See also: Category:Cryptographers for an exhaustive list.

Pre twentieth century

• Charles Babbage, UK, 19th century mathematician who, about the time of the Crimean War, secretly developed an effective attack against polyalphabetic substitution ciphers.
• Leone Battista Alberti, polymath/universal genius, inventor of polyalphabetic substitution (more specifically, the Alberti cipher), and what may have been the first mechanical encryption aid.
• Giovanni Battista della Porta, author of a seminal work on cryptanalysis.
• Julius Caesar, Roman general/politician, has the Caesar cipher is named after him, and a lost work on cryptography by Probus (probably Valerius Probus) is claimed to have covered his use of military cryptography in some detail. It is likely that he did not invent the cipher named after him, as other substitution ciphers were in use well before his time.
• Friedrich Kasiski, author of the first published attack on the Vigenère cipher, now known as the Kasiski test.
• Auguste Kerckhoffs, known for contributing cipher design principles.
• Johannes Trithemius, mystic and first to describe tableaux (tables) for use in polyalphabetic substitution. Wrote an early work on steganography and cryptography generally.
• Philips van Marnix, lord of Sint-Aldegonde, deciphered Spanish messages for William the Silent during the Dutch revolt against the Spanish.
• Sir Charles Wheatstone, inventor or the so-called Playfair cipher and general polymath.

Charles Babbage (26 December 1791 – 18 October 1871) was an English mathematician, philosopher, mechanical engineer and (proto-) computer scientist who originated the idea of a programmable computer. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Combatants United Kingdom France Ottoman Empire Kingdom of Sardinia Russian Empire Casualties 17,500 British 90,000 French 35,000 Turkish 2,050 Sardinian killed, wounded and died of disease 256,000 killed, wounded and died of disease The Crimean War lasted from 1854 until 1 April 1856 and was... A polyalphabetic cipher is any cipher based on substitution, using multiple substitution alphabets. ... Statue of Leon Battista Alberti. ... Leonardo da Vinci is seen as an epitome of the Renaissance man or polymath. ... A genius is a person with great intelligence. ... A polyalphabetic cipher is any cipher based on substitution, using multiple substitution alphabets. ... The Alberti Cipher was the first ever Polyalphabetic Cipher. ... Giambattista della Porta. ... Cryptanalysis (from the Greek kryptós, hidden, and analýein, to loosen or to untie) is the study of methods for obtaining the meaning of encrypted information, without access to the secret information which is normally required to do so. ... Gāius Jūlius Caesar (IPA: ;[1]), July 12 or July 13, 100 BC – March 15, 44 BC) was a Roman military and political leader and one of the most influential men in world history. ... A General is an officer of high military rank. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The action of a Caesar cipher is to replace each plaintext letter with one a fixed number of places down the alphabet. ... A lost work is a literary work produced some time in the past of which no surviving copies are known to exist. ... In cryptography, a substitution cipher is a method of encryption by which units of plaintext are substituted with ciphertext according to a regular system; the units may be single letters (the most common), pairs of letters, triplets of letters, mixtures of the above, and so forth. ... Major Friedrich Wilhelm Kasiski (29 November 1805–22 May 1881) was a Prussian infantry officer, cryptographer and archeologist. ... The Vigenère cipher is named for Blaise de Vigenère (pictured), although Giovan Batista Belaso had invented the cipher earlier. ... In cryptanalysis, the Kasiski examination or Kasiski test is a method of attacking polyalphabetic substitution ciphers, such as Vigenere ciphers. ... Auguste Kerckhoffs Dr Auguste Kerckhoffs (19 January 1835 - 1903) was a Flemish linguist and cryptographer who was professor of languages at the School of Higher Commercial Studies in Paris in the late 19th century. ... Polygraphia (1518) — the first printed book on cryptography. ... A polyalphabetic cipher is any cipher based on substitution, using multiple substitution alphabets. ... Steganography is the art and science of writing hidden messages in such a way that no one apart from the intended recipient knows of the existence of the message; this is in contrast to cryptography, where the existence of the message itself is not disguised, but the content is obscured. ... Portret by Jacques de Gheyn II Philips van Marnix, lord of St Aldegonde (1538 - December 15, 1598), was a Dutch writer and statesman, and the probable author of the text of the Dutch national anthem, the Wilhelmus. ... William I (William the Silent) William I, Prince of Orange, Count of Nassau (April 24, 1533 – July 10, 1584) was the main leader of the Dutch revolt against the Spanish that set off the Eighty Years War and resulted in the formal independence of the United Provinces in 1648. ... Charles Wheatstone Sir Charles Wheatstone (February 6, 1802 - October 19, 1875) was the British inventor of many innovations including the English concertina the Stereoscope an early form of microphone the Playfair cipher (named for Lord Playfair, the person who publicized it) He was a major figure in the development of... The Playfair system was invented by Charles Wheatstone, who first described it in 1854. ...

