This is a list of plants containing poisonous parts that pose a serious risk of illness, injury, or death to humans. For other uses, see Plant (disambiguation). ... The skull and crossbones symbol (Jolly Roger) traditionally used to label a poisonous substance. ... This article is about the medical term. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... This article is about modern humans. ...

Poisonous food plants

• Apple (Malus domestica) Seeds contain cyanogenic glycosides; although the amount found in most apples won't kill a person, with enough seeds (hundreds), one could die from it.
• Cherry (Prunus cerasus), as well as other species (Prunus sp) such as peach (Prunus persica), plum (Prunus domestica), almond (Prunus dulcis) and apricot (Prunus armeninaca). Leaves and seeds contain cyanogenic glycosides
• Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Foliage and green-tinged tubers are toxic, containing the glycoalkaloid solanine, which develops as a result of exposure to light. Causes intense digestive disturbances, nervous symptoms.
• Rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum) Leaves, but not stems, contain oxalic acid salts, causing kidney disorders, convulsions, coma. Rarely fatal.
• Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Foliage and vines contain alkaloid poisons which cause digestive upset and nervous excitement.

Binomial name Borkh. ... In chemistry, glycosides are certain molecules in which a sugar part is bound to some other part. ... For other uses, see Cherry (disambiguation). ... Binomial name (L.) Batsch Percentages are relative to US recommendations for adults. ... Species See text. ... Binomial name (Mill. ... Binomial name Prunus armeniaca L. For other uses, see Apricot (disambiguation). ... A glycoside is a molecule where a sugar group is bonded through its anomeric carbon to a nonsugar group by either an oxygen or a nitrogen atom. ... For other uses, see Potato (disambiguation). ... Solanine is a glycoalkaloid poison found in species of the nightshade family. ... Species About 60, including: R. nobile R. palmatum For other uses see Rhubarb (disambiguation) Rhubarb is a perennial plant that grows from thick short rhizomes, comprising the genus Rheum. ... Oxalic acid (IUPAC name: ethanedioic acid, formula C2H2O4) is a dicarboxylic acid with structure (HOOC)-(COOH). ... For other uses, see Salt (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Tomato (disambiguation). ... Chemical structure of ephedrine, a phenethylamine alkaloid An alkaloid is, strictly speaking, a naturally occurring amine produced by a plant,[1] but amines produced by animals and fungi are also called alkaloids. ...

