This is a list of political topics, including political science terms, political philosophies, political issues, etc. Politics is the process by which groups of people make decisions. Although the term is generally applied to behavior within civil governments, politics is observed in all human group interactions, including corporate, academic, and religious institutions. Politics consists of "social relations involving authority or power"^[1] and refers to the regulation of a political unit, ^[2] and to the methods and tactics used to formulate and apply policy.^[3] Political science (also political studies) is the study of political behavior and examines the acquisition and application of power. Related areas of study include political philosophy, which seeks a rationale for politics and an ethic of public behavior, and public administration, which examines the practices of governance. For other uses, see Politics (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Corporation (disambiguation). ... Academia is a collective term for the scientific and cultural community engaged in higher education and research, taken as a whole. ... Various Religious symbols, including (first row) Christian, Jewish, Hindu, Bahai, (second row) Islamic, tribal, Taoist, Shinto (third row) Buddhist, Sikh, Hindu, Jain, (fourth row) Ayyavazhi, Triple Goddess, Maltese cross, pre-Christian Slavonic Religion is the adherence to codified beliefs and rituals that generally involve a faith in a spiritual... Look up policy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Political Science is the field concerning the theory and practice of politics and the description and analysis of political systems and political behaviour. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Political philosophy is the study of fundamental questions about the state, government, politics, liberty, justice, property, rights, law and the enforcement of a legal code by authority: what they are, why (or even if) they are needed, what makes a government legitimate, what... Public Administration can be broadly described as the development, implementation and study of government policy. ...

Political topics include:

For other uses, see Politics (disambiguation). ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Consent of the governed is a political theory stating that a governments legitimacy and moral right to use state power is, or ought to be, derived from the people or society over which that power is exercised. ... Information on politics by country is available for every country, including both de jure and de facto independent states, inhabited dependent territories, as well as areas of special sovereignty. ... This list summarises the country subdivisions which have a separate article on their politics. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Political economy was the original term for the study of production, the acts of buying and selling, and their relationships to laws, customs and government. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Political history is the narrative and analysis of political events, ideas, movements, and leaders. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Political philosophy is the study of fundamental questions about the state, government, politics, liberty, justice, property, rights, law and the enforcement of a legal code by authority: what they are, why (or even if) they are needed, what makes a government legitimate, what... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Political Science is the field concerning the theory and practice of politics and the description and analysis of political systems and political behaviour. ... Foreign affairs redirects here. ... Main International Relations Theories and derivates Realism & Neorealism Idealism, Liberalism & Neoliberalism Marxism & Dependency theory Functionalism & Neofunctionalism Critical theory & Constructivism International relations theory attempts to provide a conceptual model upon which international relations can be analyzed. ... This is a list of notable political scientists. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Comparative politics is a subfield of political science, characterized by an empirical approach based on the comparative method. ... Public Administration can be broadly described as the development, implementation and study of government policy. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      This article is about the sociological concept. ... Street-level bureaucracy is a term used to refer to a public agency employee who actually performs the actions that implement laws. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Separation of powers is a term coined by French political Enlightenment thinker Baron de Montesquieu[1][2], is a model for the governance of democratic states. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      In the law, the judiciary or judicial system is the system of courts which administer justice in the name of the sovereign or state, a mechanism for the resolution of disputes. ... A legislatureis a type of representative deliberative assembly with the power to ratify laws. ... “Sovereign” redirects here. ... The psychodynamics of decision-making form a basis to understand institutional functioning. ... For other uses, see Politics (disambiguation). ... This article is about the political process. ... Vote redirects here. ... For theological federalism, see Covenant Theology. ... A form of government (also referred to as a system of government or a political system) is a system composed of various people, institutions and their relations in regard to the governance of a state. ... Political Ideologies Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      An ideology is an organized collection of ideas. ... “Electioneering” redirects here. ... Political Parties redirects here. ...

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100,000,000 Guinea Pigs - 10 Agorot controversy - 1965 Yerevan Demonstrations - 1984 network liberty alliance - 2006 Franco–Italian–Spanish Middle East Peace Plan - 2006 Georgian-Russian espionage controversy - 2006 Norwegian Jostein Gaarder controversy - 2006 United States immigration reform protests - 2007 Georgia helicopter attack incident - 2007 Georgia missile incident - 2007 Georgia plane downing incident - 9/11 Truth Movement The Israeli 10 agorot coin A coin issued by Mattathias Antigonus in c. ... The 1965 Yerevan Demonstrations were a 24 hour mass protest in Yerevan, Armenian SSR (today Armenia), to demand recognition of the Armenian Genocide. ... On 16 November 2006 France, Italy and Spain announced a new Middle East peace plan. ... Russian officers arrested on charges of espionage paraded in Tbilisi before being handed over to the OSCE The 2006 Georgian-Russian espionage controversy began when the Government of Georgia arrested four Russian officers on charges of espionage, on September 27, 2006. ... In August of 2006, author Jostein Gaarder created a controversy in Norway after publishing an op-ed piece in the Aftenposten, one of the countrys major newspapers, in which he expressed his outrage against Israels military operations and foreign policy since 1967. ... In 2006, millions of people were involved in protests over a proposed reform to U.S. immigration policy. ... Georgia accused Russia of firing a missile in the village of Tsitelubani. ... Members of the 9/11 Truth Movement at a Los Angeles demonstration, October 2007 The 9/11 Truth Movement is the name adopted by organizations and individuals that question the mainstream account of the September 11, 2001 attacks against the United States. ...

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A-CHAMP - A Man's A Man for A' That - A Quaker Action Group - A Scientific Support for Darwinism - Abalone Alliance - Ableism - Aboriginal land claim - Abortion - Absentee ballot - Absolute majority - Absolute monarch - Absolute monarchy - Absolutism - Abstention - Academia - Acceptance - Acclamation - Active measures - Activism - Activism at Ohio Wesleyan University - Activism industry - Administrative Centre - Administrative resource - Adolf Hitler - Advocacy - Affair - Affiliated Media Foundation Movement - Affinity group - Affirmative action - Affirmative action bake sale - African Plate - African socialism - Agrarianism - Agricultural policy - Alan Placa - Alexandre de Lameth - Alice's Meadow - Alliance for a New Humanity - Alois Buttinger - Alta controversy - Alternative Views - Alternative society - AmEuropa - Amalgamation (history) - Amalgamation (politics) - American Political Science Association - American Political Science Review - Americas - Americentric - Amoral - An Act of Conscience - An equal amount of products for an equal amount of labor - Anarchism - Anarchism in China - Anarchist communism - Anarcho-capitalism - Anarcho-syndicalism - Anatopia - Ancien Régime - Ancien régime - Ancient Greece - Animal rights - Animal testing - Annexation - Annual Islamophobia Awards - Anthropology - Anti-Capitalist Convergence - Anti-Communism - Anti-Poverty Committee - Anti-Revisionist - Anti-Stalinist left - Anti-authoritarian - Anti-capitalism - Anti-clericalism - Anti-communism - Anti-cult movement - Anti-environmentalism - Anti-incumbency - Anti-nationalism - Anti-work - Antidisestablishmentarianism - Antimilitarism - Antinaturalism (politics) - Antoine Barnave - Apolitical - Aptitude - Arab socialism - Arbetarnas bildningsförbund - Arbeter Ring (Workmen's Circle) - Arctic Refuge drilling controversy - Arendt, Hannah - Aristocracy - Aristotelianism - Aristotle - Arizona State University - Arm's length principle - Arms Length Management Organisation - Arrow Cross Party - Arthashastra - Artists United Against Apartheid - Artivist - Asian values - Assembly of the Poor - Asset-based egalitarianism - Atrocity story - Attack poodle - Attendance allowance (political) - Audre Lorde Project - Augustine of Hippo - Augustus - Ausserparlamentarische Opposition - Australasia - Australia - Austria - Autarchism - Authoritarian - Authoritarianism - Authority - Autism Awareness Campaign UK - Autism Society of America - Autism Speaks - Autonomous area - Average worker's wage - Averroes - Aviation Ministry - Avicenna - Axis of Justice Advocates for Childrens Health Affected by Mercury Poisoning (A-CHAMP), is a United States political activism group, founded by parents, which advocates on behalf of children who were injured by mercury in thimerosal-containing vaccines, and other toxins. ... Wikisource has original text related to this article: A Mans a Man for A That The Scots song Is There For Honest Poverty, by Robert Burns, is more commonly known as A Mans A Man For A That, and famous for its expression of egalitarian ideas of society... A Quaker Action Group was founded in Philadelphia during the summer of 1966 to apply nonviolent direct action as a witness against the war in Vietnam. Founding member Lawrence Scott was a Quaker and radical pacifist who had worked for the American Friends Service Committee in the 1950s, but resigned... A Scientific Support for Darwinism (and for public schools not to teach Intelligent Design as science) was a four day, word of mouth petition of scientists in support of evolution. ... The Abalone Alliance (1977 – 1985) was a nonviolent civil disobedience group formed to shut down the Pacific Gas and Electric Companys Diablo Canyon nuclear power plant near San Luis Obispo (on the central California coast). ... Manifestations Slavery Racial profiling Lynching Hate speech Hate crime Genocide (examples) Ethnocide Ethnic cleansing Pogrom Race war Religious persecution Gay bashing Blood libel Paternalism Police brutality Movements Policies Discriminatory Race / Religion / Sex segregation Apartheid Redlining Internment Anti-discriminatory Emancipation Civil rights Desegregation Integration Equal opportunity Counter-discriminatory Affirmative action Racial... Aboriginal land claims are claims of Native or Aboriginal peoples (also referred to as Indigenous peoples) about their ownership of land before the arrival of settlers, primarily Europeans. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Postal voting. ... Absolute majority is a supermajoritarian voting requirement which is stricter than a simple majority. ... Absolute monarchy is an idealized form of government, a monarchy where the ruler has the power to rule his or her country and citizens freely with no laws or legally-organized direct opposition telling him or her what to do, although some religious authority may be able to discourage the... Forms of government Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Absolute monarchy is a monarchical form of government where the monarch has the power to rule his or her land or country and its citizens freely, with no laws or legally-organized direct opposition in force. ... The term absolutism can mean: A belief in absolute truth moral absolutism, the belief that there is some absolute standard of right and wrong political absolutism, a political system where one person holds absolute power, also called apolytarchy from Gr. ... Abstention is a term in election procedure for when a participant in a vote either does not goes to vote (on election day) or, in parliamentary procedure, isnt absent during the vote, but does not cast a ballot. ... Academia is a collective term for the scientific and cultural community engaged in higher education and research, taken as a whole. ... For other uses, see Acceptance (disambiguation). ... Politics An acclamation is a form of election not using a ballot. ... Active Measures (Russian: Активные мероприятия) are a form of political warfare conducted by the Soviet security services (Cheka, OGPU, NKVD, KGB, and SVR) to influence the course of world events,[1] in addition to collecting intelligence. ... Activism, in a general sense, can be described as intentional action or inaction to bring about social or political change. ... On October 23, 1945, Branch Rickey officially signed a contract with Jackie Robinson for the Brooklyn Dodgers. ... The activism industry is composed of organizations and individuals who make a living from activism, involvement in action to bring about change. ... Administrative Centre (in Norwegian administrativt senter) is often used in Norway to refer to a county town, or the place where the central administration of a Norwegian commune is located. ... Administrative resource is the ability of political candidates (and parties) to use their official positions or connections to government institutions to influence the outcome of elections. ... Hitler redirects here. ... Advocacy is the act of arguing on behalf of a particular issue, idea or person. ... An affair may refer to a form of nonmonogamy, to infidelity or to adultery. ... The Affiliated Media Foundation Movement is a United States grassroots effort to produce public radio serving the needs and interests of low and moderate income Americans, with an emphasis on social justice issues. ... The anti-war affinity group Collateral Damage. All seven were convicted on December 4, 2002 of 2nd Degree Criminal Trespass for occupying the office of Senator Allard in protest of the war in Iraq An affinity group is a small group of activists (usually from 3-20) who work together... Manifestations Slavery Racial profiling Lynching Hate speech Hate crime Genocide (examples) Ethnocide Ethnic cleansing Pogrom Race war Religious persecution Gay bashing Blood libel Paternalism Police brutality Movements Policies Discriminatory Race / Religion / Sex segregation Apartheid Redlining Internment Anti-discriminatory Emancipation Civil rights Desegregation Integration Equal opportunity Counter-discriminatory Affirmative action Racial... Chocolate Chip Cookies Royce Hall, University of California, Los Angeles An affirmative action bake sale is a controversial campus event used by student groups to illustrate their criticism of affirmative action policies, especially as they relate to college and graduate school admissions. ...  The African plate, shown in pinkish-orange The African Plate is a tectonic plate covering the continent of Africa and extending westward to the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. ... African socialism is a belief in sharing economic resources in a traditional African way, as distinct from classical socialism. ... Agrarianism is a social and political philosophy. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Alexandre-Théodore-Victor, comte de Lameth (October 20, 1760 - March 18, French soldier and politician. ... Alices Meadow is the name given to a small field in the Oxfordshire parish of Fencott and Murcott, England. ... The Alta controversy refers to a political controversy in Norway in the late 1970s and early 1980s concerning the construction of a hydroelectric power plant in the Alta river in Finnmark, Northern Norway. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The phrase alternative society may have been in usage since the 19th century when Karl Marx and Proudhon represented two factions for alternative visions of social change. ... AmEuropa® is an economic and political alliance proposed by Kent M. Chater as well as a series of fiction and nonfiction books written by Kent M. Chater. ... Amalgamation is a now largely archaic term for the intermarriage and interbreeding of different ethncitities or races. In the English-speaking world, the term has been in use into the the twentieth century. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... The American Political Science Association, founded in 1903, serves more than 15,000 members in more than 80 countries, bringing a variety of services to political scientists both inside and outside academic institutions. ... The American Political Science Review, or APSR as its often referred to, is the flagship publication of the American Political Science Association and one of the most prestigious journals in the field of contemporary political science. ... World map showing the Americas CIA political map of the Americas The Americas are the lands of the Western hemisphere or New World, consisting of the continents of North America[1] and South America with their associated islands and regions. ... Categories: Wikipedia cleanup | Ethnocentrism | United States | Stub ... Amoral is an adjective used to describe someone or something that has no concept of right or wrong. ... An Act of Conscience is a 1997 documentary film by Robbie Leppzer about the war tax resistance of Randy Kehler and Betsy Corner and years-long struggle that ensues after the IRS seizes their home in Colrain, Massachusetts in 1989, to recover $27,000 in unpaid taxes, penalties, and interest. ... An equal amount of products for an equal amount of labor or To each the full product of his labor is seen by Marxists and other socialists as the second principle of socialism. ... Anarchist redirects here. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Chinese Anarchism. ... Libertarian Communism redirects here. ... Anarcho-capitalism refers to an anti-statist philosophy that embraces capitalism as one of its foundational principles. ... Anarcho-syndicalism is a branch of anarchism which focuses on the labour movement. ... Anatopia was a land squat in Papenburg, Germany. ... Ancien Régime, a French term meaning Former Regime, but rendered in English as Old Rule, Old Order, or simply Old Regime, refers primarily to the aristocratic social and political system established in France under the Valois and Bourbon dynasties. ... Ancien Régime, a French term meaning Former Regime, but rendered in English as Old Rule, Old Order, or simply Old Regime, refers primarily to the aristocratic social and political system established in France under the Valois and Bourbon dynasties. ... The term ancient Greece refers to the periods of Greek history in Classical Antiquity, lasting ca. ... Animal liberation redirects here. ... For other uses, see Animal testing (disambiguation). ... Ceremonies during the annexation of Hawaii. ... The Annual Islamophobia Awards are awards given by the Islamic Human Rights Commission each year to politicians and journalists whom the Commission judge to have expressed the most Islamophobic opinions in the course of the past year. ... Anthropology (from Greek: ἀνθρωπος, anthropos, human being; and λόγος, logos, knowledge) is the study of humanity. ... Anti-Capitalist Convergences (ACC) are organizations which sprang up in North America in the late 1990s and early 2000s as forms of coordinating activities by the growing social justice, anarchist, and environmentalist anti-capitalists. ... Ideologies Communist internationals Prominent communists Related subjects Anti-communism refers to opposition to communism. ... Young Men Organization Teenager and Teen also redirect here. ... In the Marxist-Leninist movement, an anti-revisionist is one who favors the line of theory and practice associated with Marx-Engels-Lenin-Stalin-Mao, usually stated in this way so as to show direct opposition to the Marx-Engels-Lenin-Trotsky path of Trotskyism. ... The term anti-Stalinist left refers to elements of the political left which have been critical of the policies of Joseph Stalin and of the political system that developed in the Soviet Union under his rule. ... Anti-authoritarianism is opposition to authoritarianism, which is defined as concentration of power in a leader or an elite not constitutionally responsible to the people or the doctrine that advocates such absolutism in rule, as in autocracy, despotism, dictatorship, and totalitarianism. ... This article lists ideologies opposed to capitalism and describes them briefly. ... Anti-clericalism is a historical movement that opposes religious (generally Catholic) institutional power and influence, real or imagined[1], in all aspects of public and political life, and the involvement of religion in the everyday life of the citizen. ... Ideologies Communist internationals Prominent communists Related subjects Anti-communism refers to opposition to communism. ... It has been suggested that Opposition to cults and new religious movements be merged into this article or section. ... Anti-environmentalism is a backlash against the global environmentalist movement, combining conservationist ideals with an emphasis on scientific rigor, free market principles and above all the ethical principle that nature is intended for humankinds use. ... An anti-incumbent vote is one exercised against the current government officials, or a current elected official. ... Anti-nationalism is the idea that nationalism is undesirable or even dangerous in one form or another, and sometimes, though less often, the idea that all nationalism is dangerous and unfavourable in all cases. ... The anti-work ethic states that labor tends to cause unhappiness, therefore, the quantity of labor ought to be lessened. ... Look up Antidisestablishmentarianism in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Theory and practice Issues History Culture By region Lists Related Anarchism Portal Politics Portal ·        Antimilitarism is a doctrine commonly found in the anarchist and, more globally, in the socialist movement, which may be both characterized as internationalist movements. ... Antoine Pierre Joseph Marie Barnave (October 22, 1761—November 29, 1793), was a French politician, and, together with Honoré Mirabeau, the most influential orators of the French Revolution. ... Categories: Move to Wiktionary | Stub ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Arab Socialism (ar. ... ABF, short for Arbetarnas Bildningsförbund (The Workers Enlightenment League) is the Swedish educational section of the workers movement. ... The Workmens Circle Logo The Arbeter Ring (אַרבעטער־רינג) (Workmen’s Circle) is a Yiddish language-oriented American Jewish fraternal organization loosely connected to the Humanistic Judaism movement. ... Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Map The question of whether or not to allow drilling for oil in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge has been a political football for every sitting American president since Jimmy Carter. ... Hannah Arendt (October 14, 1906 – December 4, 1975) was a German political theorist. ... Aristocrat redirects here. ... Aristotelianism is a tradition of philosophy that takes its defining inspiration from the work of Aristotle. ... For other uses, see Aristotle (disambiguation). ... Arizona State University (ASU) is a public research institution of higher education and research with campuses located in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Arms length. ... Arms Length Management Organisation (ALMO) is a UK not-for-profit company set up by a local authority to manage and improve all or part of its housing stock. ... Flag of the Arrow Cross Party Senior members of the Arrow Cross Party. ... The Arthashastra (more precisely Arthaśāstra) is a treatise on statecraft and economic policy which identifies its author by the names Kautilya[1] and Viṣṇugupta,[2] who are traditionally identified with the Mauryan minister Cāṇakya. ... Artists United Against Apartheid was a protest group founded by activist performer Steven van Zandt to protest the existence of apartheid in South Africa. ... Artivist is a portmanteau word combining art and activist. Artivism developed in recent years while the anti-globalization and antiwar protests emerged and proliferated. ... Asian values was a concept that came into vogue in the 1990s, predicated on the belief in the existence in Asian countries of a unique set of institutions and political ideologies which reflected the regions culture and history. ... The Assembly of the Poor is an Thailand. ... Asset-based egalitarianism is a form of egalitarianism which theorises that equality is possible by a redistribution of resources, usually in the form of a capital grant provided at the age of majority. ... An atrocity story as defined by the sociologists David G. Bromley and Anson D. Shupe is the symbolic presentation of action or events (real or imaginary) in such a context that they are made flagrantly to violate the (presumably) shared premises upon which a given set of social relationships should... The Audre Lorde Project is a Brooklyn, New York-based organization for queer people of color. ... Augustinus redirects here. ... For other persons named Octavian, see Octavian (disambiguation). ... The Ausserparlamentarische Opposition (German for Extraparliamentary Opposition, commonly known as the APO), was a political protest movement active in West Germany during the latter half of the 60s and early 70s, forming a central part of the German student movement. ... Australasia Australasia is a term variably used to describe a region of Oceania: Australia, New Zealand, and neighbouring islands in the Pacific Ocean. ... The term autarchy has two different meanings. ... The term authoritarian is used to describe an organization or a state which enforces strong and sometimes oppressive measures against the population, generally without attempts at gaining the consent of the population. ... Forms of government Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      This article applies to political and organizational ideologies. ... This article is about authority as a concept. ... The Autism Awareness Campaign UK was launched in 2000 by parents Ivan and Charika Corea in response to an autism diagnosis ascribed to their son, Charin. ... The Autism Society of America, founded in 1965 by Bernard Rimland, Ph. ... Autism Speaks was founded in February, 2005 by Bob Wright and his wife Suzanne, to help find a cure for autism, a year after their grandson, Christian, was given the diagnosis. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... This is a policy adopted by some organisations(usually socialist or left-of-centre political groups)where members of that organisation agree to never accept wages higher than the wage of the average working class person whilst being employed by that organisation. ... Ibn Rushd, known as Averroes (1126 – December 10, 1198), was an Andalusian-Arab philosopher and physician, a master of philosophy and Islamic law, mathematics, and medicine. ... (Persian: ابن سينا) (c. ... Axis of Justice is a non-profit organization co-founded by Serj Tankian (of System of a Down) and Tom Morello (from the band Rage Against the Machine and the now defunct Audioslave). ...