WWI and WWII Wartime Cryptographers

• Nigel de Grey, UK, Room 40, played an important role in the decryption of the Zimmermann Telegram during WWI
• Georges Painvin, broke the ADFGVX cipher during the First World War
• Marian Rejewski, Poland, Biuro Szyfrów, a Polish mathematician and cryptologist who, in 1932, solved the Enigma machine with plugboard, the main cipher device then in use by Germany.
• Alistair Denniston, UK, director of GC&CS at Bletchley Park during WWII.
• William F. Friedman, US, SIS, introduced statistical methods into cryptography.
• Solomon Kullback, US, SIS.
• Dillwyn Knox, UK, Room 40 and GC&CS, broke commercial Enigma cipher in various situations.
• Leo Marks, UK, SOE cryptography director, author and playwright.
• John Joseph Rochefort, US, made major contributions to the break into JN-25 after the attack on Pearl Harbor.
• Frank Rowlett, US, SIS, leader of the team that broke Purple.
• Jerzy Różycki, Poland, Biuro Szyfrów, helped break German Enigma ciphers.
• Laurance Safford, US, chief cryptographer for the US Navy for 2 decades+, including WWII.
• Abraham Sinkov, US, SIS.
• John Tiltman, Brigadier, UK, GC&CS, Bletchley Park, GCHQ, NSA. Extraordinary length and range of cryptographic service.
• Alan Mathison Turing, UK, Bletchley Park, chief cryptographer Bletchley Park, pioneering logician, and renowned computer scientist, and pioneer.
• William Tutte, UK, Bletchley Park, broke Lorenz SZ 40/42 encryption machine (codenamed Tunny) using theory carried out using the Colossus computer.
• Gordon Welchman, UK, head of Bletchley Park's Hut Six (German Army and Air Force cipher decryption).
• Herbert Yardley, US, MI8, author "The American Black Chamber", worked in China as a cryptographer and briefly in Canada.
• Henryk Zygalski, Poland, Biuro Szyfrów, helped break German Enigma ciphers.
• Lambros D. Callimahos, US, NSA, worked with William F. Friedman, taught NSA cryptanalysts.

