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This is a list of string theory topics, by Wikipedia page. See also: list of mathematical topics in quantum theory. Interaction in the subatomic world: world lines of pointlike particles in the Standard Model or a world sheet swept up by closed strings in string theory String theory is a model of fundamental physics whose building blocks are one-dimensional extended objects (strings) rather than the zero-dimensional points (particles...
This is a list of mathematical topics in quantum theory, by Wikipedia page. ...
Interaction in the subatomic world: world lines of pointlike particles in the Standard Model or a world sheet swept up by closed strings in string theory String theory is a model of fundamental physics whose building blocks are one-dimensional extended objects (strings) rather than the zero-dimensional points (particles...
A string is the fundamental object of study in a branch of theoretical physics called string theory. ...
The Nambu-Goto action is the simplest invariant action in bosonic string theory. ...
In physics, the Polyakov action is the two-dimensional action of a conformal field theory describing the worldsheet of a string in string theory. ...
Bosonic string theory is the original version of string theory, developed in the late 1960s. ...
Superstring theory is an attempt to explain all of the particles and fundamental forces of nature in one theory by modeling them as vibrations of tiny supersymmetric strings. ...
In theoretical physics, type I string theory is one of five consistent supersymmetric string theories in ten dimensions. ...
In theoretical physics, type II string theory is a unified term that includes both type IIA strings and type IIB strings. ...
In theoretical physics, type II string theory is a unified term that includes both type IIA strings and type IIB strings. ...
In theoretical physics, type II string theory is a unified term that includes both type IIA strings and type IIB strings. ...
In physics, a heterotic string is a peculiar mixture (or hybrid) of the bosonic string and the superstring (the adjective heterotic comes from the Greek word heterosis). ...
In theoretical physics, D-branes are a special class of p-branes, named for the physicist Johann Dirichlet. ...
M-theory is a solution proposed for the unknown theory of everything which would combine all five superstring theories and 11-dimensional supergravity together. ...
Matrix theory (also written M(atrix) Theory) is a fundamental formulation of M-theory, in terms of interacting D0-branes (zero-dimensional Dirichlet branes) in infinite momentum frame, proposed by Banks, Fischler, Shenker, and Susskind. ...
M-theory is a cutting-edge theory of physics that deals with the extension of superstring theory. ...
In physics, in the context of string theory, F-theory is formally a 12-dimensional theory, but the only way to obtain an acceptable background is to compactify this theory on a two-torus. ...
String field theory is a proposal to define string theory in such a way that the background independence is respected. ...
In physics, matrix string theory is the first known set of equations that describe superstring theory in a non-perturbatively complete and consistent framework. ...
In quantum field theory, a nonlinear σ model is describes a scalar field Σ which takes on values in a nonlinear manifold called the target manifold T. The target manifold is equipped with a Riemannian metric g. ...
In physics, tachyon condensation is a process in which a tachyonic field—usually a scalar field—of a negative squared mass acquires a vacuum expectation value and reaches the minimum of the potential energy. ...
In theoretical physics, the RNS formalism or Ramond-Neveu-Schwarz formalism is a particular method to describe the degrees of freedom of a string in superstring theory in which the elementary fields on the worldsheet are the bosonic scalar fields describing the embedding of the string in spacetime, and fermionic...
The string theory landscape or anthropic landscape refers to the large number of different false vacua in string theory. ...
In physics, the first superstring revolution is a period of important discoveries in string theory roughly between 1984 and 1986. ...
The second superstring revolution refers to the intense wave of breakthroughs in string theory that took place approximately between 1994 and 1997. ...
String dualities - T-duality
- S-duality
- U-duality
- type I/heterotic duality
- Montonen-Olive duality
- Mysterious duality
T-duality is a symmetry of string theory, relating type IIA and type IIB string theory, and the two heterotic string theories. ...
