This is part of a collection of lists with the terms used in biological and medical research. Source: public domain CRISP Thesaurus maintained by the Office of Extramural Research at the National Institutes of Health [1] (http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/). Biology studies the variety of life (clockwise from top-left) E. coli, tree fern, gazelle, Goliath beetle Biology is the science of life (from the Greek words bios = life and logos = word). ... See drugs, medication, and pharmacology for substances that are used to treat patients. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...

Lists of biomedical topics: | # | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z These are collection of lists with the terms used in biological and medical research. ... This is a list of terms used in biological and medical research. ... This is part of a collection of lists with the terms used in biological and medical research. ... This is part of a collection of lists with the terms used in biological and medical research. ... This is part of a collection of lists with the terms used in biological and medical research. ... This is part of a collection of lists with the terms used in biological and medical research. ... This is part of a collection of lists with the terms used in biological and medical research. ... This is part of a collection of lists with the terms used in biological and medical research. ... This is part of a collection of lists with the terms used in biological and medical research. ... This is part of a collection of lists with the terms used in biological and medical research. ... This is part of a collection of lists with the terms used in biological and medical research. ... This is part of a collection of lists with the terms used in biological and medical research. ... This is part of a collection of lists with the terms used in biological and medical research. ... This is part of a collection of lists with the terms used in biological and medical research. ... This is part of a collection of lists with the terms used in biological and medical research. ... This is part of a collection of lists with the terms used in biological and medical research. ... This is part of a collection of lists with the terms used in biological and medical research. ... ... This is part of a collection of lists with the terms used in biological and medical research. ...

R factor -- R pipiens -- R plasmid -- R43 grant -- R44 grant -- rabbit -- rabbit fibroma virus -- rabbit kidney vaculolating virus -- rabbit papilloma -- rabbit papillomavirus -- rabies -- rabies vaccine -- rabies virus -- Rabson Mendenhall syndrome -- raccoon -- raccoon parvovirus -- raccoonpox virus -- race -- racemization -- racial difference -- racial discrimination -- racism -- raclopride -- rad (radiation dose unit) -- radarkymography -- radial keratotomy -- radiation -- radiation carcinogen -- radiation carcinogenesis -- radiation detector -- radiation dosage -- radiation effect (biological) -- radiation effect (chemical) -- radiation genetics -- radiation hazard -- radiation immunosuppression -- radiation induced mosaicism -- radiation leukemia -- radiation protection -- radiation protection drug -- radiation recovery -- radiation related cancer -- radiation related neoplasm -- radiation resistance -- radiation sensitivity -- radiation teletherapy -- radiation therapy -- radiation therapy dosage -- radiculoneuritis -- radio -- radio controlled electronic stimulator -- radioactive fallout -- radioactive hydrogen -- radioactive microsphere technique -- radioactive waste -- radioactivity analysis -- radioassay -- radioautography -- radiobiology -- radiocardiography -- radiochemical -- radiochemistry -- radiodiagnosis -- radiofluorescent probe -- radiofrequency -- radiography -- radioimmunoassay -- radioimmunoprecipitation -- radioisotope -- radioisotope implant in cancer therapy -- radioisotope labeling of chemical -- radiolabel -- radioligand -- radiological health -- radiologist -- radiology -- radiomimetic agent -- radionuclide -- radionuclide diagnosis -- radionuclide double label -- radionuclide emission tomography -- radionuclide imaging -- radionuclide implant -- radionuclide renography -- radionuclide scanning -- radionuclide therapy -- radiopharmacology -- radioprotective agent -- radioscopy -- radiosensitivity -- radiosensitizer -- radiotherapy -- radiotracer -- radiowave radiation -- radish mosaic virus -- radixin -- radon -- RAGE -- ragweed -- raloxifene -- Raman spectrometry -- Raman spectroscopy -- Rana -- random amplified polymorphic DNA technique -- random coil (protein) -- range of motion -- Ranikhet virus -- ranitidine -- RANK protein -- RANTES -- rapamycin -- RAPD -- rape -- raphe nucleus magnus -- rapid diagnosis -- rapid eye movement sleep -- rapid method -- rapid technique -- rare disease -- rare earth element -- Ras protein -- rat -- rat cytomegalovirus -- rat parvovirus -- rat virus -- ratfish -- rational emotive therapy -- rats -- Rauscher's virus -- rauwolfia alkaloid -- rauwolfine -- ray (fish) -- ray (radiation) -- Raynaud's disease -- Raynaud's phenomenon -- Rb gene -- Rb81 isotope -- Rb86 isotope -- RBC -- RBE -- RCC -- RDA -- rDNA -- reaction rate -- reaction rate (chemical) -- reactive depression -- reactive hyperemia -- reactive oxygen intermediate -- reactive oxygen species -- reactive psychotic depression -- reactive site -- reactive site (enzyme) -- reading -- reading disorder -- reading disorder diagnosis -- reagent -- reagent standard -- reagent standardization -- reagent testing -- real time model -- recA protein -- receptor -- receptor binding -- receptor coupling -- receptor density -- receptor downregulation -- receptor expression -- receptor for advanced glycation endproducts -- receptor function -- receptor internalization -- receptor mediated endocytosis -- receptor recycling -- receptor sensitivity -- receptor structure function -- receptor upregulation -- recessive oncogene -- Recklinghausen's disease -- Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis -- recombinant DNA -- recombinant peptide -- recombinant protein -- recombinant vaccinia virus -- recombinant virus -- recombinant virus vaccine -- recombinase -- recommended daily allowance -- reconstituted skin -- reconstructive surgery -- recovery of function -- recreation -- recreation safety -- rectal disorder -- rectal