Nigel de Grey was a British cryptographer. ... In the history of cryptography, Room 40 (formally I.D. 25) was the room in the Admiralty which was the first location of the British cryptography effort during World War I. It was formed shortly after the start of the war in October 1914, as a result of codebooks and... The Zimmermann Telegram (The Zimmermann Note) was a coded telegram dispatched by the Foreign Secretary of the German Empire, Arthur Zimmermann, on January 19, 1917, to the German ambassador in Mexico, Heinrich von Eckardt, at the height of World War I. It instructed the ambassador to approach the Mexican government... Georges Painvin in 1914 Georges Jean Painvin (1886-1980) was a French cryptanalyst during the First World War. ... In cryptography, the ADFGVX cipher was a field cipher used by the German Army during World War I. ADFGVX was in fact an extension of an earlier cipher called ADFGX. Invented by Colonel Fritz Nebel and introduced in March 1918, the cipher was a fractionating transposition cipher which combined a... Ypres, 1917, in the vicinity of the Battle of Passchendaele. ... Marian Rejewski (probably 1932, the year he first solved the Enigma machine). ... The Biuro Szyfrów ( (?), Polish for Cipher Bureau) was the Polish agency concerned with cryptology between World Wars I and II. The Bureau enjoyed notable successes against Soviet cryptography during the Polish-Soviet War, helping to preserve Polands independence. ... The plugboard, keyboard, lamps and finger-wheels of the rotors emerging from the inner lid of a three-rotor German military Enigma machine (version with labels) For other uses, see Enigma. ... Alastair Graham Denniston was a British Cryptographer. ... The Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) (previously named the Government Code and Cipher School (GC&CS)) is the main British intelligence service providing signals intelligence (SIGINT). ... During World War II, codebreakers at Bletchley Park solved messages from a large number of Axis code and cipher systems, including the German Enigma machine. ... William Friedman. ... The Signals Intelligence Service (SIS) was the United States Army codebreaking division, headquartered at Arlington Hall. ... The German Lorenz cipher machine, used in World War II for encryption of very high-level general staff messages Cryptography (or cryptology; derived from Greek κρυπτός kryptós hidden, and γράφειν gráfein to write) is the study of message secrecy. ... Solomon Kullback Dr Solomon Kullback (1903–1994) was a US cryptanalyst and mathematician. ... The Signals Intelligence Service (SIS) was the United States Army codebreaking division, headquartered at Arlington Hall. ... Alfred Dillwyn Dilly Knox (23 July 1884 – 27 February 1943) was a British codebreaker and classical scholar at Kings College, Cambridge. ... In the history of cryptography, Room 40 (formally I.D. 25) was the room in the Admiralty which was the first location of the British cryptography effort during World War I. It was formed shortly after the start of the war in October 1914, as a result of codebooks and... The Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) (previously named the Government Code and Cipher School (GC&CS)) is the main British intelligence service providing signals intelligence (SIGINT). ... In the history of cryptography, the Enigma was a portable cipher machine used to encrypt and decrypt secret messages. ... Leo Marks at the opening of the Violette Szabo Museum, Wormelow Leopold Samuel Marks (September 24, 1920 - January 15, 2001) was an English cryptographer and scriptwriter. ... The Special Operations Executive (SOE), sometimes referred to as the Baker Street Irregulars after Sherlock Holmess fictional group of spies, was a World War II organization initiated by Winston Churchill and Hugh Dalton in July 1940 as a mechanism for conducting warfare by means other than direct military engagement. ... Captain Joseph John Rochefort (1898–1976) was an American Naval officer and cryptanalyst. ... JN-25 is the name used by Western cryptography organizations for the main secure command and control communications scheme used by the Imperial Japanese Navy (JIN) during and before WWII (it was the 25th Japanese Navy system identified). ... Combatants United States Empire of Japan Commanders Husband Kimmel (USN), Walter Short (USA) Chuichi Nagumo (IJN), Mitsuo Fuchida (IJNAS) (1st aerial wave), Shigekazu Shimazaki (IJNAS) (2nd aerial wave) Strength 8 battleships, 8 cruisers, 29 destroyers, 9 submarines, ~50 other ships, ~390 planes 6 aircraft carriers, 2 battleships, 3 cruisers, 9... Frank Rowlett. ... The Signals Intelligence Service (SIS) was the United States Army codebreaking division, headquartered at Arlington Hall. ... The term purple in its widest sense refers to a wide variety of shades of color occurring between blue and red. ... Jerzy Różycki, about 1928. ... The Biuro Szyfrów ( (?), Polish for Cipher Bureau) was the Polish agency concerned with cryptology between World Wars I and II. The Bureau enjoyed notable successes against Soviet cryptography during the Polish-Soviet War, helping to preserve Polands independence. ... In the history of cryptography, the Enigma was a portable cipher machine used to encrypt and decrypt secret messages. ... Laurance Safford Captain Laurance F. Safford (1890 – 1973) was a U.S. Navy cryptologist. ... Dr. Abraham Sinkov (1907-1998) was a US cryptanalyst. ... The Signals Intelligence Service (SIS) was the United States Army codebreaking division, headquartered at Arlington Hall. ... Brigadier John Tiltman (1894–1982) was a British Army officer who worked in intelligence, often at or with the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) starting in the 1920s. ... The Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) (previously named the Government Code and Cipher School (GC&CS)) is the main British intelligence service providing signals intelligence (SIGINT). ... During World War II, codebreakers at Bletchley Park solved messages from a large number of Axis code and cipher systems, including the German Enigma machine. ... The Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) (previously named the Government Code and Cipher School (GC&CS)) is the main British intelligence service providing signals intelligence (SIGINT). ... NSA can stand for: National Security Agency of the USA The British Librarys National Sound Archive This page concerning a three-letter acronym or abbreviation is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Alan Turing is often considered the father of modern computer science. ... During World War II, codebreakers at Bletchley Park solved messages from a large number of Axis code and cipher systems, including the German Enigma machine. ... During World War II, codebreakers at Bletchley Park solved messages from a large number of Axis code and cipher systems, including the German Enigma machine. ... Computer science, or computing science, is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and their implementation and application in computer systems. ... William Thomas Tutte (May 14, 1917 – May 2, 2002) was a British, later Canadian, codebreaker and mathematician. ... During World War II, codebreakers at Bletchley Park solved messages from a large number of Axis code and cipher systems, including the German Enigma machine. ... A Colossus Mark II computer. ... William Gordon Welchman (15 June 1906–8 October 1985) was a British mathematician and World War II codebreaker at Bletchley Park. ... During World War II, codebreakers at Bletchley Park solved messages from a large number of Axis code and cipher systems, including the German Enigma machine. ... This article is about algorithms for encryption and decryption. ... This article is about algorithms for encryption and decryption. ... Herbert O. Yardley Herbert Osborne Yardley (13 April 1889-7 August 1958) was an American cryptologist most known for his book The American Black Chamber (1931). ... The name MI8 was temporarily applied to a cryptography effort mounted within the US Army during World War I. Herbert Yardley was assigned to this unit during the War, and after it continued his cryptographic work during the 1920s at what Yardley called the American Black Chamber in his book... Henryk Zygalski, about 1930. ... The Biuro Szyfrów ( (?), Polish for Cipher Bureau) was the Polish agency concerned with cryptology between World Wars I and II. The Bureau enjoyed notable successes against Soviet cryptography during the Polish-Soviet War, helping to preserve Polands independence. ... The plugboard, keyboard, lamps and finger-wheels of the rotors emerging from the inner lid of a three-rotor German military Enigma machine (version with labels) For other uses, see Enigma. ... Lambros Demetrios Callimahos (December 16, 1910 – October 28, 1977) was a US Army cryptologist. ... NSA can stand for: National Security Agency of the USA The British Librarys National Sound Archive This page concerning a three-letter acronym or abbreviation is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

