List of state leaders in 1865 - Events of 1866 - List of state leaders in 1867 - State leaders by year List of state leaders in 1864 - Events of 1865 - List of state leaders in 1866 - State leaders by year // Africa Ashanti Confederacy - Kwaku Dua I Panyin, Asantehene (1834-1867) Buganda - Mutesa I, King of Buganda (1856-1884) Bunyoro - Kyebambe IV, Omukama of Bunyoro (1852-1869) Burundi - Mwezi IV Gisabo, King... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... List of state leaders in 1866 - Events of 1867 - List of state leaders in 1868 - State leaders by year Africa Ashanti Confederacy - Kwaku Dua I Panyin, Asantehene (1834-1867) Kofi Kakari, Asantehene (1867-1874) Buganda - Mutesa I, King of Buganda (1856-1884) Bunyoro - Kyebambe IV, Omukama of Bunyoro (1852-1869... This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in any given year. ...

Africa

• Ashanti Confederacy - Kwaku Dua I Panyin, Asantehene (1834-1867)
• Buganda - Mutesa I, King of Buganda (1856-1884)
• Bunyoro - Kyebambe IV, Omukama of Bunyoro (1852-1869)
• Burundi - Mwezi IV Gisabo, King of Burundi (1852-1908)
• Dahomey - Glele, King of Dahomey (1856-1889)
• Ethiopia - Tewodros II, Emperor of Ethiopia (1855-1868)
• Rwanda - Kigeri IV, King of Rwanda (1853-1895)
• Sokoto Caliphate
  • Caliph -
    1. Ahmad bin Atiku, Sokoto Caliph (1859-1866)
    2. Ali bin Bello II, Sokoto Caliph (1866-1867)
  • Grand Vizier - Ibrahim Khalilu, Sokoto Grand Vizier (1859-c.1874)
• Zanzibar - Sayyid Majid bin Said Al-Busaid, Sultan of Zanzibar (1856-1870)
• Zulu - Mpande kaSenzangakhona, King of the Zulu (1840-1872)

A shrunken Ashanti Confederacy near the end of its existence in 1896 The Ashanti Confederacy was a powerful state in West Africa in the years prior to European colonization. ... HRH Kwaku Dua I Panyin (c. ... The Asantehene is the ruler of the Ashanti people, while today it is a strictly ceremonial role, it was once a position of great power as the leader of the Ashanti Confederacy. ... 1834 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1867 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Buganda is the kingdom of the 52 clans of the Baganda people, the largest of the four traditional kingdoms in present-day Uganda. ... Mukaabya of Buganda (c. ... Buganda is the kingdom of the Baganda people, the largest of the four traditional kingdoms in present-day Uganda. ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1884 is a leap year starting on Tuesday (click on link to calendar). ... Bunyoro is a region of Uganda, and from the sixteenth to the nineteenth century one of the most powerful kingdoms of East Africa. ... Omukama of Bunyoro is the name given to rulers of the central African kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara. ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1869 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Mwami Mwezi IV Gisabo Bikata-Bijoga (1840 – 1908) was the king of Burundi from 1852 to 1908. ... Burundi was ruled by a monarch until 1966. ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1908 is a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Dahomey was an African kingdom situated in what is now Benin. ... Badohou, who took the throne name Glele, is considered (if Adandozan is not counted) to be the tenth King of Dahomey (now Benin). ... Dahomey was an African kingdom situated in what is now Benin. ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1889 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Tewodros II (also known as Theodore II) (born Kassa Hailu) (1818-1868) was an emperor of Ethiopia. ... The Emperor of Ethiopia (Amharic negus negust, King of Kings) was the hereditary ruler of Ethiopia until the abolition of the monarchy in 1975. ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1868 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... This page contains a list of Kings (Mwami, singular Aba) of Rwanda. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1895 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... This article is in need of attention. ... The Sokoto Caliph was the ruler of the Sokoto Caliphate. ... 1859 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... The Sokoto Caliph was the ruler of the Sokoto Caliphate. ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... 1867 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The Sokoto Grand Vizier was the Grand Vizier to the Sokoto Caliph of the Sokoto Caliphate. ... 1859 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... 1874 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Map of Zanzibars main island Zanzibar, Tanzania, comprises a pair of islands off the east coast of Africa called Zanzibar (Unguja) (1994 est. ... Sayyid Majid bin Said Al-Busaid (1834/5 - October 7, 1870) was the first Sultan of Zanzibar. ... In 1698 Zanzibar became part of the overseas holdings of Oman, falling under the control of the Sultan of Oman. ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1870 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... The Zulu are an African ethnic group of about 11 million people who live mainly in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. ... Mpande (1798 - 1872) was king of the Zulu nation from 1840 to 1872, making him the longest reigning Zulu king. ... This List of Zulu kings gives a list of Zulu chieftains and kings from their earliest known history up to the current monarch: Malandela kaLuzumana Ntombhela kaMalandela, son of Malandela. ... 1840 is a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1872 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