neoplasm -- rectal prolapse -- rectocele -- rectosigmoid growth -- rectosigmoid neoplasm -- rectum -- rectum growth -- rectum neoplasm -- recurrence -- red algae -- red blood cell -- red monkey -- red nucleus -- red tide -- red wine -- redox -- redoxin -- reducing agent -- reducing diet -- reduction -- Reduviidae -- reflection spectrometry -- reflex -- reflex disorder -- reflex epilepsy -- reflex sympathetic dystrophy -- reflexology -- reflux esophagitis -- refractive keratoplasty -- refrigeration anesthesia -- Refsum disease -- regeneration -- regional anesthesia -- regional difference -- regional medical planning -- regression -- regulatory gene -- regulatory gene product -- regulon -- rehabilitation -- rehearsal -- Reiki -- reinforcer -- Reiter treponeme -- Reiter's syndrome -- relapse -- relapsing fever -- relapsing fever tick -- relative biological effectiveness -- relaxation -- relaxation spectrometry -- relaxation therapy -- relaxation training -- relaxin -- relaxing enzyme -- release factor -- religion -- religious group -- reliveran -- REM (roentgen equivalent man) -- REM sleep -- remedial education -- remission -- remote control electronic stimulator -- remote sensing -- renal -- renal artery -- renal artery obstruction -- renal calculi -- renal cancer -- renal cell carcinoma -- renal cortex -- renal epithelium -- renal failure -- renal glomerulus -- renal glycosuria -- renal hypertension -- renal hypoxia -- renal ischemia -- renal medulla -- renal osteodystrophy -- renal rickets -- renal sclerosis -- renal toxin -- renal transplantation -- renal tubular reabsorption -- renal tubular transport -- renal tubule -- renal tubule acidosis -- renaturation of protein -- Renilla luciferin 2 monooxygenase -- renin -- renin angiotensin system -- renin hypertension -- renin induced hypertension -- rennin -- renoprival hypertension -- Rentylin -- Reoviridae -- Reoviridae disease -- reovirus -- reovirus 1 -- reovirus 2 -- reovirus 3 -- repair endonuclease -- repair enzyme -- reperfusion -- repetitive motion injury -- repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation -- replicase -- replication -- replication therapy -- replicator -- replicon -- reporter gene -- repository -- representational difference analysis -- repression -- reproduction -- reproductive development -- reproductive hormone -- reproductive system -- reproductive system circulation -- reproductive system disorder -- reproductive system disorder chemotherapy -- reproductive system disorder diagnosis -- reproductive system disorder pharmacotherapy -- reproductive system infection -- reproductive system neoplasm -- reproductive system pharmacology -- reproductive system surgery -- reproductive tissue transplantation -- reptile poison -- Reptilia -- reptilian type C virus -- RER (rough endoplasmic reticulum) -- research alternatives to animal use -- research data dissemination -- research design -- research facility -- reserpate derivative -- reserpine -- residence -- residential care facility -- residential mobility -- residual cancer -- residual disease -- residual neoplasm -- residual tumor -- resin -- resistance (electrical) -- resistance factor -- resorcinol -- respiration regulation -- respiration regulatory center -- respirator -- respiratory acidosis -- respiratory airflow disorder -- respiratory airflow measurement -- respiratory airway clearance -- respiratory airway obstruction -- respiratory airway pressure -- respiratory airway volume -- respiratory anoxia -- respiratory assist -- respiratory burst (leukocyte) -- respiratory burst oxidase -- respiratory center dysfunction -- respiratory circulation -- respiratory circulation disorder -- respiratory dead space -- respiratory disease /disorder therapy -- respiratory disease therapy -- respiratory disorder -- respiratory disorder chemotherapy -- respiratory disorder diagnosis -- respiratory disorder epidemiology -- respiratory disorder pharmacotherapy -- respiratory disorder therapy -- respiratory distress syndrome of newborn -- respiratory electronic stimulator -- respiratory enzyme -- respiratory epithelium -- respiratory examination -- respiratory failure -- respiratory function -- respiratory gas -- respiratory gas analyzer -- respiratory gas level -- respiratory gas transport -- respiratory hypersensitivity -- respiratory hypoxia -- respiratory imaging -- respiratory infection -- respiratory infection virus -- respiratory insufficiency -- respiratory intensive care -- respiratory muscle -- respiratory neoplasm -- respiratory nitrate reductase -- respiratory oxygen -- respiratory oxygenation -- respiratory periodicity -- respiratory pharmacology -- respiratory pneumotachography -- respiratory protein -- respiratory reflex -- respiratory surgery -- respiratory syncytial virus -- respiratory system -- respiratory therapy -- respiratory toxin -- respiratory transplantation -- respiratory virus -- respiratory visualization -- response -- response generalization -- rest -- restenosis -- resting metabolic rate -- resting phase (cell cycle) -- resting potential -- restorative dentistry -- restraint -- restricted diet -- restricted physical activity -- restriction endonuclease -- restriction enzyme -- restriction fragment length polymorphism -- restriction mapping -- resuscitation -- reticular dysgenesis -- reticular formation -- reticulocyte -- reticuloendothelial stimulant -- reticuloendothelial system -- reticuloendotheliosis -- reticuloendotheliosis virus -- reticulospinal tract -- reticulum cell -- reticulum cell lymphoma -- retina -- retina circulation -- retina circulation disorder -- retina degeneration -- retina detachment -- retina disorder -- retina hemorrhage -- retina photosensitive pigment -- retina visual transduction -- retinal -- retinal (bacteriorhodopsin) -- retinal adaptation -- retinal bipolar neuron -- retinal cone -- retinal correspondence -- retinal ganglion -- retinal pigment epithelium -- retinal reductase -- retinal regeneration -- retinal screening pigment -- retinaldehyde -- retinene -- retinitis -- retinitis pigmentosa -- retinoate -- retinoate receptor -- retinoblastoma -- retinoblastoma gene -- retinoblastoma protein -- retinochoroiditis -- retinography -- retinoid -- retinoid binding protein -- retinoid therapy of cancer -- retinol -- retinopathy of prematurity -- retirement -- retransplantation -- retrobulbar neuritis -- retrograde transport -- retrolental