Other pre-computer

• Elizebeth Friedman, US, Coast Guard and US Treasury Department cryptographer.
• Claude Elwood Shannon, US, founder of information theory, proved the one-time pad to be unbreakable.

The following article is taken from the Hall of Honor from the National Cryptologic Museum [1]: Elizebeth Friedman Elizebeth Smith Friedman (1892–31 October 1980) was cryptanalyst and author, and a pioneer in U.S. cryptography. ... The United States Coast Guard (USCG) is a branch of the United States armed forces involved in maritime law enforcement, mariner assistance, search and rescue, and national defense, among other duties of coast guards elsewhere. ... The United States Department of the Treasury is a Cabinet department and the treasury of the United States government. ... Claude Shannon Claude Elwood Shannon (April 30, 1916 – February 24, 2001), an American electrical engineer and mathematician, has been called the father of information theory, and was the founder of practical digital circuit design theory. ... A bundle of optical fiber. ... Excerpt from a one-time pad. ...

Modern

See also: Category:Modern cryptographers for an exhaustive list.

Symmetric-key algorithm inventors

• Ross Anderson, UK, University of Cambridge, co-inventor of the Serpent cipher.
• Paulo S. L. M. Barreto, Brazilian, University of São Paulo, co-inventor of the Whirlpool hash function.
• George Blakley, US, independent inventor of secret sharing.
• Don Coppersmith, co-inventor of DES and MARS ciphers.
• Joan Daemen, Belgian, co-developer of Rijndael which became the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES).
• Horst Feistel, US, IBM, namesake of Feistel networks.
• Lars Knudsen, Denmark, co-inventor of the Serpent cipher.
• Ralph Merkle, US, inventor of Merkle trees.
• Bart Preneel, Belgian, co-inventor of RIPEMD-160.
• Vincent Rijmen, Belgian, co-developer of Rijndael which became the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES).
• Ronald L. Rivest, US, MIT, inventor of RC cipher series and MD algorithm series.
• Bruce Schneier, US, inventor of Blowfish and co-inventor of Twofish.
• Adi Shamir, Israel, Weizmann Institute, inventor of secret sharing.