Asia

• Afghanistan
  • Emir -
    1. Shir Ali Khan, Emir of Afghanistan (1863-1866)
    2. Mohammed Afzal Khan, Emir of Afghanistan (1866-1868)
• China (Qing Dynasty) - Tóngzhì, Emperor of China (1861-1875)
• Japan
  • Monarch - Kōmei, Emperor of Japan (1846-1867)
  • Shogun (Tokugawa) - Tokugawa Iemochi, Shogun of Japan (1858-1866)
• Korea (Joseon Dynasty) - Gojong, King of Joseon (1864-1907, Emperor after 1897)
• Oman -
  1. Thuwaini bin Said, Sultan of Oman (1856-1866)
  2. Salim bin Thuwaini, Sultan of Oman (1866-1868)

Shir Ali Khan (1825-1879) was the Emir of Afghanistan from 1863 to 1866 and from 1868 until his death. ... The Emir of Afghanistan is the title of the sovereign of Afghanistan. ... 1863 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... The Emir of Afghanistan is the title of the sovereign of Afghanistan. ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... 1868 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Qing Dynasty (Manchu: daicing gurun; Chinese: 清朝; pinyin: qÄ«ng cháo; Wade-Giles: ching chao), sometimes known as the Manchu Dynasty, was founded by the Manchu clan Aisin Gioro, in what is today northeast China expanded into China proper and the surrounding territories of Inner Asia, establishing... The Tongzhi Emperor (April 27, 1856–January 12, 1875) was the ninth emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty, and the eigth Qing emperor to rule over China, from 1861 to 1875. ... The emperor or huangdi (皇帝 in pinyin: huang2 di4) of China was the head of government and head of state of China from the Qin dynasty in 221 B.C. until the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... 1875 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Emperor Kōmei of Japan Emperor Kōmei (孝明天皇) (July 22, 1831 - January 30, 1867) was the 121st imperial ruler of Japan. ... His Majesty Emperor Akihito of Japan The Emperor of Japan (天皇 tennō) is arguably Japans titular head of state and the head of the Japanese Imperial Family. ... 1846 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1867 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The Tokugawa shogunate or Tokugawa bakufu (徳川幕府) (also known as the Edo bakufu) was a feudal military dictatorship of Japan established in 1603 by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family until 1868. ... Tokugawa Iemochi (徳川 家茂; 1846–1866) was the 14th shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan, who held office 1858 to 1866. ... In Japanese history, a shōgun (将軍) was the practical ruler of Japan for most of the time from 1192 to the Meiji Era beginning in 1868. ... 1858 is a common year starting on Friday. ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... Korea (한국) is a formerly unified country, situated on the Korean Peninsula in northern East Asia, bordering on China to the west and Russia to the north. ... The Joseon Dynasty (alternatively, Choson or Chosun) was the final ruling dynasty of Korea, lasting from 1392 until 1910. ... Gojong (1852–1919) was the 26th king and 1st emperor of the Korean Joseon Dynasty. ... Korea has been ruled by a number of kingdoms/empires and republics over the last several millennia. ... 1864 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1907 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1897 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... 1868 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