fibroplasia -- retroperitoneal neoplasm -- Retrovir -- Retroviridae -- Retroviridae disease -- Retrovirus -- Rett syndrome -- reuptake -- revascularization surgery -- reversal learning -- reverse tolerance -- reverse transcriptase -- reverse transcriptase inhibitor -- reverse transcriptase PCR -- reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction -- reversed phase chromatography -- revertase -- review -- reward -- Reye's syndrome -- RF coil -- RFLP -- RGD (peptide) -- RGD (sequence) -- Rh blood group -- rhabdomyosarcoma -- Rhabdoviridae -- Rhabdovirus -- Rhabdovirus carpia -- Rhadinovirus -- rheoencephalography -- rhesus monkey -- rheumatic endocarditis -- rheumatic fever -- rheumatic heart disease -- rheumatism -- rheumatoid arthritis -- rheumatoid factor -- rheumatoidlike arthritis -- rhinencephalon -- rhinitis -- rhinoceros -- Rhinocladiella -- rhinovirus -- Rhizidiovirus -- Rhizobiaceae -- Rhizobium -- Rhizobium radiobacter -- Rhizopoda -- RHO (GTP binding protein) -- rhodanese -- Rhodesian trypanosome -- rhodium -- Rhodnius -- Rhodobacter -- Rhodococcus -- Rhodophyta -- Rhodopseudomonas -- rhodopsin -- rhodopsin kinase -- Rhodospirillales -- Rhodospirillum -- Rhodotorula -- rhodotoxin -- rhombencephalon -- RHR heart reflex -- Rhus dermatitis -- rhythm method -- RIA -- rib -- ribavirin -- riboflavin -- riboflavin deficiency -- ribonuclease H -- ribonuclease I -- ribonuclease II -- ribonuclease III -- ribonuclease P -- ribonucleic acid -- ribonucleoprotein -- ribonucleoside -- ribonucleotide -- ribonucleotide reductase -- ribopolynucleotide -- ribose -- ribose phosphate -- ribose phosphate pyrophosphokinase -- riboside -- ribosomal DNA -- ribosomal protein -- ribosomal RNA -- ribosome -- ribosyltransferase -- ribozyme -- rice -- rice dwarf virus -- rice gall dwarf virus -- rice ragged stunt virus -- ricefish -- ricin -- ricinoleate -- rickets -- Rickettsia -- Rickettsia prowazekii -- Rickettsia psittaci -- Rickettsia quintana -- Rickettsia rickettsii -- Rickettsia trachomae -- Rickettsiaceae -- rickettsial disease -- rickettsial pox -- Rickettsiales -- Rickettsiales disease -- ridogrel -- rifabutin -- rifamide -- rifampicin -- rifampin -- rifamycin -- rifapentine -- Rift Valley fever virus -- Riley Day syndrome -- Riley's virus -- rinderpest virus -- ringworm -- riot -- risperidone -- ristocetin -- Ritalin -- ritonavir -- rituxan -- rituximab -- river blindness -- Rivotril -- RNA -- RNA amplification -- RNA analysis -- RNA binding protein -- RNA biosynthesis -- RNA blot analysis -- RNA blot hybridization -- RNA blotting -- RNA chemical synthesis -- RNA directed DNA polymerase -- RNA directed RNA polymerase -- RNA editing -- RNA interference -- RNA library -- RNA ligase -- RNA marker -- RNA methylation -- RNA nucleotidyltransferase -- RNA polymerase -- RNA probe -- RNA purification -- RNA replication -- RNA sequence -- RNA sequencing -- RNA splicing -- RNA synthesis -- RNA transport -- RNA tumor virus -- RNA virus -- RNAi -- RNase -- RNase A -- RNase D -- RNase H -- RNase I -- RNase III -- RNase O -- RNase P -- RNase protection assay -- RNP -- Ro31-8959-003 -- Robinul -- robotics -- ROC (receptor operated channel) -- Rochalimaea -- Rochalimaea henselae -- Rochalimaea quintana -- Rocky Mountain spotted fever -- rod cell -- rod outer segment -- rodent plasmodia -- Rodentia -- rodenticide -- roentgen videodensitometry -- ROESY -- Roferon A -- Rohypnol -- role -- role model -- role playing (psychodrama) -- root -- root canal (anatomy) -- root canal filling material -- root canal surgery -- root canal therapy -- root resection (dental) -- Rorschach test -- ROS (rod outer segment) -- rose bengal -- Rose's tamponade -- rosette test -- rosiglitazone -- Ross River virus -- rotamase (peptidyl proline) -- Rotavirus -- Rotavirus disease -- rotavirus vaccine -- rotenone -- Rothia dentocariosa -- Rotifera -- rougeole virus -- roughage -- round window -- roundworm -- Rous sarcoma -- Rous sarcoma virus -- Roussy Levy syndrome -- RP -- rRNA -- RS 61443 -- RSH Syndrome -- RSV -- RT PCR -- RTV -- RU 486 -- RU486 -- rubber -- rubber allergen -- rubber allergy -- rubella -- rubella virus -- rubeola -- rubeola virus -- rubidium -- Rubivirus -- rubredoxin -- rubrefacient -- rubrospinal tract -- ruga -- runaway child -- runner's anemia -- running -- runt disease -- rupture -- ruptured disk -- rural area -- rural health -- rural planning -- Russia -- Russian autumn encephalitis virus -- ruthenium -- ryanodine -- ryanodine receptor -- rye grass -- Genera Pentalagus Bunolagus Nesolagus Romerolagus Brachylagus Sylvilagus Oryctolagus Poelagus Rabbits are small mammals in the family Leporidae, found in many parts of the world. ... This article is about the infectious disease. ... Binomial name Procyon lotor (Linnaeus, 1758) The common raccoon (Procyon lotor), also known as the northern raccoon or just raccoon or coon, is a mammal native to the Americas. ... A race is a distinct population of humans distinguished in some way from other humans. ... In chemistry racemization refers to partial conversion of one enantiomorph into another. ... An African-American drinks out of a water fountain marked for colored in 1939 at a street car terminal in Oklahoma City. ... An African-American drinks out of a water cooler designated for use by colored patrons in 1939 at a streetcar terminal in Oklahoma City. ... Radial keratotomy (RK) is a refractive surgical procedure to correct myopia. ... Radiation generally means the transmission of objects or information from a source into a surrounding medium or destination. ... Radiation protection, sometimes known as radiological protection, is the science of protecting people and the environment from the harmful effects of radiation. ... Radiation resistance is that part of an antennas feedpoint resistance that is caused by the radiation of electromagnetic waves from the antenna. ... Radiation therapy (or radiotherapy) is the medical use of ionizing radiation as part of cancer treatment to control malignant cells (not to be confused with radiology, the use of radiation in medical imaging and diagnosis). ... A Russian fissile material storage facility Radioactive waste is waste material containing radioactive chemical elements that does not have a practical purpose. ... Radiobiology is the study of the response of biological tissues to ionizing radiation. ... Radio frequency, or RF, refers to that portion of the