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BCE - Babels - Babeuf - Balanced job complex - Ballot - Ballot access - Ballot box - Ballot stuffing - Barbara Kay controversy - Bavaria - Bavarian Soviet Republic - Behavioralism - Beirut-Damascus Declaration - Belgische Werkliedenpartij - Bellum omnium contra omnes - Benito Mussolini - Berne International - Bible - Bicameralism - Bill Alldredge - Bill of Rights Defense Committee - Billboarding - Biological imperative - Biosecurity protocol - Bipartisanship - Birth - Black Front - Black Panther Party - Black populism - Black supremacy - Blue Mediterranean - Board of Control - Bob Dornan - Body politic - Bolivarian Revolution - Bolshevik - Bourgeoisie - Brahmana - Brandeis University - Brights movement - British politics - Brown Berets (Watsonville) - Buddhism - Buddhist socialism - Bureau-shaping model - Bureaucracy - Bureaucrat - Burmese Way to Socialism - Butskelism - By-election BCE is a TLA that may stand for: Before the Common Era, date notation equivalent to BC (e. ... Babels is a international network of volunteer interpreters and translators that was born out of the European Social Forum (ESF) process and whose main objective is to cover the interpreting needs of the various Social Forums. ... François-Noël Babeuf (November 23, 1760 _ May 27, 1797), known as Gracchus Babeuf, was a French political agitator and journalist of the revolutionary period. ... A Balanced job complex is a collection of tasks within a given workplace that is balanced for its equity and empowerment implications against all other job complexes in that workplace. ... For the town in France, see Ballots, Mayenne. ... Ballot access rules regulate the conditions under which a candidate or political party is entitled to appear on voters ballots. ... Clear sided ballot boxes used in the Haitian general election in 2006. ... Ballot stuffing is the act of one person submitting multiple ballots during a vote in which only one ballot per person is permitted. ... A view looking down on the August 6, 2006, Anti-Israel demonstration in Montreal. ... For other uses, see Bavaria (disambiguation). ... The Bavarian Soviet Republic (Bayrische Räterepublik) — also known as the Munich Soviet Republic (Münchner Räterepublik) — was a short-lived revolutionary government in the German state of Bavaria in 1919 that sought to replace the fledgling Weimar Republic in its early days. ... Behavioralism (not to be confused with the learning theory, behaviorism) is a political science discipline associated with the rise of the behavioral sciences, modeled after the natural sciences, which seeks to provide a value free, quantified approach to understanding and predicting political behavior. ... The Belgische Werkliedenpartij (BWP) or Parti Ouvrier Belge (POB) (E: Belgian Workers Party) (BWP), founded in 1885, it was the first socialist party in Belgium. ... Bellum omnium contra omnes, a Latin phrase meaning the war of all against all, is the description that Thomas Hobbes gives to human existence in the state of nature thought experiment that he conducts in Leviathan (1651). ... Mussolini redirects here. ... The term Berne International refers to the skeleton continuation, formally called the International Socialist Commission (ISC), of the socialist Second International after the latters break-up due to World War One. ... This Gutenberg Bible is displayed by the United States Library. ... This article is about bicameralism in government. ... The National Bill of Rights Defense Committee (BORDC) is a nonpartisan, nonprofit organization which encourages local communities to take an active role in the ongoing national debate about threats to civil liberties guaranteed by the Bill of Rights, such as the USA PATRIOT Act, NSA warrantless surveillance controversy, and the... Billboarding is one form of ecodefense in the form of monkeywrenching. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Biological imperatives. ... Biosecurity protocol refers to several politically-controversial attempts to unify global biosecurity measures and responses, in a similar manner to a biosafety protocol. ... In a two-party system (such as in the United States or Australia), bipartisan refers to any bill, act, resolution, or any other action of a political body in which both of the major political parties are in agreement. ... For other uses, see Birth (disambiguation). ... Otto Strasser formed the Black Front after his expulsion from the NSDAP in 1930. ... The Black Panther Party (originally called the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense) was an African American organization founded to promote civil rights and self-defense. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Black Supremacy is a racist ideology which holds that black people are superior to other races and is sometimes manifested in bigotry towards persons not of African ancestry, particularly white and Jewish people. ... This article needs cleanup. ... In municipal government a Board of Control is an executive body that usually deals with financial and administrative matters. ... Robert Kenneth Bob Dornan (born April 3, 1933) is a Republican and former member of the United States House of Representatives from California and a vocal pro-life advocate. ... Body politic or body corporate and politic means a state or one of its subordinate civil authorities, such as a: province prefecture county municipality city district etc. ... The Bolivarian Revolution refers to a mass social movement and political process in Venezuela. ... For other uses, see Bolshevik (disambiguation). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Brahmana (Sanskrit ब्राह्मण) are part of the Hindu Shruti; They are composed in Vedic Sanskrit, and the period of their composition is sometimes referred to as the Brahmanic period or age (approximately between 900 BC and 500 BC). ... Brandeis University is a private university located in Waltham, Massachusetts, United States. ... Symbol of the brights The brights movement was started by Paul Geisert and Mynga Futrell in 2003 to provide a positive-sounding umbrella term, bright, to describe various types of people who have a naturalistic worldview, without casting that worldview as a negative response to religion (as the terms atheist... The United Kingdom is a unitary state and a democratic constitutional monarchy. ... The Brown Berets are a grassroots youth organisation based in Watsonville, California. ... A statue of the Sakyamuni Buddha in Tawang Gompa, India. ... GP Malalasekara of Sri Lanka wrote about Buddhist socialism in an article published in , 1972. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      This article is about the sociological concept. ... A bureaucrat is a member of a bureaucracy, usually within an institution of the government. ... The Burmese Way to Socialism is the name of the ideology of Burmese ruler, Ne Win, who ruled the country from 1962 to 1988. ... Butskellism is the (moderately satirical) term used in British politics to refer to the political consensus formed in the 1950s and associated with the exercise of office as Chancellor of the Exchequer by Rab Butler of the Conservative Party and Hugh Gaitskell of the Labour Party. ... A by-election or bye-election is a special election held to fill a political office when the incumbent has died or resigned. ...

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Cabotage - Cacerolazo - Caging list - Calculus of voting - Californians Aware - Call For Action - Camp Trans - Camp for Climate Action - Campaign for Innocent Victims in Conflict - Campaign for the Accountability of American Bases - Canal Contemporâneo - Candidate - Capital - Capital punishment - Capitalism - Carinthian Plebiscite - Carneiro's Circumscription Theory - Carnival Against Capitalism - Carthaginian peace - Cartographic aggression - Catholic - Celine's laws - Censorship - Center for American Politics and Citizenship - Center for Biological Diversity - Center for Freedom and Prosperity - Center for Science in the Public Interest - Center for the Evaluation of Risks to Human Reproduction - Central Military Commission - Centrist - Chambers of parliament - Champagne socialist - Chanakya - Chandragupta Maurya - Chappaquiddick incident - Charismatic domination - Cherokee freedmen controversy - Child advocacy - Child advocacy 360 - China watcher - Chinaman (politics) - Chinese people - Chocolate Activism - Christian - Christian Democracy - Christian Institute - Christian democracy - Christian existentialism - Christian politics (index) - Christian socialism - Christianity - Chronicle of Higher Education - Chuch'e - Church and state - Cicero - Citizen and consumer movements in Japan - Citizens' jury - Citizens of Woodside - Citizenship - City-state - Civil Societarian - Civil authority - Civil libertarianism - Civil liberties - Civil registry - Civil service - Civil society - Civil society campaign - Civilian control of the military - Civilized - Clandestine Insurgent Rebel Clown Army - Clare Boothe Luce Policy Institute - Clarion call - Class conflict - Class struggle - Classical liberalism - Classical liberals - Classless society - Clean Clothes Campaign - Cleavage (politics) - Clergy Letter Project - Clone (voting) - Co-option - Coalition for Comprehensive Immigration Reform - Coercion - Colby College - Cold War - Collective action - Collective responsibility (doctrine) - Collectivism - College of William and Mary - Colonialism - Command and Control (government) - Commercial Club of Chicago - Committee - Committee of 100 (Delaware) - Common Purpose UK - Common minimum programme - Commonwealth of World Citizens - Communalism - Commune (Socialism) - Communism - Communist - Communitarianism - Communities Organized for Public Service - Community Front in Defense of Land - Community organizing - Communization - Compact theory - Comparative government - Comparative politics - Competitiveness Policy Council - Compulsory purchase order - Compulsory voting - Concession (politics) - Concord Principles - Concurrent majority - Condominium (international law) - Conference of Socialist Economists - Confidence and supply - Confucius - Congress - Congress of Vienna - Congressional Order of Merit - Conscription - Consent of the governed - Conservatism - Conservatism in the United States - Consistent Life Ethic - Conspiracy (political) - Constituency - Constituent (politics) - Constituent country - Constituent state - Constitutional convention (political meeting) - Constitutional crisis - Constitutional dictatorship - Constitutional patriotism - Constitutionalism - Consul general - Consumarchy - Consumer organization - Consumers' Association - Consumers Research - Contact Group (Balkans) - Contempt of Parliament - Contentious politics - Continental Europe - Contributions to socialist thought - Controversies related to Islam and Muslims - Coordination failure - Cordón Industrial - Cornelius Castoriadis - Cornell College - Cornell University - Corporate Europe Observatory - Corporate nationalism - Corporate oligarchy - Corporate welfare - Corporation - Corrective Revolution - Cosmopolitanism - Council on American-Islamic Relations - Counter-recruitment - Counter-terrorism - CountyWatch - County executive - Courtesy resolution - Craftivism - Crisis management - Critical international relations theory - Criticism of debt - Criticism of the Council on American-Islamic Relations - Criticisms of electoralism - Criticisms of socialism - Critique (Journal of Socialist Theory) - Critique of capitalism - Crosby, Stills & Nash (and Young) - Cross-cultural studies - Cult of personality - Cultural hegemony - Culture - Culture jamming - Custom online panel - Cut-and-paste job - Cyberpolitics - Cabotage is the transport of goods or passengers between two points in the same country. ... Cacerolazo is the name of a popular form of protest that consists in a group of people creating noise by banging pots, pans and other utensils in order to call for attention. ... Caging is a term of art in the direct mail industry, as well as a term applied to a technique of voter suppression. ... Californians Aware, The Center for Public Forum Rights, also known as CalAware, is a Carmichael, California based nonprofit organization established to help journalists and others keep Californians aware of what they need to know to hold government and other powerful institutions accountable for their actions. ... Call For Action was the name given to telephone help lines maintained by many radio stations in the United States, especially in the 1960s and 1970s. ... Background Camp Trans is an annual counter-demonstration outside the Michigan Womyns Music Festival by transsexual women and their allies, to protest the Festivals policy of excluding transsexual women from attending. ... Camping next to Drax power station, Selby, Aug 2006 The Camp for Climate Action is a campaign gathering will take place near Heathrow this year from 14th to 21st August 2007 The aim of the camp was to take action against the causes of climate change and to develop ways... The Campaign for Innocent Victims in Conflict (CIVIC) is a small aid organization working in Iraq and Afghanistan to help victims of conflict. ... Campaign for the Accountability of American Bases is a UK grassroots campaign which evolved out of a long protest campaign against the American spybase Menwith Hill near Harrogate, North Yorkshire in 1992. ... Look up Candidate in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Not to be confused with capitol. ... Capital punishment, or the death penalty, is the execution of a convicted criminal by the state as punishment for crimes known as capital crimes or capital offences. ... For other uses, see Capitalism (disambiguation). ... The Carinthian Plebiscite (Slovene Koroški plebiscit, German: Kärntner Volksabstimmung) on October 10, 1920 determined the border between Austria and the newly formed Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later Yugoslavia) after World War I. In particular it divided Carinthia, formerly a province of Austrian-Hungarian Monarchy, in... The Global Carnival against Capital took place on Friday, June 18, 1999. ... Carthaginian Peace refers to a peace brought about through the total destruction of the enemy. ... Cartographic aggression is the term by which the victim country describes any act, in particular the publication of maps or other material by a neighbouring country, which purports to show part of what it perceives as its own territory as belonging to the other country. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Hagbard Celine. ... For other uses, see Censor. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... The Center for Biological Diversity combines conservation biology with litigation, policy advocacy, and an innovative strategic vision to secure a future for animals and plants hovering on the brink of extinction, for the wilderness they need to survive, and by extension for the spiritual welfare of generations to come. ... The Center for Freedom and Prosperity (or CF&P) is a non-profit organisation created to lobby legislators in favour of market liberalisation, particularly with reference to tax competition. ... The references in this article would be clearer with a different and/or consistent style of citation, footnoting or external linking. ... The National Toxicology Program (NTP) and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) established the NTP Center for the Evaluation of Risks to Human Reproduction in 1998 as an environmental health resource to the public and regulatory and health agencies. ... The Central Military Commission (Chinese: 中央军事委员会 pinyin: Zhōngyāng JÅ«nshì WÄ›iyuánhuì ) refers to one of two bodies within the Peoples Republic of China. ... In politics, centrism usually refers to the political ideal of promoting moderate policies which land in the middle ground between different political extremes. ... Many parliaments or other legislatures consist of two chambers: an elected lower house, and an upper house or Senate which may be appointed or elected by a different mechanism from the lower house. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Liberal elite. ... Chānakya (Sanskrit: चाणक्य) (c. ... Allegiance: Maurya Dynasty Rank: Emperor Succeeded by: Bindusara Maurya Reign: 322 BC-298 BC Place of birth: Indian subcontinent Chandragupta Maurya (Sanskrit: चन्द्रगुप्त मौर्य; Romanized Greek: Sandrakottos), whilst often referred to as Sandrakottos outside India, is also known simply as Chandragupta (born c. ... The Chappaquiddick Incident refers to the circumstances surrounding the 1969 death of Mary Jo Kopechne, a campaign worker for the brother of U.S. Senator Edward M. Kennedy of Massachusetts. ... This article needs cleanup. ... Cherokee Citizens of the Cherokee Nation of Diverse Ancestry (2007) The Cherokee Freedmen controversy is an on-going political and tribal dispute among the Cherokee Nation and the Cherokee Freedmen (descendants of the former slaves of Cherokee citizens). ... Child advocacy refers to a range of individuals, professionals and advocacy organizations who promote the optimal development of children. ... China Watcher is a term used to describe a person who monitors news from and about the Peoples Republic of China. ... The term Chinese people may refer to any of the following: A person who resides in and holds citizenship of the Peoples Republic of China (including Hong Kong and Macau) or the Republic of China (Taiwan). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... For other uses, see Christian (disambiguation). ... Christian democracy is a diverse political ideology and movement. ... This article is about a contemporary right wing evangelical campaigning British charity. ... Christian democracy is a diverse political ideology and movement. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The subject of Christian politics is associated to many inter-related articles on Wikipedia. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      Christian socialism generally refers to those... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      Christianity is... The Chronicle of Higher Education is a newspaper that is a source of news, information, and jobs for college and university faculty and administration. ... Ideologies Communist internationals Prominent communists Related subjects The Chuche Idea (also Chuche Sasang or Juche; pronounced // in Korean, approximately joo-cheh) is the official state ideology of North Korea and the political system based on it. ... The separation of church and state is a concept in law whereby the structures of state or national government are kept separate from those of religious institutions. ... For other uses, see Cicero (disambiguation). ... Categories: Possible copyright violations ... Citizen redirects here. ... A city-state is a region controlled exclusively by a city. ... Civil authority is that apparatus of the State other than its military units that enforces law and order. ... Civil libertarian refers to one who is actively concerned with the protection of individual liberty. ... Civil liberties is the name given to freedoms that protect the individual from government. ... In most countries, births, deaths, and marriages are recorded at a government controlled births, deaths and marriages registry office (eg. ... The Roman civil service in action. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Civil society is composed of the totality of voluntary civic and social organizations and institutions that form the basis of a functioning society as opposed to the force-backed structures of a state (regardless of that states political system) and commercial institutions. ... A civil society campaign is one that is intended to mobilize public support and use democratic tools such as lobbying in order to instigate social change. ... Civilian control of the military is a doctrine in military and political science that places ultimate responsibility for a countrys strategic decision-making in the hands of the civilian political leadership, rather than professional military officers. ... For other uses, see Civilization (disambiguation). ... CIRCA at Make Poverty History march in Scotland Clown Army promotional poster. ... The Clare Boothe Luce Policy Institute is a think tank created by Michelle Easton in 1993 in order to serve as a female counterpart to the Young Americas Foundation. ... Clarion call refers to a powerful request for action or an irresistable mandate. ... Class conflict is both the friction that accompanies social relationships between members or groups of different social classes and the underlying tensions or antagonisms which exist in society. ... The South African Police Crush Another Demonstration by the Shack dwellers Movement Abahlali baseMjondolo, 28 September, 2007 Class struggle is the active expression of class conflict looked at from any kind of socialist perspective. ... Classical liberalism (also known as traditional liberalism[1] and laissez-faire liberalism[2]) is a doctrine stressing the importance of human rationality, individual property rights, natural rights, the protection of civil liberties, constitutional limitations of government, free markets, and individual freedom from restraint as exemplified in the writings of Adam... Classical liberalism is a political and economic philosophy, originally founded on the Enlightenment tradition - established by thinkers such as Adam Smith -, as well as on the tradition of a Nordic school of liberalism even slightly before that, set in motion by a Finnish parlamentarian Anders Chydenius. ... A social class is, at its most basic, a group of people that have similar status. ... The Clean Clothes Campaign (CCC) is the garment industrys largest alliance of labour unions and non-governmental organizations. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... The Clergy Letter Project is a signed statement by over 10,000 American Christian clergy of different denominations rejecting creationism with specific reference to points raised by intelligent design proponents. ... In the analysis of voting systems, a clone is an additional candidate who appears as attractive to each voter as an existing candidate. ... A co-option or more often co-optation is an election where members of a committee (or similar group) vote in order to fill a vacancy on that committee or group. ... NAOC Logo The Coalition for Comprehensive Immigration Reform (CCIR), also known as CCIR/NAOC or New American Opportunity Campaign is a non-profit immigrant rights advocacy organization based in Washington, DC, established in 2003 to pass comprehensive immigration reform. ... For other uses, see Coercion (disambiguation). ... Colby College, founded in 1813, is an elite liberal arts college located on Mayflower Hill in Waterville, Maine. ... For other uses, see Cold War (disambiguation). ... The economic theory of collective action is concerned with the provision of public goods (and other collective consumption) through the collaboration of two or more individuals, and the impact of externalities on group behavior. ... For the British Parliamentary discipline, see Collective responsibility Collective Responsibilty is a concept, or doctrine, according to which people are to be held responsible for other peoples actions by tolerating, ignoring, or harboring them, without actively collaborating in these actions. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... The College of William and Mary (also known as William & Mary, W&M or The College) is a small, selective, coeducational public university located in Williamsburg, Virginia, United States. ... It has been suggested that Benign colonialism be merged into this article or section. ... This political term refers more generally to the maintenance of authority with somewhat more distributed decision making. ... The Commercial Club of Chicago is a civic improvement club resulted from the 1907 merger of two predecessor Chicago clubs[1]: the Merchants Club (organized in 1896) and the Commercial Club (organized in 1877). ... A committee is a (relatively) small group that can serve one of several functions: Governance: in organizations too large for all the members to participate in decisions affecting the organization as a whole, a committee (such as a Board of Directors) is given the power to make decisions. ... The Committee of 100 is a Wilmington, Delaware based lobbying group that deals with issues relating to economic development, local finance, and land use policy in the state of Delaware, particularly the northern part of New Castle County. ... Link titleTo, What are the plans and programmes for having transperency in administration and bringing accountability in apex system which may be the major cause of existing crime and corruption in the country and why the leaders ranging from VP Singh tenure to uptill now is failed to achieve it... The commonwealth of World Citizens (later named Mondcivitan Republic after the Esperanto) was initiated by Hugh Schonfield and constituted in 1956. ... In many parts of the world, communalism is a modern term that describes a broad range of social movements and social theories which are in some way centered upon the community. ... In Marxist theory, the commune is a form of political organization adopted during the first phase of communism. ... This article is about the form of society and political movement. ... This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ... Communitarianism as a group of related but distinct philosophies began in the late 20th century, opposing radical individualism, and other similar philosophies while advocating phenomena such as civil society. ... Communities Organized for Public Service (COPS) is a coalition of non-partisan, grassroots community pressure groups based in San Antonio, Texas. ... The Frente del Pueblo en Defensa de La Tierra or Community Front in Defense of Land, was formed in 2002, by residents of San Salvador Atenco, to resist their forced displacement by the government of Mexico, to make way for a new Mexico City Airport. ... Community organizing is a process by which people are brought together to act in common self-interest. ... In communist political theory, communize is a verb meaning to abolish ownership of the means of production, which, in societies dominated by the capitalist mode of production, are owned by individual capitalists, states, or other collective institutions. ... The compact theory is a theory relating to the development of the Constitution of the United States of America. ... Comparative government or comparative politics is a method in political science for obtaining evidence of causal effects by comparing the varying forms of government in the world, and the states they govern, although governments across different periods of history may also be the units of comparison. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Comparative politics is a subfield of political science, characterized by an empirical approach based on the comparative method. ... The Competitiveness Policy Council was an independent federal advisory committee chartered in 1988 to advise the President and the Congress on more effective policies to promote U.S. competitiveness. ... Compulsory purchase order is a legal function in the United Kingdom. ... Compulsory voting is a practice that requires citizens to vote in elections or to attend a polling place to get their name crossed off the electoral roll. ... In politics, a concession is the act of a losing candidate publicly yielding to a winning candidate after an election, when the overall result of the vote has become clear. ... Ralph Naders Concord Principles [1] were offered in 1992 as an invitation to the Presidential candidates to improve civic dialogue and the democratic institutions of the U.S. They are written as 10 pleas intended to avert a trend of corporatism in government, plutocratic influence, banal sloganistic elections, power... Concurrent majority refers in general to the concept of balancing majority and minority interests through limited government. ... In international law, a condominium is a territory in which two sovereign powers have equal rights. ... The Conference of Socialist Economists (CSE) describes itself as an international, democratic membership organisation committed to developing a materialist critique of capitalism, unconstrained by conventional academic divisions between subjects. ... In a parliamentary democracy confidence and supply are required for a government to hold power. ... Confucius (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Kung-fu-tzu), lit. ... Look up Congress in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The Congress of Vienna was a conference between ambassadors, from the major powers in Europe that was chaired by the Austrian statesman Klemens Wenzel von Metternich and held in Vienna, Austria, from November 1, 1814, to June 8, 1815. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Consent of the governed is a political theory stating that a governments legitimacy and moral right to use state power is, or ought to be, derived from the people or society over which that power is exercised. ... Conservatism is a term used to describe political philosophies that favor tradition and gradual change, where tradition refers to religious, cultural, or nationally defined beliefs and customs. ... Conservatism in the United States comprises a constellation of political ideologies including fiscal conservatism, free market or economic liberalism, social conservatism,[1] bioconservatism and religious conservatism,[2][3] as well as support for a strong military,[4] small government and promotion of states rights. ... The Consistent Life Ethic is an ethical, religious, and political ideology based on the premise that human life is sacred. ... In a political sense, conspiracy refers to a group of persons united in the goal of usurping or overthrowing an established political power. ... A constituency is any cohesive corporate unit or body bound by shared structures, goals or loyalty. ... A constituent is someone who can or does appoint or elect (and often by implication can also remove or recall) another as his agent or representative. ... Constituent countries is a phrase used, often by official institutions, in contexts in which a number of countries make up a larger entity or grouping, concerning these countries; thus the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has used the phrase in reference to the parts of former Yugoslavia... Constituent State: Term given to a state that is part of a larger political entity. ... hi:Alternative meaning: Constitutional convention (political custom) this is random:Alternative meaning: Constitutional convention (political custom) A constitutional convention is a gathering of delegates for the purpose of writing a new constitution or revising an existing constitution. ... A constitutional crisis is a severe breakdown in the smooth operation of government. ... A Constitutional dictatorship, is when a nations constitution allows for usually a single person to have absolute authority over all branches of government. ... Constitutional patriotism is a concept associated with the German philosopher Jürgen Habermas. ... Constitutionalism is the limitation of government by law. ... See also: consulate (disambiguation). ... Consumarchy is a form of social organization that is posed in contrast with consumerist capitalism. ... Consumer organizations are organizations that seek to protect people from corporate abuse. ... Which?, until September 2004 known also as the Consumers Association, is a consumer rights organisation in the UK, founded in 1957 by Michael Young. ... Consumers Research is a non-profit organization established in 1927 by Stuart Chase (1888-1985) and Frederick J. Schlink (1891-1995), after the success of their book Your Moneys Worth: A study in the waste of the Consumers Dollar galvanized interest in testing products on behalf of consumers. ... In many jurisdictions governed by a Parliament, Contempt of Parliament is the crime of obstructing the Parliament in the carrying out of its functions, or of hindering any Member of Parliament in the performance of his or her duties. ... Contentious politics is the use of disruptive techniques to make a political point, or to change government policy. ... Continental Europe, also referred to as mainland Europe or simply the Continent, is the continent of Europe, explicitly excluding European islands and, at times, peninsulas. ... This article, image, template or category should belong in one or more categories. ... This article lists various controversies related to Islam and Muslims. ... Coordination failure is the electoral problem resulting from competition between two or more candidates or political parties from the same or approximate location in the political ideological spectrum or space against an opposing candidate or political party from the other side of the political ideological spectrum or space. ... Cornelius Castoriadis (Greek: Κορνήλιος Καστοριάδης) (March 11, 1922-December 26, 1997) was a Greek-French philosopher, economist and psychoanalyst. ... This article is about the liberal arts college in Mount Vernon, Iowa. ... Cornell redirects here. ... National capitalism or corporate nationalism is a political and economic philosophy that expects private enterprise to work mainly towards the national good, rather than solely for profit maximization. ... Corporate welfare is a pejorative term, first coined by Ralph Nader in 1956, describing a governments bestowal of grants and/or tax breaks on corporations or other special favorable treatment from the government. ... For other uses, see Corporation (disambiguation). ... The Corrective Revolution (Arabic: الثورة التصحيحية) is an expression used by some self-described revolutionary governments, to describe an internal political or bureaucratic power struggle, and also to indicate continued adherence to the ideals of an earlier revolution despite the overthrow of its previous leadership and/or major policy changes. ... Cosmopolitanism is the idea that all of humanity belongs to a single moral community. ... Logo The Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR) is an advocacy group for Muslims in North America; its professed goals are to enhanc[e] understanding of Islam, promot[e] justice and empower American Muslims. ... Counter-recruitment is a strategy often taken up to oppose war. ... Counter-terrorism refers to the practices, tactics, and strategies that governments, militaries, and other groups adopt in order to fight terrorism. ... CountyWatch is a direct action group in the United Kingdom that was set up in 2004 to remove what they consider to be wrongly-placed county boundary signs that do not mark the historical or traditional county boundaries of England and Wales. ... A County Executive is the title assigned to a person hired to run the day to day operations of a county. ... Craftivism is a form of activism, typically for social justice or environmentalism, that is centred around practices of craft - especially handicrafts. ... Crisis management is the systematic attempt to avoid organizational crises or to manage those crises events that do occur (Pearson & Clair, 1998). ... Main International Relations Theories Politics Portal This box:      Critical international relations theory is a set of schools of thought in international relations (IR) that have criticized the status-quo—both from positivist positions as well as postpositivist positions. ... fuck fuck fuck you!!!!!! This article is about criticism of, and arguments against debt. ... Though the Council on American-Islamic Relations has received public recognition and endorsement by prominent public figures, including President George W. Bush and House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, high-ranking members of CAIR have taken stances that many critics say belie its self-portrayal as a moderate organization dedicated to... Although highly controversial at various points in history, representative democracy (and electoral systems in general) have become the modern civics global-standard. ... Criticisms of socialism range from disagreements over the efficiency of socialist economic and political models, to condemnation of states described by themselves or others as socialist. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... An anti-capitalist poster printed by the Industrial Workers of the World in 1911. ... Crosby, Stills & Nash, also Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young when including occasional fourth member Neil Young, are a folk rock/rock supergroup. ... Cross-Cultural Studies is a specialization in Anthropology that uses field data from many societies to examine the scope of human behavior and test hypotheses about human behavior and culture. ... A cult of personality or personality cult arises when a countrys leader uses mass media to create a larger-than-life public image through unquestioning flattery and praise. ... Cultural hegemony is a concept coined by Marxist philosopher Antonio Gramsci. ... For other uses, see Culture (disambiguation). ... Culture jamming is the act of transforming existing mass media to produce commentary about itself, using the original mediums communication method. ... This politics-related article is a stub. ... Cyberpolitics is the use of the Internet for political activity. ...