Ross J. Anderson is a researcher, writer, and industry consultant in security engineering. ... The University of Cambridge, located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world. ... Serpent is a symmetric key block cipher which was a finalist in the Advanced Encryption Standard contest, where it came second to Rijndael. ... Paulo S. L. M. Barreto (born 1965) is a Brazilian cryptographer and one of the designers of the Whirlpool hash function, together with Vincent Rijmen. ... The University of São Paulo (in portuguese Universidade de São Paulo, USP) is one of the three public universities funded by the State of São Paulo. ... WHIRLPOOL is a cryptographic one-way hash function designed by Vincent Rijmen and Paulo S. L. M. Barreto. ... George Blakley invented a secret sharing scheme in 1979. ... Each secret share is a plane, and the secret is the point at which three shares intersect. ... Don Coppersmith is a cryptographer and mathematician. ... The Data Encryption Standard (DES) is a cipher (a method for encrypting information) selected as an official Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) for the United States in 1976, and which has subsequently enjoyed widespread use internationally. ... Note: This article contains special characters. ... Joan Daemen (born 1965) is a Belgian cryptographer and one of the designers of Rijndael, the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), together with Vincent Rijmen. ... This article is about the block cipher. ... In cryptography, the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), also known as Rijndael, is a block cipher adopted as an encryption standard by the U.S. government. ... Horst Feistel (30 January 1915(1)–14 November 1990) was a cryptographer who worked on the design of ciphers at IBM, initiating research that would culminate in the development of the Data Encryption Standard (DES) in the 1970s. ... Big Blue redirects here. ... In cryptography, a Feistel cipher is a block cipher with a particular structure, named after IBM cryptographer Horst Feistel; it is also commonly known as a Feistel network. ... Lars R. Knudsen Lars Ramkilde Knudsen (born February 21, 1962) is a Danish researcher in cryptography, particularly interested in the design and analysis of block ciphers, hash functions and message authentication codes (MACs). ... Serpent is a symmetric key block cipher which was a finalist in the Advanced Encryption Standard contest, where it came second to Rijndael. ... Ralph C. Merkle (born 2 February 1952) is a pioneer in public key cryptography, and more recently a researcher and speaker on molecular nanotechnology and cryonics. ... In computer science, hash trees, also known as Merkle (hash) trees or Tiger tree hashes, are an extension of the simpler concept hash list, which in turn is an extension of the old concept of hashing, for instance, a file. ... Bart Preneel is a Belgian cryptographer and cryptanalyst. ... RIPEMD-160 (RACE Integrity Primitives Evaluation Message Digest) is a 160-bit message digest algorithm (and cryptographic hash function) developed in Europe by Hans Dobbertin, Antoon Bosselaers and Bart Preneel, and first published in 1996. ... Together with Joan Daemen, Vincent Rijmen designed the Rijndael block cipher, which was selected as the Advanced Encryption Standard in 2000. ... This article is about the block cipher. ... In cryptography, the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), also known as Rijndael, is a block cipher adopted as an encryption standard by the U.S. government. ... Professor Ron Rivest Professor Ronald Linn Rivest (born 1947, Schenectady, New York) is a cryptographer, and is the Andrew and Erna Viterbi Professor of Computer Science at MITs Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. ... Mapúa Institute of Technology (MIT, MapúaTech or simply Mapúa) is a private, non-sectarian, Filipino tertiary institute located in Intramuros, Manila. ... General Designer(s) Ron Rivest First published 1994 Derived from - Cipher(s) based on this design RC6, Akelarre Algorithm detail Block size(s) 32, 64 or 128 bits (64 suggested) Key size(s) 0 to 2040 bits (128 suggested) Structure Feistel network Number of rounds 12 suggested originally Best cryptanalysis... In cryptography, MD5 (Message-Digest algorithm 5) is a widely used cryptographic hash function with a 128-bit hash value. ... Bruce Schneier Bruce Schneier (born January 15, 1963) is an American cryptographer, computer security specialist, and writer. ... The word Blowfish can mean: A kind of fish, also called a pufferfish. ... In cryptography, Twofish is a symmetric key block cipher with a block size of 128 bits and key sizes up to 256 bits. ... Adi Shamir at the CRYPTO 2003 conference. ... The Weizmann Institute of Science (מכון ויצמן למדע) is an institute of higher learning and research in Rehovot, Israel. ... Each secret share is a plane, and the secret is the point at which three shares intersect. ...