Europe

• Belgium - Leopold II, King of the Belgians (1865-1909)
• Denmark
  • Monarch - Christian IX, King of Denmark (1863-1906)
  • Prime Minister - Christian Emil, Prime Minister of Denmark (1865-1870)
• France - Napoleon III, Emperor of the French (1852-1870)
• German Confederation - dissolved in 1866 as a result of the Austro-Prussian War
  • Franz Joseph of Austria, President of the German Confederation (1850-1866),
  • Austria - Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria (1848-1916)
  • Prussia -
    • Monarch - Wilhelm I, King of Prussia (1861-1888)
    • Prime Minister - Otto von Bismarck, Minister-President of Prussia (1862-1873)
  • Bavaria - Ludwig II, King of Bavaria (1864-1886)
  • Saxony - Johann, King of Saxony (1854-1873)
  • Hanover -
    • George, King of Hanover (1851-1866)
    • Defeated and annexed by Prussia in 1866
  • Württemberg - Karl, King of Württemberg (1864-1891)
• Holy See - Pope Pius IX (1846-1878)
• Italy -
  • Monarch - Vittorio Emanuele II, King of Italy (1861-1878)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Marchese la Marmora, Prime Minister of Italy (1864 - 1866)
    2. Bettino Ricasoli, Prime Minister of Italy (1866-1867)
• Netherlands - William III, King of the Netherlands (1849-1890)
• Norway - Carl IV, King of Norway (1859-1872)
• Ottoman Empire - Abd-ul-Aziz, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1861-1876)
• Portugal - Luis, King of Portugal (1861-1889)
• Romania
  • Prince -
    1. Alexander John Cuza, Prince of Romania (1859-1866)
    2. Carol I, Prince of Romania (1866-1881)
• Russia - Alexander II, Tsar of Russia (1855-1881)
• Spain - Isabella II, Queen of Spain (1833-1868)
• Sweden - Kingdom of Sweden-Norway
  • Monarch - Charles XV, King of Sweden (1859-1872)
  • Chief Minister - Louis Gerhard De Geer , Prime Minister for Justice of Sweden (1858-1870)
  • Foreign Minister - Ludvig Manderström, Prime Minister for Foreign Affairs of Sweden-Norway (1858-1868)
• United Kingdom
  • Monarch - Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1837-1901)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1865-1866)
    2. Edward Geoffrey Smith Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1852, 1858, 1866-1868)

