieu was a central battery ironclad battleship of the French Navy. ...
The Redoutable (1876) was a central battery and barbette ship of the French Navy. ...
For other uses, see Steel (disambiguation). ...
Stationnaire central battery ships with barbettes - Alma class 3,513-3,828 tons.[2]
- Alma (1867) - hulked 1886.[2]
- Armide (1867) - stricken 1887.[2]
- Atlante (1868) - stricken 1887.[2]
- Jeanne D'Arc (1867) - stricken 1883.[2]
- Montcalm (1868) ex-Indienne - stricken 1891.[2]
- Reine Blanche (1868) - stricken 1886.[2]
- Thetis (1867) - stricken 1895.[2]
- La Galissonnière class 4,585-4,645 tons.[2]
- La Galissonnière (1872) - stricken 1894.[2]
- Triomphante (1877) - sold 1903.[2]
- Victorieuse (1875) - hulked 1900.[2]
Barbette ships - Amiral Duperré (1879) 11,030 tons. Though this ship was designed for sail as well as steam power, her sails were removed before completion.[1] - stricken 1909.[2]
- Amiral Baudin class 11,720 tons,[2] the first French sea-going battleships without any sail power.[4]
- Amiral Baudin (1883) - hulked 1909.[2]
- Formidable (1885) - stricken 1911.[2]
- Hoche (1886) 10,820 tons, turrets & barbettes - target 1913.[2]
- Marceau class 10,558-10,810 tons.[2]
- Marceau (1887) - BU 1922.[2]
- Magenta (1890) - stricken 1910.[2]
- Neptune (1887) - stricken 1913.[2]
- Brennus class 10,600-10,650 tons.[5]
- Brennus (-) laid down 1884, construction suspended 1886.[6][1]
- Charles Martel (-) laid down 1884, construction suspended 1886.[6][1]
Stationnaire barbette ships - Bayard class 5,915-6,260 tons.[2] Smaller versions of Amiral Dupperré, with full sail power.[1]
- Bayard (1880) - hulked 1899.[2]
- Turenne (1879) - stricken 1901.[2]
- Vauban class 6,112 tons. Improved Bayards.[2]
- Duguesclin (1883) - stricken 1904.[2]
- Vauban (1882) - stricken 1905.[2]
Turret ships - Brennus (1891) 11,190 tons, the first large ship with Belleville boilers,[4] - BU 1922.[2]
- Charles Martel 11,693 tons - stricken 1922.[2]
- Carnot (1894) 11,954 tons - stricken 1922.[2]
- Jauréguiberry (1893) 11,637 tons - BU 1934.[2]
- Masséna (1895) 11,735 tons - hulked, then scuttled as a breakwater at Cape Helles 1915.[2]
- Bouvet (1896) 12,007 tons - mined 1915.[2]
- Charlemagne class 11,100 tons.[2]
- Charlemagne (1895) - stricken 1920.[2]
- St Louis (1896) - BU 1933.[2]
- Gaulois (1896) - torpedoed 1916.[2]
- Iéna (1898) 11,860 - tons sank after explosion 1907.[2]
- République class 14,605-14,900 tons.[2]
- République (1902) - stricken 1921.[2]
- Patrie (1903) - stricken 1928.[2]
- Liberté class 14,489-14,860 tons.[2]
- Liberté (1905) - sank after explosion 1911.[2]
- Justice (1904) - stricken 1922.[2]
- Vérité (1907) - stricken 1922.[2]
- Démocratie - stricken 1921.[2]
- Danton class ("semi-Dreadnoughts") 18,318 tons normal, 19,763 tons full load.[7]
- Danton (1909) - torpedoed 1917 in Tyrrhenian Sea.[7]
- Voltaire (1909) - condemned 1935, BU 1939.[7]
- Diderot (1909) - condemned 1936, BU 1937.[7]
- Condorcet (1909) - deleted 1931, scuttled 1942, refloated 1944, sold for BU 1945.[7]
- Mirabeau (1909) - target 1921-22, BU 1928.[7]
- Vergniaud (1910) - deleted 1921, used as target for experiments until 1926, BU 1928.[7]
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
Cape Helles is the rocky headland at the south-westernmost tip of the Gallipoli peninsula, Turkey. ...