Other poisonous plants

• Aconite (wolfsbane, monkshood) (Aconitum napellus) The poison is concentrated in the unripe seed pods and roots, but all parts are poisonous. Causes digestive upset, nervous excitement. The juice in plant parts is often fatal.
• Autumn crocus The bulbs are poisonous and cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. Can be fatal.
• Azalea All parts of the plant are poisonous and cause nausea, vomiting, depression, breathing difficulties, coma. Rarely fatal.
• Bittersweet Leaves, seeds, roots are poisonous, causing vomiting diarrhea, chills, convulsions, coma. Rarely fatal.
• Bleeding heart / Dutchman's breeches Leaves and roots are poisonous and cause convulsions and other nervous sysmptoms.
• Black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) All parts of the plant except the ripe fruit contain the toxic glycoalkaloid solanine
• Angel's Trumpet (Brugmansia); All parts of the plant contains the tropane alkaloids scopolamine and atropine. Often fatal.
• Caladium All parts of the plant are poisonous. Symptoms are generally irritation, pain, and swelling of tissues. If the mouth or tongue swell, breathing may be fatally blocked.
• Castor Oil Plant (Ricinus communis) Castor Oil Plant; The phytotoxin is ricin, an extremely toxic water soluble protein, which is concentrated in the seed. Also present are ricinine, an alkaloid, and an irritant oil. Causes burning in mouth and throat, convulsions, and is often fatal.
• Daffodil The bulbs are poisonous and cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Can be fatal.
• Daphne (Daphne sp.) The berries (either red or yellow) are poisonous, causing burns to mouth and digestive tract, followed by coma. Often fatal.
• Darnel/Poison Ryegrass (Lolium temulentum) The seeds and seed heads of this common garden weed may contain the alkaloids temuline and loliine. Some experts also point to the fungus ergot or fungi of the genus endoconidium both of which grow on the seed heads of rye grasses as an additional source of toxicity.^[1]
• Datura nightshade Contains the alkaloids scopolamine and atropine. Datura has been used as a hallucinogenic drug, eg by the native peoples of the Americas.^[2]
• Deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna) All parts of the plant contain the toxic alkaloid atropine. The young pants and seeds are especially poisonous, causing nausea, muscle twitches, paralysis; often fatal.
• Death camas / black snakeroot All parts of the plant are poisonous, causing nausea, severe upset.
• Delphinium Contains the alkaloid Delsoline. Young plants and seeds are poisonous, causing nausea, muscle twitches, paralysis, often fatal.
• Dumbcane / dieffenbachia All parts are poisonous, causing intense burning, irritation, and immobility of the tongue, mouth, and throat. Swelling can be severe enough to block breathing leading to death.
• Elderberry The roots are poisonous and cause nausea and digestive upset.
• Elephant ear All parts of the plant are poisonous and cause intense burning and irritation of the mouth and tongue. If selling is severe enough, breathing can be blocked.
• European Holly (Ilex aquifolium) The berries are poisonous, causing gastroenteritis.
• Foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) The leaves, seeds, and flowers are poisonous, containing cardiac or other steroid glycosides. These cause irregular heartbeat, and generally digestive upset and confusion. Can be fatal.
• Gifblaar (Dichapatelum cymosum ) . Well known as a livestock poison in South Africa; this plant contains the metabolic poison fluoroacetic acid.
• Hemlock (Conium maculatum) All parts of the plant contain the relatively simple alkaloid coniine which causes stomach pains, vomiting, progressive paralysis of the central nervous system. Can be fatal; it is the poison which killed Socrates.
• Horse-chestnut All parts of the plant are poisonous, causing nausea, muscle twitches, and sometimes, paralysis.
• Ivy The leaves and berries are poisonous, causing stomach pains, labored breathing, possible coma.
• Hyacinth The bulbs are poisonous, causing nausea, vomiting, gasping, convulsions, and possibly death.
• Jerusalem cherry All parts, especially the berries, are poisonous, causing nausea and vomiting. It is occasionally fatal, especially to children.
• Jimson weed / datura / thorn apple / stinkweed / Jamestown weed (Datura stramonium) All parts of the plant are poisonous, causing abnormal thirst, vision distortions, delirium, incoherence, coma. Often fatal.
• Laburnum All parts, especially the seeds, are poisonous, causing excitement, staggering, convulsions, coma, occasionally fatal.
• Larkspur (Delphinium ajacis) Young plants and seeds are poisonous, causing nausea, muscle twitches, paralysis. Often fatal.
• Lilies Most are poisonous, especially to cats.
• Manchineel (Hippomane mancinella) . All parts of this tree including the fruit contain toxic phorbol esters typical of the Euphorbiaceae.
• Mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum) Green portions of the plant, unripe fruit, and especially the rhizome contain the non-alkaloid toxin podophyllotoxin which causes diarrhea, severe digestive upset.
• Monkshood All parts of the plant are highly poisonous. Ancient warriors used it to poison their enemies water supplies. Used in the past for killing wolves.
• Moonseed The fruits and seeds are poisonous, causing nausea and vomiting. Often fatal.
• Mushrooms Many species of wild mushrooms are poisonous. Symptoms often include liver damage, kidney damage, etc. There are many toxins, little but symptomatic treatment, and fatalities are common.
• Nightshade climbing / bittersweet All parts, especially unripe berries, are poisonous causing digestive disturbances, nervous symptoms. Often fatal.
• Oleander (Nerium oleander) All parts are toxic, containing nerioside, oleandroside, saponins, cardiac glycosides, but especially the leaves and woody stems. They cause severe digestive upset, heart trouble, contact dermatitis. Often fatal.
• Oak most species foliage and acorns are mildly poisonous, causing digestive upset, heart trouble, contact dermatitis. Rarely fatal.
• Poison-ivy (Toxicodendron radicans), Poison-oak (T. diversilobum), and Poison Sumac (T.vernix) All parts of these plants contain a highly irritating oil with urushiol (this is actually not a poison but an allergen). Skin reactions can include blisters and rashes. It spreads readily to clothes and back again, and has a very long life. Infections can follow scratching.
• Pokeweed (Phytolacca sp.) Leaves, berries and roots contain phytolaccatoxin and phytolaccigenin - toxin in young leaves is reduced with each boiling and draining.
• Privet (Ligustrum sp.) Berries and leaves are poisonous. Berries contain ligustrin and syringin, which causes difestive disturbances, nervous symptoms. Can be fatal.
• White snakeroot All parts are poisonous, causing nausea and vomiting. Often fatal.
• Yellow jessamine All parts are poisonous, causing nausea and vomiting. Often fatal. It's possible to become ill from ingesting honey made from jessamine nectar.
• Yew (Taxus baccata) All parts of the plant, except for the fleshy red bit of the fruit, contain taxane alkaloids. The seeds are especially poisonous and are quickly fatal when ingested.

