1854 state leaders - Events of 1855 - 1856 state leaders - State leaders by year 1853 state leaders - Events of 1854 - 1855 state leaders - State leaders by year See also: List of religious leaders in 1854 List of international organization leaders in 1854 List of colonial governors in 1854 // Africa Ashanti Confederacy - Kwaku Dua I Panyin, Asantehene (1834-1867) Buganda - Suna II, King of Buganda... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1855 state leaders - Events of 1856 - 1857 state leaders - State leaders by year See also: List of religious leaders in 1856 List of international organization leaders in 1856 List of colonial governors in 1856 // Africa Ashanti Confederacy - Kwaku Dua I Panyin, Asantehene (1834-1867) Buganda - Suna II, King of Buganda... This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in any given year. ...

1854 colonial governors - Events of 1855 - 1856 colonial governors - Colonial governors by year See also: List of state leaders in 1855 List of religious leaders in 1855 List of international organization leaders in 1855 Portugal Angola - José Rodrigues Coelho do Amaral, Governor-General of Angola (1854-1860) Categories: 1855 | Lists...

Africa

• Ashanti Confederacy - Kwaku Dua I Panyin, Asantehene (1834-1867)
• Buganda - Suna II, King of Buganda (1836-1856)
• Bunyoro - Kyebambe IV, Omukama of Bunyoro (1852-1869)
• Burundi - Mwezi IV Gisabo, King of Burundi (1852-1908)
• Dahomey - Gézo, King of Dahomey (1818-1856)
• Rwanda - Kigeri IV, King of Rwanda (1853-1895)
• Sokoto Caliphate
  • Caliph - Ali bin Bello I, Sokoto Caliph (1842-1859)
  • Grand Vizier - Abd al-Qadir, Sokoto Grand Vizier (1842-1859)
• Zulu - Mpande kaSenzangakhona, King of the Zulu (1840-1872)

A shrunken Ashanti Confederacy near the end of its existence in 1896 The Ashanti Confederacy was a powerful state in West Africa in the years prior to European colonization. ... HRH Kwaku Dua I Panyin (c. ... The Asantehene is the ruler of the Ashanti people, while today it is a strictly ceremonial role, it was once a position of great power as the leader of the Ashanti Confederacy. ... 1834 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1867 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Buganda is the kingdom of the 52 clans of the Baganda people, the largest of the four traditional kingdoms in present-day Uganda. ... Buganda is the kingdom of the Baganda people, the largest of the four traditional kingdoms in present-day Uganda. ... 1836 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Bunyoro is a region of Uganda, and from the sixteenth to the nineteenth century one of the most powerful kingdoms of East Africa. ... Omukama of Bunyoro is the name given to rulers of the central African kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara. ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1869 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Mwami Mwezi IV Gisabo Bikata-Bijoga (1840 – 1908) was the king of Burundi from 1852 to 1908. ... Burundi was ruled by a monarch until 1966. ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1908 is a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Dahomey was an African kingdom situated in what is now Benin. ... King Ghezo (right), with his son the future King Glele in 1863 Ghezo was the ninth King of Dahomey (now Benin), considered one of the greatest of the twelve historical kings. ... Dahomey was an African kingdom situated in what is now Benin. ... 1818 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... This page contains a list of Kings (Mwami, singular Aba) of Rwanda. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1895 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... This article is in need of attention. ... The Sokoto Caliph was the ruler of the Sokoto Caliphate. ... 1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1859 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... The Sokoto Grand Vizier was the Grand Vizier to the Sokoto Caliph of the Sokoto Caliphate. ... 1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1859 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... The Zulu are an African ethnic group of about 11 million people who live mainly in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. ... Mpande (1798 - 1872) was king of the Zulu nation from 1840 to 1872, making him the longest reigning Zulu king. ... This List of Zulu kings gives a list of Zulu chieftains and kings from their earliest known history up to the current monarch: Malandela kaLuzumana Ntombhela kaMalandela, son of Malandela. ... 1840 is a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1872 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