In theoretical physics, S-duality (also a strong-weak duality) is an equivalence of two quantum field theories, string theories, or M-theory. ...
U-duality is a symmetry of string theory or M-theory combining S-duality and T-duality transformations. ...
In theoretical physics, Montonen-Olive duality is the oldest known example of S-duality or a strong-weak duality. ...
In theoretical physics, mysterious duality is a set of mathematical similarities between some objects and laws (and perhaps all of them, if the conjecture is extended appropriately) describing M-theory on k-dimensional tori (i. ...
Particles and fields In physics, the graviton is a hypothetical elementary particle that transmits the force of gravity in most quantum gravity systems. ...
In theoretical physics, dilaton originally referred to a theoretical scalar field; as a photon refers in one sense to the electromagnetic field. ...
A tachyon (from the Greek ταχÏÏ‚ takhús, meaning swift) is any hypothetical particle that travels at superluminal velocity. ...
In theoretical physics, Ramond-Ramond fields are differential form fields in the 10-dimensional spacetime of type II supergravity theories, which are the classical limits of type II string theory. ...
In theoretical physics in general and string theory in particular, the Kalb-Ramond field, also known as the NS-NS B-field, is a quantum field that transforms as a two-form i. ...
In physics, a magnetic monopole is a hypothetical particle that may be loosely described as a magnet with only one pole (see electromagnetic theory for more on magnetic poles). ...
Branes are objects in M-theory and its offshoot, brane cosmology. ...
In theoretical physics, D-branes are a special class of p-branes, named for the physicist Johann Dirichlet. ...
In theoretical physics, an S-brane is a hypothetical and controversial counterpart of a D-brane in string theory which is, unlike a D-brane, localized in time. ...
In general relativity, a black brane is a solution of the equations that generalizes a black hole solution but it is also extended - and translationally symmetric - in p additional spatial dimensions. ...
Brane cosmology is a protoscience motivated by, but not rigorously derived from, superstring theory and M-theory. ...
In physics, a quiver diagram is a graph representing the matter content of a gauge theory that describes D-branes on orbifolds. ...
This article is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ...
In theoretical physics, a supergravity theory is a field theory combining supersymmetry and general relativity. ...
Superspace has had two meanings in physics. ...
In mathematics, a Lie superalgebra is a kind of generalisation of a Lie algebra. ...
The concept of supergroup is a generalization of a that of group. ...
A conformal field theory is a quantum field theory (or statistical mechanics model) that is invariant under the conformal group. ...
In mathematics, the Virasoro group is a central extension of the orientation-preserving diffeomorphism group of the circle. ...
In physics and mathematics, mirror symmetry is a surprising relation that can exist between two Calabi-Yau manifolds. ...
Conformal anomaly is an anomaly a quantum phenomenon that breaks the conformal symmetry of the classical theory. ...
In mathematics, conformal geometry is the study of the set of angle-preserving (conformal) transformations on a Riemannian manifold or pseudo-Riemannian manifold. ...
In theoretical physics, the superconformal algebra is a graded Lie algebra or superalgebra that combines the conformal algebra and supersymmetry. ...
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
In mathematics, loop algebras are certain types of Lie algebra, of particular interest in theoretical physics. ...
In mathematics, a Kac-Moody algebra is a Lie algebra, usually infinite-dimensional, that can be defined through a generalized root system. ...
In theoretical physics and mathematics, the Wess-Zumino-Witten (WZW) model, also called the Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten model, is a simple model of conformal field theory whose solutions are realized by affine Kac-Moody algebras. ...
Geometry In physics, Kaluza-Klein theory (or KK theory, for short) is a model which sought to unify the two fundamental forces of gravitation and electromagnetism. ...
In physics, compactification plays an important part in string theory. ...
In our personal human experiences, we seem to exist in a universe with three spatial dimensions. ...