Species About 60: see text Aconitum is a genus of plants belonging to the buttercup family Ranunculaceae. ... Binomial name Colchicum autumnale L. Colchicum autumnale, commonly known as autumn crocus, meadow saffron or naked lady, resembles the true crocuses, but flowering in autumn. ... Species see text Source: The Rhododendron page, and some research. ... Binomial name Solanum dulcamara L. Bittersweet (Solanum dulcamara) is a species of vine in the potato genus Solanum, family Solanaceae. ... A bleeding heart can be: A term, usually critical, for someone who is held to be overly sympathetic to another persons (or group of peoples) plight; usually used by people who are not as (or not at all) sympathetic. ... Binomial name Solanum nigrum L. Subspecies subsp. ... Glycoalkaloids are a family of poisons commonly found in the plant species Solanum dulcamara (nightshade). ... Solanine is a glycoalkaloid poison found in species of the nightshade family. ... Species See text Brugmansia is a genus of six species of flowering plants in the family Solanaceae, native to subtropical regions of South America, along the Andes from Colombia to northern Chile, and also in southeastern Brazil. ... Scopolamine, also known as hyoscine, is a tropane alkaloid drug obtained from plants of the family Solanaceae (nightshades), such as henbane or jimson weed (Datura species). ... Atropine is a tropane alkaloid extracted from the deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna) and other plants of the family Solanaceae. ... Species See text. ... Binomial name Ricinus communis L. The castor oil plant (Ricinus communis) is a plant species of the Euphorbiaceae and the sole member of the genus Ricinus and of the subtribe Ricininae. ... Literally meaning plant poison, a phytotoxin can refer to any toxin produced by a plant. ... Castor beans The protein ricin (pronounced ) is a toxin from the castor bean (Ricinus communis). ... Species ????? Daffodils are a group of large flowered members of the genus Narcissus. ... Daphne - From the painting by Deverial. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Species About 50, including: Claviceps africanum Claviceps fusiformis Claviceps paspali Claviceps purpurea Ergot is the common name of a fungus in the genus Claviceps that is parasitic on certain grains and grasses. ... Species See text below Datura is a genus of 12-15 species of vespertine flowering plants belonging to the family Solanaceae. ... An alkaloid is a nitrogenous organic molecule that has a pharmacological effect on humans and other animals. ... Scopolamine, also known as hyoscine, is a tropane alkaloid drug obtained from plants of the family Solanaceae (nightshades), such as henbane or jimson weed (Datura species). ... Atropine is a tropane alkaloid extracted from the deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna) and other plants of the family Solanaceae. ... Binomial name L. Deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna), also known as belladonna or dwale, is a well-known perennial herbaceous plant, with leaves and berries that are highly toxic and hallucinogenic. ... Chemical structure of ephedrine, a phenethylamine alkaloid An alkaloid is, strictly speaking, a naturally occurring amine produced by a plant,[1] but amines produced by animals and fungi are also called alkaloids. ... Atropine is a tropane alkaloid extracted from the deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna) and other plants of the family Solanaceae. ... Species See text. ... Species See text Delphinium is a genus of about 250 species of annual, biennial or perennial flowering plants in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae, native throughout the Northern Hemisphere and also on the high mountains of tropical Africa. ... Species See text. ... Species See text. ... Species See text Elder or Elderberry (Sambucus) is a genus of between 5–30 species of shrubs or small trees (two species herbaceous), formerly treated in the honeysuckle family Caprifoliaceae, but now shown by genetic evidence to be correctly classified in the moschatel family Adoxaceae. ... The term elephant ear, while literally meaning a notable part of the anatomy of certain pachyderms, is a term widely used as a common name for items bearing resemblance to the external ear flap of elephants: Species of arums (a plant group) having especially large leaves (see Elephant ear plant... Binomial name Ilex aquifolium L. The European Holly Ilex aquifolium is a holly native to western and southern Europe, northwest Africa and southwest Asia. ... Species Digitalis ferruginea Digitalis grandiflora Digitalis lanata Digitalis lutea Digitalis obscura Digitalis purpurea Digitalis is a genus of about 20 species of herbaceous biennials, perennials and shrubs in the foxglove family Scrophulariaceae. ... Cardiac glycosides are drugs used in the treatment of congestive heart failure and cardiac arrhythmia. ... A glycoside is a molecule where a sugar group is bonded through its anomeric carbon to a nonsugar group by either an oxygen or a nitrogen atom. ... Binomial name Conium maculatum L. Conium is a genus of 2-3 species of perennial herbaceous plants in the family Apiaceae. ... Chemical structure of ephedrine, a phenethylamine alkaloid An alkaloid is, strictly speaking, a naturally occurring amine produced by a plant,[1] but amines produced by animals and fungi are also called alkaloids. ... Coniine or 2-propylpiperidine is a poisonous