The French battleship Bouvet was a pre-Dreadnought battleship of the French Navy, (probably) named after French mariner and explorer Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier, launched in 1896 and sunk during World War I. The Bouvet was part of the squadron contributed by the French to the Dardanelles Campaign. ...
The French battleship Suffren was a pre-Dreadnought battleship of the French Navy named after French admiral Pierre André de Suffren de Saint Tropez, launched in July 1899 and torpedoed off Lisbon on 26 November 1916, going down with all hands. ...
Danton Class semi-Dreadnoughts The Danton Class were a class of French battleships built between 1907-1911, which served in World War I Design These ships were unusal in that they combined turbine propulsion machinery with a Pre-Dreadnought armament. ...
Tyrrhenian Sea. ...
Experimental turret ships - Henri IV (1899) 8,807 tons - stricken 1921.[2]
Dreadnoughts - Courbet class 22,189 tons normal, 25,000-26,000 tons full load.[7]
- Jean Bart (1911) - renamed Océan 1936, disarmed for use as a training ship 1938, used for explosives trials by the Germans and sank 1944[8], sold for BU 1945,[7] broken up (BU) 1946-47[citation needed].
- Courbet (1911) - training ship 1939, taken over by Royal Navy 3 July 1940, transferred to Free French and used as AA guardship, scuttled on 9 June 1944 as part of a Mulberry harbour during the Normandy landings.[7][8]
- Paris (1912) - training ship 1939, taken over by Royal Navy 3 July 1940, transferred to Free French and used as accommodation ship, towed to Brest August 1944, used as a pontoon from 1950, sold for BU December 1955,[7][8] BU 1956[citation needed]
- France (1912) - wrecked 1922.[7]
- Bretagne class 25,000 full load.[7]
- Provence (1913) - sunk at Mers-el-Kébir 3 July 1940, refloated, and repaired at Toulon, scuttled November 1942, refloated 1943, scuttled 1944, refloated and BU 1949.[7][8]
- Bretagne (1913) - sunk at Mers-el-Kébir 3 July 1940, salvaged 1952 and BU.[7][8]
- Lorraine (1913) - interned by the British at Alexandria June 1940 - May 1943, then used by Free French, used as training ship 1945-1953, stricken February 1953, BU 1954.[7][8]
- Normandie class 25,230 full load (all except Béarn were cancelled and scrapped after launching).[7]
- Gascogne (1914) - BU 1923-24.[7]
- Normandie (1914) - BU 1924-25.[7]
- Flandre (1914) - BU 1924.[7]
- Languedoc (1916) - BU 1929.[7]
- Béarn (1920) converted to aircraft carrier 1923-27 - BU 1967.[7]
- Lyon class 29,000 tons full load, planned under 1912 programme, it was intended to place orders with builders in January-April 1915.[7]
- Duquesne (-) not started.[7]
- Lille (-) not started.[7]
- Lyon (-) not started.[7]
- Tourville (-) not started.[7]
The Courbet class dreadnought was a type of battleship of the French Navy. ...
This article is about the assault phase of Operation Overlord. ...
The French battleship Paris was a Courbet-class dreadnought battleship of the French Navy. ...
The French battleship France was a Courbet class dreadnought battleship of the French Navy. ...
The Bretagne class were Dreadnought battleships built for the French Navy during the First World war. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Combatants United Kingdom France Commanders James Somerville Marcel-Bruno Gensoul Strength 1 aircraft carrier 3 battleships 2 light cruisers 11 destroyers 4 battleships 6 destroyers 1 seaplane tender Casualties 3 Blackburn Skua 3 Fairey Swordfish 2 dead 1 battleship sunk 2 battleships heavily damaged 1 destroyer damaged 1,297 dead...
The Bretagne was a dreadnought of the French Navy, lead ship of her class. ...