In mathematics, a Kähler manifold is a complex manifold which also carries a Riemannian metric and a symplectic form on the underlying real manifold in such a way that the three structures (complex, Riemannian, and symplectic) are all mutually compatible. ...
In mathematics, Ricci-flat manifolds are Riemannian manifolds whose Ricci tensor vanishes. ...
Calabi-Yau manifold (an artists impression) In mathematics, a Calabi-Yau manifold is a compact Kähler manifold with a vanishing first Chern class. ...
In mathematics, a hyperkähler manifold is a Riemannian manifold of dimension 4k and holonomy group Sp(k). ...
A K3 manifold is a hyperkähler manifold of real dimension 4, i. ...
The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. ...
In mathematics, a Spin(7)-manifold is an eight-dimensional Riemannian manifold with the expectional holonomy group Spin(7). ...
In topology, an orbifold is a generalization of manifold. ...
In mathematics, a conifold is a generalization of the notion of a manifold. ...
In theoretical physics, orientifold is a generalization of the notion of orbifold. ...
In theoretical physics, moduli are scalar fields whose different values are equally good (each one such scalar field is called a modulus). ...
In theoretical physics, a Horava-Witten domain wall is a type of domain wall that behaves as a boundary of the eleven-dimensional spacetime in M-theory. ...
In string theory, K-theory, which is a central object of study in abstract algebra and in algebraic topology, has been conjectured to classify the allowed Ramond-Ramond field strengths; and also the charges of stable D-branes. ...
In mathematics, twisted K-theory is a variation on K-theory, a mathematical theory from the 1950s that spans algebraic topology, abstract algebra and operator theory. ...
Holography Holography (from the Greek, Όλος-holos whole + γÏαφή-graphe writing) is the science of producing holograms, an advanced form of photography that allows an image to be recorded in three dimensions. ...
The holographic principle is a speculative conjecture about quantum gravity theories, proposed by Gerard t Hooft and improved and promoted by Leonard Susskind, claiming that all of the information contained in a volume of space can be represented by a theory that lives in the boundary of that region. ...
In physics, the AdS/CFT correspondence is the equivalence between a string theory (or some other theory of quantum gravity like supergravity) defined on anti de Sitter space (AdS) (or the product of AdS with some closed manifold, orbifold, or noncommutative space), and a conformal field theory (CFT) defined on...
A black hole is a concentration of mass great enough that the force of gravity prevents anything past its event horizon from escaping it except through quantum tunnelling behaviour (known as Hawking Radiation). ...
Gauge theories are a class of physical theories based on the idea that symmetry transformations can be performed locally as well as globally. ...
In physics, an anomaly is a classical symmetry — a symmetry of the Lagrangian — that is broken in quantum field theories. ...
This article is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ...
In mathematics, the Chern-Simons forms are certain secondary characteristic classes. ...
The Bogomolnyi Prasad Sommerfield bound refers to a series of inequalities for solutions of partial differential equations depending on the homotopy class of the solution at infinity. ...
In mathematics, a simple Lie group is a Lie group which is also a simple group. ...
In mathematics, G2 is the name of a Lie group and also its Lie algebra . ...
In mathematics, F4 is the name of a Lie group and also its Lie algebra . ...
In mathematics, E6 is the name of a Lie group and also its Lie algebra . ...
In mathematics, E7 is the name of a Lie group and also its Lie algebra . ...
In mathematics, E8 is the name of a Lie group and also its Lie algebra . ...
In mathematics, the ADE classification is the complete list of simply laced groups or other mathematical objects satisfying analogous axioms. ...
In physics, a Dirac string is a fictitious one-dimensional curve in space, stretched from a magnetic monopole - also called the Dirac monopole - to infinity. ...
Ordinary Abelian electrodynamics We have a one-form A, a gauge symmetry where α is any arbitrary fixed 0-form and d is the exterior derivative, and a gauge-invariant vector current J with density 1 satisfying the continuity equation where * is the Hodge dual. ...
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