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DIY culture - Daniel Mark Siegel - Daniel Patrick Moynihan - Dartmouth College - De Maistre - Deanie Frazier - Debate - Debeaking - Declarationism - Declassification - Deduction - Deep politics - Defective by Design - Definitional concerns in anarchist theory - Delegate model of representation - Delegated voting - Delegation - Deliberative democracy - Demand management - Demarchy - Democracy - Democracy Day (United States) - Democracy Watch (International) - Democracy building - Democracy in Marxism - Democracy in the Middle East - Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee - Democratic Socialists of America - Democratic World Federalists - Democratic empire - Democratic peace theory - Democratic socialism - Democratic structuring - Democratic transhumanism - Democrats for Life (book) - Demonstration (people) - Demos (U.S. think tank) - Demzilla - Denialism - Dependent territory - Deposition (politics) - Designated Suppliers Program - Detournement - Dialectic - Diaspora politics - Dichotomy - Differences between Democratic Socialism and Social Democracy - Digital era governance - Digital object identifier - Diplomacy - Direct Action and Democracy Today - Direct action - Direct democracy - Direct rule - Dirty subsidy - Disability Determination Services - Disarm bush - Disarmament - Dissent! (network) - Distributism - Divided regions - Divine Right of Kings - Dominant-party system - Downhill Battle - Downsize DC Foundation - Drug policy - Drug policy reform - Dual loyalty - Dual mandate - Dual power - Duumviracy - Dyke March - Dykes on Bikes - Main articles: DIY ethic and Do it yourself DIY (or Do It Yourself) culture is a broad term used to refer to a wide range of grassroots political activism. ... Daniel Mark Siegel, known as Dan Siegel, was a student activist at UC Berkeley in the 1960s and 1970s. ... Daniel Patrick “Pat” Moynihan (March 16, 1927 – March 26, 2003) was a United States Senator, Ambassador, and eminent sociologist. ... Dartmouth College is a private, coeducational university located in Hanover, New Hampshire, USA. Incorporated as Trustees of Dartmouth College,[6][7] it is a member of the Ivy League and one of the nine colonial colleges founded before the American Revolution. ... Joseph de Maistre (1753- February 26, 1821) was a French writer, who was one of the most influential spokesmen for a counter-revolutionary and authoritarian conservatism, in the period following the French Revolution. ... Debate (North American English) or debating (British English) is a formal method of interactive and position representational argument. ... Debeaking, also known as beak trimming, is a process by which parts of the beak of a chicken or turkey are trimmed. ... Declarationism is a legal philosophy that incorporates the United States Declaration of Independence into the body of case law on level with the United States Constitution. ... Declassification is the process of documents that formerly were classified becoming available to the public. ... Look up deduction in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Deep politics is a phrase coined by researcher and academic Peter Dale Scott, which he describes thus; “My notion of deep politics… posits that in every culture and society there are facts which tend to be suppressed collectively, because of the social and psychological costs of not doing so. ... Logo of Defective by Design Advocacy poster Defective by Design is an anti-digital restrictions management (DRM) initiative by the Free Software Foundation. ... Theory and practice Issues History Culture By region Lists Related Anarchism Portal Politics Portal ·        The political theories collectively known as anarchism encompass not only a range of individual schools, but also a considerable divergence in the use of some key terms. ... What is it? The delegate model of representation is a model of a representative democracy. ... Delegated Voting is a proposed solution to the problem of how to combine expertise with grassroot influence in democracy. ... Delegation is the handing of a task over to another person, usually a subordinate. ... Deliberative democracy, also sometimes called discursive democracy, is a term used by political theorists, e. ... Demand Management is the art or science of controlling economic demand to avoid a recession. ... Elections Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Demarchy is a term that describes a political system based on randomly selected groups of decision makers, also known as sortition. ... Democracy Day is the tentative name of a proposed federal holiday in the United States. ... Democracy Watch (International) is a service organization founded in 2003, based out of Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA with offices in the Washington D.C., area. ... Democracy building is the process of building and strengthening democracy, in particular the consolidation of democratic institutions, including courts of law, police forces and constitutions. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee (DSOC) was founded in 1973 by the bulk of those members of the Socialist Party of America who opposed the partys takeover by the followers of Max Shachtman. ... Democratic Socialists of America (DSA) is the largest socialist organization in the United States and the principal U.S. affiliate of the Socialist International, a federation of socialist, social democratic and labour parties and organizations. ... // Democratic World Federalists, a San-Francisco-based civil society organization with supporters worldwide, advocates a democratic federal system of world government in order to end war and crimes against humanity and to promote “a just world community and the preservation of a livable and healthful global environment” through the development... A democratic empire refers to a political state which conducts its internal affairs democratically (i. ... The democratic peace theory, liberal peace theory,[1] or simply the democratic peace is a theory and related empirical research in international relations, political science, and philosophy which holds that democracies — usually, liberal democracies — never or almost never go to war with one another. ... Democratic socialism advocates socialism as a basis for the economy and democracy as a governing principle. ... The principles of democratic structuring were defined by ((Jo Freeman]] in The Tyranny of Structurelessness, 1970, Berkeley Journal of Sociology. ... Democratic transhumanism, a term coined by Dr. James Hughes in 2002, refers to the stance of transhumanists (humanists who support morphological freedom and the ethical use of human enhancement technologies) who espouse liberal, social or radical democratic political views. ... Democrats for Life: Pro-Life Politics and the Silenced Majority is a 2006 book by Kristen Day, Executive Director of Democrats for Life of America. ... For other uses, see Demonstration. ... Demos: A Network for Ideas & Action is a U.S. based research and policy center that was founded in 2000. ... Denialism is a term used to describe the position of governments, business groups, interest groups or individuals who reject propositions that are strongly supported by scientific or historical evidence and seek to influence policy processes and outcomes accordingly. ... World map of dependent territories. ... Deposition by political means concerns the removal of a politician. ... In detournement, an artist reuses elements of well-known media to create a new work with a different message, often one opposed to the original. ... In classical philosophy, dialectic (Greek: διαλεκτική) is controversy, Viz. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with identity politics. ... A dichotomy is a division into two non-overlapping or mutually exclusive and jointly exhaustive parts. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... In the public administration debate about new public management or NPM, the concept of digital era governance (or DEG) is claimed by Patrick Dunleavy, Helen Margetts and their co-authors as replacing NPM since around 2000-05. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... This article is about negotiations. ... For the Canadian urban guerrilla group Direct Action, see Squamish Five. ... Direct democracy, classically termed pure democracy,[1] comprises a form of democracy and theory of civics wherein sovereignty is lodged in the assembly of all citizens who choose to participate. ... Direct Rule is the term given to the running of the day-to-day administration of Northern Ireland directly from Westminster. ... pollution credits, sometimes called pollution permits or pollution certificates are pollution rights as used in emissions trading. ... Disarmament means the act of reducing or depriving arms i. ... Dissent! is the name taken for an international network of local groups, organising to oppose the G8 meeting which will take place in July 2005 in Scotland. ... Distributism, also known as distributionism and distributivism, is a third-way economic philosophy formulated by such Roman Catholic thinkers as G. K. Chesterton and Hilaire Belloc to apply the principles of social justice articulated by the Roman Catholic Church, especially in Pope Leo XIIIs encyclical Rerum Novarum[1] and... The Divine Right of Kings is a European political and religious doctrine of political absolutism. ... Political parties Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A dominant-party system, or one party dominant system, is a party system where only one political party can realistically become the government, by itself or in a coalition government. ... Downhill Battle is a non-profit organization based in Worcester, Massachusetts (Their wabsite is currently down, as of OCT. 26 at 8:25 PM). ... Downsize DC (formerly known as the American Liberty Foundation) is an organization which aims to limit the size of government in the United States through awareness and petitioning government. ... For present-day attempts since 1971 to enforce drug prohibition in the U.S., see War on Drugs. ... Relative harm assessment of various drugs from the scientific Journal The Lancet Drug policy reform is a term used to describe proposed changes to the way most governments respond to the socio-cultural reality of psychoactive substance use. ... Dual loyalty is a term used in political discussions to describe, a situation where a person has loyalty to two separate interests which potentially conflict with each other. ... To have a dual mandate is a term used for a person who has been elected to two different bodies with different competencies, for example being a member of both a national legislature, and of a local authority. ... Dual power is a concept first articulated in an article by Lenin, The Dual Power, (dvoevlastie) which described a situation in the wake of the February Revolution in which two powers, the workers councils (or Soviets, particularly the Petrograd Soviet) and the official state apparatus of the Provisional Government coexisted... Duumviracy is rule by two people, as with the consuls of the early Roman Republic and, perhaps, among the Black Numenoreans of J.R.R. Tolkiens Middle-earth legendarium. ... A Dyke March is an all lesbian and/or bisexual gathering, much like a gay pride parade. ... Dykes On Bikes lead the 2005 San Francisco Pride parade, the contingent has hundreds of motorized bikes, many of which are decorated for the event. ...

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E. J. 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Josey E. J. Josey is an American activist and librarian. ... Early voting, or vote banking, not to be confused with absentee voting, allows a voter to cast a ballot in front of an elections official before the official poll date. ... Earthlings is a 2005 multi-award winning documentary written, produced and directed by Shaun Monson and co-produced by Persia White. ... East Gosforth also known as Gosforth East is an electoral ward in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Tyne and Wear. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... Eco-socialism or Green socialism is an ideology fusing Green movement values with socialism. ... Ecodefense: The Ethics of Monkeywrenching is a book edited by Dave Foreman, published by Abbzug Press, Third Edition. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... The economic calculation problem is a criticism of socialist economics. ... Economic interventionism is a term used to describe activity undertaken by a central government to affect a countrys economy in an attempt to increase economic growth and/or standards of living. ... Economic libertarianism is the doctrine that government should not engage in economic interventionism, but only prohibit force and fraud. ... Face-to-face trading interactions on the New York Stock Exchange trading floor. ... Ecotage is the commission of usually illegal acts of sabotage motivated by environmentalism, including the prevention of ecocide. ... Edmund Burke (January 12, 1729[1] – July 9, 1797) was an Anglo-Irish statesman, author, orator, political theorist, and philosopher, who served for many years in the British House of Commons as a member of the Whig party. ... Education Otherwise is a UK-based charity which provides support and information for families whose children are being educated outside school, and for those who wish to uphold the freedom of families to take proper responsibility for the education of their children. ... Education policy refers to the collection of rules, both stated and implicit, or the regularities in practice that govern the behavior of persons in schools. ... Education reform is a plan or movement which attempts to bring about a systematic change in educational theory or practice across a community or society. ... Egalitarianism (derived from the French word égal, meaning equal or level) is a political doctrine that holds that all people should be treated as equals from birth. ... Egalitarianism as a Revolt Against Nature and Other Essays represents some of Murray Rothbards most advanced and radical theorizing on topics impacting on human liberty. ... This article is about the political process. ... This article is about the 1999 film Election. ... Election Day in the United Kingdom is by tradition a Thursday, but the date for general elections is not fixed by law. ... Election Day Registration, also known as same-day voter registration, permits eligible citizens to register and vote on Election Day. ... Election Administration is the term used to denote the steps which are undertaken when organizing an election. ... An election judge (or poll worker in some states) is an official responsible for the proper and orderly voting in local precincts. ... Election law is a discipline falling at the juncture of constitutional law and political science. ... Election monitoring is the observing of an election by non-partisan, usually international observers. ... An election surprise (also a pre-election surprise, or, in the U.S., October surprise, where elections are held on the first Tuesday of November) is an event which occurs preceding an election which has enough shock value that it may be able to sway voters in close elections. ... An election is a decision making process whereby people vote for preferred political candidates or parties to act as representatives in government. ... An elector can be: In the Holy Roman Empire of German Nation, the collegiate of seven Electors (eight since 1648) (Kurfürsten) consisted of those lay or clerical princes who had the right to vote in the election of the king or Holy Roman Emperor; see prince-elector. ... The Electoral Reform Society is a campaign group based in the UK which promotes electoral reform. ... This article is about Electoral Colleges in general. ... Electoral fusion is an arrangement where two or more political parties support a common candidate, pooling the votes for all those parties. ... Electoral reform projects seek to change the way that public desires are reflected in elections through electoral systems. ... Electoralism is a term first used by Terry Karl, professor of political science at Stanford University, to describe a half-way transition from authoritarian rule toward democratic rule. ... In politics, an electorate is the group of people entitled to vote in an election. ... Electronic civil disobedience, also known as ECD or cyber civil disobedience, can refer to any type of civil disobedience in which the participants use information technology to carry out their actions. ... Electronic Politics refers to the use of Internet and PC techonology in the field of politics. ... Elitism is the belief or attitude that the people who are considered to be the elite — a selected group of persons with outstanding personal abilities, wealth, specialised training or experience, or other distinctive attributes — are the people whose views on a matter are to be taken the most seriously, or... Elitism is a belief or attitude that an elite — a selected group of persons whose personal abilities, specialized training or other attributes place them at the top of any field (see below) — are the people whose views on a matter are to be taken most seriously, or who are alone... Emerging nation is the term given to a large number of newly independent African, Middle Eastern, and Asian nations in the 1960s. ... A central concept in science and the scientific method is that all evidence must be empirical, or empirically based, that is, dependent on evidence or consequences that are observable by the senses. ... In philosophy generally, empiricism is a theory of knowledge emphasizing the role of experience, especially sensory perception, in the formation of ideas, while discounting the notion of innate ideas. ... This article is about work. ... An enabling act is a piece of legislation by which a legislature grants an entity which depends on it for authorization or legitimacy to take a certain action(s). ... This cites very few or no references or sources. ... Energy security, or security of supply, is a key component of energy policy in many countries. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... The historic Blue Marble photograph, which helped bring environmentalism to the public eye. ... Theory of knowledge redirects here: for other uses, see theory of knowledge (disambiguation) According to Plato, knowledge is a subset of that which is both true and believed Epistemology or theory of knowledge is the branch of philosophy that studies the nature, methods, limitations, and validity of knowledge and belief. ... Equality before the law or equality under the law or legal egalitarianism is the principle under which each individual is subject to the same laws, with no individual or group having special legal privileges. ... Equal opportunity is a descriptive term for an approach intended to give equal access to an environment or benefits, such as education, employment, health care, or social welfare to all, often with emphasis on members of various social groups which might have at some time suffered from discrimination. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Eric Hoffer (July 25, 1898 – May 21, 1983) was an American social writer. ... Eskalera Karakola is a squat in Madrid, which is held by feminists and works on autogestion principles. ... Ethical challenges to autism treatment have been made by people who feel that autism therapies intended to be helpful are actually harmful to autistic people. ... For other uses, see Ethics (disambiguation). ... Ethnic nationalism is the form of nationalism in which the state derives political legitimacy from historical cultural or hereditary groupings (ethnicities); the underlying assumption is that ethnicities should be politically distinct. ... Ethnopluralism is a view in modern far right politics. ... The correct title of this article is . ... A statue of Euripides. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... An exclusive mandate refers to a governments assertion as the only legitimate authority over a certain territory, although in fact one (or more) other government(s) control part of the territory with stable, de facto sovereignty. ... In political science and constitutional law, the executive is the branch of government responsible for the day-to-day management of the state. ... The executive is the branch of a government charged with implementing, or executing, the law and running the day-to-day affairs of the government or state. ... The presidential seal was used by Rutherford B. Hayes in 1880 and last modified in 1959 by adding the 50th star for Hawaii. ... Under the doctrine of the separation of powers, the executive is the branch of a government charged with implementing, or executing, the law. ... An exit poll is a poll of voters taken immediately after they have exited the polling stations. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Expansionist Nationalism is a radical form of nationalism that incorporates autonomous, patriotic sentiments with a belief in expansionism. ...