Asymmetric-key algorithm inventors

• Leonard Adleman, US, USC, the 'A' in RSA.
• David Chaum, US, inventor of blind signatures.
• Whitfield Diffie, US, (public) co-inventor of the Diffie-Hellman key-exchange protocol.
• Taher Elgamal, US (born Egyptian), inventor of the Elgamal discrete log cryptosystem.
• Shafi Goldwasser, US and Israel, MIT and Weizmann Institute, co-discoverer of zero-knowledge proofs.
• Martin Hellman, US, (public) co-inventor of the Diffie-Hellman key-exchange protocol.
• Neal Koblitz, independent co-creator of elliptic curve cryptography.
• Alfred Menezes, co-inventor of MQV, an elliptic curve technique.
• Silvio Micali, US (born Italian), MIT, co-discoverer of zero-knowledge proofs.
• Victor Miller, independent co-creator of elliptic curve cryptography.
• Michael O. Rabin, inventor of Rabin encryption
• Ronald L. Rivest, US, MIT, the 'R' in RSA.
• Adi Shamir, Israel, Weizmann Institute, the 'S' in RSA.

Leonard Adleman Leonard Adleman (born December 31, 1945) is a theoretical computer scientist and professor of computer science and molecular biology at the University of Southern California. ... The University of Southern California (commonly referred to as USC, SC, Southern California, and incorrectly as Southern Cal[1]), located in the University Park neighborhood in Los Angeles, California, USA, was founded in 1880, making it Californias oldest private research university. ... In cryptology, RSA is an algorithm for public-key encryption. ... David Chaum is the inventor of many cryptographic protocols and has contributed to the advancement of electronic cash. ... In cryptography, a blind signature, as introduced by David Chaum [1], is a form of digital signature in which the content of a message is disguised (blinded) before it is signed. ... Whitfield Diffie Bailey Whitfield Whit Diffie (born June 5, 1944) is a US cryptographer and one of the pioneers of public-key cryptography. ... Diffie-Hellman key exchange is a cryptographic protocol which allows two parties to agree on a secret key over an insecure communication channel. ... Dr. Taher Elgamal (Arabic: طاهر الجمل) (born 18 August 1955) is an Egyptian-American cryptographer. ... The ElGamal algorithm is an asymmetric key encryption algorithm for public key cryptography which is based on Diffie-Hellman key agreement. ... Dr. Shafrira Goldwasser (born 1956) is the RSA Professor of electrical engineering and computer science at MIT, and a professor of mathematical sciences at the Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel. ... Mapúa Institute of Technology (MIT, MapúaTech or simply Mapúa) is a private, non-sectarian, Filipino tertiary institute located in Intramuros, Manila. ... The Weizmann Institute of Science (מכון ויצמן למדע) is an institute of higher learning and research in Rehovot, Israel. ... In cryptography, a zero-knowledge proof or zero-knowledge protocol is an interactive method for one party to prove to another that a (usually mathematical) statement is true, without revealing anything other than the veracity of the statement. ... Martin Hellman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Diffie-Hellman key exchange is a cryptographic protocol which allows two parties to agree on a secret key over an insecure communication channel. ... Neal Koblitz is a Professor of Mathematics in the University of Washington in the Department of Mathematics. ... Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) is an approach to public-key cryptography based on the algebraic structure of elliptic curves over finite fields. ... Alfred Menezes is co-author of several books on cryptography, most notably the Handbook of Applied Cryptography. ... MQV (Menezes-Qu-Vanstone) is an authenticated protocol for key agreement based on the Diffie-Hellman scheme. ... Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) is an approach to public-key cryptography based on the algebraic structure of elliptic curves over finite fields. ... Silvio Micali (b. ... Mapúa Institute of Technology (MIT, MapúaTech or simply Mapúa) is a private, non-sectarian, Filipino tertiary institute located in Intramuros, Manila. ... In cryptography, a zero-knowledge proof or zero-knowledge protocol is an interactive method for one party to prove to another that a (usually mathematical) statement is true, without revealing anything other than the veracity of the statement. ... Victor S. Miller (b. ... Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) is an approach to public-key cryptography based on the algebraic structure of elliptic curves over finite fields. ... Michael Oser Rabin (born 1931 in Breslau, Germany, today in Poland) is a noted computer scientist and a recipient of the Turing Award, the most prestigious award in the field. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Rabin-Williams encryption. ... Professor Ron Rivest Professor Ronald Linn Rivest (born 1947, Schenectady, New York) is a cryptographer, and is the Andrew and Erna Viterbi Professor of Computer Science at MITs Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. ... Mapúa Institute of Technology (MIT, MapúaTech or simply Mapúa) is a private, non-sectarian, Filipino tertiary institute located in Intramuros, Manila. ... In cryptology, RSA is an algorithm for public-key encryption. ... Adi Shamir at the CRYPTO 2003 conference. ... The Weizmann Institute of Science (מכון ויצמן למדע) is an institute of higher learning and research in Rehovot, Israel. ... In cryptology, RSA is an algorithm for public-key encryption. ...