Asia

• Afghanistan - Dost Mohammad Khan, King of Afghanistan (1843-1863)
• China
  • Qing Dynasty - Xianfeng, Emperor of China (1850-1861)
  • Heavenly Kingdom of Taiping - Hong Xiuquan, King of Heaven (1851-1864)
• Japan
  • Monarch - Kōmei, Emperor of Japan (1846-1867)
  • Shogun (Tokugawa) - Tokugawa Iesada, Shogun of Japan (1853-1858)
• Korea (Joseon Dynasty) - Cheoljong, King of Joseon (1849-1864)

Dost Mahommed Khan (1793 - June 9, 1863) founded the Barakzai dynasty in Afghanistan. ... List of the Heads of State of Afghanistan Ashvagan c1220 to mid-13thC ruled by Mongol Emperors mid-13thC to 1404 divided between local Mongol leaders 1404 to 1507 within Timurid Empire 1507 to 1709 Iranian rule The Afghan State in Qandahar Mir Veys Khan Hotak (1709-1715) Mahmud Khan... 1843 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1863 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... The Qing Dynasty (Manchu: daicing gurun; Chinese: 清朝; pinyin: qÄ«ng cháo; Wade-Giles: ching chao), sometimes known as the Manchu Dynasty, was founded by the Manchu clan Aisin Gioro, in what is today northeast China expanded into China proper and the surrounding territories of Inner Asia, establishing... The Xianfeng Emperor (July 17, 1831 - August 22, 1861) was the eigth emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty, and the seventh Qing emperor to rule over China, from 1850 to 1861. ... The emperor or huangdi (皇帝 in pinyin: huang2 di4) of China was the head of government and head of state of China from the Qin dynasty in 221 B.C. until the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911. ... 1850 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... The Taiping Rebellion (1851–1864) was one of the bloodiest conflicts in history, a clash between the forces of Imperial China and those inspired by a Hakka self-proclaimed mystic named Hong Xiuquan, who was also a Christian convert. ... Hóng Xiùquán (洪秀全, Wade-Giles: Hung Hsiu-chüan, born Hong Renkun 洪仁坤, Courtesy name Huoxiu 火秀) (January 10, 1812-June 1, 1864), a Hakka Chinese Christian who led the Taiping Rebellion and established the Heavenly Kingdom of Taiping, in which he was known as the King of Heaven (天王... Events January 23 - The flip of a coin determines whether a new city in Oregon is named after Boston, Massachusetts, or Portland, Maine, with Portland winning. ... 1864 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Emperor Kōmei of Japan Emperor Kōmei (孝明天皇) (July 22, 1831 - January 30, 1867) was the 121st imperial ruler of Japan. ... His Majesty Emperor Akihito of Japan The Emperor of Japan (天皇 tennō) is arguably Japans titular head of state and the head of the Japanese Imperial Family. ... 1846 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1867 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The Tokugawa shogunate or Tokugawa bakufu (徳川幕府) (also known as the Edo bakufu) was a feudal military dictatorship of Japan established in 1603 by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family until 1868. ... Tokugawa Iesada (徳川 家定; 1824–1858) was the 13th shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan who held office for only 5 years, from 1853 to 1858. ... In Japanese history, a shōgun (将軍) was the practical ruler of Japan for most of the time from 1192 to the Meiji Era beginning in 1868. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1858 is a common year starting on Friday. ... Korea (한국) is a formerly unified country, situated on the Korean Peninsula in northern East Asia, bordering on China to the west and Russia to the north. ... The Joseon Dynasty (alternatively, Choson or Chosun) was the final ruling dynasty of Korea, lasting from 1392 until 1910. ... Cheoljong (1831 - 1863) was the 25th king of the Korean Joseon Dynasty. ... Korea has been ruled by a number of kingdoms/empires and republics over the last several millennia. ... 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1864 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...