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Free market - Free migration - Free the Old Head of Kinsale - Freedom (political) - Freedom Center Western Massachusetts - Freedom of speech - Freedom of the press - French Constitution of 1793 - French Constitution of 1795 - French Directory - French Fifth Republic - French Revolution - French Senate - Front-runner - Fu Xiancai - Fudgie Frottage - Full slate - Functionalism in international relations - Funky Dragon - The 2004 documentary film Fahrenheit 9/11, generated substantial controversy and criticism after its release shortly before the U.S. presidential election, 2004. ... Look up Family in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Fanorama issue #27, which came with 3-D glasses Fanorama (a. ... Fantasy Congress is an online fantasy simulation sport where players, called citizens, draft members of the United States House and Senate, and keep track of their participation within the U.S. Congress. ... The Jewish National Workers Alliance or Farband was an early Yiddish-speaking labor Zionist movement in North America. ... A farley file is a set of records kept by politicians on people they have met previously. ... The Fasci Siciliani (1891-1894) was a popular movement, of democratic and socialist inspiration, which arose in Sicily between the years 1891 and 1893 and whose aim was the collective organization of farmers, workers and miners, especially in the areas rich with sulphur. ... Fascio (plural: fasci) is an Italian language word which was used in the late 19th century to refer to radical political groups of many different (and sometimes opposing) orientations. ... Fascism is an authoritarian political ideology (generally tied to a mass movement) that considers individual and other societal interests subordinate to the interests of the state. ... This article discusses regimes and movements that are alleged to have been either fascist or sympathetic to fascism. ... Fascism (in Italian, fascismo), capitalized, was the authoritarian political movement which ruled Italy from 1922 to 1943 under the leadership of Benito Mussolini. ... Father of the House is a term that has by tradition been unofficially bestowed on certain members of some national legislatures, most notably the House of Commons in the United Kingdom. ... Look up Favorite in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... For theological federalism, see Covenant Theology. ... Feminists redirects here. ... Ferdowsi Tousi (فردوسی طوسی in Persian) (more commonly transliterated Firdausi, Ferdosi or Ferdusi) (935–1020) is considered to be one of the greatest Persian poets to have ever lived. ... Fernand Brouez: (b. ... Jean de la Barriere, who had obtained the Cistercian abbey of the Fenillans, near Toulouse, at the age of nineteen, by favour of the strange abuses that had become prevalent in the church of France, now caused himself to be consecrated regular abbot (in 1577), and received novices, with whom... The fifth power, as a continuation of the series that begins with the three classical powers or branches of Montesquieus separation of powers (being the media a fourth power), can be understood since two points of wiev: The power exerted by governments in the economic sphere, thorough public sector... FireHollywood The groups former logo, as Patriotic Americans Boycotting Anti-American Hollywood FireHollywood, originally named Patriotic Americans Boycotting Anti-American Hollywood (or PABAAH) is a U.S. nationalist-conservative organization that calls for the boycott of Hollywood films made by film makers who have made statements deemed by the... The Fire By Night Organizing Committee was a short-lived organization made up of most of the members of the New York City and San Francisco branches of the Love and Rage Revolutionary Anarchist Federation after its dissolution in 1998. ... Fiscal conservatism (also known as economic liberalism) is a term used in the United States to refer to economic and political policy that advocates restraint of government taxation, government expenditures and deficits, and government debt. ... Five-point electoral law, of five-adjectives election, refers to the elections thet are: universal direct equal propotional anonymous (secret ballot) [1] Categories: | ... A Fixed-term election is an election that occurs on a set date, and cannot be changed by the incumbent politician. ... The foco theory of communist revolution by way of guerrilla warfare, also known as focalism (Spanish language: foquismo), was developed by Ernesto Che Guevara, based upon his experiences surrounding Fidel Castros 1959 victory in the Cuban Revolution. ... Folkhemmet, meaning the Peoples Home, as the idea of the Social Democratic welfare state played an important part in Sweden during the 20th Century. ... Food politics are the political aspects of the production, control, regulation, inspection and distribution of food. ... A countrys foreign policy is a set of political goals that seeks to outline how that particular country will interact with other countries of the world and, to a lesser extent, non-state actors. ... Foreign policy analysis (FPA) is the systematic study of and research into the processes and theories of foreign policy. ... Anthem Aiaaira Capital Sukhumi Official languages Abkhaz, Russian1 Government  -  President Sergei Bagapsh  -  Prime Minister Alexander Ankvab De facto independence from Georgia  -  Declared 23 July 1992   -  Recognition none  Currency Russian ruble (RUB) Russian has co-official status and widespread use by government and other institutions. ... The foreign relations of Afghanistan, like those of any country, have changed along with the political, sociological, and economic state of the various parts of Afghanistan. ... Albanian foreign policy has concentrated on maintaining good relations with its Balkan neighbors, gaining access to European-Atlantic security institutions, and securing close ties with the United States. ... Algeria has traditionally practiced an activist foreign policy and in the 1960s and 1970s was noted for its support of Third World policies and independence movements. ... Since the establishment of sovereignty with the ratification of the constitution in 1993, Andorra has moved to become an active member of the international community. ... From 1975 to 1989, Angola was aligned with the Eastern bloc, in particular the Soviet Union and Cuba. ... Alternative meaning: Anguilla is a genus of freshwater eel (sole genus in the family Anguillidae). ... Antigua and Barbuda maintains diplomatic relations with the United States, Canada the United Kingdom, and the Peoples Republic of China, as well as with many Latin American countries and neighboring Eastern Caribbean states. ... This article deals with the diplomatic affairs, foreign policy and international relations of Argentina. ... Armenias foreign relationships vary from close (with countries like Russia, France, and Greece) to bitter (with countries like Turkey and Azerbaijan). ... The Netherlands Antilles conducts foreign affairs primarily through the Dutch government, however, Aruba has strong relations with other Caribbean governments. ... RG Casey House, Canberra, is the headquarters of the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, the department responsible for the formulation and enactment of Australian foreign policy. ... The 1955 Austrian State Treaty ended the four-power occupation and recognized Austria as an independent and sovereign state. ... Azerbaijan is a member of the United Nations; the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe; NATOs Partnership for Peace; Euro-Atlantic Partnership; World Health Organization; CFE Treaty member state; the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development; the Council of Europe; the Community of Democracies; the International Monetary Fund... Bahrain plays a modest, moderating role in regional politics and adheres to the views of the Arab League on Middle East peace and Palestinian rights. ... Bangladesh pursues a moderate foreign policy that places heavy reliance on multinational diplomacy, especially at the United Nations. ... As a small nation, the primary thrust of Barbados diplomatic activity has been within international organizations. ... Under an arrangement with the former USSR, Belarus (known as Byelorussian SSR) was an original member of the United Nations. ... The Concert of Europe sanctioned the creation of Belgium in 1830 on the condition that the country remain strictly neutral. ... Belizes principal external concern has been the dispute involving the Guatemalan claim to Belizean territory. ... After seizing power in 1972, Major Mathieu Kerekou declared Benin a Marxist-Leninist state and sought financial support from communist governments in Eastern Europe and Asia. ... This article is about the island of Bermuda. ... Foreign Relations of Bhutan // Main article: Suzerainty#Bhutan Peoples Republic of Bangladesh; in Thimphu, Bhutan Canada through the Canadian Cooperation Office [1] as a conduit; in Thimphu, Bhutan Republic of India; in Thimphu, Bhutan Republic of India; in Puntsholing, Bhutan United Nations; in Thimphu, Bhutan See also Bhutanese diplomatic... Bolivia traditionally has maintained normal diplomatic relations with all hemispheric states except Chile. ... The implementation of the Dayton Accords of 1995 has focused the efforts of policymakers in Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as the international community, on regional stabilization in the former Yugoslavia. ... Botswana has put a premium on economic and political integration in southern Africa. ... Lula da Silva and George W. Bush Brazil is a significant political and economical power in Latin America, but deep-seated social and economic problems have kept it from realizing its goal of becoming a truly global leader. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Bulgaria has generally good relations with its neighbors and has proved to be a constructive force in the region under socialist and democratic governments alike. ... Burkina Faso has excellent relations with European--including the European Union--North African, and Asian countries, which are all active development partners. ... Burma (also known as Myanmar) remains a pariah state to several nations due mainly to its human rights record. ... Burundis relations with its neighbors have often been affected by security concerns. ... The RCG has established diplomatic relations with most countries, including the United States. ... Cameroons noncontentious, low-profile approach to foreign relations puts it squarely in the middle of other African and developing country states on major issues. ... Regions Political culture Foreign relations Other countries Atlas  Politics Portal      // The British North American colonies which today constitute modern Canada had little control over their foreign affairs until the achievement of responsible government in the late 1840s. ... Cape Verde follows a policy of nonalignment and seeks cooperative relations with all friendly states. ... Chad is officially non-aligned but has close relations with France, the former colonial power, and other members of the Western community. ... Since its return to democracy in 1990, Chile has been an active participant in the international political arena. ... For information about the foreign relations of China, see: Foreign relations of Imperial China Foreign relations of the Peoples Republic of China (Mainland China) Foreign relations of Hong Kong Foreign relations of Macau Category: ... Colombia seeks diplomatic and commercial relations with all countries, regardless of their ideologies or political or economic systems. ... In November 1975, Comoros became the 143d member of the United Nations. ... Costa Rica is an active member of the international community and, in 1993, claimed it was for neutrality. ... // Croatian foreign policy has focused on greater Euro-Atlantic integration, mainly entering the European Union and NATO. In order to gain access to European and trans-Atlantic institutions, it has had to undo many negative effects of the breakup of Yugoslavia and the war that ensued, and improve and maintain... Cubas once-ambitious foreign policy has been scaled back and redirected as a result of economic hardship after the collapse of the Soviet bloc. ... Cyprus has historically followed a non-aligned foreign policy, although it increasingly identifies with the West in its cultural affinities and trade patterns, and maintains close relations with Greece. ... Throughout the Cold War, Côte dIvoires foreign policy was generally favorable toward the West. ... Danish foreign policy is founded upon four cornerstones: the United Nations, NATO, the EU, and Nordic cooperation. ... Djiboutis military and economic agreements with France provide continued security and economic assistance. ... Like its Eastern Caribbean neighbors, the main priority of Dominicas foreign relations is economic development. ... East Timor being a new country has begun to intiate foreign relations with the rest of the global community. ... Ecuador always has placed great emphasis on multilateral approaches to international problems. ... Egypts foreign policy operates along a non-aligned level. ... El Salvador is a member of the United Nations and several of its specialized agencies, the Organization of American States (OAS), the Central American Common Market (CACM), the Central American Parliament (PARLACEN), and the Central American Integration System (SICA). ... A transitional agreement, signed in October 1968, implemented a Spanish preindependence decision to assist Equatorial Guinea and provided for the temporary maintenance of Spanish forces there. ... Eritrea is a member in good standing of the Organization of African Unity (OAU). ... Following restoration of independence from the Soviet Union, Estonias immediate priority was the withdrawal of Russian (formerly Soviet) forces from Estonian territory. ... Ethiopia was relatively isolated from major movements of world politics until the 1895 and 1935 Italian invasions. ... The politics of Europe deals with the continually evolving politics within the continent. ... Fiji has had many coups recently, in 1987, 2000 and 2006. ... Finland’s basic foreign policy goal, from the end of the Continuation War with the U.S.S.R. in 1944 until 1991, was to avoid great-power conflicts and to build mutual confidence with the Soviet Union. ... A charter member of the United Nations, France holds one of the permanent seats in the Security Council and is a member of most of its specialized and related agencies. ... Disputes - international: Suriname claims area between Riviere Litani and Riviere Marouini (both headwaters of the Lawa) Illicit drugs: small amount of marijuana grown for local consumption; minor transshipment point to Europe See also French Guiana Categories: French Guiana | Politics stubs ... Gabon has followed a non-aligned policy, advocating dialogue in international affairs and recognizing both parts of divided countries. ... The Federal Republic of Germany is a Central European country and member of the European Union, Group of 8 and NATO (among others). ... Ghana is active in the United Nations and many of its specialized agencies, the World Trade Organization, the Nonaligned Movement, the Organization of African Unity (OAU), and the Economic Community of West African States. ... Motto: Nulli Expugnabilis Hosti (Latin: Conquered By No Enemy) Languages English (official), an English-influenced Spanish dialect called Llanito is also spoken Capital (Gibraltar) Coordinates 36° 07 N, 5° 21 W Governor and Commander-in-Chief Sir Francis Richards Chief Minister Peter Caruana Area  - Total  - % water not ranked (192 if... Greece was elected by the United Nations General Assembly to the United Nations Security Council, on 15 October 2004 , as a non-permanent member for 2005 and 2006. ... Being part of the Kingdom of Denmark, the foreign relations of Greenland are handled i cooperation between the danish goverment and greenlandic home rule authority. ... ... Guatemalas major diplomatic interests are regional security and, increasingly, regional development and economic integration. ... Guineas relations with other countries, including with West African neighbors, have improved steadily since 1985. ... The Republic of Guinea-Bissau follows a nonaligned foreign policy and seeks friendly and cooperative relations with a wide variety of states and organizations. ... After independence in 1966, Guyana sought an influential role in international affairs, particularly among Third World and nonaligned nations. ... Haiti is one of the original members of the United Nations and several of its specialized and related agencies, as well as a member of the Organization of American States (OAS). ... Honduras is a member of the United Nations, the World Trade Organization (WTO), the Organization of American States (OAS), the Central American Parliament (PARLACEN), the Central American Integration System (SICA), and the Central American Security Commission (CASQ). ... Hong Kongs diplomatic relations and defence are the responsibility of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Except for the short-lived neutrality declared by Imre Nagy in November 1956, Hungarys foreign policy generally followed the Soviet lead from 1947 to 1989. ... Iceland maintains diplomatic and commercial relations with practically all nations, but its ties with other Nordic states, with the US, and with the other NATO nations are particularly close. ... The Republic of India, the second most populous country and one of the fastest growing economies in the world, is considered as a major power and a potential superpower. ... The neutrality of this article is disputed. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This article is in need of attention. ... The Republic of Ireland is involved in a number of outstanding international disputes. ... The State of Israel joined the United Nations on May 11, 1949. ... This article describes the foreign relations of Italy. ... Jamaica has diplomatic relations with most nations and is a member of the United Nations and the Organization of American States. ... Since the surrender after World War II and the return to the international community by the Treaty of San Francisco, Japanese diplomatic policy have been based on close partnership with the United States and the emphasis on the international cooperation such as the United Nations. ... hi wutcha doinrelations of Jordan have consistently followed a pro-Western foreign policy and traditionally Jordan has had close relations with thecall 4216201States]] and the United Kingdom. ... Foreign relations of Kazakhstan are primarily based on economic and military security. ... Despite internal tensions in Sudan and Ethiopia, Kenya has maintained good relations with its northern neighbors. ... Kiribati maintains good relations with most countries and has particularly close ties to its Pacific neighbors--Japan, Australia, and New Zealand. ... Foreign relations of Korea could refer to: Foreign relations of North Korea Foreign relations of South Korea Categories: | ... Following independence in June 1961, Kuwait faced its first major foreign policy problem arising from Iraqi claims to Kuwaits territory. ... Kyrgyzstan favours close relations with other CIS members, in particular with Kazakhstan and Russia. ... The new government that assumed power in Laos in December 1975 aligned itself with the Soviet bloc and adopted a hostile posture toward the West. ... Today`s Republic of Latvia regards itself as a continuation of the 1918-1940 republic. ... The foreign policy of Lebanon reflects its geographic location, the composition of its population, and its reliance on commerce and trade. ... Lesothos geographic location makes it extremely vulnerable to political and economic developments in South Africa. ... Liberian foreign relations were traditionally stable and cordial throughout much of the 19th and 20th centuries. ... Libyas foreign policies have undergone much fluctuation and change since the state declared its independence from Italy on December 24, 1951. ... The Principality of Liechtenstein (German: Fürstentum Liechtenstein) is a small, doubly landlocked country in Central Europe bordered by Switzerland to its west and by Austria to its east. ... Lithuania became a member of the United Nations on September 18, 1991, and is a signatory to a number of its organizations and other international agreements. ... Luxembourg has long been a prominent supporter of European political and economic integration. ... Foreign relations of Macau is governed by the the Peoples Republic of China. ... Madagascar historically has remained outside the mainstream of African affairs, although it is an active member of the Organization of African Unity and the Non-Aligned Movement. ... Malawis President Muluzi has continued the pro-Western foreign policy established by former President Banda. ... This article concerns the Foreign relations of Malaysia. ... Since independence in 1960, Malian governments have shifted from an ideological commitment to socialism and a policy alignment with communist states to a pragmatism that judges issues and their merits, welcomes assistance from all sources, and encourages private investment. ... For the first several years of independence, Malta followed a policy of close co-operation with the United Kingdom and other NATO countries. ... The Foreign relations of The Islamic Republic of Mauritania have been dominated since independence by the issues of the Spanish Sahara (now Western Sahara or Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic as well as recognition of its independence by its neighbours, particularly Morocco. ... Mauritius has strong and friendly relations with the West, as well as with France and India and the countries of southern and eastern Africa. ... Traditionally, the Government of Mexico has sought to maintain its interests abroad and project its influence largely through moral persuasion. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Monaco actively participates in the United Nations, which it joined in 1993. ... In the wake of the former Soviet Unions economic collapse, Mongolia began to pursue an independent and nonaligned foreign policy. ... In a referendum on May 21, 2006, the people of Montenegro opted to leave the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro. ... Embassy of Morocco in Ottawa, Canada Morocco maintains close relations with the European Union, especially the former colonial rulers, France and Spain. ... While allegiances dating back to the liberation struggle remain relevant, Mozambiques foreign policy has become increasingly pragmatic. ... // The Ministry of Foreign Affairs Of Nagorno Karabakh Republic is based in Stepanakert. ... Namibia follows a largely independent foreign policy, with lingering affiliations with states that aided the independence struggle, including Libya and Cuba. ... Foreign Relations of Nauru // Introduction Following independence in 1968, Nauru joined the Commonwealth as a Special Member. ... // As a small, landlocked country wedged between two larger and far stronger powers, Nepal maintains good relations with both China (Peoples Republic of China) and India. ... Map of New Caledonia New Caledonia (French: Nouvelle-Calédonie; popular names: Kanaky, Le caillou) is a French territory of 18,575 km² (7,172 sq. ... New Zealand’s foreign policy is oriented chiefly toward developed democratic nations and emerging Pacific economies. ... The 1990 election victory of President Violeta Chamorro placed Nicaragua in the ranks of Latin American democracies. ... Niger pursues a moderate foreign policy and maintains friendly relations with both East and West. ... Since independence, with Jaja Wachuku as the first Minister of Foreign Affairs and Commonwealth Relations, later called External Affairs, Nigerian foreign policy has been characterized by a focus on Africa and by attachment to several fundamental principles: African unity and independence; peaceful settlement of disputes; nonalignment and nonintentional interference in... The foreign relations of North Korea are often tense and unpredictable. ... Norway supports international cooperation and the peaceful settlement of disputes, recognizing the need for maintaining a strong national defense through collective security. ... When Sultan Qaboos bin Said Al Said assumed power in 1970, Oman had limited contacts with the outside world, including neighboring Arab states. ... Pakistan is the second largest Muslim country in terms of population (behind Indonesia), and its status as a declared nuclear power, being the only Islamic nation to have that status, plays a part in its international role. ... Palau gained its independence October 1, 1994 with the entry into force of the Compact of Free Association with the United States. ... Panama is currently a member of the UN General Assembly (and most major UN agencies) and has served three terms in the UN Security Council. ... Papua New Guineas foreign policy reflects close ties with Australia and other traditional allies and cooperative relations with neighboring countries. ... Paraguay is a member of the United Nations and several of its specialized agencies. ... In October 1998, Peru and Ecuador signed a peace accord which definitively resolved border differences which had, over the years, resulted in armed conflict. ... Poland became a full member of NATO in March 1999, and of the European Union in May 2004. ... The exercise of diplomacy by the authorities of the sovereign state of Portugal extends as far back as 1139. ... Qatar achieved full independence in an atmosphere of cooperation with the U.K. and friendship with neighboring states. ... // Priorities Since December 1989, Romania has actively pursued a policy of strengthening relations with the West in general, more specifically with the United States and the European Union. ... Regarding the foreign relations of Russia, Russia has taken important steps to become a full partner in the worlds principal political groupings. ... Rwanda has been the center of much international attention since the war and genocide of 1994. ... Saint Kitts and Nevis has no major international disputes, but its status as a transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the United States and Europe has caused some tension with foreign countries. ... Saint Lucia has no extant international disputes aside from tension resulting from the islands status as a transit point for South American drugs destined for the United States and Europe. ... St. ... The Samoan Government is generally conservative and pro-Western, with a strong interest in regional political and economic issues. ... San Marino is an active player in the international community. ... Saudi foreign policy objectives are to maintain its security and its paramount position on the Arabian Peninsula, defend general Arab and Islamic interests, promote solidarity among Islamic governments, and maintain cooperative relations with other oil-producing and major oil-consuming countries. ... President Léopold Senghor advocated close relations with France and negotiation and compromise as the best means of resolving international differences. ... Due to the Montenegrin independence referendum from the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Serbia and Montenegro will be inhereted, along with all of its holdings, by the Republic of Serbia. ... Seychelles follows a policy of what it describes as positive nonalignment and strongly supports the principle of reduced superpower presence in the Indian Ocean. ... Sierra Leone has maintained cordial relations with the West, in particular with the United Kingdom. ... Singapore maintains diplomatic relations with 175 countries [1] although it does not maintain a high commission or embassy in many of those countries. ... Slovakia is a member of NATO and the European Union since 2004. ... In regular public statements, Slovenias highest politicians underscore their governments commitment to expanding cooperative arrangements with neighbors and active contributions to international efforts aimed at bringing stability to Southeast Europe. ... Somalias only major international dispute is with Ethiopia over the Ogaden. ... Due to its unrecognized status, The Republic of Somaliland has no official contacts with any other nation. ... Foreign Relations of South Africa South African forces fought on the Allied side in both World War I and World War II, and it participated in the postwar United Nations force in the Korean War. ... The foreign relations of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands are managed by the UK Foreign Office. ... The foreign relations of South Korea are dominated by its relationships with its neighbors North Korea, China, Japan, and with the United States. ... Anthem unknown Capital Tskhinvali Official languages Ossetian, Russian1 Government  -  President Eduard Kokoity  -  Prime Minister Yury Morozov De facto independence from Georgia  -  Declared November 28, 1991   -  Recognition none  Currency Russian ruble (RUB) Russian in widespread use by government and other institutions. ... After the return of democracy following the death of General Franco in 1975, Spains foreign policy priorities were to break out of the diplomatic isolation of the Franco years and expand diplomatic relations, enter the European Community, and define security relations with the West. ... Sri Lanka traditionally follows a nonaligned foreign policy but has been seeking closer relations with the United States since December 1977. ... Sudans administrative boundary with Kenya does not coincide with international boundary, and Egypt asserts its claim to the Halaib Triangle, a barren area of 20,580 km² under partial Sudanese administration that is defined by an administrative boundary which supersedes the treaty boundary of 1899. ... Suriname claims an area in French Guiana between Litani River and Marouini River (both headwaters of the Lawa). ... Foreign Relations of Swaziland Swaziland maintains diplomatic relations with the Republic of China (Taiwan) instead of with the Peoples Republic of China. ... The foreign policy of Sweden is based on the premise that national security is best served by staying free of alliances in peacetime in order to remain a neutral country in the event of war. ... Flag of Switzerland. ... Ensuring national security, increasing influence among its Arab neighbors, and achieving a comprehensive Arab-Israeli peace settlement, which includes the return of the Golan Heights, are the primary goals of President Bashar al-Assads foreign policy. ... Until independence in 1975, São Tomé and Príncipe had few ties abroad except those that passed through Portugal. ... This article is about the foreign relations of the Republic of China on Taiwan. ... At the time of independence, portions of the Tajik boundary with the Peoples Republic of China were not defined; this boundary dispute was settled in agreements signed in 2002 that would cede 1,000 km² of Pamir mountain range to China in return for China relinquishing claims to 28... Tanzania is embroiled in a dispute with Malawi over the boundary in Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi). ... Thailands foreign policy includes support for ASEAN in the interest of regional stability and emphasis on a close and longstanding security relationship with the United States. ... Togo is a transit hub for Nigerian heroin and cocaine traffickers. ... Tonga, by a further modification of its treaty of friendship with the United Kingdom in July 1970, is responsible for its own external affairs. ... The disputed status of Transnistria arose because of the Transnistrian unilateral declaration of independence on September 2, 1990, which was not recognized by Moldova, nor by other countries and international organizations. ... Modern Trinidad and Tobago maintains close relations with its Caribbean neighbors and major North American and European trading partners. ... President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali has maintained Tunisias long-time policy of seeking good relations with the West, including the United States, while playing an active role in Arab and African regional bodies. ... Foreign relations of the Republic of Turkey refers to the policies pursued by the Turkish government in its external relations with the international community. ... Turkmenistans declaration of permanent neutrality was formally recognized by the United Nations in 1995. ... Tuvalu maintains an independent but generally pro-Western foreign policy. ... Uganda is landlocked and depends on foreign imports for most of its consumer goods and energy requirements. ... // Western relations Ukraine considers Euro-Atlantic integration its primary foreign policy objective, but in practice balances its relationship with Europe and the United States with strong ties to Russia. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require rewriting and/or reformatting. ... Uzbekistan joined the Commonwealth of Independent States in December 1991. ... Vanuatu maintains relations with more than 65 countries, including Russia, Cuba, and Vietnam. ... Venezuelas declared priorities in the international arena are: Respect for human rights; The right of all people to self-determination; Nonintervention in the internal affairs of other nations; Peaceful settlement of disputes between nations, including border disputes; The right of all people to peace and security; and Support for... During the Second Indochina War (1954-75), North Vietnam balanced relations with its two major allies, the Soviet Union and the Peoples Republic of China. ... Western Sahara is the former Spanish colony of Spanish Sahara claimed and mostly administered by the Kingdom of Morocco since Spain handed over the territory to Morocco and Mauritania after the Madrid Accords in 1975-76, but sovereignty is unresolved and the United Nations (UN) is attempting to hold a... North Yemen The geography and ruling Imams of north Yemen kept the country isolated from foreign influence before 1962. ... After independence in 1964 the foreign relations of Zambia were mostly focused on supporting liberation movements in other countries in Southern Africa, such as the ANC and SWAPO. During the cold war Zambia was a member of the Non-Aligned Movement. ... Since independence, Zimbabwe has enunciated and follows a policy of active nonalignment. ... The Bahamas has strong bilateral relationships with the United States and the United Kingdom, represented by an ambassador in Washington and High Commissioner in London. ... The foreign relations of the Cayman Islands are largely managed from the United Kingdom, as the islands remain an overseas territory of the UK. However, the Government of the Cayman Islands often resolves important issues with foreign governments alone, without intervention from Britain. ... The Central African Republic is an active member in several Central African organizations, including the Economic and Monetary Union (CEMAC), the Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC), the Central African Peace and Security Council (COPAX--still under formation), and the Central Bank of Central African States (BEAC). ... Until 1989, the foreign policy of Czechoslovakia had followed that of the Soviet Union. ... Its location in the center of Africa has made DROC a key player in the region since independence. ... The Dominican Republic has a close relationship with the United States and with the other states of the Inter-American system. ... Military defense is the responsibility of the United Kingdom. ... The Government of the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) conducts its own foreign relations. ... The Gambia followed a formal policy of nonalignment throughout most of former President Jawaras tenure. ... Maldives follows a nonaligned policy and is committed to maintaining friendly relations with all countries. ... While the Government of the Marshall Islands is free to conduct its own foreign relations, it does so under the terms of its Compact of Free Association with the United States. ... The foreign policy of the Netherlands is based on four basic commitments: to the atlantic cooperation, to European integration, to international development and to international law. ... The only international disputes that the Netherlands Antilles is involved in is its role in the illicit drug trade. ... The foreign relations of the Peoples Republic of China draws upon traditions extending back to China in the Qing Dynasty and the Opium Wars, despite China having undergone many radical upheavals over the past two and a half centuries. ... // Foreign policy The fundamental Philippine attachment to democracy and human rights is reflected in its foreign policy and is also a staunch and a close ally of the United States. ... // The Republic of Macedonia became a member state of the United Nations on April 8, 1993, eighteen months after its independence from the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. ... For the two decades preceding Congos 1991 National Conference, the country was firmly in the socialist camp, allied principally with the Soviet Union and other Eastern bloc nations. ... Countries with diplomatic missions in the Solomon Islands are Australia, United Kingdom, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Japan. ... The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, due to its unrecognized status internationally, is dependent upon Turkey to facilitate its contacts with the international community. ... The UAE joined the United Nations and the Arab League and has established diplomatic relations with more than 60 countries, including the United States, Japan, Russia, the Peoples Republic of China, and most Western European countries. ... The United Kingdom (UK) is a major player in international politics, with interests throughout the world. ... For a history, see Timeline of United States diplomatic history For the published diplomatic papers, see The Foreign Relations of the United States For Foreign relations under George W. Bush, see Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration. ... The Holy See is the legal body that conducts diplomatic relations for the Vatican City. ... A form of government (also referred to as a system of government or a political system) is a system composed of various people, institutions and their relations in regard to the governance of a state. ... A form of government (also referred to as a system of government or a political system) is a system composed of various people, institutions and their relations in regard to the governance of a state. ... Franchise activism refers to forms of activism carried out by autonomous individuals or groups in different localities under the same name. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... Free Fiona campaigners outside the headquarters of Sony BMG Music Entertainment in New York City on January 28, 2005. ... The Free Software Foundation (FSF) is a non-profit corporation founded in October 1985 by Richard Stallman to support the free software movement (free as in freedom), and in particular the GNU project. ... A free market is an idealized market, where all economic decisions and actions by individuals regarding transfer of money, goods, and services are voluntary, and are therefore devoid of coercion and theft (some definitions of coercion are inclusive of theft). Colloquially and loosely, a free market economy is an economy... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... For other uses, see Freedom. ... The Freedom Center is a Northampton, Massachusetts-based activist, support, and advocacy group run by and for people diagnosed with severe mental illness such as schizophrenia, bipolar, borderline and obsessive-compulsive who are challenging the disease and disorder medical model of mental illness and working for human rights and real... This article is about the general concept. ... Freedom of the Press (or Press Freedom) is the guarantee by a government of free public press for its citizens and their associations, extended to members of news gathering organizations, and their published reporting. ... The Constitution of 1793, Constitution of 24 June 1793 (French: Acte constitutionnel du 24 juin 1793), or Montagnard Constitution (French: Constitution montagnarde) was a national constitution of France ratified by the National Convention on June 24, 1793 during the French Revolution, but never applied, due to the suspension of all... The Constitution of 1795, Constitution of 22 August 1795, Constitution of the Year III, or Constitution of 5 Fructidor was a national constitution of France ratified by the National Convention on August 22, 1795 (5 Fructidor of the Year III under the French Revolutionary Calendar) during the French Revolution. ... Executive Directory (in French Directoire exécutif), commonly known as the Directory (or Directoire) held executive power in France from November 2, 1795 until November 10, 1799: following the Convention and preceding the Consulate. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... The French Revolution (1789–1815) was a period of political and social upheaval in the political history of France and Europe as a whole, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudal privileges for the aristocracy and Catholic clergy, underwent radical change to forms based on... The Senate amphitheater in the Luxembourg Palace The Senate (in French :le Sénat) is the upper house of the Parliament of France. ... Front-runner is a term to describe the leader in a race, whether political or atheletic. ... Fu Xiancai (born 1965) is a Chinese farmer and civil rights activist. ... Fudgie Frottage, San Francisco underground performer and producer of the worlds longest running drag king contest. ... In politics, a full slate is an offering of a candidate for every single position available in an election. ... International Relations Theory Realism Liberalism Idealism Neoconservatism Institutionalism Functionalism Marxism Critical theory Isolationism Functionalism is a theory of international relations that arose principally from the experience of European integration. ... Funky Dragon (Welsh: Draig Ffynci) is a youth organisation in Wales, It is The Children and Young Peoples Assembly for Wales. ...