King Leopold II His Majesty King Leopold II of the Belgians (Louis Philippe Marie Victor) (April 9, 1835–December 17, 1909), succeeded his father, Leopold I of Belgium, to the Belgian throne in 1865 and remained king until his death. ... The royal palace in Brussels Successive Belgian kings are Leopold I (1831-1865) Leopold II (1865-1909) Albert I (1909-1934) Leopold III (1934-1951) abdicated Prince Charles of Belgium (1944-1950) Prince Regent Baudouin I (1951-1993) Albert II (1993- ) None of these were King of Belgium: their title... 1865 is a common year starting on Sunday. ... 1909 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Christian IX of Denmark (April 8, 1818 – January 29, 1906) was King of Denmark from November 15, 1863 to January 29, 1906. ... This is a list of Danish monarchs, that is, the Kings and ruling Queen of Denmark, including Regents of the Kalmar Union. ... 1863 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1906 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... This is a list over the heads of government in Denmark, from the establishment of a constitutional monarchy in 1849 until present. ... 1865 is a common year starting on Sunday. ... 1870 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte (April 20, 1808, Paris, France - January 9, 1873, Chislehurst, Kent, England) was a President of France, and later, Emperor of the French. ... Kings ruled in France from the Middle Ages to 1848. ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1870 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... The German Confederation (German: Deutscher Bund) was a loose association of Central European states created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 to organize the surviving states of the Holy Roman Empire, which had been abolished in 1806. ... The Austro-Prussian War (also called the Seven Weeks War or the German Civil War) was a war fought between the Austrian Empire and Prussia in 1866 that resulted in Prussian dominance in Germany. ... Franz Joseph I Franz Joseph I (in English also Francis Joseph) ( August 18, 1830 – November 21, 1916) of the Habsburg Dynasty was Emperor of Austria and King of Bohemia from 1848 until 1916 and King of Hungary from 1867 until 1916. ... 1850 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... Franz Joseph I Franz Joseph I (in English also Francis Joseph) ( August 18, 1830 – November 21, 1916) of the Habsburg Dynasty was Emperor of Austria and King of Bohemia from 1848 until 1916 and King of Hungary from 1867 until 1916. ... The title of Emperor of Austria was proclaimed in 1804 by the Habsburg Holy Roman Emperor, Francis II, who feared for the future of the old Reich in the face of Napoleons aggressions, and wished to maintain his imperial title in the event that the Holy Roman Empire should... 1848 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1916 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January-February January 1 -The first successful blood transfusion using blood that had been stored and cooled. ... The coat of arms of the Kingdom of Prussia, 1701-1918 The word Prussia (German: Preußen or Preussen, Polish: Prusy, Lithuanian: PrÅ«sai, Latin: Borussia) has had various (often contradictory) meanings: The land of the Baltic Prussians (in what is now parts of southern Lithuania, the Kaliningrad exclave of... Wilhelm I of Germany Wilhelm I, (March 22, 1797 - March 9, 1888), German Emperor (Kaiser), ruled January 18, 1871-1888 and king of Prussia, ruled 1861-1888. ... The following is a list of Kings of Prussia (Könige von Preußen) from the Hohenzollern family. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... 1888 is a leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). ... Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck-Schönhausen, Duke of Lauenburg (April 1, 1815 – July 30, 1898) was one of the most prominent European aristocrats and statesmen of the nineteenth century. ... The Prime Minister (Ministerpräsident) of Prussia existed in one form or another from 1792 until the dissolution of Prussia in 1947. ... 1862 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1873 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... With an area of 70,553 km² (27,241 square miles) and 12. ... Ludwig II of Bavaria Ludwig (Louis) II, King of Bavaria, Ludwig Friedrich Wilhelm, also known as Ludwig the Mad (August 25, 1845 - June 13, 1886) was king of Bavaria from 1864 until his death. ... King of Bavaria was a title held by the hereditary rulers of Bavaria from 1805 till 1918, when the kingdom was abolished. ... 1864 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1886 is a common year starting on Friday (click on link to calendar) // Events January 18 - Modern field hockey is born with the formation of The Hockey Association in England. ... With an area of 18,413 km² and a population of 4. ... Johann I, King of Saxony (12 December 1801-29 October 1873) son of Maximilian, Duke of Saxony (1759-1838) and Caroline of Bourbon-Parma (1770-1804). ... 1854 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1873 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Map of Germany showing Hanover Hanover (German: Hannover [haˈnoːfɐ]), on the river Leine, is the capital of the state of Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen), Germany. ... George V, King of Hanover and 2nd Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale, Georg Friedrich Alexander Karl Ernst August (27 May 1819-12 June 1878) was the only son of Ernst August I, King of Hanover and 1st Duke of Cumberland, the fifth son of King George III of the United... Events January 23 - The flip of a coin determines whether a new city in Oregon is named after Boston, Massachusetts, or Portland, Maine, with Portland winning. ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... Württemberg (often spelled Wurttemberg in English) refers to an area and a former state in Swabia, a region in south-western Germany. ... Karl of Württemberg was the third King of Württemberg, from 25 June 1864 until his death. ... 1864 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1891 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... The Blessed Pope Pius IX, born Giovanni Maria Mastai Ferretti (May 13, 1792 – February 7, 1878), was pope for a record pontificate of over 31 years, from June 16, 1846 until his death. ... 1846 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1878 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Victor Emmanuel II (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele II; March 14, 1820 – January 9, 1878) was the King of Piedmont, Savoy and Sardinia from 1849–1861. ... King of Italy is a title adopted by many rulers after the fall of the Roman Empire. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... 1878 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Alfonso Ferrero la Marmora (November 18, 1804 - 1878), Italian general and statesman, was born at Turin. ... This is a list of Prime Ministers of Italy. ... 