Europe

• Abkhazia - Mikheil, Prince of Abkhazia (1822-1864)
• Belgium - Leopold I, King of the Belgians (1831-1865)
• Denmark
  • Monarch - Frederick VII, King of Denmark (1848-1863)
  • Prime Minister - Peder Georg Bang, Prime Minister of Denmark (1854-1856)
• France - Napoleon III, Emperor of the French (1852-1870)
• German Confederation - Franz Joseph of Austria, President of the German Confederation (1850-1866)
  • Austria - Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria (1848-1916)
  • Bohemia - Franz Joseph I of Austria, King of Bohemia (1848-1916)
  • Prussia -
    • Monarch - Friedrich Wilhelm IV, King of Prussia (1840-1861)
    • Prime Minister - Otto von Manteuffel, Minister-President of Prussia (1850-1858)
  • Bavaria - Maximilian II, King of Bavaria ([[1848

]]-1864) Abkhazia (Abkhaz Аҧсны/Apsny, Georgian აფხაზეთი/Apkhazeti, Russian Абха́зия/Abkhazia) is a region of 8,600 km² (3,300 sq. ... Prince Mikheil, Mikheil (Michael) Sharvashidze (died 1866) was the head of state of the principality of Abkhazia and reigned from 1822 to 1864. ... 1822 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1864 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Leopold I, first King of the Belgians, (December 16, 1790 - December 10, 1865), was born in Ehrenburg Castle in the Bavarian town of Coburg, and named Georg Christian Friedrich (Georges Chrétien Frédéric in French, George Christiaan Frederik in Dutch) He was the youngest son of Duke Francis Frederick of Saxe... The royal palace in Brussels Successive Belgian kings are Leopold I (1831-1865) Leopold II (1865-1909) Albert I (1909-1934) Leopold III (1934-1951) abdicated Prince Charles of Belgium (1944-1950) Prince Regent Baudouin I (1951-1993) Albert II (1993- ) None of these were King of Belgium: their title... 1831 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1865 is a common year starting on Sunday. ... Frederick VII (October 6, 1808 - November 15, 1863) was the last king of Denmark to rule as an absolute monarch. ... This is a list of Danish monarchs, that is, the Kings and ruling Queen of Denmark, including Regents of the Kalmar Union. ... 1848 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1863 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... This is a list over the heads of government in Denmark, from the establishment of a constitutional monarchy in 1849 until present. ... 1854 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte (April 20, 1808, Paris, France - January 9, 1873, Chislehurst, Kent, England) was a President of France, and later, Emperor of the French. ... Kings ruled in France from the Middle Ages to 1848. ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1870 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... The German Confederation (German: Deutscher Bund) was a loose association of Central European states created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 to organize the surviving states of the Holy Roman Empire, which had been abolished in 1806. ... Franz Joseph I Franz Joseph I (in English also Francis Joseph) ( August 18, 1830 – November 21, 1916) of the Habsburg Dynasty was Emperor of Austria and King of Bohemia from 1848 until 1916 and King of Hungary from 1867 until 1916. ... 1850 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... Franz Joseph I Franz Joseph I (in English also Francis Joseph) ( August 18, 1830 – November 21, 1916) of the Habsburg Dynasty was Emperor of Austria and King of Bohemia from 1848 until 1916 and King of Hungary from 1867 until 1916. ... The title of Emperor of Austria was proclaimed in 1804 by the Habsburg Holy Roman Emperor, Francis II, who feared for the future of the old Reich in the face of Napoleons aggressions, and wished to maintain his imperial title in the event that the Holy Roman Empire should... 1848 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1916 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January-February January 1 -The first successful blood transfusion using blood that had been stored and cooled. ... Bohemia Bohemia (Czech: ÄŒechy; German: Böhmen) is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western and middle thirds of the Czech Republic. ... Franz Josef I. Tomb of Franz Josef I, flanked by wife Elisabeth and son Rudolf. ... The Lands of the Bohemian Crown (Czech Země koruny české, Latin Corona regni Bohemiae) (e. ... 1848 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1916 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January-February January 1 -The first successful blood transfusion using blood that had been stored and cooled. ... The coat of arms of the Kingdom of Prussia, 1701-1918 The word Prussia (German: Preußen or Preussen, Polish: Prusy, Lithuanian: PrÅ«sai, Latin: Borussia) has had various (often contradictory) meanings: The land of the Baltic Prussians (in what is now parts of southern Lithuania, the Kaliningrad exclave of... Photograph of Frederick King Frederick William IV of Prussia (October 15, 1795 - January 2, 1861), the eldest son and successor of Frederick William III of Prussia, reigned as King of Prussia from 1840 to 1861. ... The following is a list of Kings of Prussia (Könige von Preußen) from the Hohenzollern family. ... 1840 is a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... The Prime Minister (Ministerpräsident) of Prussia existed in one form or another from 1792 until the dissolution of Prussia in 1947. ... 1850 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1858 is a common year starting on Friday. ... With an area of 70,553 km² (27,241 square miles) and 12. ... Maximilian II of Bavaria (November 28, 1811 - March 10, 1864) was king of Bavaria from 1848 until 1864. ... King of Bavaria was a title held by the hereditary rulers of Bavaria from 1805 till 1918, when the kingdom was abolished. ... 1864 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...