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William (Bill) Domhoff (born August 6, 1936) is a Research Professor in psychology and sociology at the University of California, Santa Cruz. ... G. William (Bill) Domhoff is a Research Professor in psychology and sociology at the University of California, Santa Cruz. ... Saint James Cathedral Galicianism ideology with the nationalist objective of the defense of Galicia and its culture by the means of the establishment of its own institutions. ... Game theory is a branch of applied mathematics that is often used in the context of economics. ... Gandhian economics is a school of economic thought based on the socio-economic principles expounded by Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi. ... A gastald (Latin gastaldus or castaldus, Italian gastaldo or guastaldo) was a Lombard official in charge of some portion of the royal demesne (a gastaldia or castaldia) with civil, martial, and judicial powers. ... Charles de Gaulle, in his generals uniform Gaullism (French: Gaullisme) is a French political ideology based on the thought and action of Charles de Gaulle. ... Same-sex marriage is marriage between individuals who are of the same legal or biological sex. ... The gay rights movement is a collection of loosely aligned civil rights groups, human rights groups, support groups and political activists seeking acceptance, tolerance and equality for non-heterosexual, (homosexual, bisexual), and transgender people - despite the fact that it is typically referred to as the gay rights movement, members also... A general election is an election in which all or most members of a given political body are up for election. ... Generalissimo Francisco de Miranda Generalissimo or Generalissimus is a military rank of the highest degree, superior to a Field Marshal or Grand Admiral. ... GenerationEngage is a non-partisan youth-civic-engagement initiative, founded in 2004, to connect young Americans - particularly the 49% who lack college experience - to political leaders, other civic organizations, as well as meaningful conversations about the future they will inherit [1]. // GenerationEngage was founded on November 3, 2004 by Adrian... Geopolitics is the study that analyzes geography, history and social science with reference to spatial politics and patterns at various scales (ranging from home, city, region, state to international and cosmopolitics). ... George Felix Allen (born March 8, 1952) is a former Republican United States Senator from the Commonwealth of Virginia, and the son of former NFL head coach George Allen. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Georgetown Solidarity Committee (GSC) is a student organization at Georgetown University in Washington, DC, that takes action to support the struggles of service workers on the Georgetown campus as well as workers around the world. ... Georgetown University is a Jesuit private university located in Georgetown, Washington, D.C. Bishop John Carroll founded the school in 1789, though its roots extend back to 1634. ... Dr Gerard Toal (Gearóid Ó Tuathail) is Professor of Government and International Affairs and Director of the Masters of Public and International Affairs program, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Northern Capital Region campus. ... The German student movement (in Germany commonly called 68er-Bewegung, movement of 1968) was a protest movement that took place during the late 1960s in Germany. ... A Germanophile is a person who is fond of German culture, and Germany in general, exhibiting as it were German nationalism in spite of not being an ethnic German. ... The Girondists (in French Girondins, and sometimes Brissotins), comprised a political faction in France within the Legislative Assembly and the National Convention during the French Revolution. ... The Girondists (in French Girondins, and sometimes Brissotins or Baguettes), were a political faction in France within the Legislative Assembly and the National Convention during the French Revolution. ... A glamourbomb is a prank or act of mischief aimed at challenging or altering perceptions -- in particular, expanding the targets view of reality, with the hope of encouraging belief in magic, and/or magical beings such as fairies, nature spirits, etc. ... Glenn W. Smith (born September 30, 1953 in Houston, Texas) is an author, activist and political consultant. ... Global Intifada is a Swedish ultra-left terrorist group. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Activists protest policies of the World Bank in Washington, DC The Global Justice Movement is the broad globalized social movement opposing what is often known as “corporate globalization” and promoting equal distribution of economic resources. ... The purpose of the Global Mala Project is to unite the global yoga community from every continent in the world, forming a mala around the earth through collective practices based upon the sacred cycle of 108. ... A global citizens movement refers to a number of organized and overlapping citizens groups who seek to influence public policy often with the hope of establishing global solidarity on an issue. ... Global politics is the discipline that studies the political and economical patterns of the world. ... With regards to globalism , it would be constructive perhaps to know and recall some of the history. ... The rise of multinational corporations and outsourcing have played a crucial part in globalization. ... This is a glossary of the French Revolution. ... GAMOW logo The Godless Americans March on Washington (GAMOW) occurred in Washington, DC on November 2, 2002. ... Golden Liberty (latin: Aurea Libertas, Polish: Złota Wolność, sometimes used in plural form; this phenomena can be also reffered to as Golden Freedoms, Nobles Democracy or Nobles Commonwealth, Polish: Rzeczpospolita Szlachecka) refers to a unique democratic political system in the Kingdom of Poland and later, after... Although Goodharts law has been expressed in a variety of formulations, the essence of the law is that once a social or economic indicator or other surrogate measure is made a target for the purpose of conducting social or economic policy, then it will lose the information content that... Goulash Communism (Hungarian: gulyáskommunizmus) is a term sometimes used to denote the variety of socialism as practised in the Hungarian Peoples Republic between 1962-63 and 1989. ... Government-organized demonstrations or state demonstrations are demonstrations whereat government employees march and protest on behalf and at the behest of the government in civilian clothes. ... The Government Gazette (Afrikaans: Staatskoerant) is the Gazette of record of South Africa. ... A government in exile is a political group that claims to be a countrys legitimate government, but for various reasons is unable to exercise its legal power, and instead resides in a foreign country. ... The politics of Afghanistan are complex and confusing. ... Government Principal Government Officials (From the Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments as of December 31, 2002 with minor corrections) President: Alfred Moisiu Prime Minister: Fatos Nano Deputy Prime Minister: Ermelinda Meksi Minister of Agriculture: Agron Duka Minister of Culture, Youth, & Sports: Arta Dade Minister of Defense... A decade of terrorist violence in Algeria has resulted in more than 100,000 deaths since 1991. ... Angola changed from a one-party Marxist-Leninist system ruled by the MPLA to a formal multiparty democracy following the 1992 elections. ... Government Country name: conventional long form: none conventional short form: Anguilla Data code: AV Dependency status: overseas territory of the UK Government type: NA Capital: The Valley Administrative divisions: none (overseas territory of the UK) Independence: none (overseas territory of the UK) National holiday: Anguilla Day, 30 May Constitution: Anguilla... Government The Queen of Antigua and Barbuda As head of state, Queen Elizabeth II is represented in Antigua and Barbuda by a governor general who acts on the advice of the prime minister and the cabinet. ... Government After years of post-World War II instability, Argentina is today a fully functioning democracy. ... Armenians voted overwhelmingly for independence in a September 1991 referendum, followed by a presidential election in October 1991 that gave 83% of the vote to Levon Ter-Petrossian. ... The Commonwealth of Australia is a constitutional monarchy, a federation, and a parliamentary democracy. ... The ethnically and culturally homogenous nation state of Austria is the small but prosperous remnant of Austria-Hungary, a vast multinational empire foundered in 1918. ... The Government of Azerbaijan consists of three branches: The executive branch, made up of the President, his Apparat, a Prime Minister, and the Cabinet of Ministers; The legislative branch, consisting of the 125-member Parliament (Milli Majlis). ... [This document is old, written in 1996 (Presidential list updated 2004). ... Government The three political parties of Barbados--the Barbados Labour Party (BLP), the Democratic Labour Party (DLP), and the National Democratic Party (NDP)--are all moderate and have no major ideological differences; electoral contests and political disputes often have personal overtones. ... The Government of Belarus is the framework in Belarus that performs daily functions for the organization of the State. ... Politics of Belize Government Queen Elizabeth II, Official Head of State for Belize Belize is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy on the Westminster model and is a member of the Commonwealth. ... The Republic of Benin is a presidential democratic republic. ... Bermuda is the oldest self-governing British Overseas Territory and has a great degree of internal autonomy. ... Politics of Bhutan takes place in a framework of a traditional absolute monarchy, developing into a constitutional monarchy. ... Government type: emerging democracy Administrative divisions: there are two first-order administrative divisions referred to as the Entities - the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republika Srpska See Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina Independence: April 1992 (from Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) National holiday: Bosnia and Herzegovina - BiH... Botswana has a flourishing multiparty constitutional democracy. ... Government Under Bruneis 1959 constitution, His Majesty Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Muizzaddin Waddaulah, is the head of state with full executive authority, including emergency powers since 1962. ... The Council of Ministers building in central Sofia The Council of Ministers (Bulgarian: , Ministerski savet) is the main authority of the executive power in the Republic of Bulgaria. ... In November 1995, the presidents of Burundi, Rwanda, Uganda, and Zaire announced a regional initiative for a negotiated peace in Burundi facilitated by former Tanzanian President Julius Nyerere. ... According to the nations constitution (enacted in 1993), Cambodia is officially a multi-party liberal democracy under a constitutional monarch. ... The Government of Canada is the federal government of Canada. ... The Government of Chad has been controlled by Idriss Déby and his Patriotic Salvation Movement since December 2, 1990, and officially since February 28, 1991. ... Ever since Republic of China founded in January 1st, 1912, China has had several regional and national governments. ... There is another island in the Pacific Ocean with the same constitutional name, Christmas Island, also known as: Kiritimati The Territory of Christmas Island is a small, non self-governing Territory of Australia located in the Indian Ocean, 2360 km northwest of Perth in Western Australia and 500 km south... Constitutional Reforms Colombias present constitution, enacted on July 4, 1991, strengthened the administration of justice with the provision for introduction of an accusatorial system which ultimately is to replace entirely the existing Napoleonic Code. ... The Government of the Republic of Croatia (Vlada Republike Hrvatske), commonly abbreviated to Croatian Government (hrvatska Vlada), is the main element of the executive branch of government in Croatia. ... Cuba is a republic led by President Fidel Castro, who is Chief of State, Head of Government, First Secretary of the CPC, and commander in chief of the armed forces. ... Government Denmark is a constitutional monarchy with an almost unbroken link of monarchs for more than 1,000 years (except for an interregnum of eight years from 1332 to 1340). ... Government Dominica has a Westminster-style parliamentary government, and there are three political parties: The Dominica Labor Party (the majority party), the Dominica United Workers Party, and the Dominica Freedom Party. ... Politics of East Timor takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime Minister of East Timor is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. ... Politics of Egypt takes place in a framework of a semi-presidential republic, whereby the President of Egypt is de facto both head of state and head of government, and of a party system dominated by the National Democratic Party. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The new government faces formidable challenges. ... The Council of Ministers of Estonia or The Government of the Republic of Estonia (Estonian: Vabariigi Valitsus) exercises executive power pursuant to the Constitution and the laws of the Republic of Estonia. ... In May 1991, a coalition of rebel forces under the name Ethiopian Peoples Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) defeated the government of Mengistu Haile Mariam. ... Constitutional Structure See main article: Constitution of Fiji and linked articles. ... Finland is a republic with a representative democracy governed according to the principles of Parliamentarism. ... This article is about the political and administrative structures of the French government. ... The Federal Republic of Germany (in German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland) is a federal representative democracy. ... Government The Constitution that established the Fourth Republic provided a basic charter for republican democratic government. ... See also Disputed status of Gibraltar. ... Country name: conventional long form: none conventional short form: Greenland local long form: none local short form: Kalaallit Nunaat (meaning Land of the Greenlanders in Kalaallisut, the Greenlandic Inuit language) Data code: GL Dependency status: part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark since 1979... The Queen of Grenada Grenada is governed under a parliamentary system based on the British model; it has a governor general, a prime minister and a cabinet, and a bicameral Parliament with an elected House of Representatives and an appointed Senate. ... Legislative power of Guyana rests in a unicameral National Assembly, with 53 members chosen on the basis of proportional representation from national lists named by the political parties. ... Haiti is officially a presidential republic, although it is often claimed to be authoritarian in practice. ... The 1982 constitution provides for a strong executive, a unicameral National Congress, and a judiciary appointed by the National Congress. ... Other Hong Kong topics Culture - Economy Education - Geography - History Hong Kong Portal The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the Peoples Republic of China (Traditional Chinese: ; see pronunciation; conventional short name Hong Kong Government, 香港政府), led by the Chief Executive is responsible for the administration of Hong... Iceland is a republic. ... The Government of India (Hindi: भारत सरकार [1]Bhārat Sarkār), officially referred to as the Union Government, and commonly as Central Government, was established by the Constitution of India, and is the governing authority of a federal union of 28 states and 7 union territories, collectively called the Republic of... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... The December 1979 constitution, and its 1989 amendment, define the political, economic, and social order of the Islamic Republic of Iran. ... Politics of Iraq includes the social relations involving authority or power in Iraq. ... The Government (Irish: Rialtas) is the cabinet that exercises executive authority in the Republic of Ireland. ... Israels governmental system is based on several basic laws enacted by its unicameral parliament, the Knesset. ... This article or section should be merged with Italian Government Italy has been a democratic republic since June 2, 1946, when the monarchy was abolished by popular referendum (see Birth of the Italian Republic). ... The Queen of Jamaica The 1962 Constitution established a parliamentary system based on the United Kingdom model. ... This article describes the structure of the Japanese Government For an outlook on current and historical political events, see Politics of Japan. ... The Government of the Bailiwick of Jersey, the nation being a crown dependency of the United Kingdom, is composed of the Queen of the United Kingdom, the Lieutenant Governor, the Bailiff, the Assembly of States and various other bodies and officers. ... This article describes the Politics of Jordan Jordan is a constitutional monarchy based on the constitution promulgated on January 8, 1952. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Government of Kosovo is the body that governs Kosovo under UNMIKs overview and it is elected by the Assembly of Kosovo. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Luxembourg has a parliamentary form of government with a constitutional monarchy by inheritance. ... Government of Macau are headed by secretariats or commissioners and report directly to the Chief Executive of Macau. ... In March 1998, Malagasy voters approved a revised constitution. ... Politics of Malaysia takes place in a framework of a federal parliamentary monarchy, whereby the Prime Minister of Malaysia is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. ... Under Malis 1992 constitution, the president is chief of state and commander in chief of the armed forces. ... In October 2001, Mauritania held its third legislative and fifth municipal elections since the opening of multiparty politics under the 1991 constitution. ... The 1917 Constitution of Mexico provides for a federal republic with powers separated into independent executive, legislative, and judicial branches. ... This article needs cleanup. ... The current Government of the Republic of Montenegro was founded in 2003? or possibly earlier or later. ... Country name: conventional long form: none conventional short form: Montserrat Data code: MH Dependency status: overseas territory of the UK Government type: NA Capital: Plymouth (abandoned in 1997 due to volcanic activity; interim government buildings have been built at Brades, in the Carrs Bay/Little Bay vicinity at the... The contents of this page have yet fully to incorporate the effects of the Noumea Accord of 1998 Country name: conventional long form: Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies conventional short form: New Caledonia local long form: Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances local short form: Nouvelle-Caledonie Data code... New Zealand functions as a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of government. ... Nicaragua is a constitutional democracy with executive, legislative, judicial, and electoral branches of government. ... Country name: conventional long form: Federal Republic of Nigeria conventional short form: Nigeria Data code: NI Government type: republic. ... The North Korean Government is the executive branch of the state, according to the constitution. ... The Parliament of Northern Ireland was the home rule legislature created under the Government of Ireland Act 1920, which existed from June 7, 1921 to March 30, 1972, when it was suspended. ... The functions of the King of Norway are mainly ceremonial, but he has influence as the symbol of national unity. ... Government of Pakistan (Urdu: حکومتِ پاکستان)The Constitution of Pakistan provides for a Federal Parliamentary System of government, with a President as the Head of State and an indirectly-elected Prime Minister as the chief executive. ... This article needs cleanup. ... Paraguays highly centralized government was fundamentally changed by the 1992 constitution, which reinforced a division of powers that in the previous two Constitutions existed mostly in the paper. ... ... Poland is a republican representative democracy under a parliamentary system. ... The Government is one of the four sovereignty organs of the Portuguese Republic. ... The Government of Puerto Rico is a commonwealth within the United States consisting of a national and state government and 78 administrative sub-divisions called municipalities. ... In Qatar, the ruling Al Thani (الثاني) family continued to hold power following the declaration of independence in 1971. ... The Government of Romania (Romanian: Guvernul României) is the executive branch of Romania. ... Since gaining its independence with the collapse of the Soviet Union at the end of 1991, Russia (formally, the Russian Federation) has faced serious challenges in its efforts to forge a political system to follow nearly seventy-five years of Soviet rule. ... After its military victory in July 1994, the Rwandese Patriotic Front organized a coalition government similar to that established by President Juvenal Habyarimana in 1992. ... The Queen of Saint Kitts and Nevis St. ... The Queen of Saint Lucia Saint Lucia is a parliamentary democracy modeled on the Westminster system. ... The Queen of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines St. ... The 1960 constitution of Samoa (which formally came into force with independence) is based on the British pattern of parliamentary democracy, modified to take account of Samoan customs. ... San Marino was originally led by the Arengo, initially formed with the heads of each family. ... Politics of Saudi Arabia takes place in a framework of a absolute monarchy whereby the King of Saudi Arabia is not only head of state, but also the head of government. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Politics of Scotland. ... Senegal is a secular republic with a strong presidency, weak legislature, reasonably independent judiciary, and multiple political parties. ... Government building The Government of Serbia (Serbian: Cyrillic. ... Sierra Leone is a republic with an executive president and a multi-party system of government. ... The Government of Singapore is formed by the political party which gains a 50% majority in the general elections held in Singapore at least once every five years. ... As a young independent republic, Slovenia pursued economic stabilization and further political openness, while emphasizing its Western outlook and central European heritage. ... Somalia has no national government at present. ... The Republic of South Africa is a constitutional democracy with a three-tier system of government and an independent judiciary, operating under a Westminster-styled parliamentary system. ... The government of South Korea is divided into three branches: executive, judicial, and legislative. ... Southern Sudan has been an autonomous region of Sudan since a peace agreement was signed between the Government of Sudan and the rebel Sudan Peoples Liberation Army. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Government The President of the Republic, directly elected for a 6-year term, is chief of state, head of government, and commander in chief of the armed forces. ... Politics of Sudan takes place in the framework of an authoritarian republic in which all effective political power is in the hands of President Omar Hassan al-Bashir. ... This article needs cleanup. ... Name: conventional long form: none conventional short form: Svalbard (sometimes referred to as Spitsbergen) Data code: SV Dependency status: territory of Norway; administered by the Ministry of Industry, Oslo, through a governor (sysselmann) residing in Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen; by treaty (9 February 1920) sovereignty was given to Norway Government type: NA... The government of Sweden is a constitutional monarchy based on parliamentary democracy. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... The Republic of Tajikistan gained its independence during the breakup of the Soviet Union on September 9, 1991 and promptly fell into a civil war from 1992-97 between old-guard regionally based ruling elites and disenfranchised regions, democratic liberal reformists, and Islamists loosely organized in a United Tajik Opposition... Tanzanias president and National Assembly members are elected concurrently by direct popular vote for 5-year terms. ... Government Tonga is the South Pacifics last Polynesian monarchy. ... The Republic of Trinidad and Tobago is a unitary state, with a parliamentary democracy modelled on that of the UK, from whom it gained independence in 1962. ... Tunisia is a republic. ... Turkey is a secular, republican parliamentary democracy. ... Following the breakup of the Soviet Union, Turkmenistan declared its independence on October 27, 1991. ... The Queen of Tuvalu Queen Elizabeth II as the Queen of Tuvalu, is the head of state, represented by the Governor General, who is appointed by the Queen on advice of the Prime Minister. ... This article needs cleanup. ... Ukraine is a republic under a semi-presidential system with separate legislative, executive, and judicial branches. ... The Government of Uzbekistan takes place in a framework of a presidential republic, whereby the President of Uzbekistan is both head of state and head of government. ... The constitution created a republican political system headed by a president who has primarily ceremonial powers and is elected by a two-thirds majority in an electoral college consisting of members of Parliament and the presidents of Regional Councils. ... Current President Hugo Chávez was elected in December 1998 on a platform that called for the creation of a National Constituent Assembly in order to write a new Constitution. ... A new state constitution was approved in April 1992, reaffirming the central role of the Communist Party of Vietnam in politics and society, and outlining government reorganization and increased market reforms in the economy. ... The Collectivity of Wallis and Futuna (French: Collectivité de Wallis et Futuna) is a group of mainly three volcanic tropical islands (Wallis, Futuna, and Alofi) with fringing reefs located in the South Pacific Ocean. ... Country name: conventional long form: none conventional short form: Western Sahara former: Spanish Sahara Data code: WI Government type: legal status of territory and question of sovereignty unresolved; territory contested by Morocco and Polisario Front (Popular Front for the Liberation of the Saguia el Hamra and Rio de Oro), which... Country name: conventional long form: Republic of Yemen conventional short form: Yemen local long form: ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻬﻮﺭﯾّﺔ ﺍﻟﯿﻤﻦ‬ (Al-Jumhuriyyah al-Yamaniyah) local short form: ‫ﺍﻟﯿﻤﻦ‬ (Al-Yaman) Data code... Zambia (formerly Northern Rhodesia) became a republic immediately upon attaining independence in October 1964. ... Government According to Zimbabwes Constitution, the president is head of state and head of government, elected for a 6-year term by popular majority vote. ... The Queen of the Bahamas The Bahamas is an independent member of the Commonwealth of Nations. ... Country name: conventional long form: none conventional short form: British Virgin Islands abbreviation: BVI Data code: VI Dependency status: overseas territory of the UK Government type: NA Capital: Road Town Administrative divisions: none (overseas territory of the UK) Independence: none (overseas territory of the UK) National holiday: Territory Day, 1... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... The Cayman Islands physical isolation under early British colonial rule allowed the development of an indigenous set of administrative and legal traditions which were codified into a constitution in 1959. ... For the Costa Rican island, see Cocos Island Cocos (Keeling) Islands The Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, also called Cocos Islands and Keeling Islands, is a territory of Australia. ... The Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo is the second institution in the central executive branch of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the first institution being the President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, who has the title of head of state. ... The Dominican Republic is a representative democracy whose national powers are divided among independent executive, legislative, and judicial branches. ... Country name: conventional long form: none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) Data code: FA Dependency status: overseas territory of the United Kingdom, also claimed by Argentina Government type: NA Capital: Stanley Administrative divisions: none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) Independence: none (overseas territory of... ... The Han Dynasty lasted over 400 years, and its governmental system was highly complex. ... Country name: conventional long form: none conventional short form: Isle of Man Data code: IM Dependency status: British crown dependency Government type: parliamentary democracy Capital: Douglas, Isle of Man Administrative divisions: there are 24 local authorities each with its own elections Independence: none (British crown dependency) National holiday: Tynwald Day... Like a number of other European countries with proportional representation, the Dutch have always had coalition governments. ... Country name: conventional long form: none conventional short form: Netherlands Antilles local long form: none local short form: Nederlandse Antillen Data code: NT Dependency status: part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; full autonomy in internal affairs granted in 1954 Government type: parliamentary Capital: Willemstad Administrative divisions: none (part of... State power within the government of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) is divided among three bodies: the Communist Party of China, the state, and the Peoples Liberation Army, (PLA). ... The Philippines has a representative democracy modeled on the United States system. ... Country name: conventional long form: Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie, and Oeno Islands conventional short form: Pitcairn Islands Data code: PC Dependency status: overseas territory of the UK Government type: Municipality/Constitutional monarchy Capital: Adamstown, named after John Adams, the last of the mutineers, who died in 1829. ... Politics of the Republic of Macedonia occurs within the framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime Minister is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. ... The Turks and Caicos Islands is an overseas territory of the United Kingdom consisting of two groups of tropical islands in the Caribbean, southeast of the Bahamas, at 21°45N, 71°35W. The thirty islands total 166 sq. ... The agencies responsible for the government of the United Kingdom consist of a number of ministerial departments (usually headed by a Secretary of State) and non-ministerial departments headed by senior civil servants. ... ... Politics of the United States Virgin Islands takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic dependency, whereby the Governor is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. ... The pope exercises supreme legislative, executive, and judicial power over the Holy See and the State of the Vatican City, a rare case of elective non-hereditary monarchy. ... The Landskapsregering, is the government of Ã…land, an autonomous territory of Finland. ... Government procurement, also called public tendering, is the procurement of goods and services on behalf of a public authority, such as a government agency. ... A government simulation or political simulation is a game that attempts to simulate the government and politics of all or part of a nation. ... // Grapus was a collective of graphic artists, working together between 1970 and 1991, which sought to combine excellence of design with a social conscience. ... The Grassroots Radio Coalition is a loose coalition of community media activists. ... A flyer for the May 1st, 2006 Great American Boycott events in Los Angeles, California. ... One of the hallmarks of contemporary great power status is permanent membership on the United Nations Security Council. ... Theory and practice Issues History Culture By region Lists Related Anarchism Portal Politics Portal ·        Green anarchism is a school of thought within anarchism which puts an emphasis on the environment. ... Green Liberalism is a term used to refer to liberal who have incorporated green concerns into their ideology. ... Green politics or Green ideologies is a political ideology which places a high importance on ecological and environmentalist goals, and on achieving these goals through broad-based, grassroots, participatory democracy and a consensus decision-making. ... Green syndicalism has been used as a name for the philosophy of the green guild or sustainable trades movement. ... Greenpeace protest against Esso / Exxon Mobil. ... The Guardian of Zion Award is an annual award given to Jews who have been supportive to the State of Israel. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... It has been suggested that Gilchrist Document be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Gun politics. ... The phrase Gun politics refers to the views of different people within a particular country as to what degree of control (increased gun rights vs. ...