1864 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... Bettino, baron Ricasoli (March 29, 1809 - October 23, 1880), Italian statesman, was born at Broglio. ... This is a list of Prime Ministers of Italy. ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... 1867 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... King William III (Alexander) (February 17, 1817 – November 23, 1890) was King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1849–1890). ... The Netherlands have been an independent monarchy since 1815, and have been governed by members of the House of Orange-Nassau since. ... 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1890 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... King Charles XV of Sweden, Charles IV of Norway, Carl Ludvig Eugén (May 3, 1826 - August 19, 1872), was the eldest son of King Sweden and Norway, and Josephine of Leuchtenberg. ... This article is a list of rulers of Norway up until the present, including: The Norwegian kingdom (with the Faroe Islands) The Union with Iceland and Greenland (1262-1814) The Norwegian kingdom (with Iceland, Greenland and the Faroe Islands 1262-1814) The Union of Sweden and Norway (1319-1343) The... 1859 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... 1872 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power Imperial motto El Muzaffer Daima The Ever Victorious (as written in tugra) Official language Ottoman Turkish National Anthem The March for Sultan Abdul-Mejid Capital Ä°stanbul (Constantinople/Asitane/Konstantiniyye ) Sovereigns Sultans of the Osmanli Dynasty Population ca 40 million Area 6. ... Sultan Abd-ul-Aziz Abd-ul-aziz (February 9, 1830 – 1876) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1861 to May 30, 1876. ... The Osmanli Dynasty, also the House of Osman, ruled the Ottoman Empire from 1281 to 1923, beginning with Osman I (not counting his father, Ertuğrul), though the dynasty was not proclaimed until 1383 when Murad I declared himself sultan. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... 1876 is a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Luis I, King of Portugal (October 31, 1838 – October 19, 1889) was the second son of Maria II da Glória and Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. ... This is a List of Portuguese monarchs from the independence of Portugal from Castile in 1139, to the beginning of the Republic in October 5, 1910. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... 1889 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Alexander John (Alexandru Ioan) Cuza Alexandru Ioan Cuza (March 20, 1820, Galaţi - May 15, 1873, Heidelberg), known more commonly in English as Alexander John Cuza, was the domnitor (ruler) of the United Principalites of Romania between 1859 and 1866. ... The King of Romania was the title of the ruler of the Kingdom of Romania from 1881 until 1947 when Romania was proclaimed a republic. ... 1859 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... Carol I, original name Karl Eitel Friedrich Zephyrinus Ludwig von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (April 20, 1839 - October 10, 1914) was elected Domnitor (prince) of Romania in April 1866 following the overthrow of Alexander John Cuza, and proclaimed king on March 26, 1881. ... The King of Romania was the title of the ruler of the Kingdom of Romania from 1881 until 1947 when Romania was proclaimed a republic. ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... 1881 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Alexander II (1818-1881) Alexander (Aleksandr) II (Russian: Александр II Николаевич) (April 17, 1818–March 13, 1881) was the Emperor (tsar) of Russia from March 2, 1855 until his assassination. ... Tsar, (Bulgarian цар�, Russian царь; often spelled Czar or Tzar in English), was the title used for the autocratic rulers of the First and Second Bulgarian Empires since 913, in Serbia in the middle of the 14th century, and in Russia from 1547 to 1917. ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1881 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Isabella II (October 10, 1830–1904), Isabel II in Spanish, was queen of Spain. ... This is a list of Spanish monarchs - that is, rulers of united Spain. ... 1833 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1868 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Kingdom of Sweden-Norway is a term sometimes, but erroneously, used to refer to the kingdoms of Sweden and Norway between 1814 and 1905, when they were united under one monarch in a personal union, following the Convention of Moss, on August 14, and the Norwegian constitutional revision of... King Karl XV of Sweden, Carl IV of Norway, Carl Ludvig Eugén (May 3, 1826 - August 19, 1872), was the eldest son of King Oscar I of Sweden and Norway, and Josephine of Leuchtenberg. ... This is a list of Swedish monarchs, that is, the Kings and ruling Queens of Sweden with Regents and Viceroys of the Kalmar Union up until the present time. ... 1859 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... 1872 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Louis De Geer. ... The Prime Minister or Statsminister is the head of Government in Sweden. ... 1858 is a common year starting on Friday. ... 1870 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... The Prime Minister or Statsminister is the head of Government in Sweden. ... 1858 is a common year starting on Friday. ... 1868 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Her Majesty Queen Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria Wettin, née Hanover) (24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom from 20 June 1837, and Empress of India from 1876 until her death. ... The British monarch or Sovereign is the monarch and head of state of the United Kingdom and its overseas territories, and is the source of all executive, judicial and (as the Queen-in-Parliament) legislative power. ... 1837 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1901 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... John Russell, 1st Earl Russell (August 18, 1792 – May 28, 1878), known as Lord John Russell before 1861, was a British Whig and Liberal statesman who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century. ... In the United Kingdom, the Prime Minister is the head of government, exercising many of the executive functions nominally vested in the Sovereign, who is head of state. ... 1865 is a common year starting on Sunday. ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... Edward George Geoffrey Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby. ... In the United Kingdom, the Prime Minister is the head of government, exercising many of the executive functions nominally vested in the Sovereign, who is head of state. ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1858 is a common year starting on Friday. ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... 1868 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

