NationMaster - Encyclopedia: List of device bandwidths

This is a list of device bandwidths: the channel capacity (or, more informally, bandwidth) of some computer devices employing methods of data transport is quantified in units of kilobits per second (kbit/s), megabits per second (Mbit/s), or gigabits per second (Gbit/s) as appropriate. They are grouped by similar functionality, and then listed in order from lowest bandwidth to highest. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... In telecommunications and computing, bit rate (sometimes written bitrate) is the frequency at which bits are passing a given (physical or metaphorical) point. It is quantified using the bit per second (bit/s) unit. ... In telecommunications and computing, bit rate (sometimes written bitrate) is the frequency at which bits are passing a given (physical or metaphorical) point. It is quantified using the bit per second (bit/s) unit. ... A gigabit per second (Gbps or Gbit/s) is a unit of data transfer equal to 1,000 megabits per second or 1,000,000 kilobits per second or 1,000,000,000 bits per second. ...

In addition, a common scale is used in order to better convey the magnitude of change to a non-technical person (for example: a 1.2 kbit/s telephone modem versus a 10,000 kbit/s DSL modem). Whether to use bit/s or byte/s (B/s) is often a matter of convention. The most commonly cited unit (bit/s or byte/s) is bolded. In general, parallel interfaces are quoted in byte/s (B/s), serial in bit/s. On devices like modems, bytes may be more than 8 bits long because they may be individually padded out with additional start and stop bits; the figures below will reflect this. Where channels use line codes, such as Ethernet, Serial ATA and PCI Express, quoted speeds are for the decoded signal. For other uses, see Modem (disambiguation). ... DSL redirects here. ... In computing, a parallel port is an interface from a computer system where data is transferred in or out in parallel, that is, on more than one wire. ... In telecommunications and computer science, serial communications is the process of sending data one bit at one time, sequentially, over a communications channel or computer bus. ... An example of coding a binary signal using rectangular pulse amplitude modulation with polar non-return-to-zero code An example of Bipolar encoding, or AMI. Encoding of 11011000100 in Manchester encoding An example of Differential Manchester encoding An example of Biphase mark code An example of MLT-3 encoding. ... Ethernet is a large, diverse family of frame-based computer networking technologies that operate at many speeds for local area networks (LANs). ... For other uses of SATA or Sata, see SATA (disambiguation). ... PCI Express (formerly known as 3GIO for 3rd Generation I/O, not to be mistaken with PCI-X) is an implementation of the PCI computer bus that uses existing PCI programming concepts and communications standards, but bases it on a much faster serial communications system. ...

Many of these figures are theoretical maxima, and various real-world considerations will generally keep the actual effective throughput much lower. The actual throughput achievable on Ethernet networks, for example (especially when heavily loaded or when running over substandard media), is debatable. The figures are also simplex speeds, which may conflict with the duplex speeds vendors sometimes use in promotional materials. People are often concerned about measuring the maximum data throughput rate of a communications link or network access. ... Ethernet is a large, diverse family of frame-based computer networking technologies that operate at many speeds for local area networks (LANs). ... A simplex communication system is one where all signals flow in one direction. ...

Dynamic random access memory (DRAM) is a type of random access memory that stores each bit of data in a separate capacitor within an integrated circuit. ... Sun UltraSPARC II Microprocessor Sun UltraSPARC T1 (Niagara 8 Core) SPARC (Scalable Processor Architecture) is a RISC microprocessor instruction set architecture originally designed in 1985 by Sun Microsystems. ... SDR memory (front only shown) has 168 pins and two notches. ... In computing, the Runway bus is a Front side bus used by several generations of PA-RISC processors from the PA7200, through the PA8000, PA8200, PA8500, PA8600 and PA8700. ... Direct Rambus DRAM or DRDRAM (sometimes just called Rambus DRAM or RDRAM) is a type of synchronous dynamic RAM, designed by the Rambus Corporation. ... In computing, the Runway bus is a Front side bus used by several generations of PA-RISC processors from the PA7200, through the PA8000, PA8200, PA8500, PA8600 and PA8700. ... Dual-channel architecture DDR SDRAM describes a motherboard technology that effectively doubles data throughput in the frontside bus from RAM to the memory controller. ... 2007 Itanium logo Itanium is the brand name for 64-bit Intel microprocessors that implement the Intel Itanium architecture (formerly called IA-64). ... The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. ...