Combatants United Kingdom France Commanders James Somerville Marcel-Bruno Gensoul Strength 1 aircraft carrier 3 battleships 2 light cruisers 11 destroyers 4 battleships 6 destroyers 1 seaplane tender Casualties 3 Blackburn Skua 3 Fairey Swordfish 2 dead 1 battleship sunk 2 battleships heavily damaged 1 destroyer damaged 1,297 dead...
The French battleship Lorraine was a Bretagne-class dreadnought battleship of the French Navy. ...
The Normandie class battleships were ordered for the French Navy before the First World War. ...
The Béarn was a unique aircraft carrier which served with France into World War II. The Béarn was commissioned in 1927 and was the only aircraft carrier produced by France until after World War II. Generally comparable to other early carriers developed by the major navies of the...
The Béarn was a unique aircraft carrier which served with France into World War II. The Béarn was commissioned in 1927 and was the only aircraft carrier produced by France until after World War II. Generally comparable to other early carriers developed by the major navies of the...
The Lyon class was planned from 1914, but was cancelled in favour of the Dunkerque design, less costly and better adapted to counter the German pocket battleships. ...
Fast battleships - Dunkerque class 26,500 tons standard, 30,750-31,400 tons normal, 35,500 tons deep load.[8]
- Dunkerque (1935) - damaged at Mers-el-Kébir 1940, underwent temporary repairs enabling her to returned to Toulon in February 1942, scuttled November 1942, refloated 1945, sold for BU 1958.[8]
- Strasbourg (1936) - scuttled November 1942, refloated 1943, sunk 1944, refloated 1945, used as experimental hulk, sold for BU 1955.[8]
- Richelieu class 35,000 tons standard, 43,293-46,500 tons standard, 47,548-49,850 tons deep load.[8]
- Richelieu (1939) - BU 1964.[8]
- Jean Bart (1940) - BU 1970.[8]
- Clemenceau (1943) - launched incomplete 1943, hull sunk by bombing 27 August 1944.[8]
- Gascogne never laid down - cancelled.[8]
- Alsace class (not begun)[citation needed]
- Alsace (-)[citation needed]
- Normandie (-)[citation needed]
- Flandre (-)[citation needed]
- Bourgogne (-)[citation needed]
- unnamed (-)[citation needed]
- unnamed (-)[citation needed]
The Dunkerque class was a new type of warship of the French Navy, labelled as fast battleship. Not as large as other contemporary battleships, they were designed to counter the threat of the German pocket battleships of the Deutschland class. ...
The Dunkerque was the first of a new type of warship of the French Navy, labeled as fast battleship. Not quite the size of a full battleship, they were designed to counter the threat of the German pocket battleships of the Deutschland class. ...
Combatants United Kingdom France Commanders James Somerville Marcel-Bruno Gensoul Strength 1 aircraft carrier 3 battleships 2 light cruisers 11 destroyers 4 battleships 6 destroyers 1 seaplane tender Casualties 3 Blackburn Skua 3 Fairey Swordfish 2 dead 1 battleship sunk 2 battleships heavily damaged 1 destroyer damaged 1,297 dead...
The Strasbourg was a warship of the French Navy, labeled as fast battleship. Larger and more powerful than a mere battlecruiser, yet not a full battleship, they were designed to counter the threat of the German Pocket battleships. ...
The Jean Bart was a French battleship of World War II named for the seventeenth century seaman and corsair Jean Bart. ...
The Richelieu was a French battleship of World War II named for the seventeenth century statesman Cardinal Richelieu. ...
The Jean Bart was a French battleship of World War II named for the seventeenth century seaman and corsair Jean Bart. ...
The Alsace class battleships were planned to succeed and enlarge the Richelieu class. ...