Cryptanalysts

• Ross Anderson, UK
• Eli Biham, Israel, co-discoverer of Differential Cryptanalysis.
• Matt Blaze, US
• Dan Boneh, US, Stanford University
• Neils Ferguson, Holland, co-inventor of Twofish and Fortuna
• Ian Goldberg, US
• Paul Kocher, US, discovered differential power analysis
• Mitsuru Matsui, Japan, discoverer of linear cryptanalysis
• David Wagner, US, UC Berkeley, co-discoverer of the Slide and Boomerang attacks.
• Xiaoyun Wang, the People's Republic of China, known for MD5 and SHA-1 hash function attacks.

Ross J. Anderson is a researcher, writer, and industry consultant in security engineering. ... Eli Biham is an Israeli cryptographer and cryptanalyst, currently a professor at the Technion Israeli Institute of Technology Computer Science department. ... Matt Blaze is a researcher in the areas of secure systems, cryptography, and trust management. ... Dan Boneh, 2003 Dan Boneh is a researcher in the areas of applied cryptography and computer network security. ... Stanford redirects here. ... Ian Avrum Goldberg (born March 31, 1973) is a Canadian cryptographer, entrepreneur, and cypherpunk. ... Paul C. Kocher is an American cryptographer and cryptography consultant, currently the president of Cryptography Research, Inc. ... Differential power analysis (DPA) is a method of attacking a cryptosystem which exploits the varying power consumption of microprocessors while executing cryptographic program code. ... Mitsuru Matsui is a Japanese cryptographer and senior researcher for Mitsubishi Electric Company. ... In cryptography, linear cryptanalysis is a general form of cryptanalysis based on finding affine approximations to the action of a cipher. ... David Wagner David A. Wagner (1974) is an Assistant Professor of Computer Science at the University of California, Berkeley and a well-known researcher in cryptography. ... The University of California, Berkeley (also known as Cal, UC Berkeley, UCB, or simply Berkeley) is a prestigious, public, coeducational university situated in the foothills of Berkeley, California to the east of San Francisco Bay, overlooking the Golden Gate and its bridge. ... Xiaoyun Wang (born 1966) is a researcher and professor in the Department of Mathematics and System Science, Shandong University, Shandong, China. ... In cryptography, MD5 (Message-Digest algorithm 5) is a widely used cryptographic hash function with a 128-bit hash value. ... The SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm) family is a set of related cryptographic hash functions designed by the National Security Agency (NSA) and published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). ... In cryptography, a cryptographic hash function is a hash function with certain additional security properties to make it suitable for use as a primitive in various information security applications, such as authentication and message integrity. ...

Algorithmic number theorists

• Daniel J. Bernstein, US, known for battle with US government in Bernstein v. United States.
• Don Coppersmith, US

Daniel Julius Bernstein (sometimes known simply as djb; born October 29, 1971) is a professor at the University of Illinois at Chicago, a mathematician, a cryptologist, and a programmer. ... Bernstein v. ... Don Coppersmith is a cryptographer and mathematician. ...

Theoreticians

• Mihir Bellare, US, UCSD, co-proposer of the Random oracle model
• Gilles Brassard, Canada, Université de Montréal. Co-inventor of quantum cryptography.
• Claude Crépeau, Canada, McGill University.
• Oded Goldreich, Israel, Weizmann Institute, author of Foundations of Cryptography.
• Shafi Goldwasser, US and Israel
• Silvio Micali, US
• Charles Rackoff, co-discoverer of zero-knowledge proofs.
• Phillip Rogaway, US, UC Davis, co-proposer of the Random oracle model.
• Gustavus Simmons, US, Sandia, authentication theory