See also

In telecommunications and computing, bitrate (sometimes written bit rate, data rate or as a variable Rbit) is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time. ... A comparison of latency and throughput in telecommunications can address a common misunderstanding that having greater throughput means a faster connection. ... In a non-network environment, the floppy disk was once the primary means of transferring data between computers. ...

Notes

^ TTY uses a Baudot code, not ASCII. This uses 5 bits per character instead of 8, plus one start and 1.5 stop bits (7.5 total bits per character sent).
^ Data communication over the telephone network
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k 300 baud modems operating at 30 characters per second, were often described as "reading speed" since the characters scrolled across the screen at the same rate as most people can read. All modems are assumed to be in serial operation with 1 start bit, 8 data bits, no parity, and 1 stop bit (2 stop bits for 110-baud modems). Therefore, a total of 10 bits (11 bits for 110-baud modems) are needed to transmit each 8-bit byte. The "bytes" column reflects the net data transfer rate after the protocol overhead has been removed.
^ ^a ^b 56K modems: V.90 and V.92 capacity can only be achieved when the upstream (service provider) end of the connection is digital. In addition, certain telecommunications administrations limit the signal strength the modem can transmit onto the telecommunications circuit, which in turn limits the actual maximum data rate to less than the theoretical maximum. In the USA, this limited the possible downstream maximum to 53.3 kbit/s.
^ Note that effective aggregate bandwidth for an ISDN installation is typically higher than the rates shown for a single channel due to the use of multiple channels. A basic rate interface (BRI) provides 2 "B" channels and one "D" channel. Each B channel provides 64 kbit/s bandwidth and the 'D' channel carries signalling (call setup) information. B channels can be bonded to provide a 128 kbit/s data rate. Primary rate interfaces (PRI) vary depending on whether the region uses E1 (Europe, world) or T1 (North America) bearers. In E1 regions, the PRI carries 30 B-channels and 1 D-channel; in T1 regions the PRI carries 23 B-channels and 1 D-channel. The D-channel has different bandwidth on the two interfaces.
^ ADSL connections will vary in throughput from 64 kbit/s to several Mbit/s depending on configuration. Most are commonly below 3 Mbit/s. Some ADSL and SDSL connections have a higher bandwidth than T1 but their bandwidth is not guaranteed, and will drop when the system gets overloaded, whereas the T1 type connections are usually guaranteed and have no contention ratios.
^ ^a ^b DOCSIS 1.0 includes technology which first became available around 1995-1996, and has since become very widely deployed. DOCSIS 1.1 introduces some security improvements and Quality-of-Service (QoS).
^ ^a ^b DOCSIS 2.0 specifications provide increased upstream throughput for symmetric services.
^ ^a ^b DOCSIS 3.0 is currently in development by the CableLabs consortium and is slated to include support for channel bonding and IPv6.
^ Actual frame relay connections will vary in throughput from 8 kbit/s to 45 Mbit/s depending on configuration. Most are commonly below 2 Mbit/s.
^ SDSL is available in various different speeds.
^ ADSL connections will vary in throughput from 64 kbit/s to several Mbit/s depending on configuration. Most are commonly below 2 Mbit/s. Some ADSL and SDSL connections have a higher bandwidth than T1 but their speed is not guaranteed, and will drop when the system gets overloaded, whereas the T1 type connections are usually guaranteed and have no contention ratios.
^ Satellite internet may have a high bandwidth but also has a high latency due to the distance between the modem, satellite and hub. One-way satellite connections exist where all the downstream traffic is handled by satellite and the upstream traffic by land-based connections such as 56K modems and ISDN.
^ Ethernet throughput
^ FireWire natively supports TCP/IP, and is often used at an alternative to Ethernet when connecting 2 nodes. http://www.tweaktown.com/articles/309/3
^ Speed comparison between FW and Giganet shows that FW's lower overhead has nearly the same throughput as Giganet http://www.unibrain.com/Products/DriverAPI/FireNET.htm
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j InfiniBand uses an 8B/10B encoding scheme.
^ ^a ^b PC bus systems
^ The Zorro II bus use 4 clocks per 16-Bit of data transferred. See the Zorro III technical specification for more information.
^ Dave Haynie, designer of the Zorro III bus, claims in this posting that the theoretical max of the Zorro III bus can be derived by the timing information given in ‘’chapter 5’’ of the Zorro III technical specification.
^ Dave Haynie, designer of the Zorro III bus, claims in this posting that Zorro III is an asynchronous bus and with that does not have a classical MHz rating. A maximum theoretical MHz value may be derived by examining timing constraints detailed in the Zorro III technical specification, which should yield about 37.5 MHz. No existing implementation performs to this level.
^ Dave Haynie, designer of the Zorro III bus, claims in this posting that Zorro III has a max burst rate of 150 MB/s.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Note that PCI Express lanes use an 8B/10B encoding scheme.
^ ^a ^b ^c PCIe 2.0 effectively doubles the bus standard's bandwidth from 2.5 Gbit/s to 5 Gbit/s
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Fibre Channel 1GFC, 2GFC, 4GFC use an 8B/10B encoding scheme. Fibre Channel 10GFC, which uses a 64B/66B encoding scheme, is not compatible with 1GFC, 2GFC and 4GFC, and is used only to interconnect switches.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e SATA and SAS use an 8B/10B encoding scheme.
^ ^a ^b ^c FireWire (IEEE 1394b) uses an 8B/10B coding scheme.
^ "Getting Camera Link specs right", Steve Scheiber, Test & Measurement World, May 22, 2006. Retrieved 2007-09-28.
^ "Getting Camera Link specs right", Steve Scheiber, Test & Measurement World, May 22, 2006. Retrieved 2007-09-28.