Coastal service ships
Broadside ironclad coastal service ships - Ironclad floating batteries built for the Crimean War 1,600 tons.[2]
- Congrève (1855) - stricken 1867
- Dévastation (1855) - stricken 1871.[2]
- Foudroyante (1855) - stricken 1871.[2]
- Lave (1855) - stricken 1871.[2]
- Tonnante (1855) - stricken 1871.[2]
- Palestro class floating batteries 1,508-1,539 tons.[2]
- Paixhans (1862) - stricken 1871.[2]
- Palestro (1862) - stricken 1871.[2]
- Peiho (1862) - stricken 1871.[2]
- Saïgon (1862) - stricken 1871.[2]
- Arrogante class floating batteries 1,412-1.490 tons.[2]
- Arrogante (1864) - stricken 1881.[2]
- Implacable (1864) - stricken 1884.[2]
- Opiniâtre (1864) - stricken 1885.[2]
- Embuscade class floating batteries 1,426-1,589 tons.[2]
- Embuscade (1865) - stricken 1885.[2]
- Imprenable (1867) - stricken 1882.[2]
- Protectrice (1867) - stricken 1889.[2]
- Refuge (1866) - stricken 1884.[2]
- Rochambeau (1865) ex-USS Dunderberg 7,800 tons, purchased 1867 - stricken 1872.[2]
Barbette and turret coastal service ships - Taureau (1865) barbette ship ram 2,433 tons - stricken 1890.[2]
- Onondaga (1863) ex-USS Onondaga 2,551 tons, purchased 1867 - stricken 1904.[2]
- Cerbère class turret rams 3,532 tons.[2]
- Belier (1870) - stricken 1896.[2]
- Bouledogue (1872) - stricken 1897.[2]
- Cerbère (1868) - stricken 1887.[2]
- Tigre (1871) - stricken 1892.[2]
- Tonnerre class turret ships 5,765-5,871 tons.[2]
- Tonnerre (1875) - stricken 1905.[2]
- Fulminant (1877) - stricken 1908.[2]
- Tempête class turret ships 4.635-4,793 tons.[2]
- Tempête (1876) - stricken 1907.[2]
- Vengeur (1878) - stricken 1905.[2]
- Tonnant (1880) barbette ship 5,010 tons. Originally intended to be similar to Tempête, but redesigned as a small battleship with increased freeboard and a gun at each end in barbettes.[1] - stricken 1903.[2]
- Furieux (1883) barbette ship 5,925 tons. Similar to Tonnant for the same reasons.[1] - stricken 1913.[2]
- Terrible class barbette ships 7,530 tons.[2] Small battleships based on the Amiral Baudin, and intended for operating in the Baltic in case of war with Germany.[1] The British sometimes considered these to be sea-going battleships,[9] and sometimes coastal service warships.[3]
- Caïman (1885) - BU 1927.[2]
- Indomptable (1883) - BU 1927.[2]
- Requin (1885) - stricken 1920.[2]
- Terrible (1887) - stricken 1911.[2]
- Jemmapes class turret ships 6,476 tons.[2]
- Jemmapes (1892) - hulked 1911.[2]
- 'Valmy (1892) - stricken 1911.[2]
- Bouvines class turret ships 6,681 tons.[2]
- Amiral Tréhouart (1893) - stricken 1922.[2]
- Bouvines (1892) - stricken 1920.[2]
Footnotes - ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Ropp, Theodore, The Development of a Modern Navy, French Naval Policy 1871-1904, pub US Naval Institute, 1987, ISBN 0-87021-141-2
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw Chesnau, Roger and Kolesnik, Eugene (Ed.) Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships, 1860-1905. Conway Maritime Press, 1979. ISBN 0-83170-302-4
- ^ a b Brassey, Lord, The Naval Annual 1890, pub Griffin, 1890.
- ^ a b Hovgaard, William, Modern History of Warships, originally published 1920, pub Conway, 1978, ISBN 0-85177-040-1
- ^ Brassey, Lord, The Naval Annual 1886, pub Griffin, 1886.
- ^ a b Page 86, Brassey, Lord, The Naval Annual 1886,
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa Gardiner, Robert (ed), Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906-1921, pub Conways, 1985, ISBN 0-85177-245-5
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Gardiner, Robert (ed), Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922-1946, pub Conways, 1980, ISBN 0-84177-146-7
- ^ Brassey, Lord, The Naval Annual 1887, pub Griffin, 1887.
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