Middle East and North Africa

• Abu Dhabi - Zaid ibn Khalifa, Shaikh of Abu Dhabi (1855-1909)
• Egypt - Ismail, Governor of Egypt (1863-1867)
• Morocco - Mohammed IV, Sultan of Morocco (1859-1873)
• Ottoman Empire
  • Monarch - Abd-ul-Aziz, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1861-1876)
  • Grand Vizier -
    1. Keçecizade Mehmed Fuad Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1863-1866)
    2. Mütercim Mehmed Rüstü Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1866-1867)

Abu Dhabi or Abu Zaby (Arabic language: أبوظبي) is the largest of the seven emirates that comprise the United Arab Emirates and was also the largest of the former Trucial States. ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1909 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... redirect Ismail Pasha ... 1863 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1867 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Mohammed IV was Sultan of Morocco from 1859 to 1873, and was a member of the Alaouite Dynasty. ... This is a partial list of Kings of Morocco. ... 1859 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... 1873 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power Imperial motto El Muzaffer Daima The Ever Victorious (as written in tugra) Official language Ottoman Turkish National Anthem The March for Sultan Abdul-Mejid Capital Ä°stanbul (Constantinople/Asitane/Konstantiniyye ) Sovereigns Sultans of the Osmanli Dynasty Population ca 40 million Area 6. ... Sultan Abd-ul-Aziz Abd-ul-aziz (February 9, 1830 – 1876) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1861 to May 30, 1876. ... The Osmanli Dynasty, also the House of Osman, ruled the Ottoman Empire from 1281 to 1923, beginning with Osman I (not counting his father, Ertuğrul), though the dynasty was not proclaimed until 1383 when Murad I declared himself sultan. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... 1876 is a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Grand viziers Chief ministers Grand viziers Jun 1882 - November 1882 Küçük Mehmed Said Pasha (1st time) (s. ... 1863 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... Grand viziers Chief ministers Grand viziers Jun 1882 - November 1882 Küçük Mehmed Said Pasha (1st time) (s. ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... 1867 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