Mihir Bellare is a cryptographer at the University of California, San Diego. ... The University of California, San Diego (popularly known as UCSD) is a public, coeducational university located in La Jolla, California. ... A random oracle is a mathematical abstraction used in cryptographic proofs. ... Gilles Brassard was born in Montréal, Canada, in 1955. ... The Université de Montréal (UdeM) (translated into English commonly as (the) University of Montreal) is one of six universities in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. ... Quantum cryptography is an approach based on quantum physics for secure communications. ... Dr. Claude Crépeau was born in Montréal, Québec, Canada, in 1962. ... McGill University is a publicly funded, non-denominational, co-educational research university located in the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. ... Professor Oded Goldreich Oded Goldreich is a professor of Computer Science at the Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science of Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel. ... The Weizmann Institute of Science (מכון ויצמן למדע) is an institute of higher learning and research in Rehovot, Israel. ... Dr. Shafrira Goldwasser (born 1956) is the RSA Professor of electrical engineering and computer science at MIT, and a professor of mathematical sciences at the Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel. ... Silvio Micali (b. ... Charles Rackoff is a noted modern cryptologist. ... In cryptography, a zero-knowledge proof or zero-knowledge protocol is an interactive method for one party to prove to another that a (usually mathematical) statement is true, without revealing anything other than the veracity of the statement. ... Phillip Rogaway is a professor of computer science at the University of California, Davis. ... The University of California, Davis, commonly abbreviated to UC Davis or UCD is one of the ten University of California campuses. ... A random oracle is a mathematical abstraction used in cryptographic proofs. ... Gustavus J. Simmons is a retired cryptographer and the former manager of the Applied Mathematics Department at Sandia National Laboratories. ... It has been suggested that Sandia Base be merged into this article or section. ... Authentication (Greek: αυθεντικός = real or genuine, from authentes = author ) is the act of establishing or confirming something (or someone) as authentic, that is, that claims made by or about the thing are true. ...

Government cryptographers

• Clifford Cocks, UK, GCHQ, secret inventor of the algorithm later known as RSA.
• James H. Ellis, UK, GCHQ, secretly proved the possibility of asymmetric encryption.
• Malcolm Williamson, UK, GCHQ, secret inventor of the protocol later known as Diffie-Hellman.

Clifford Christopher Cocks is a British mathematician and cryptographer at GCHQ who invented the widely-used encryption algorithm now commonly known as RSA, about three years before it was independently developed by Rivest, Shamir, and Adleman at MIT. He has not been generally recognised for this achievement because his work... The Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) (previously named the Government Code and Cipher School (GC&CS)) is the main British intelligence service providing signals intelligence (SIGINT). ... In cryptology, RSA is an algorithm for public-key encryption. ... James H. Ellis (1924–November 1997) was an engineer and mathematician. ... The Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) (previously named the Government Code and Cipher School (GC&CS)) is the main British intelligence service providing signals intelligence (SIGINT). ... Malcolm J. Williamson discovered what is now known as Diffie-Hellman key exchange while working at GCHQ. Williamson studied at Manchester Grammar School, winning a Gold prize at the 1968 International Mathematical Olympiad in Moscow. ... The Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) (previously named the Government Code and Cipher School (GC&CS)) is the main British intelligence service providing signals intelligence (SIGINT). ... Diffie-Hellman key exchange is a cryptographic protocol which allows two parties to agree on a secret key over an insecure communication channel. ...

Cryptographer businesspeople

• Bruce Schneier, US, CTO and founder of Counterpane Internet Security, Inc. and cryptography author.
• Scott Vanstone, Canada, founder of Certicom and elliptic curve cryptography proponent.

Bruce Schneier Bruce Schneier (born January 15, 1963) is an American cryptographer, computer security specialist, and writer. ... A counterpane is an old-fashioned term for a bed cover or bedspread. ... Scott Vanstone is a cryptographer who co-authored the Handbook of Applied Cryptography. ... Certicom is a security company specialising in elliptic curve cryptography (ECC). ... Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) is an approach to public-key cryptography based on the algebraic structure of elliptic curves over finite fields. ...

See also

• Cryptography

The German Lorenz cipher machine, used in World War II for encryption of very high-level general staff messages Cryptography (or cryptology; derived from Greek κρυπτός kryptós hidden, and γράφειν gráfein to write) is the study of message secrecy. ...

External links

• List of cryptographers' home pages