H

HESFES - Hacktivism - Hacktivismo - Hacktivist News Service - Haldane principle - Handover - Hannah Arendt - Haringey Solidarity Group - Harvard University - Hasbara - Haymarket Books - He who does not work, neither shall he eat - Head of state succession - Heads of state - Health care politics - Health care reform - Health department - Hegemonic stability theory - Hendrix College - Herbert Baxter Adams - Hereditary Education Policy - Herzl Award - Hesiod - Hierarchical organization - High politics - Hillary Rodham cattle futures controversy - Hindi-Urdu controversy - Hindmarsh Island bridge controversy - Hindu nationalism - Hindutva - Historical institutionalism - History - History of India - History of democracy - History of fundamentalist Islam in Iran - History of political science - History of socialism - History of terrorism - Hobbes - Home Nations - Homer - House of America - Householder Franchise - Hudson Guild - Human Assembly - Human chain - Human geography - Human settlement - Human shield - Human shield action to Iraq - Hung parliament - Hunt Saboteurs Association - Husting - Hypatus - Hesfes stands for Home Educators Seaside Festival. ... Hacktivism (from hack and activism) is often understood as the writing of code, or otherwise manipulating bits, to promote political ideology - promoting expressive politics, free speech, human rights, or information ethics. ... Hacktivismo logo Hacktivismo is an offshoot of the CULT OF THE DEAD COW, whose beliefs include access to information as a basic human right. ... Hacktivist News Service is a French alternative media comparable to Indymedia. ... This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Hannah Arendt (October 14, 1906 – December 4, 1975) was a German Jewish political theorist. ... Haringey Solidarity Group or HSG, are a loose collective of anarchists, socialists, and community activists based in the London Borough of Haringey. ... Harvard redirects here. ... Hasbara (הסברה) (or hasbarah) is a Hebrew noun that literally means explanation. [1][2] The term has been used by the State of Israel and by independent groups to describe their efforts to explain Israeli government policies, and to promote Israel to the world at large. ... Haymarket Books is a non-profit left-wing book publisher and distributor. ... He who does not work, neither shall he eat is the first principle of socialism according to Vladimir Lenin. ... Head of state succession is the process by which nations transfer leadership of their highest office from one person to another. ... A head of state or chief of state is the chief public representative of a nation-state, federation or commonwealth, whose role generally includes personifying the continuity and legitimacy of the state and exercising the political powers, functions and duties granted to the head of state in the countrys... Health care often accounts for one of the largest areas of spending for both governments and individuals all over the world, and as such it is surrounded by controversy. ... (This article is about political movements affecting the delivery of health care and health care systems. ... A health department is a part of government which focuses on issues related to the general health of the citizenry. ... Hegemonic Stability Theory postulates a number of rules for the maintenance and decline of international monetary and political systems. ... Hendrix College is a private liberal arts college located in Conway, Arkansas. ... Herbert Baxter Adams (April 16, 1850 - 1901) was an American educator and historian. ... Hereditary Education Policy or Kula Kalvi Thittam is a education policy introduced by Rajaji as Chief Minister of Madras State in 1952. ... Roman bronze bust, the so-called Pseudo-Seneca, now identified by some as possibly Hesiod Hesiod (Hesiodos, ) was an early Greek poet and rhapsode, who presumably lived around 700 BC. Hesiod and Homer, with whom Hesiod is often paired, have been considered the earliest Greek poets whose work has survived... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... In 1978 and 1979, lawyer and First Lady of Arkansas Hillary Rodham engaged in a series of trades of cattle futures contracts. ... In 1867, some Hindus began to demand that Hindi should be made an official language in place of Urdu 1. ... The Hindmarsh Island bridge controversy was an Australian legal and political controversy that involved the clash of Indigenous Australian religious beliefs and the rights of property owners. ... Hindu nationalism is a nationalist ideology that sees the modern state of the Republic of India as a Hindu polity [1] (Hindu Rashtra), and seeks to preserve the Hindu heritage. ... For Veer Savarkars book, see Hindutva (book). ... Historical institutionalism (HI) is a social science method of inquiry that uses institutions as subject of study in order to find, measure and trace patterns and sequences of social, political, economic behavior and change accross time and space. ... This article is about the study of the past in human terms. ... The History of India begins with the Indus Valley Civilization, which flourished in the north-western part of the Indian subcontinent from 3300 to 1700 BCE. This Bronze Age civilization was followed by the Iron Age Vedic period, which witnessed the rise of major kingdoms known as the Mahajanapadas. ... The history of democracy traces back from its origins in ancient world to its re-emergence and rise from the 17th century to the present day. ... This article addresses the roots and the developmental history of Islamic fundamentalism in Iran. ... While the study of politics is first found in ancient Greece and ancient India, political science is a late arrival in terms of social sciences. ... The history of socialism, sometimes termed modern socialism,[1] finds its origins in the French Revolution of 1789 and the changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution, although it has precedents in earlier movements and ideas. ... The history of terrorism is a history of the various types of terrorism and terrorist individuals and groups. ... This article is about the philosopher Thomas Hobbes. ... Home Nations (often written as the common noun home nations) is a term used to refer to the four constituent countries of the United Kingdom — England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland — collectively but as separate entities, distinct from the United Kingdom as a state. ... For other uses, see Homer (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Householder Franchise or census suffrage is where a homeowner has the right to vote in an election. ... Hudson Guild is a multi-service, multi-generational, community-based organization rooted in and primarily focused on the Chelsea neighborhood of Manhattan, New York. ... The 228 Hand-in-Hand Rally human chain was 500-km long. ... Population density by country, 2006 Human geography is a branch of geography that focuses on the study of patterns and processes that shape human interaction with the environment, with particular reference to the causes and consequences of the spatial distribution of human activity on the Earths surface. ... Human shield is a military and political term describing the presence of civilians in or around combat targets to deter an enemy from attacking those targets. ... A group of anti-Iraq War civilians from Western nations travelled to Iraq, hoping to act as human shields so that the U.S.-led coalition troops would be unable to bomb certain locations during the 2003 Invasion of Iraq. ... In Parliamentary systems, a hung parliament is one in which no one political party has an outright majority. ... The Hunt Saboteurs Association is an organisation that uses direct action to stop the hunting of animals. ... A husting, or the hustings, was originally a physical platform from which representatives presented their views or cast votes before a parliamentary or other election body. ... Hypatus or ypatus (pl. ...