North America and Caribbean

• Province of Canada
  • Governor - The Viscount Monck of Ballytrammon, Governor of the Province of Canada (1861-1867)
  • Joint Premiers - Sir John A. Macdonald and Sir Narcisse-Fortunat Belleau, Joint Premiers of the Province of Canada (1865-1867)
• Costa Rica -
  1. Jesús Jiménez Zamora , President of Costa Rica (1863-1866)
  2. José María Castro Madriz, President of Costa Rica (1866-1868)
• Mexico - Maximilian of Habsburg, Emperor of Mexico (1864-1867)
• United States - Andrew Johnson, President of the United States (1865-1869)

Note: for information about Canadas present-day provinces, see Provinces of Canada. ... Viscount Monck, 1868 Charles Stanley Monck, 4th Viscount Monck (October 10, 1819 - November 29, 1894) was the last Governor General of the Province of Canada and the first Governor General of Canada after Canadian Confederation. ... The Governor General of Canada (French: Gouverneur général or Gouverneure générale) is the representative of the Canadian monarch. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... 1867 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The Right Honourable Sir John Alexander Macdonald, GCB, QC, PC (January 11, 1815 – June 6, 1891) was the first Prime Minister of Canada from July 1, 1867 – November 5, 1873 and October 17, 1878 – June 6, 1891. ... Sir Narcisse-Fortunat Belleau KCMG (October 20, 1808–September 14, 1894) was a Canadian politician, lawyer and businessman. ... Joint Premiers of the Province of Canada were the leaders of the Province of Canada, from the 1841 unification of Upper Canada and Lower Canada until Confederation in 1867. ... 1865 is a common year starting on Sunday. ... 1867 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Jesús María Ciriaco Jiménez Zamora was President of Costa Rica on two occasions: 1863 to 1866, and 1868 to 1870. ... The following table contains a list of the presidents and heads of state of Costa Rica since Central American independence from Spain and Mexico. ... 1863 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... José María Castro Madriz wielded executive power in Costa Rica on two occasions: 1847 to 1849, and 1866 to 1868. ... The following table contains a list of the presidents and heads of state of Costa Rica since Central American independence from Spain and Mexico. ... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... 1868 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Maximilian I, Emperor of Mexico, (July 6, 1832 - June 19, 1867) was a member of Austrias Imperial Habsburg family. ... The Mexican Empire was the name of Mexico on two non-consecutive occasions in the 19th century when it was ruled by an Emperor. ... 1864 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1867 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Andrew Johnson (December 29, 1808 – July 31, 1875) was the sixteenth Vice President (1865) and the seventeenth President of the United States (1865–1869), succeeding to the presidency upon the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. ... Seal of the President of the United States The President of the United States is the head of state of the United States. ... 1865 is a common year starting on Sunday. ... 1869 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...

South America

• Brazil - Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil (1831-1889)

List of state leaders in 1865 - Events of 1866 - List of state leaders in 1867 - State leaders by year Dom Pedro IIs family Dom Pedro II and President Ulysses S. Grant, Philadelphia Exposition, 1876 Dom Pedro II in his old age Dom Pedro II of Brazil Dom Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil (December 2, 1825-December 5, 1891) was the second and final Brazilian Emperor. ... The Brazilian monarchs were the rulers of Brazil from its discovery in 1500 until 1889. ... 1831 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1889 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... List of state leaders in 1864 - Events of 1865 - List of state leaders in 1866 - State leaders by year // Africa Ashanti Confederacy - Kwaku Dua I Panyin, Asantehene (1834-1867) Buganda - Mutesa I, King of Buganda (1856-1884) Bunyoro - Kyebambe IV, Omukama of Bunyoro (1852-1869) Burundi - Mwezi IV Gisabo, King... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... List of state leaders in 1866 - Events of 1867 - List of state leaders in 1868 - State leaders by year Africa Ashanti Confederacy - Kwaku Dua I Panyin, Asantehene (1834-1867) Kofi Kakari, Asantehene (1867-1874) Buganda - Mutesa I, King of Buganda (1856-1884) Bunyoro - Kyebambe IV, Omukama of Bunyoro (1852-1869... This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in any given year. ...