The Baudot code, named after its inventor Ã‰mile Baudot, is a character set predating EBCDIC and ASCII, and the root predecessor to International Telegraph Alphabet No 2 (ITA2), the teleprinter code in use until the advent of ASCII. Each character in the alphabet is represented by a series of bits... Image:ASCII fullsvg There are 95 printable ASCII characters, numbered 32 to 126. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Modem. ... Basic rate interface (BRI, 2B+D, 2B1D) is an Integrated Services Digital Network configuration defined in the physical layer standard I.430 produced by the ITU. This configuration consists of two 64 kbit/s bearer channels (B channels) and one 16 kbit/s data channel (D channel). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. ... Channel bonding in computer networking is an arrangement in which two or more network interfaces on a host computer are combined for redundancy or increased throughput. ... Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is a network layer for packet-switched internetworks. ... In telecommunications, 8b/10b is a line code that maps 8-bit symbols to 10-bit symbols to achieve DC-balance (see DC coefficient) and bounded disparity, and yet provide enough state changes to allow reasonable clock recovery. ... Zorro II is the name of the general purpose expansion bus used by the Amiga 2000 computer. ... Dave Haynie Dave Haynie is the former Commodore International chief engineer on high end and advanced projects. ... Asynchrony is the state of not being synchronized. ... In telecommunications, 8b/10b is a line code that maps 8-bit symbols to 10-bit symbols to achieve DC-balance (see DC coefficient) and bounded disparity, and yet provide enough state changes to allow reasonable clock recovery. ... In telecommunications, 8b/10b is a line code that maps 8-bit symbols to 10-bit symbols to achieve DC-balance (see DC coefficient) and bounded disparity, and yet provide enough state changes to allow reasonable clock recovery. ... In data networking and transmission, 64B/66B is a line code that transforms 64-bit data to 66-bit line code to achieve DC-balance and bounded disparity, and yet provide enough state changes to allow reasonable clock recovery. ... In telecommunications, 8b/10b is a line code that maps 8-bit symbols to 10-bit symbols to achieve DC-balance (see DC coefficient) and bounded disparity, and yet provide enough state changes to allow reasonable clock recovery. ... In telecommunications, 8b/10b is a line code that maps 8-bit symbols to 10-bit symbols to achieve DC-balance (see DC coefficient) and bounded disparity, and yet provide enough state changes to allow reasonable clock recovery. ...

Contents

TTY/Teleprinter or Telecommunications device for the deaf

Modems/Home user connections

Mobile telephone interfaces

Wide area network

Local area network

Wireless networking

Wireless device connection

Computer buses

Portable Computer buses

Computer buses (storage)

Computer buses (external)

Computer buses (MAC to PHY)

Computer buses (PHY to XPDR)

Memory Interconnect Buses / RAM

See also

Notes

External links

Contents

TTY/Teleprinter or Telecommunications device for the deaf GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

Modems/Home user connections

Mobile telephone interfaces

Wide area network

Local area network

Wireless networking

Wireless device connection

Computer buses

Portable Computer buses

Computer buses (storage)

Computer buses (external)

Computer buses (MAC to PHY)

Computer buses (PHY to XPDR)

Memory Interconnect Buses / RAM

See also

Notes

External links

TTY/Teleprinter or Telecommunications device for the deaf