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Icarus Project - Idealism in international relations - Ideologies of parties - Ideology - Ilısu Dam Campaign - Imanol Ordorika Sacristán - Immigration policy - Immigration reduction - Immigration reform - In His Steps - Inclusive Democracy - Income redistribution - Independence - Independence referendum - Independent Australian Jewish Voices - Independent Media Center - India - Indirect election - Individualist anarchism - Indophile - Industrialisation - Indybay - Infighting - Information science - Infosocialism - Inge Scholl - Initiative - Innovation - Institute for Global Communications - Institute for Humane Studies - Institutional analysis - Integral Nationalism - Integral humanism - Inter-Parliamentary Union - Interest aggregation - Interest articulation - Intergovernmental - Intergovernmental Management - Internal security - International - International Action - International Action Center - International Falcon Movement - International Rejectionism - International Socialist Organization - International Solidarity Movement - International Working Union of Socialist Parties - International law - International relations - International relations theory - International trade - Internationalism (politics) - Internet censorship - Internet taxation - Intersectionality - Invisible Party - Ion Sancho (politician) - Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans of America - Irish Socialist Network - Is it Fair? - Islamic - Islamic Thinkers Society - Islamic state - Islamism - Island country - Island province - Isolationism - Israeli-Palestinian conflict - Italy - The Icarus Project is a grassroots network comprised of a national staff collective, autonomous local groups and individuals that are living with experiences that are commonly labeled as bipolar disorder or related mental illness. ... Main International Relations Theories and derivates Realism & Neorealism Idealism, Liberalism & Neoliberalism Marxism & Dependency theory Functionalism & Neofunctionalism Critical theory & Constructivism Former President of the United States Woodrow Wilson, considered to be a founder of idealism. ... This is an overview of the ideologies of parties. ... Political Ideologies Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      An ideology is an organized collection of ideas. ... The Ilısu Dam Campaign is a UK based campaign working to stop the construction of the Ilısu Dam on the river Tigris in south east Turkey. ... Imanol Ordorika Sacristan is the son of Imanol Ordorika Bengoechea and Maria Josefa Sacristan, Spanish Civil War refugees from the Basque country and Madrid respectively. ... An immigration policy is any policy of a state that affects the transit of persons across its borders, but especially those that intend to work and to remain in the country. ... Immigration reduction refers to movements active within the United States that advocate a reduction in the amount of immigration allowed into the United States or other countries. ... Wikinews has related news: Interview with U.S. Republican Presidential candidate Tom Tancredo Immigration reform is the common term used in political discussions regarding changes to immigration policy. ... In His Steps is a best-selling book written by Charles Monroe Sheldon. ... The theoretical project of Inclusive Democracy (ID; as distinguished from the political project which is part of the democratic and autonomy traditions) emerged from the work of political philosopher, former academic and activist Takis Fotopoulos in Towards An Inclusive Democracy, Cassell/Continuum, London/New York, 1997, 401 pp. ... Income redistribution, or the redistribution of wealth, is a political policy usually promoted by members of the political left, and opposed, or less strongly supported, by members of the political right. ... Independence referendum is a type of referendum in which citizens of one territory would decide whether this territory should become independent country. ... Temporary IMC in Edinburgh covering protests at the 2005 G8 summit The Independent Media Center (aka Indymedia or IMC) is a global network of participatory journalists that reports with a generally left-wing perspective on political and social issues. ... Indirect election is a process in which voters in an election do not actually choose between candidates for an office but rather elect persons who will then make the choice. ... Theory and practice Issues History Culture By region Lists Related Anarchism Portal Politics Portal ·        Individualist anarchism (also anarchist individualism, anarcho-individualism, individualistic anarchism) refers to any of several traditions that hold that individual conscience and the pursuit of self-interest should not be constrained by any collective body or public... An Indophile is a non-Indian person who loves India: this could have an interest in Indian culture, cuisine, religions, history or the people of India. ... A factory in Ilmenau (Germany) around 1860 Industrialisation (also spelt Industrialization) or an Industrial Revolution is a process of social and economic change whereby a human group is transformed from a pre-industrial society (an economy where the amount of capital accumulated per capita is low) to an industrial one... Indybay is the San Francisco Bay Area Independent Media Center, an all-volunteer organization which operates a community news website, , and in June of 2004, began publishing a free news magazine, Fault Lines. ... This term is normally used in political parties and sometimes in religious organizations to describe dissenters from a hegemony. ... Not to be confused with informatics or information theory. ... Infosocialism is a fictional philosophy originally created by David Pulver, Jon F. Zeigler and Sean Punch for the Transhuman Space role-playing game. ... Inge Scholl (August 11, 1917–September 4, 1998) was the daughter of Robert Scholl, the mayor of Forchtenberg, and so was the sister of Hans and Sophie Scholl. ... initiative, see Initiative (disambiguation). ... The Institute for Global Communications or IGC Internet is an institution that provides Internet presence for groups deemed progressive for example, the Andrea Dworkin archive. ... The Institute for Humane Studies (IHS) is a libertarian organization that assists students at the undergraduate and graduate levels. ... Institutional analysis is that part of the social sciences which studies how institutions, i. ... Integral humanism is the political philosophy practised by the Bharatiya Janata Party and the former Bharatiya Jana Sangh of India. ... The Inter-Parliamentary Union is an international organization established in 1889 by William Randal Cremer (United Kingdom) and Frédéric Passy (France). ... Interest articulation is a way for members of a society to express their needs to a system of government. ... Intergovernmentalism is a method of decision-making in international organizations, where power is possessed by the member_states and decisions are made by unanimity. ... Internal security, or IS, is the act of keeping domestic peace within a country. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... International Action Logo International Action is a small, non-violent, political group in Hong Kong campaigning a range of issues including social justice, human rights and democracy. ... The International Action Center (IAC) is an activist group founded by former United States Attorney General Ramsey Clark. ... The International Falcon Movement - Socialist Education International (IFM-SEI) is an international non-profit organisation, struggling for childrens rights. ... International Rejectionism is a political theory centred around the belief that the only way for the world to function successfully is for the current order to be rejected and overthrown in an international revolution. ... The International Socialist Organization (ISO) is a socialist organization in the United States. ... For information on the Polish trade union, see Solidarity. ... The International Working Union of Socialist Parties (also known as 2½ International or the Vienna International) was an international organization for cooperation of socialists. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Foreign affairs redirects here. ... Main International Relations Theories and derivates Realism & Neorealism Idealism, Liberalism & Neoliberalism Marxism & Dependency theory Functionalism & Neofunctionalism Critical theory & Constructivism International relations theory attempts to provide a conceptual model upon which international relations can be analyzed. ... International trade is the exchange of goods and services across international boundaries or territories. ... Internationalism is a political movement which advocates a greater economic and political cooperation between nations for the benefit of all. ... Internet censorship is control or suppression of the publishing or accessing of information on the Internet. ... Tax rates around the world Tax revenue as % of GDP Part of the Taxation series        From the inception of the Internet until the late 1990s, the Internet was free of regulation by government in the United States at all levels, and also free of any specially targeted tax levies, duties... Intersectionality is a paradigmatic approach to sociology, cultural studies, and other social sciences, especially as applied to activism and social work. ... The Invisible Party (Swedish: Osynliga partiet) is a secretive, conceptual, and anti-capitalist party in Sweden. ... Ion Sancho in front of the Leon County Courthouse on Nov. ... Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans of America is a non-profit (501(c)(4)), non-partisan Veterans organization that seeks to amplify the soldiers voice in the American public dialogue. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Islam (Arabic: ; ( â–¶ (help· info)), the submission to God) is a monotheistic faith, one of the Abrahamic religions and the worlds second-largest religion. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Caliph is the term or title for the Islamic leader of the Ummah, or community of Islam. ... This article is about political Islam For the religion of Islam, see Islam. ... Island countries in the world An island country is a country that is wholly confined to an island or island group, and has no territory on the mainland of a continent. ... Island province is a province with jurisdictional extent encompassing the whole land area of an island. ... Isolationism is a foreign policy which combines a non-interventionist military policy and a political policy of economic nationalism (protectionism). ... Israel, with the West Bank, Gaza Strip and Golan Heights The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is an ongoing dispute between the State of Israel and Arab Palestinians. ...

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Jamahiriya - James Hansen - Jamil Hussein controversy - Jan Wong controversy - Japanese Imperial succession controversy - Jarislowsky chair in Public Sector Management - Jean-Jacques Rousseau - Jean Schmidt - Jeff Monaghan - Jeffersonian political philosophy - Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs - Jesus Ledesma Aguilar - Jewish Socialists' Group - Jews - John Carver (board policy) - John Locke - John Mordaunt Trust - John Rawls - John Stuart Mill - Johns Hopkins University - Joint electorate - Joint session - Josef Stalin - Joshua James - Judicial - Judicial activism - Judicial branch - Judicial power - Judicial tyranny - Judiciary - Julius Caesar - Junge Wilde - Junta (Habsburg) - Junta (Peninsular War) - Jura federation - Jural Society - Jurisdiction - Justice at Stake Campaign - Jamahiriya (Arabic جماهيرية) is an Arabic term generally translated as state of the masses. ... For the American politician from Idaho, see Jim D. Hansen. ... The Jamil Hussein controversy refers to allegations that some Associated Press reporters were using fake sources in their reporting on Iraq. ... now. ... The Japanese Imperial succession controversy refers to the question of whether Japans laws of succession under the The Imperial Household Law of 1947 should be changed from male-only primogeniture to equal primogeniture. ... Rousseau redirects here. ... Jeannette Jean Marie Hoffman Schmidt (born November 29, 1951) is a Member of the United States Congress. ... Jeffrey Monaghan (born c. ... Jeffersonians, so named after Thomas Jefferson, support a federal government with greatly constrained powers, as would follow the strict interpretation of the U.S. Constitution that Jefferson followed. ... Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs was founded in 1976 by Professor Daniel J. Elazar, as an independent, non-profit institute for policy research and education serving Israel and the Jewish people. ... Jesus Ledesma Aguilar was a Mexican national who became the 365th person executed by the state of Texas. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... For other persons named John Locke, see John Locke (disambiguation). ... John Rawls (February 21, 1921 – November 24, 2002) was an American philosopher, a professor of political philosophy at Harvard University and author of A Theory of Justice (1971), Political Liberalism, Justice as Fairness: A Restatement, and The Law of Peoples. ... John Stuart Mill (20 May 1806 – 8 May 1873), British philosopher, political economist, civil servant and Member of Parliament, was an influential liberal thinker of the 19th century. ... The Johns Hopkins University, founded in 1876, is a private institution of higher learning located in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. ... Joint Sessions of the United States Congress are the gathering together of both House and Senate which occur on special occasions such as the State of the Union Address and Presidential Inauguration. ... (Russian, in full: Ио́сиф Виссарио́нович Ста́лин [Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin]; December 18 [O.S. December 6] 1878[1] – March 5, 1953) was the leader of the Soviet Union from the mid-1920s to his death in 1953 and General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1922-1953... Joshua James is an American musician currently based in Portland, Oregon. ... The judiciary, also referred to as the judicature, consists of justices, judges and magistrates among other types of adjudicators. ... Judicial activism is a term used by political commentators to describe a tendency by judges to consider outcomes, attitudinal preferences, and other public policy issues in interpreting applicable existing law. ... The judiciary, also referred to as the judicature, consists of justices, judges and magistrates among other types of adjudicators. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      In the law, the judiciary or judicial system is the system of courts which administer justice in the name of the sovereign or state, a mechanism for the resolution of disputes. ... For other uses, see Julius Caesar (disambiguation). ... Under Habsburg rule, a junta (or jointe) was an administrative body ruled in personal union with the Spanish Habsburgs. ... In the Napoleonic Era, junta was the name chosen by several local administrations forming in Spain during the Peninsular War as a patriotic alternative to the official administration topped by the French invaders. ... The Jura federation was the most important anti-authoritarian and anarchist section of the First International, based largely among watch-makers in the Jura mountain range in Switzerland. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

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Karl Marx - Karl Popper - Keep Ireland Open - Keynesian economics - Kingdom of Sardinia - Kingmaker - Klemens von Metternich - Korean Immigrant Workers Advocates - Kremlinology - Karl Heinrich Marx (May 5, 1818 – March 14, 1883) was a 19th century philosopher, political economist, and revolutionary. ... Sir Karl Raimund Popper CH FRS FBA (July 28, 1902 â€“ September 17, 1994) was an Austrian and British[1] philosopher and a professor at the London School of Economics. ... Keynesian economics (pronounced kainzian, IPA ), also called Keynesianism, or Keynesian Theory, is an economic theory based on the ideas of the 20th-century British economist John Maynard Keynes. ... Kingdom of Sardinia, in 1839: Mainland Piedmont with Savoy, Nice, and Sardinia in the inset. ... Kingmaker refers to a person or group that has great influence in a royal succession, without being a viable candidate. ... Klemens Wenzel von Metternich Klemens Wenzel Nepomuk Lothar Fürst von Metternich-Winneberg-Beilstein (May 15, 1773 – June 11, 1858) (sometimes rendered in English as Prince Klemens Metternich) was an Austrian politician and statesman and perhaps the most important diplomat of his era. ... The Koreatown Immigrant Workers Alliance (KIWA, pronounced kee-wah), better known under its past name Korean Immigrant Workers Advocates, is a multi-ethnic immigrant worker civil rights membership organization based in the Los Angeles Koreatown area. ... Kremlinology is the study of Soviet politics and policies, named after the Kremlin, the seat of the Soviet government. ...