alkaloid found in poison hemlock. ... This page is about the ancient Greek philosopher. ... Binomial name Aesculus hippocastanum L. The Common Horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) is a large deciduous tree, native to a small area in the mountains of the Balkans in southeast Europe, mainly in northeastern Greece but also locally in Albania and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. ... Species See text Hedera, English name Ivy (plural, Ivies), is a genus of about 10 species of climbing or ground-creeping evergreen woody plants in the Araliaceae, native in the Atlantic Islands, Europe, North Africa and across Asia east to Japan. ... The name Hyacinth can refer to: the Hyacinth from Greek mythology. ... Binomial name Solanum pseudocapsicum L. The Jerusalem cherry (Solanum pseudocapsicum) is a plant belonging to the same genus as deadly nightshade, whose fruit are also poisonous. ... Binomial name Datura stramonium Datura stramonium is the name of a poisonous weed, sometimes used as a hallucinogen. ... Species Laburnum anagyroides Laburnum alpinum Laburnum is a genus of two species of small trees in the subfamily Faboideae of the pea family Fabaceae, Laburnum anagyroides (Common Laburnum) and (Alpine Laburnum). ... Species Delphinium glaucum Delphinium consolida Delphinium bakeri Others Larkspur (Delphinium glaucum) is a tall (4 to 6 foot high), robust plant. ... Genera Calochortus Cardiocrinum Clintonia Erythronium Fritillaria Gagea Korolkowia Lilium Lloydia Nomocharis Notholirion Scoliopus Streptopus Tricyrtis Tulipa The Liliaceae, or the Lily Family, is an important family of monocotyledons that includes a great number of ornamental flowers as well as several important agricultural crops; the onion has traditionally been classified here... The manchineel tree (Species: Hippomane mancinella, Family: Euphorbiaceae) got its name from the Spanish manzanilla which means little apple. ... Genera See text Ref: Euphorbiaceae in The Families of Flowering Plants, as of 2002-07-13 The Spurge family (Euphorbiaceae) is a large family of flowering plants with 280 genera and around 6000 species. ... Binomial name Podophyllum peltatum L. The American Mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum) is a herbaceous perennial plant in the family Berberidaceae, native to the eastern part of North America. ... For other uses, see Rhizome (disambiguation). ... Podophyllin is a drug obtained from the rhizome of the American Mayapple (‘’Podophyllum peltatum’’), an herbaceous perennial belonging to the natural order Berberidaceae, indigenous in woods in Canada and the United States. ... Species See text Aconitum is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the buttercup family Ranunculaceae. ... Species Menispermum canadense Menispermum davuricum Moonseed (Menispermum) is a genus of two species of deciduous climbing woody plant, native to northeastern North America (, Canadian Moonseed) and northeastern Asia (, Asian Moonseed). ... Basidiocarps (mushrooms) of the fungus Leucocoprinus sp. ... Species See text Solanum is a genus of annuals, perennials, sub-shrubs, shrubs and climbers. ... For other uses, see Oleander (disambiguation). ... Saponins are a class of glucosides found in plants. ... Species See List of Quercus species The term oak can be used as part of the common name of any of several hundred species of trees and shrubs in the genus Quercus (from Latin oak tree), and some related genera, notably Cyclobalanopsis and Lithocarpus. ... Binomial name (L.) Kuntze Toxicodendron radicans (syn. ... Binomial name (Torr. ... Binomial name Toxicodendron vernix Kuntze Poison Sumac (Toxicodendron vernix or Rhus vernix) is a woody shrub growing to 3 m tall. ... For information on urushiol poisoning, see Urushiol-induced contact dermatitis. ... Species About 35, including: (Southeast Asia) P. americana (North America) (China) P. dioica (South America) P. decandra (East Asia) (Mexico) P. icosandra (South America) (New Zealand) For the Hawaiian fish salad, see Poke (food). ... Species See text Privet was originally the name for the European semi-evergreen shrub Ligustrum vulgare, and later also for the more reliably evergreen Ligustrum ovalifolium (Japanese privet), used extensively for privacy hedging (hence privet, private). ... [[{{{diversity_link}}}|Diversity]] {{{diversity}}} Binomial name Ageratina altissima (L.) King & H.E. Robins. ... Binomial name L. Taxus baccata is a conifer native to western, central and southern Europe, northwest Africa, northern Iran and southwest Asia. ... The taxanes are NOT alkaloids (not every molecule coming from a plant and bearing a nitrogen is an alkaloid!). They are diterpenes produced by the plants of the genus Taxus (yews). ...

Notes

• Poinsettias (Euphorbia pulcherrima) Notable for not being poisonous, despite persistent beliefs to the contrary, although may cause upset stomach^{[citation needed]}.

Binomial name Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ...

See also

• Poison
• Toxin
• Poisonous Mushrooms

The skull and crossbones symbol (Jolly Roger) traditionally used to label a poisonous substance. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... The current version of the article or section is written like a magazine article instead of the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia. ...

References

External links

• Herbarium of toxic plants
• US Army: Guide to poisonous and toxic plants