• • Saxony - Johann, King of Saxony (1854-1873)
  • Hanover - George, King of Hanover (1851-1866)
  • Württemberg - William, King of Württemberg (1816-1864)
• Hungary - Franz Joseph I of Austria, King of Hungary (1848-1916)
• Netherlands - William III, King of the Netherlands (1849-1890)
• Portugal - Pedro V, King of Portugal (1853-1861)
• Russia -
  1. Nicholas I, Tsar of Russia (1825-1855)
  2. Alexander II, Tsar of Russia (1855-1881)
• Spain - Isabella II, Queen of Spain (September 29, 1833-1868)
• Sweden - Kingdom of Sweden-Norway
  • Monarch - Oscar I, King of Sweden (1844-1859)
  • Chief Minister - Gustaf Sparre, Prime Minister for Justice of Sweden (1848-1856)
  • Foreign Minister - Gustaf Nils Algernon Stierneld, Prime Minister for Foreign Affairs of Sweden-Norway (1848-1856)
• United Kingdom
  • Monarch - Victoria, Queen of Great Britain and Ireland (1837-1901)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. George Hamilton Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1852-1855)
    2. Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1855-1858)

With an area of 18,413 km² and a population of 4. ... Johann I, King of Saxony (12 December 1801-29 October 1873) son of Maximilian, Duke of Saxony (1759-1838) and Caroline of Bourbon-Parma (1770-1804). ... 1854 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1873 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Map of Germany showing Hanover Hanover (German: Hannover [haˈnoːfɐ]), on the river Leine, is the capital of the state of Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen), Germany. ... George V, King of Hanover and 2nd Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale, Georg Friedrich Alexander Karl Ernst August (27 May 1819-12 June 1878) was the only son of Ernst August I, King of Hanover and 1st Duke of Cumberland, the fifth son of King George III of the United... Events January 23 - The flip of a coin determines whether a new city in Oregon is named after Boston, Massachusetts, or Portland, Maine, with Portland winning. ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... Württemberg (often spelled Wurttemberg in English) refers to an area and a former state in Swabia, a region in south-western Germany. ... William I of Württemberg (27 September 1781-25 June 1864) was King of Würtemberg. ... 1816 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1864 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Franz Josef I. Tomb of Franz Josef I, flanked by wife Elisabeth and son Rudolf. ... This is a list of all rulers of Hungary since Árpád. ... 1848 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1916 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January-February January 1 -The first successful blood transfusion using blood that had been stored and cooled. ... King William III (Alexander) (February 17, 1817 – November 23, 1890) was King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1849–1890). ... The Netherlands have been an independent monarchy since 1815, and have been governed by members of the House of Orange-Nassau since. ... 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1890 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Pedro V of Portugal (September 16, 1837 - November 11, 1861) was King of Portugal from 1853 to 1861. ... This is a List of Portuguese monarchs from the independence of Portugal from Castile in 1139, to the beginning of the Republic in October 5, 1910. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Nicholas I Pavlovich (Russian: Николай I Павлович, July 6 (June 25, Old Style), 1796–March 2 (February 18, Old Style), 1855) was the Emperor of Russia and king of Poland from 1825 until his death in 1855. ... Tsar, (Bulgarian цар�, Russian царь; often spelled Czar or Tzar in English), was the title used for the autocratic rulers of the First and Second Bulgarian Empires since 913, in Serbia in the middle of the 14th century, and in Russia from 1547 to 1917. ... 