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La Reunion (Dallas) - Labor Zionism - Labour Party (UK) - Labour law - Labour movement - Labour voucher - Laissez-faire - Laissez-faire capitalism - Laissez faire - Lake Ontario Waterkeeper - Land and liberty (slogan) - Land reform - Landmine Survivors Network - Landslide victory - Lange Model - Language policy - Law - Law and order (politics) - Law collective - Law making - Lawrence O'Brien Award - Leaderless resistance - League (politics) - League of Coloured Peoples - Left-Right politics - Left-Wing Communism: An Infantile Disorder - Left-right politics - Left-wing - Left-wing fascism - Left-wing politics - Left wing - Legal domination - Legal research - Legal system - Legislative - Legislative Assembly (France) - Legislative branch - Legislative power - Legislative process - Legislative veto - Legislative violence - Legislature - Legitimacy - Legitimating ideology - Lenin - Les Dégonflés - Leviathan - Leviathan (book) - Liberal - Liberal democracy - Liberalism - Liberalism in the United States - Liberals - Liberation News (Internationalist) - Liberation theology - Libertarian Marxism - Libertarian Party of Michigan - Libertarian Socialism - Libertarian socialism - Libertarianism - Libertarianism and Objectivism - Libertarians - Liberty - Liberty Tree Foundation for the Democratic Revolution - Line-item veto - Linestanding - Linguistics - Liquid democracy - Lishenets - List of annulled elections - List of basic political science topics - List of basic public affairs topics - List of civic and political organizations - List of close elections - List of countries spanning more than one continent - List of democracy and elections-related topics - List of democratic socialist parties and organizations - List of enclaves and exclaves - List of government and military acronyms - List of important publications in political science - List of major social nudity organizations - List of murdered political human rights activists - List of narrow elections - List of national governments - List of political catch phrases - List of political metaphors - List of political parties by United Nations geoscheme - List of political parties by country - List of political parties by ideology - List of political parties in Abkhazia - List of political parties in Adjara - List of political parties in Afghanistan - List of political parties in Africa - List of political parties in Akrotiri and Dhekelia - List of political parties in Albania - List of political parties in Algeria - List of political parties in American Samoa - List of political parties in Andorra - List of political parties in Angola - List of political parties in Anguilla - List of political parties in Antigua and Barbuda - List of political parties in Argentina - List of political parties in Armenia - List of political parties in Aruba - List of political parties in Asia - List of political parties in Australia - List of political parties in Austria - List of political parties in Azerbaijan - List of political parties in Bahrain - List of political parties in Bangladesh - List of political parties in Barbados - List of political parties in Belarus - List of political parties in Belgium - List of political parties in Belize - List of political parties in Benin - List of political parties in Bermuda - List of political parties in Bhutan - List of political parties in Bolivia - List of political parties in Bosnia and Herzegovina - List of political parties in Botswana - List of political parties in Brazil - List of political parties in Brunei - List of political parties in Bulgaria - List of political parties in Burkina Faso - List of political parties in Burma - List of political parties in Burundi - List of political parties in Cambodia - List of political parties in Cameroon - List of political parties in Canada - List of political parties in Cape Verde - List of political parties in Ceuta - List of political parties in Chad - List of political parties in Chile - List of political parties in China - List of political parties in Christmas Island - List of political parties in Colombia - List of political parties in Comoros - List of political parties in Costa Rica - List of political parties in Crimea - List of political parties in Croatia - List of political parties in Cuba - List of political parties in Cyprus - List of political parties in Côte d'Ivoire - List of political parties in Denmark - List of political parties in Djibouti - List of political parties in Dominica - List of political parties in East Timor - List of political parties in Ecuador - List of political parties in Egypt - List of political parties in El Salvador - List of political parties in England - List of political parties in Equatorial Guinea - List of political parties in Eritrea - List of political parties in Estonia - List of political parties in Ethiopia - List of political parties in Europe - List of political parties in Fiji - List of political parties in Finland - List of political parties in France - List of political parties in French Guiana - List of political parties in French Polynesia - List of political parties in Gabon - List of political parties in Gagauzia - List of political parties in Georgia (country) - List of political parties in Germany - List of political parties in Ghana - List of political parties in Gibraltar - List of political parties in Greece - List of political parties in Greenland - List of political parties in Grenada - List of political parties in Guadeloupe - List of political parties in Guam - List of political parties in Guatemala - List of political parties in Guernsey - List of political parties in Guinea - List of political parties in Guinea-Bissau - List of political parties in Guyana - List of political parties in Haiti - List of political parties in Honduras - List of political parties in Hong Kong - List of political parties in Hungary - List of political parties in Iceland - List of political parties in India - List of political parties in Indonesia - List of political parties in Iran - List of political parties in Iraq - List of political parties in Ireland - List of political parties in Israel - List of political parties in Italy - List of political parties in Jamaica - List of political parties in Jan Mayen - List of political parties in Japan - List of political parties in Jersey - List of political parties in Jordan - List of political parties in Kazakhstan - List of political parties in Kenya - List of political parties in Kiribati - List of political parties in Korea - List of political parties in Kosovo - List of political parties in Kuwait - List of political parties in Kyrgyzstan - List of political parties in Laos - List of political parties in Latvia - List of political parties in Lebanon - List of political parties in Lesotho - List of political parties in Liberia - List of political parties in Libya - List of political parties in Liechtenstein - List of political parties in Lithuania - List of political parties in Luxembourg - List of political parties in Macau - List of political parties in Madagascar - List of political parties in Madeira - List of political parties in Malawi - List of political parties in Malaysia - List of political parties in Mali - List of political parties in Malta - List of political parties in Martinique - List of political parties in Mauritania - List of political parties in Mauritius - List of political parties in Mayotte - List of political parties in Melilla - List of political parties in Mexico - List of political parties in Moldova - List of political parties in Monaco - List of political parties in Mongolia - List of political parties in Montenegro - List of political parties in Montserrat - List of political parties in Morocco - List of political parties in Mozambique - List of political parties in Nagorno-Karabakh - List of political parties in Nakhchivan - List of political parties in Namibia - List of political parties in Nauru - List of political parties in Navassa Island - List of political parties in Nepal - List of political parties in New Caledonia - List of political parties in New Zealand - List of political parties in Nicaragua - List of political parties in Niger - List of political parties in Nigeria - List of political parties in Niue - List of political parties in Norfolk Island - List of political parties in North America - List of political parties in North Korea - List of political parties in Northern Ireland - List of political parties in Norway - List of political parties in Oceania - List of political parties in Oman - List of political parties in Pakistan - List of political parties in Palau - List of political parties in Panama - List of political parties in Papua New Guinea - List of political parties in Paraguay - List of political parties in Peru - List of political parties in Poland - List of political parties in Portugal - List of political parties in Puerto Rico - List of political parties in Puntland - List of political parties in Qatar - List of political parties in Romania - List of political parties in Russia - List of political parties in Rwanda - List of political parties in Réunion - List of political parties in Saint Barthélemy - List of political parties in Saint Helena - List of political parties in Saint Kitts and Nevis - List of political parties in Saint Lucia - List of political parties in Saint Martin (France) - List of political parties in Saint Pierre and Miquelon - List of political parties in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines - List of political parties in Samoa - List of political parties in San Marino - List of political parties in Saudi Arabia - List of political parties in Scotland - List of political parties in Senegal - List of political parties in Serbia - List of political parties in Seychelles - List of political parties in Sierra Leone - List of political parties in Singapore - List of political parties in Slovakia - List of political parties in Slovenia - List of political parties in Socotra - List of political parties in Somalia - List of political parties in Somaliland - List of political parties in South Africa - List of political parties in South America - List of political parties in South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands - List of political parties in South Korea - List of political parties in South Ossetia - List of political parties in Southern Sudan - List of political parties in Spain - List of political parties in Sri Lanka - List of political parties in Sudan - List of political parties in Suriname - List of political parties in Svalbard - List of political parties in Swaziland - List of political parties in Sweden - List of political parties in Switzerland - List of political parties in Syria - List of political parties in São Tomé and Príncipe - List of political parties in Taiwan - List of political parties in Tajikistan - List of political parties in Tanzania - List of political parties in Thailand - List of political parties in Togo - List of political parties in Tokelau - List of political parties in Tonga - List of political parties in Transnistria - List of political parties in Trinidad and Tobago - List of political parties in Tunisia - List of political parties in Turkey - List of political parties in Turkmenistan - List of political parties in Tuvalu - List of political parties in Uganda - List of political parties in Ukraine - List of political parties in Uruguay - List of political parties in Uzbekistan - List of political parties in Vanuatu - List of political parties in Venezuela - List of political parties in Vietnam - List of political parties in Wales - List of political parties in Wallis and Futuna - List of political parties in Western Sahara - List of political parties in Yemen - List of political parties in Zambia - List of political parties in Zanzibar - List of political parties in Zimbabwe - List of political parties in the Azores - List of political parties in the Bahamas - List of political parties in the British Virgin Islands - List of political parties in the Canary Islands - List of political parties in the Cayman Islands - List of political parties in the Central African Republic - List of political parties in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands - List of political parties in the Cook Islands - List of political parties in the Czech Republic - List of political parties in the Democratic Republic of the Congo - List of political parties in the Dominican Republic - List of political parties in the Falkland Islands - List of political parties in the Faroe Islands - List of political parties in the Federated States of Micronesia - List of political parties in the Gambia - List of political parties in the Isle of Man - List of political parties in the Maldives - List of political parties in the Marshall Islands - List of political parties in the Netherlands - List of political parties in the Netherlands Antilles - List of political parties in the Northern Mariana Islands - List of political parties in the People's Republic of China - List of political parties in the Philippines - List of political parties in the Pitcairn Islands - List of political parties in the Republic of Macedonia - List of political parties in the Republic of the Congo - List of political parties in the Solomon Islands - List of political parties in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus - List of political parties in the Turks and Caicos Islands - List of political parties in the United Arab Emirates - List of political parties in the United Kingdom - List of political parties in the United States - List of political parties in the United States Virgin Islands - List of political parties in the Vatican City - List of political parties in Åland - List of political party symbols - List of political science topics - List of political scientists - List of politics by country articles - List of possible exceptions to the democratic peace theory - List of revolutions and rebellions - List of rump states - List of social democratic parties - List of socialist countries - List of socialist songs - List of socialists from Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands - List of sovereign states - List of states with language politics - List of suffragists and suffragettes - List of timelines - List of years in politics - Lists of countries - Lists of people - Lists of political parties by United Nations geoscheme - Lists of political parties by country - Little Green Footballs awards - Liverpool Social Forum - Livy - Local Works - Local administrative unit - Local government - Local self-government - Localism - Localism (politics) - London School of Economics - Louis XVIII of France - Luck egalitarianism - Lusophilia - Luxemburgism - La Réunion was a socialist utopian community formed in 1855 by French, Belgian, and Swiss colonists approximately three miles west of the present Reunion Arena and Reunion Tower in downtown Dallas, and near the forks of the Trinity River in Texas, USA. The community was led by the French... Labor Zionism (or Socialist Zionism, Labour Zionism) is the traditional left wing of the Zionist ideology and was historically oriented towards the Jewish workers movement. ... The Labour Party is a political party in the United Kingdom. ... This article is in need of attention. ... The labour movement or labor movement is a broad term for the development of a collective organization of working people, to campaign in their own interest for better treatment from their employers and political governments, in particular through the implementation of specific laws governing labor relations. ... Labour vouchers (also known as labour cheques, labour certificates, and labour-time vouchers) are a device proposed to govern demand for goods in socialism, much as money does under capitalism. ... Laissez-faire is short for laissez faire, laissez passer, a French phrase meaning to let things alone, let them pass. First used by the eighteenth century Physiocrats as an injunction against government interference with trade, it is now used as a synonym for strict free market economics. ... Laissez-faire capitalism is, roughly stated, the doctrine that the free market functions to the greatest good when left unfettered and unregulated by government. ... Laissez-faire (pronunciation: French, ; English, IPA: ) is a French phrase meaning let do. From the French diction first used by the 18th century physiocrats as an injunction against government interference with trade, it became used as a synonym for strict free market economics during the early and mid-19th century. ... The Slogan: Land and Liberty The Mexican Revolution was fought over land rights. ... -1... The Landmine Survivors Network is an advocacy organization, founded in 1997 by American landmine survivors Jerry White and Ken Rutherford, PhD, to help the survivor community become an effective force in the campaign to eliminate anti-personnel landmines. ... In politics, a landslide victory (or just a landslide) is the victory of a candidate or political party by an overwhelming majority in an election. ... Many countries have a language policy designed to favour or discourage the use of a particular language or set of languages. ... For other uses, see Law (disambiguation). ... In politics, law and order refers to a political platform which supports a strict criminal justice system, especially in relation to violent crime and property crimes, through harsher criminal penalties. ... A law collective is a non-hierarchical organization which provides legal services to a community or communities in need. ... See also Portal:Law The stela of King Hammurabi depicts the god Shamash revealing a code of laws to the king. ... OBrien, left, with President Lyndon Johnson, c. ... Leaderless resistance (or phantom cell structure) is a political resistance strategy in which small, independent groups (covert cells) challenge an established adversary such as a government. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The League of Coloured Peoples was a British civil rights organization. ... Political parties Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Left-Right politics or the Left-Right political spectrum is a common way of classifying political positions, political ideologies, or political parties along a one-dimensional political spectrum. ... Political parties Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Left-Right politics or the Left-Right political spectrum is a common way of classifying political positions, political ideologies, or political parties along a one-dimensional political spectrum. ... In politics, left-wing, political left, leftism, or simply the left, are terms which refer (with no particular precision) to the segment of the political spectrum typically associated with any of several strains of socialism, social democracy, or liberalism (especially in the American sense of the word), or with opposition... Categories: Pages needing attention | Politics stubs ... Left wing redirects here. ... In politics, left-wing, political left, leftism, or simply the left, are terms that refer (with no particular precision) to the segment of the political spectrum typically associated with any of several strains of socialism, social democracy, or liberalism (especially but not exclusively in the American sense of the word... Rational-legal authority (also known as rational authority, legal authority, rational domination, legal domination) is a form of leadership in which the authority of an organization or a ruling regime is largely tied to legal rationality, legal legitimacy and bureaucracy. ... // Legal research is the process of identifying and retrieving information necessary to support legal decision-making. ... A legislature is a governmental deliberative body with the power to adopt laws. ... During the French Revolution, the Legislative Assembly was the legislature of France from October 1, 1791 to September 1792. ... A legislature is a governmental deliberative body with the power to adopt laws. ... A legislature is a type of representative deliberative assembly with the power to adopt laws. ... A legislative veto exists in governments that separate executive and legislative functions if actions by the executive can be rejected by the legislative. ... Legislative violence broadly refers to any violent clashes between members of a nations legislature. ... A legislatureis a type of representative deliberative assembly with the power to ratify laws. ... The word legitimacy comes from the Latin word legitimare and it has two uses: Legitimacy (political science) is variously defined, but refers in general to the peoples acceptance of a law, ruling, or a regime itself as valid. ... A legitimating ideology, a term used by sociologists C. Wright Mills and others, refers generally to any ideology which is used to legitimate the actions or policies of states. ... Vladimir Ilyich Lenin ( Russian: Влади́мир Ильи́ч Ле́нин  listen?), original surname Ulyanov (Улья́нов) ( April 22 (April 10 ( O.S.)), 1870 – January 21, 1924), was a... Les Dégonflés is a French passive vigilante group that deflates tyres on SUVs parked on the streets of Paris in order to protest against the associated high emissions and damage caused to the environment. ... This article is about the biblical creature. ... For other uses, see Leviathan (disambiguation). ... Look up liberal on Wiktionary, the free dictionary Liberal may refer to: Politics: Liberalism American liberalism, a political trend in the USA Political progressivism, a political ideology that is for change, often associated with liberal movements Liberty, the condition of being free from control or restrictions Liberal Party, members of... Liberal democracy is a form of government. ... Liberalism is an ideology, philosophical view, and political tradition which holds that liberty is the primary political value. ... This article discusses the history and development of various notions of liberalism in the United States. ... In politics, the term liberal refers to: an adherent of the ideology of liberalism or a state or quality of this ideology. ... Rosa Luxemburg Liberation News (Internationalist) or usually just called Liberation News was first established in 1996 as a radio program on Free Radio Santa Cruz. ... Liberation theology is a school of theology within the Catholic Church that focuses on Jesus Christ as not only the Redeemer but also the Liberator of the oppressed. ... Libertarian Marxism is a school of Marxism that takes a less authoritarian view of Marxist theory than conventional currents such as Stalinism, Trotskyism, and other forms of Marxism-Leninism, as well as a generally less reformist view than do Social Democrats. ... // The Libertarian Party of Michigan was founded in Taylor, Michigan in 1972 [1] and remains active. ... Libertarian socialism is a group of political philosophies that aim to create a society without political, economic or social hierarchies - a society in which all violent or coercive institutions would be dissolved, and in their place every person would have free, equal access to tools of information and production, or... Libertarian socialism is a group of political philosophies that aim to create a society without political, economic or social hierarchies - a society in which all violent or coercive institutions would be dissolved, and in their place every person would have free, equal access to tools of information and production, or... This article is about the political philosophy based on private property rights. ... Many individuals found their support of libertarianism upon ideological elements derived from the philosophy of novelist Ayn Rand, which she called Objectivism. ... This article deals with the libertarianism as defined in America and several other nations. ... For other uses, see Liberty (disambiguation). ... Liberty Tree Foundation for the Democratic Revolution is a national non-governmental organization Their purpose is to foster a broad-based democracy movement in the United States. ... In government, the line-item veto is the power of an executive to nullify or cancel specific provisions of a bill, usually budget appropriations, without vetoing the entire legislative package. ... For the journal, see Linguistics (journal). ... Liquid democracy is a form of direct democracy with proxy representation allowed. ... Lishenets (Russian: лишенец), literally translated as disenfranchised, was a person stripped of the right of voting in the Soviet Union of 1918 — 1936. ... Basic topics in political science include: // Nature of political science Main article: Political science Branches of political science Bold textBold text== History of political science == Main article: History of political science Basic political science concepts Political science scholars Leaders in political science Political science lists Main article: List of... Public affairs is a catch-all term that includes public policy as well as public administration, both of which are closely related to and draw upon the fields of political science as well as economics. ... This is a list of civic and political organizations United States ACORN American Civil Liberties Union American Woman Suffrage Association League of Women Voters National Civic League National Organization for Women National Rifle Association National Woman Suffrage Association Parent-Teacher Association National Organization for Reform of Marijuana Laws See also... No voting system can guarantee a clear result all the time, even FPTP. Some close elections, where the winner won a bare majority, or where a third party or independents hold the balance of power include: // 1901-1913 party system yet to crystalise. ... This is a list of countries spanning more than one continent. ... Politics is the process and method of gaining or maintaining support for public or common action: the conduct of decision-making for groups. ... This is a list of parties and organizations that are either explicitly democratic socialist or include significant numbers of democratic socialist members. ... In political geography, an enclave is a piece of land which is totally surrounded by a foreign territory, and an exclave is one which is politically attached to a larger piece but not actually contiguous with it. ... List of acronyms (words made from parts of other words, pronounceable) used by the government and the military: This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it. ... Many elections have been decided by narrow margins of less than 1 vote in 1000 (a margin of victory of less than 0. ... This is a list of the offices of heads of state and heads of government, and cabinets, by country. ... The following is a list of political catch phrases, that is, distinctive statements uttered by political figures that have gone on to become well-known or infamous. ... This is a list of common political metaphors. ... Political parties Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      This is a lists of political parties by United Nations geoscheme around the world in the form of a list to the pages for each region. ... Political parties Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      This is an overview of political parties by country, in the form of a table with a link to a list of political parties in each country and showing which party system is dominant in each country . ... Political parties Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      This is a list of political parties around the world by ideology. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... This article lists political parties in Afghanistan. ... This is a list of political parties around the world. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... This article lists political parties in Anguilla. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... This article lists political parties in Argentina. ... This article lists political parties in Armenia. ... This article lists political parties in Aruba. ... This is a list of political parties around the world. ... Political parties in Australia lists political parties in Australia. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... This article lists political parties in Azerbaijan. ... Political parties from the former Communist Left to the Islamist Right sit in parliament in Bahrain, but are known technically as Political Associations or Blocs. ... This article lists political parties in Bangladesh. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... Belgium is a federation with a multi-party political system, with numerous parties who factually have no chance of gaining power alone, and therefore must work with each other to form coalition governments. ... This article lists political parties in Belize. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... This article lists political parties in Bolivia. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... This article lists political parties in Brazil. ... This article lists political parties in Brunei. ... This article lists political parties in Bulgaria. ... This article lists political parties in Burkina Faso. ... Political parties in Myanmar lists political parties in Myanmar (Burma). ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... Political parties in Cameroon lists political parties in Cameroon. ... This article lists political parties in Canada. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... Politics of Chile Politics of Chile Political parties in Chile Elections in Chile: President: 1970 - 1989 - 2005 A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... The Chinese political parties include four areas: mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... Political parties in Costa Rica lists political parties in this country. ... This article lists political parties in Croatia. ... Political parties in Cuba lists political parties in this country. ... Political parties in Cyprus lists political parties in this country. ... This article lists political parties in Côte dIvoire (Ivory Coast). ... This article lists political parties in Denmark. ... Political parties in Djibouti lists political parties in this country. ... Political parties in Dominica lists political parties in this country. ... Political parties in East Timor lists political parties in this country. ... Political parties in Ecuador lists political parties in this country. ... Political parties in Egypt lists political parties in this country. ... Political parties in El Salvador lists political parties in this country. ... Political parties in Equatorial Guinea lists political parties in this country. ... Political parties in Eritrea lists political parties in Eritrea, however, in view of the fact that there are no legal Eritrean political parties, listed below are illegal parties: Eritrean Liberation Front led by Woldeyesus Ammar (known as Wedi Ammar) Eritrean National Alliance led by Hiruy Tedla (former national assemblys... Political parties in Estonia lists political parties in Estonia. ... Political parties in Ethiopia lists political parties in Ethiopia. ... This is a list of political parties around the world. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... Political parties in Finland lists political parties in Finland. ... Political parties in France lists political parties in France. ... Political parties in French Guiana lists political parties in French Guiana. ... Political parties in French Polynesia lists political parties in French Polynesia. ... Political parties in Gabon lists political parties in Gabon. ... This is a list of political parties in Germany. ... This article lists political parties in Ghana. ... This article lists political parties in Gibraltar. ... Under the current electoral system, a party needs to surpass a 3% threshold in the popular vote in order to enter parliament. ... Politics of Greenland Categories: Stub | Lists of political parties | Politics of Greenland ... Political parties in Grenada lists political parties in Grenada. ... Political parties in Guadeloupe lists political parties in Guadeloupe. ... Political parties in Guam lists political parties in Guam. ... Political parties in Guatemala lists political parties in Guatemala. ... Political parties in Guernsey gives information on political parties in Guernsey. ... Political parties in Guinea lists political parties in Guinea. ... Political parties in Guinea-Bissau lists political parties in Guinea-Bissau. ... Political parties in Guyana lists political parties in Guyana. ... Political parties in Haiti lists political parties in Haiti. ... Political parties in Honduras Honduras has a two-party system, which means that there are two dominant political parties – the PLH and the PNH. It is thus extremely difficulty for anybody to achieve national electoral success under the banner of any other party. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... Political parties in Hungary lists political parties in Hungary. ... Political parties in Iceland lists political parties in Iceland. ... Political parties in India lists political parties in India. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... Political parties in Iran lists political parties in Iran. ... This article lists political parties in Iraq. ... Political parties in the Republic of Ireland lists political parties in the Republic of Ireland. ... Political parties in Israel: Israels political system is based on proportional representation which allows for a multi-party system with numerous parties. ... Political parties in Italy are organized into two dominant political coalitions. ... Political parties in Jamaica lists political parties in Jamaica. ... Political parties in Japan lists political parties in Japan. ... Political parties in Jersey lists political parties in Jersey. ... Political parties in Jordan lists political parties in Jordan. ... Political parties in Kazakhstan lists political parties in Kazakhstan. ... Political parties in Kenya lists political parties in Kenya. ... Political parties in Kiribati lists political parties in Kiribati. ... Political parties in Kosovo lists political parties in Kosovo. ... Politics of Kuwait Categories: Stub | Lists of political parties | Kuwait | Kuwaiti political parties ... Political parties in Kyrgyzstan lists political parties in Kyrgyzstan. ... Political parties in Laos lists political parties in Laos. ... Political parties in Latvia lists political parties in Latvia. ... Political parties in Lebanon lists political parties in Lebanon. ... Political parties in Lesotho lists political parties in Lesotho. ... Political parties in Liberia lists political parties in Liberia. ... Political parties in Libya lists political parties in Libya. ... Political parties in Liechtenstein lists political parties in Liechtenstein. ... Political parties in Lithuania lists political parties in Lithuania. ... Political parties in Luxembourg lists political parties in Luxembourg. ... Political parties in Macau lists political parties in Macau. ... Political parties in Madagascar lists political parties in Madagascar. ... Political parties in Malawi lists political parties in Malawi. ... Political parties in Malaysia lists political parties in Malaysia. ... Political parties in Mali lists political parties in Mali. ... Political parties in Malta lists political parties in Malta. ... Political parties in Martinique lists political parties in Martinique. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... Political parties in Mauritius lists political parties in Mauritius. ... Political parties in Mayotte lists political parties in Mayotte. ... This article lists political parties in Mexico. ... Political parties in Moldova lists political parties in Moldova. ... Political parties in Monaco lists political parties in Monaco. ... Political parties in Mongolia lists political parties in Mongolia. ... This article lists political parties in Montenegro. ... Political parties in Montserrat lists political parties in Montserrat. ... Political parties in Morocco lists political parties in Morocco. ... Political parties in Mozambique lists political parties in Mozambique. ... Political parties in Nagorno-Karabakh lists political parties in Nagorno-Karabakh. ... Political parties in Namibia lists political parties in Namibia. ... Political parties in Nauru lists political parties in Nauru. ... Nepals constitution of 1990 provides for a multi-party system. ... Politics of New Caledonia Categories: Lists of political parties | New Caledonian political parties | Election related stubs ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... Political parties in Nicaragua lists political parties in Nicaragua. ... Political parties in Niger lists political parties in Niger. ... Political parties in Nigeria lists political parties in Nigeria. ... Political parties in Niue lists political parties in Niue. ... Elections and parties in Norfolk gives information on elections, election results and political parties in Norfolk Island. ... Political parties Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      This is a List of political parties in North America by country, linking to the country list of parties and the political system of each country in the region. ... Political parties in North Korea lists political parties in North Korea. ... Political parties in Northern Ireland lists political parties in Northern Ireland. ... This article lists political parties in Norway. ... This is a list of political parties around the world. ... Though Oman is developing into a constitutional monarchy, political parties are not yet allowed in Oman. ... Political parties in Pakistan lists political parties in Pakistan. ... Political parties in Palau lists political parties in Palau. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... Political parties in Papua New Guinea lists political parties in Papua New Guinea. ... Political parties in Paraguay lists political parties in Paraguay. ... Political parties in Peru lists political parties in Peru. ... Political parties in Poland lists political parties in Poland. ... Political parties in Portugal lists political parties in Portugal. ... Political parties in Puerto Rico lists political parties in Puerto Rico. ... Political parties in Qatar gives information about political parties in Qatar. ... Political parties in Romania lists political parties in Romania. ... Political parties in Russia lists political parties in Russia. ... Political parties in Rwanda lists political parties in Rwanda. ... Political parties in Saint-Barthélemy lists political parties in Saint Barthélemy. ... Saint Helena does not have active political parties. ... Political parties in Saint Kitts and Nevis lists political parties in Saint Kitts and Nevis. ... Political parties in Saint Lucia lists political parties in Saint Lucia. ... Political parties in Saint-Martin lists political parties in Saint-Martin. ... Political parties in Saint Pierre and Miquelon lists political parties in Saint Pierre and Miquelon. ... Political parties in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines lists political parties in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. ... Political parties in Samoa lists political parties in Samoa. ... San Marino has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party often has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other to form coalition governments. ... Political parties in Saudi Arabia lists political parties in Saudi Arabia. ... // Parties represented in the Scottish Parliament (in order of number of representatives): Scottish National Party (SNP) - centre-left, social democratic, pro-independence- 47 MSPs Labour - centre-left, unionist - 46 MSPs Conservative - centre-right, conservative, unionist - 17 MSPs Liberal Democrat - centre-left, federalist - 16 MSPs Scottish Green Party - left-wing, environmentalist... Political parties in Senegal lists political parties in Senegal. ... This article lists political parties in Serbia. ... Political parties in Seychelles lists political parties in Seychelles. ... Political parties in Sierra Leone lists political parties in Sierra Leone. ... Political parties in Singapore lists political parties in Singapore. ... Political parties in Slovakia lists political parties in Slovakia. ... Political parties in Slovenia lists political parties in Slovenia. ... Political parties in Somalia lists political parties in Somalia. ... Politics of Somalia Categories: Election related stubs | Lists of political parties | Somaliland political parties ... Political parties in South Africa lists political parties in South Africa. ... These are the lists of political parties in the countries of South America. ...