electromagnetic spectrum in which electromagnetic waves can be generated by alternating current fed to an antenna. ... Radiography is the creation of radiographs, photographs made by exposing a photographic film or other image receptor to X-rays. ... Radioimmunoassay is a scientific method used to test hormone levels in the blood without the need to use a bioassay. ... A radionuclide is an atom with an unstable nucleus. ... A radioligand is a radioactive biochemical substance that is used to study the receptor systems of the brain. ... Radiology is the branch of medical science dealing with the medical use of x-ray machines or other such radiation devices. ... Radiology is the branch of medical science dealing with the medical use of x-ray machines or other such radiation devices. ... A radionuclide is an atom with an unstable nucleus. ... Radiation therapy (or radiotherapy) is the medical use of ionizing radiation as part of cancer treatment to control malignant cells (not to be confused with radiology, the use of radiation in medical imaging and diagnosis). ... General Name, Symbol, Number Radon, Rn, 86 Chemical series Noble gases Group, Period, Block 18 (VIIIA), 6, p Density, Hardness 9. ... Species See text Ragweeds (Ambrosia) is a genus of flowering plants from the sunflower family (Asteraceae). ... Raloxifene is an oral selective estrogen receptor modulator which is used in the prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. ... Raman spectroscopy is a spectroscopic technique used in condensed matter physics and chemistry to study vibrational, rotational, and other low-frequency modes in a system. ... Rana is: A municipality in the county of Nordland, Norway, see Rana, Norway The Rana family, who usurped control of Nepal from the mid-19th century until 1951, reducing the monarch to a figurehead and ruling through hereditary government positions A genus of frogs (rana is Latin for frog) La... Ranitidine is a histamine H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits stomach acid production, and commonly used in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). ... Sirolimus is a relatively new immunosuppressant drug used to prevent rejection in organ transplantation, and is especially useful in kidney transplants. ... RAPD stands for random amplification of polymorphic DNA. It is a type of PCR reaction, but the segments of DNA that are amplified are random. ... A rare disease has such a low prevalence in a population that a doctor in a busy general practice would not expect to see more than one case a year. ... Rare earth ore The rare earth elements are a relatively abundant group of 17 chemical elements (see Periodic Table) composed of scandium, yttrium, and the lanthanides. ... This is about a protein. ... Species 50 species; see text *Several subfamilies of Muroids include animals called rats. ... Families Callorhynchidae Rhinochimaeridae Chimaeridae Other meanings, based on a fantastic animal, are at Chimera Chimaera is the common name of the species in the families Callorhynchidae, Rhinochimaeridae and Chimaeridae which all are closely related to sharks; they are also called ghost sharks. ... This is an article about wild rats; for pet rats, see Fancy rat Species 50 species; see text *Several subfamilies of Muroids include animals called rats. ... Orders Batoidea - common rays and skates Myliobatiformes - eagle rays, manta rays Pristiformes - sawfishes Torpediniformes - electric rays Rays are a group (superorder Rajomorphii or Batoidea) of cartilaginous fishes. ... Raynauds disease (RAY-noz) is a condition that affects blood flow to the extremities which include the fingers, toes, nose and ears when exposed to temperature changes or stress. ... In medicine, Raynauds phenomenon is discoloration of the fingers or toes due to emotion or cold in a characteristic pattern in time: white, blue and red. ... RBC can mean: Real Business Cycle red blood cell Ripper-Burner-Converter Royal Bank of Canada This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Delete this hoax page. ... RDA is: The UK Governments Recommended Daily Amount, published in 1979 and superceded by the Dietary Reference Value in 1991. ... Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) are sequences encoding ribosomal RNA. These sequences regulate amplification and transcription initiation and contain transcribed and nontranscribed spacer segments. ... The reaction rate of a chemical reaction is the speed of production of products from reactants. ... In chemistry free radicals are uncharged atomic or molecular species with unpaired electrons or an otherwise open shell configuration. ... Reading is an enjoyable pastime for many people. ... A reagent is any substance used in a chemical reaction. ... Receptor may refer to: In telecommunication, a receiver. ... Recombinant DNA is an artificial DNA sequence resulting from the combining of two other DNA sequences in a plasmid. ... Recombinant proteins are proteins that are produced by different genetically modified organisms following insertion of the relevant DNA into their genome. ... Plastic surgery is a general term for operative manual and instrumental treatment which is performed for functional or aesthetic reasons. ... Tigers playing in the water Recreation is the employment of time in a non-profitable way, in many ways also a therapeutic refreshment of ones body or mind. ... Rectal prolapse normally describes a medical condition wherein the walls of the rectum protrude through the anus, they are hence visible outside the body. ... A rectocele is an abnormal bulging of the rectovaginal septum (which is normally a semi-rigid divider between the rectum and vagina) into the vaginal area. ... The posterior aspect of the rectum exposed by removing the lower part of the sacrum and the coccyx. ... In mathematics, a recurrence relation, also known as a difference equation, is an equation which defines a sequence recursively: each term of the sequence is defined as a function of the preceding terms. ... Red algae Classes Florideophyceae Bangiophyceae Cyanidiophyceae The red algae are a large group of mostly multicellular, marine algae, including many notable seaweeds. ... Human red blood cells Red blood cells are the most common type of blood cell and are the vertebrate bodys principal means of delivering oxygen to body tissues via the blood. ... A red tide resulting from a