1825 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Alexander II (1818-1881) Alexander (Aleksandr) II (Russian: Александр II Николаевич) (April 17, 1818–March 13, 1881) was the Emperor (tsar) of Russia from March 2, 1855 until his assassination. ... Tsar, (Bulgarian цар�, Russian царь; often spelled Czar or Tzar in English), was the title used for the autocratic rulers of the First and Second Bulgarian Empires since 913, in Serbia in the middle of the 14th century, and in Russia from 1547 to 1917. ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1881 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Isabella II (October 10, 1830–1904), Isabel II in Spanish, was queen of Spain. ... This is a list of Spanish monarchs - that is, rulers of united Spain. ... September 29 is the 272nd day of the year (273rd in leap years). ... 1833 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1868 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Kingdom of Sweden-Norway is a term sometimes, but erroneously, used to refer to the kingdoms of Sweden and Norway between 1814 and 1905, when they were united under one monarch in a personal union, following the Convention of Moss, on August 14, and the Norwegian constitutional revision of... King Oscar I of Sweden and Norway, Joseph François Oscar Bernadotte ( July 4, 1799 - July 8, 1859) was the only son of General Bernadotte, afterwards King Charles XIV of Sweden and Norway, and his wife, Eugenie Desirée Clary, afterwards Queen Desideria. ... This is a list of Swedish monarchs, that is, the Kings and ruling Queens of Sweden with Regents and Viceroys of the Kalmar Union up until the present time. ... 1844 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1859 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... The Prime Minister or Statsminister is the head of Government in Sweden. ... 1848 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Baron Gustaf Nils Algernon Adolf Stierneld (July 12, 1791 - November 14, 1868) was a Swedish politician. ... The Prime Minister or Statsminister is the head of Government in Sweden. ... 1848 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Her Majesty Queen Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria Wettin, née Hanover) (24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom from 20 June 1837, and Empress of India from 1876 until her death. ... The British monarch or Sovereign is the monarch and head of state of the United Kingdom and its overseas territories, and is the source of all executive, judicial and (as the Queen-in-Parliament) legislative power. ... 1837 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1901 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen (January 28, 1784 - December 14, 1860) was a Tory politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1852 until 1855. ... In the United Kingdom, the Prime Minister is the head of government, exercising many of the executive functions nominally vested in the Sovereign, who is head of state. ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (October 20, 1784 - October 18, 1865) was a British Liberal statesman who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century. ... In the United Kingdom, the Prime Minister is the head of government, exercising many of the executive functions nominally vested in the Sovereign, who is head of state. ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1858 is a common year starting on Friday. ...

Middle East and North Africa

• Egypt - Said, Governor of Egypt (1854-1863)
• Kuwait - Sheikh Jabir ibn Abdullah Al Sabah, Ruler of Kuwait (1814-1859)
• Morocco - Abderrahmane, Sultan of Morocco (1822-1859)
• Oman - Sa'id II ibn Sultan, Sultan of Oman (1804-1856)
• Ottoman Empire
  • Monarch - Abd-ul-Mejid, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1839-1861)
  • Grand Vizier -
    1. Mustafa Resid Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1854-1855)
    2. Mehmed Emin Ali Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1855-1856)

Said of Egypt (1822-1863) was the Viceroy (or Pasha) of Egypt from 1854 until 1863, under the Ottoman Empire. ... 1854 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1863 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... The Al-Sabahs have been the Royal family of Kuwait since about 1752. ... 1814 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1859 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... The reign of sultan Moulay Abderrahmane began at the start of the French occupation of Algeria, continuing until the beginning of the reign of Sidi Mohammed VI in 1859. ... This is a partial list of Kings of Morocco. ... 1822 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1859 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... Said II ibn Sultan ruled Oman, Muscat, and Zanzibar from 1806 until 1856. ... 1804 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power Imperial motto El Muzaffer Daima The Ever Victorious (as written in tugra) Official language Ottoman Turkish National Anthem The March for Sultan Abdul-Mejid Capital Ä°stanbul (Constantinople/Asitane/Konstantiniyye ) Sovereigns Sultans of the Osmanli Dynasty Population ca 40 million Area 6. ... Sultan Abdul Mejid I Abd-ul-Mejid (April 23, 1823 – June 25, 1861) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire and succeeded his father Mahmud II on July 2, 1839. ... The Osmanli Dynasty, also the House of Osman, ruled the Ottoman Empire from 1281 to 1923, beginning with Osman I (not counting his father, Ertuğrul), though the dynasty was not proclaimed until 1383 when Murad I declared himself sultan. ... 1839 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Mustafa Reshid Pasha (1800–1858) was a Turkish statesman and diplomat. ... Grand viziers Chief ministers Grand viziers Jun 1882 - November 1882 Küçük Mehmed Said Pasha (1st time) (s. ... 1854 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Grand viziers Chief ministers Grand viziers Jun 1882 - November 1882 Küçük Mehmed Said Pasha (1st time) (s. ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

North American and the Caribbean

• Province of Canada - Sir Edmund Walker Head, Governor of the Province of Canada (1854-1861)
• Costa Rica - Juan Rafael Mora Porras, President (1849-1859)
• Mexico -
  1. Antonio López de Santa Anna, President (1853-1855)
  2. Martín Carrera, President (1855-1855)
  3. Rómulo Díaz de la Vega, President (1855-1855)
  4. Juan Álvarez Benítez, President (1855-1855)
  5. Ignacio Comonfort, President (1855-1857)
• United States - Franklin Pierce, President of the United States (1853-1857)

Note: for information about Canadas present-day provinces, see Provinces of Canada. ... Sir Edmund Walker Head (February 16, 1805-January 28, 1868) was British colonial administrator. ... The Governor General of Canada (French: Gouverneur général or Gouverneure générale) is the representative of the Canadian monarch. ... 1854 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Juan Rafael Mora Porras was President of Costa Rica from 1849 to 1859. ... The following table contains a list of the presidents and heads of state of Costa Rica since Central American independence from Spain and Mexico. ... 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1859 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... Antonio López de Santa Anna Antonio López de Santa Anna Pérez de Lebrón (sometimes spelled de Santa Ana) (21 February 1794 – 21 June 1876) was a Mexican general and dictator. ... This is a list of presidents of Mexico. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Martín Carrera (1806-1871) was interim President of Mexico for a month in 1855. ... This is a list of presidents of Mexico. ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... This is a list of presidents of Mexico. ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... This is a list of presidents of Mexico. ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Ignacio Comonfort (1812 - 1863 ) was a Mexican politician and military officer. ... This is a list of presidents of Mexico. ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Order: 14th President Vice President: William R. King Term of office: March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857 Preceded by: Millard Fillmore Succeeded by: James Buchanan Date of birth: November 23, 1804 Place of birth: Hillsborough, New Hampshire Date of death: October 8, 1869 Place of death: Concord, New Hampshire First... Seal of the President of the United States The President of the United States is the head of state of the United States. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...

South America

• Brazil - Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil (1831-1889)