dinoflagellate bloom discoloring the water on the right An algal bloom is a relatively rapid increase in the population of (usually) phytoplankton algae in an aquatic system. ... This article is about the beverage. ... The most fundamental reactions in chemistry are the redox processes. ... A reducing agent is a substance used in electrochemistry that reduces another substance. ... Reduction or reducing has several meanings: In mathematics, reduction is the process of manipulating a series of equations or matrices into a desired simpler format. ... Subfamilies Harpactorinae Peiratinae Tegeinae Triatominae etc. ... A reflex action or reflex is a biological control system linking stimulus to response and mediated by a reflex arc. ... Reflexology (or zone therapy) is the practice of stimulating points on the feet, hands, or ears (termed reflex zones), in the hopes that it will have a beneficial effect on some other parts of the body, or will improve general health. ... Esophagitis (aka reflux esophagitis) is inflammation of the esophagus. ... In biology, regeneration is the ability to recreate lost or damaged tissues, organs and limbs. ... Regional anaesthesia includes epidural anaesthesia, spinal anaesthesia and blocks to specific nerves to block sensation in the parts of the body served. ... Generally, regression is a move backwards. ... Rehabilitation is the restoration of lost capabilities, or the treatment aimed at producing it. ... Reiki is said by its practitioners to be a form of complementary or alternative medicine, developed (or rediscovered) during the Meiji period (the late 19th century) by Mikao Usui in Japan. ... In operant conditioning, reinforcement is the presentation of a stimulus contingent on a response which results in an increase in response strength (as evidenced by an increase in the frequency of response). ... A differential diagnosis revealed that the rash on the bottom of this individual’s feet, known as keratoderma blennorrhagica, was due to Reiters syndrome, not a syphilitic infection as was initially suspected - CDC/ Dr. ... A relapse occurs when a person is affected again by a condition that affected them in the past. ... The word relaxation can mean the following: The opposite of stress or tension; the aim of recreation and leisure activities. ... A religious denomination, (also simply denomination) is a large, long-established subgroup within a religion that has been in existence for many years. ... Rapid eye movement (REM) is the stage of sleep during which the most vivid (though not all) dreams occur. ... Remission is the state of absence of disease activity in patients with known chronic illness. ... In the broadest sense, remote sensing is the measurement or acquisition of information of an object or phenomenon, by a recording device that is not in physical or intimate contact with the object. ... Kidneys viewed from behind with spine removed The kidneys are bean-shaped excretory organs in vertebrates. ... The renal arteries normally arise off the abdominal aorta and supply the kidneys with blood. ... Kidney stones are solid accretions (crystals) of dissolved minerals in urine found inside the kidneys or ureters. ... Renal cell carcinoma, a form of kidney cancer that involves cancerous changes in the cells of the renal tubule, is the most common type of kidney cancer in adults. ... The renal cortex is the outer portion of the kidney between the renal capsule and the renal medulla. ... Renal failure is when the kidneys fail to function properly. ... The renal medulla is the innermost part of the kidney. ... Kidney transplantation or renal transplantation is the organ transplant of a kidney in a patient with chronic renal failure. ... Nephron of the kidney A nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. ... Renin, also known as angiotensinogenase, is a circulating enzyme (EC 3. ... Rennet, also called rennin or chymosin (EC 3. ... Genera Orthoreovirus Orbivirus Rotavirus Coltivirus Aquareovirus Cypovirus Fijivirus Phytoreovirus Oryzavirus The Reoviridae are a family of viruses that includes some viruses that affect the gastrointestinal system (such as Rotavirus), and some that cause respiratory infections. ... Genera Orthoreovirus Orbivirus Rotavirus Coltivirus Aquareovirus Cypovirus Fijivirus Phytoreovirus Oryzavirus The Reoviridae are a family of viruses that includes some viruses that affect the gastrointestinal system (such as Rotavirus), and some that cause respiratory infections. ... Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is the use of powerful rapidly changing magnetic fields to induce electric fields in the brain by electromagnetic induction without the need for surgery or external electrodes. ... In biology, replication is the act or ability to make a copy. ... In a generic sense, a replicator can be anything capable of self-replication. ... A replicon is a DNA molecule or a region of DNA that replicates as an individual unit. ... In molecular biology, a reporter gene (often simply reporter) is a gene that researchers attach to another they wish to study in cell culture, animals or plants. ... A repository is a central place where data is stored and maintained. ... A repressed memory, according to some theories of psychology, a memory (often traumatic) of an event or environment which is stored by the unconscious mind but outside the awareness of the conscious mind. ... Reproduction is the creation of one thing as a copy of, product of, or replacement for a similar thing, e. ... A sex organ, or primary sexual characteristic, narrowly defined, is any of those parts of the body (which are not always bodily organs according to the strict definition) which are involved in sexual reproduction and constitute the reproductive system in an complex organism; namely: Male: penis (notably the glans penis... Orders  Crocodilia - Crocodilians scary crocodiles. ... Reserpine is a drug known to indirectly stimulate dopamine release in the brain. ... A dwelling is a structure in which humans or other animals live. ... Resin is a hydrocarbon secretion formed in special resin canals of many plants, from many of which (for example, coniferous trees) it is exuded in soft drops from wounds, hardening into solid masses in the air. ... Benzenediols or dihydroxybenzenes are aromatic chemical compounds in which two hydroxyl groups are substituted onto a benzene ring. ... A respirator is a breathing aid often used by intensive care units for the mechanical ventilation patients with respiratory failure. ... Respiratory acidosis is acidosis (abnormal acidity of the blood) due to decreased ventilation of the pulmonary alveoli, leading to elevated arterial carbon dioxide concentration. ... Respiratory failure is a medical term for inadequate gas exchange by the respiratory system. ... Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is the name of the human pneumovirus. ... The respiratory system is the biological system of any organism that engages in gas exchange. ... Respiratory therapy is an allied health field involved in the treatment of breathing disorders which include chronic lung problems (i. ... A response is the following: Often a response is the result of a stimulus. ... Rest has several different meanings. ... Restenosis literally means the reoccurrence of stenosis. ... Basal metabolic rate (BMR), is the rate of metabolism when an individual is at rest in a warm envirnonment and is in the post absorptive state, and have not eaten for at least 12 hours. ... ... The word restraint has several meanings: the emotional discipline of self-restraint handcuffs, shackles and other forms of physical restraint the act of employing physical restraints See also: constraint This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... A restriction enzyme (or restriction endonuclease) is an enzyme that cuts double-stranded DNA. The enzyme makes two incisions, one through each of the phosphate backbones of the double helix without damaging the bases. ... A restriction enzyme (or restriction endonuclease) is an enzyme that cuts double-stranded DNA. The enzyme makes two incisions, one through each of the phosphate backbones of the double helix without damaging the bases. ... In molecular biology, the term restriction fragment length polymorphism (or RFLP) is used in two related contexts: as a characteristic of DNA molecules (arising from their differing nucleotide sequences) by which they may be distinguished, and as the laboratory technique which uses this characteristic to compare DNA molecules. ... For other meanings of CPR, see CPR (disambiguation). ... Reticular formation is a part of the brain which is involved in stereotypical actions, such as walking, sleeping, and lying down. ... Reticulocytes are immature red blood cells, that normally comprise about 1% of the red cells in the human body. ... The reticuloendothelial system (RES), part of the immune system, consists of the phagocytic cells located in reticular connective tissue, primarily monocytes and macrophages. ... Human eye cross-sectional view. ... The Retinenes (Retinene1 and Retinene2) are chemical derivatives of the dietary supplement vitamin A (see retinol) formed through oxidation reactions. ... The Retinenes (Retinene1 and Retinene2) are chemical derivatives of the dietary supplement vitamin A (see retinol) formed through oxidation reactions. ... The Retinenes (Retinene1 and Retinene2) are chemical derivatives of the dietary supplement vitamin A (see retinol) formed through oxidation reactions. ... Normal vision. ... Retinoblastoma is a cancer of the retina. ... The Retinoids are a class of chemical compounds that are related chemically to vitamin A. Retinoids are used in medicine, primarily due to the way they regulate epithelial cell growth. ... Retinol, the dietary form of vitamin A, is a fat-soluble, antioxidant vitamin important in vision and bone growth. ... Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease of the eye that affects prematurely born babies. ... Retirement is the status of a worker who has stopped working. ... Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease of the eye that affects prematurely born babies. ... Genera Alpharetrovirus Betaretrovirus Gammaretrovirus Deltaretrovirus Epsilonretrovirus Lentivirus Spumavirus A retrovirus is a virus which has a genome consisting of two identical plus sense RNA molecules. ... Genera Alpharetrovirus Betaretrovirus Gammaretrovirus Deltaretrovirus Epsilonretrovirus Lentivirus Spumavirus A retrovirus is a virus which has a genome consisting of two plus sense RNA molecules, which may or not be identical. ... Introduction Rett syndrome (Retts syndrome, Rett disorder) is a progressive neurological disorder, one of the leading disorders of mental retardation in females. ... Reuptake is the reabsorption of a neurotransmitter by the molecular transporter of a pre-synaptic neuron after it has performed its function of transmitting a neural impulse. ... Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme used by all retroviruses and retrotransposons that transcribes the genetic information from the virus or retrotransposon from RNA into DNA, which can integrate into the host genome. ... Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors or RTIs for short are a class of drugs used in the treatment of HIV with the aim of preventing the individual virus units from replicating. ... A review is a piece of writing that discusses the authors opinion on a piece of publication, such as a movie, video game, musical composition, or novel. ... Reyes syndrome is a potentially fatal disease that causes numerous detrimental effects to many organs, especially the brain and liver. ... In molecular biology, the term restriction fragment length polymorphism (or RFLP) is used in two related contexts: as a characteristic of DNA molecules (arising from their differing nucleotide sequences) by which they may be distinguished, and as the laboratory technique which uses this characteristic to compare DNA molecules. ... A rhabdmyosarcoma is a form of cancer of the sarcoma subtype that shows differentiation or determination towards resembling skeletal muscle. ... Genera Vesiculovirus Lyssavirus Ephemerovirus Cytorhabdovirus Nucleorhabdovirus Novirhabdovirus Rhabdoviruses are viruses belonging to the family Rhabdoviridae, which is in the order Mononegavirales. ... Rhadinoviruses (Family Herpesviridae, subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae) are a genus of herpesviruses that include the Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), also known as Kaposis sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) which causes Kaposis sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma and multicentric Castlemans disease. ... Binomial name Macaca mulatta Zimmermann, 1780 The Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta), often called the Rhesus monkey, is one of the best known species of Old World monkeys. ... Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease which may develop after an infection with streptococcus bacteria (such as strep throat or scarlet fever) and can involve the heart, joints, skin, and brain. ... Rheumatism or Rheumatic disorder is a non-specific term for medical problems affecting the bones and joints. ... Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disorder that causes the immune system to attack the joints. ... Rheumatoid factor (RF) is a blood test performed in patients with suspected rheumatoid arthritis (RA). ... In anatomy of animals, the rhinencephalon is a part of the brain involved with olfaction. ... Rhinitis is the medical term describing irritation and inflammation of the nose. ... Species Ceratotherium simum Dicerorhinus sumatrensis Diceros bicornis Rhinoceros unicornis Coelodonta antiquitatis (extinct) A rhinoceros (commonly called a rhino for short) is any of five surviving species of odd-toed ungulate in the family Rhinocerotidae. ... Species Human rhinovirus A (HRV-A) Human rhinovirus B (HRV-B) A rhinovirus is a virus member of the family Picornaviridae. ... Genera Agrobacterium Rhizobium Sinorhizobium Ensifer The Rhizobiaceae are a family of proteobacteria, including many (but not all) species of rhizobia as well as plant parasites like Agrobacterium. ... Rhizobia (from the Greek words Riza = Root and Bios = Life) are soil bacteria that fix nitrogen (diazotrophy) after becoming established inside root nodules of legumes (Fabaceae). ... General Name, Symbol, Number rhodium, Rh, 45 Chemical series Transition metals Group, Period, Block 9, 5 , d Density, Hardness 12450 kg/m3, 6 Appearance Silvery white metallic Atomic properties Atomic weight 102. ... Red algae Classes Florideophyceae Bangiophyceae Cyanidiophyceae The red algae are a large group of mostly multicellular, marine algae, including many notable seaweeds. ... Categories: Biochemistry stubs | G protein coupled receptors | Sensory receptors | Pigments ... Families Rhodospirillaceae Acetobacteraceae The Rhodospirillales are an order of proteobacteria, with two families. ... Grayanotoxin is a toxin found in rhododendrons and other plants of the family Ericaceae. ... Natural family planning (NFP), sometimes described as periodic abstinence, is a form of birth control that involves recognizing the natural signs in a womans fertility. ... A ria is a submergent coastal landform, often known as a drowned valley or drowned river valley. ... This article is about the bones called ribs. ... Ribavirin (Copegus®; Rebetol®) is an anti-viral drug active against a number of DNA and RNA viruses. ... Riboflavin (E101), also known as vitamin B2, is an easily absorbed, water-soluble micronutrient with a key role in maintaining human health. ... Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a nucleic acid consisting of a string of covalently-bound nucleotides. ... A ribonucleotide is a nucleotide in which a purine or pyrimidine base is linked to a ribose molecule. ... Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) uses radical-based chemistry to synthesize deoxyribonucleotides, the building blocks of DNA. Categories: Stub ... Ribose Ribose is a five carbon sugar (pentose) that is critical to living creatures. ... Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) are sequences encoding ribosomal RNA. These sequences regulate amplification and transcription initiation and contain transcribed and nontranscribed spacer segments. ... A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is any RNA molecule that functions without being translated into a protein. ... Figure 1: Ribosome structure indicating small subunit (A) and large subunit (B). ... A ribozyme, or RNA enzyme, is an RNA molecule that can catalyze a chemical reaction. ... Species Oryza barthii Oryza glaberrima Oryza latifolia Oryza longistaminata Oryza punctata Oryza rufipogon Oryza sativa References ITIS 41975 2002-09-22 This article is about the food grain, not the university or Condoleezza Rice; see also rice (disambiguation). ... Genera Adrianichthys Horaichthys Oryzias Xenopoecilus The ricefishes are a family (Adrianichthyidae) of small ray-finned fish that are found in fresh and brackish waters from India to Japan and out into the Indo-Australian Archipelago, most notably Sulawesi. ... Castor beans The protein ricin (pronounced rye-sin) is a poison manufactured from the castor bean (Ricinus communis). ... X-ray of the legs in a two-year-old child with rickets Rickets is a disorder of infancy and early childhood of multiple etiologies. ... Species Rickettsia felis Rickettsia prowazekii Rickettsia rickettsii Rickettsia typhi Bacteria of the genus Rickettsia are carried as parasites by many ticks, fleas, and lice, and cause diseases such as typhus, rickettsialpox, Brill-Zinsser disease, Boutonneuse fever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and endemic typhus in human beings. ... Binomial name Rickettsia prowazekii Epidemic typhus is a form of typhus caused by the bacillus Rickettsia prowazekii, carried by the human body louse Pediculus humanus. ... Binomial name Rickettsia rickettsii Rocky Mountain spotted fever is the most severe and most frequently reported rickettsial illness in the United States, and has been diagnosed throughout the Americas. ... Genera Rickettsia Orientia Wolbachia The Rickettsiaceae are a family of bacteria, including most notably the genus Rickettsia. ... Families Rickettsiaceae Ehrlichiaceae Holosporaceae The Rickettsiales are an order of small proteobacteria. ... Rifampicin (INN) or rifampin (USAN) is an antibiotic drug of the rifamycin group. ... Rifampicin (INN) or rifampin (USAN) is an antibiotic drug of the rifamycin group. ... The rifamycins are a group of antibiotics which are synthesized either naturally by the bacterium Amycolatopsis mediterranei, or artificially. ... Rinderpest (RP) is a inflectious viral disease of cattle, domestic buffalo, and some species of wildlife, it is commonly reffered to as cattle plague. ... Ringworm, also known as Tinea, is a contagious fungal infection of the skin. ... Categories: Stub | Riots ... Risperidone (Belivon®, Rispen®, Risperdal®) is an atypical antipsychotic medication. ... Methylphenidate (C14H19NO2), or MPH, is an amphetamine-like prescription stimulant commonly used to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children and adults. ... Rituximab, sold under the trade names Rituxan and Mabthera, is a monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of B cell Non-Hodgkins lymphoma, a kind of cancer. ... Onchocerciasis or river blindness is the worlds second leading infectious cause of blindness. ... Clonazepam (marketed by Roche under the trade-name Klonopin® in the United States and Rivotril® in Canada and Europe) is a anticonvulsant sedative-hypnotic anxiolytic (anti-anxiety drug), and a member of the benzodiazepine class of drugs. ... Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a nucleic acid consisting of a string of covalently-bound nucleotides. ... In molecular biology, RNA interference (RNAi) is a mechanism in which the presence of small fragments of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) whose sequence matches a given gene interferes with the expression of that gene. ... The enzyme RNA polymerase or RNAP is a nucleotidyltransferase that polymerises ribonucleotides in accordance with the information present in DNA. RNA polymerase enzymes are essential and are found in all nucleated cells of all organisms. ... RNA splicing is the excision of introns from RNA during the formation of mRNA and the removal of introns from mRNA precursors and the reattachment or annealing of exons. ... In genetics, transcription is the first of the two-step protein biosynthesis process. ... An RNA virus is a virus that either uses RNA as its genetic material, or whose genetic material passes through an RNA intermediate during replication. ... In molecular biology, RNA interference (RNAi) is a mechanism in which the presence of small fragments of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) whose sequence matches a given gene interferes with the expression of that gene. ... The enzyme RNase H (EC 3. ... In practical usage, a robot is a mechanical device which performs automated tasks, either according to direct human supervision, a pre-defined program or, a set of general guidelines, using artificial intelligence techniques. ... Bartonella is a genus of bacterium. ... Binomial name Rickettsia rickettsii Rocky Mountain spotted fever is the most severe and most frequently reported rickettsial illness in the United States, and has been diagnosed throughout the Americas. ... Normalised absoption spectra of human rod (R) and cone (S,M,L) cells. ... Families Many, see text The order Rodentia is the most numerous of all the branches on the mammal family tree. ... Rohypnol (the trade name of flunitrazepam) is a sedative that was made in the early 1970s by Roche and was used in hospitals only for deep sedation. ... A function is part of an answer to a question about why some object or process occurred in a system that evolved or was designed with some goal. ... Moral example is trust in the moral core of another, a role model, without the obvious mediation of any theory or language. ... For other meanings of root, see Root (disambiguation). ... The Rorschach (pronounced roar-shock) inkblot test is a method of psychological evaluation. ... In medicine and pharmacology, rosiglitazone is a member of the thiazolidinedione class of drugs. ... Ross River virus (RRV) is an arbovirus of the genus Alphavirus. ... Species Rotavirus A (RV-A) Rotavirus B (RV-B) Rotavirus C (RV-C) Rotavirus D (RV-D) Rotavirus E (RV-E) Rotavirus F (RV-E) Rotavirus G (RV-E) Rotaviruses are a genus of viruses belonging to the Reoviridae family. ... Rotenone (CAS number 83-79-4) is a colorless-to-red, odorless solid. ... Classes Seisonoidea Bdelloidea Monogononta The rotifers make up a phylum of microscopic, pseudocoelomate animals. ... Dietary fibers are long-chain carbohydrates (polysaccharides) that are indigestible by the human digestive tract. ... Classes Adenophorea    Subclass Enoplia    Subclass Chromadoria Secernentea    Subclass Rhabditia    Subclass Spiruria    Subclass Diplogasteria The roundworms (Phylum Nematoda) are one of the most common phyla of animals, with over 20,000 different described species. ... RP or rp may stand for: Received Pronunciation Republic of Poland Republic of the Philippines RP in complexity theory rupee Recommended practice Re-Purchase Agreement Role-playing Retinitis pigmentosa This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is any RNA molecule that functions without being translated into a protein. ... RSV is a three letter acronym that may stand for: Research safety vehicle Research and supply vessel (Australia) Research support vessel (US Navy) Respiratory Syncytial Virus, a respiratory disease that can occur in infants Resupply vehicle (US Army) Revised Standard Version, a version of the Bible translated into English. ... RTV can mean: room temperature vulcanization, such as with silicone rubber, using a chemical instead of heat radio-television, such as with national broadcasting companies like RTV Belgium REDtv. ... Mifepristone is a synthetic steroid. ... Mifepristone is a synthetic steroid. ... This article is about the material rubber, for other uses see Rubber (disambiguation) Rubber is an elastic hydrocarbon polymer which occurs as a milky emulsion (known as latex) in the sap of a number of plants but can also be produced synthetically. ... Rubella (also known as epidemic roseola, German measles or three-day measles) is a disease caused by the Rubella virus. ... Rubella (also known as epidemic roseola, German measles or three-day measles) is a disease caused by the Rubella virus. ... Measles, also known as rubeola, is a common disease caused by a virus of the genus Morbillivirus. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Rubidium, Rb, 37 Series Alkali metals Group, Period, Block 1(IA), 5, s Density, Hardness 1532 kg/m3, 0. ... In Polynesian mythology (Tahiti), Rua is the god of artisans. ... A runaway child is a minor who has left the home of his or her parent or legal guardian without permission. ... Man Running - Edward Muybridge Horse Running - Edward Muybridge Running is by definition the fastest means for an animal to move on foot. ... General Name, Symbol, Number ruthenium, Ru, 44 Chemical series Transition metals Group, Period, Block 8, 5, d Density, Hardness 12370 kg/m3, 6. ... Ryegrass (Lolium) is a small genus of tufted grasses, belonging to the Grass family Poaceae. ...