NationMaster - Encyclopedia: List of topics related to Black and African people

Image File history File links Flag_of_the_UNIA.svg The red, black and green flag was created by the members of the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League at their convention held in Madison Square Garden on August 13, 1920. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_UNIA.svg The red, black and green flag was created by the members of the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League at their convention held in Madison Square Garden on August 13, 1920. ... The Red, Black and Green flag designed by the UNIA in 1920. ... Two sets of three colours are referred to as the Pan-African colours. ...

Overview articles

This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Though most indigenous Africans possess relatively dark skin, they exhibit much variation in physical appearance. ... Pan-Africanism is a term which can have two separate, but related meanings. ... The African diaspora is the diaspora created by the movements and cultures of Africans and their descendants throughout the world, to places such as the Americas, (including the United States, Canada, the Caribbean, Central America, and South America); Europe and Asia. ...

Black and African people by region

Americas

North America

An African American (also Afro-American, Black American, or simply black) is a member of an ethnic group in the United States whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Africa. ... Africans immigrants (U.S.), in the scope of this article, are recent immigrants to the United States from the continent of Africa and their descendants. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The term Afro-Mexican (Spanish: afromexicano) refers to Mexican citizens who are black or of African descent. ... This article is about an ethnic culture in Louisiana, USA. For uses of the term Creole in other countries and cultures, see Creole (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Black Belt. ... 19th-century engraving depicting a Black Seminole warrior of the First Seminole War (1817â€“8). ... Black Indians is a term generally used to describe people who have significant traces of both African and Native American ancestry and/or African Americans who have lived for a long time with Native Americans. ... A Nigerian American is an American citizen of Nigerian ancestry, typically themselves or children of African immigrants. ... Mulatto (Spanish mulato, small mule, person of mixed race, mulatto, from mulo, mule, from Old Spanish, from Latin mÅ«lus. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Central & South America

Language(s) Portuguese, Spanish, and several creoles Religion(s) Predominantly Christian (mainly Roman Catholic); minorities practicing Judaism, Islam, or no religion Related ethnic groups sub-Saharan, African American, Afro-European An Afro-Latin American (also Afro-Latino) is a Latin American person of at least partial African ancestry; the term... Afro-Brazilian is the term used to racially categorise Brazilian citizens who are black or mainly-black, yet it is rarely used in Brazil. ... Afro-Colombians refers to Colombians of African ancestry, and the great impact theyve had on Colombian culture. ... The Belizean Creole or Kriol are Creole descendants of African slaves who were brought primarily from Jamaica and Nicaraguas Mosquito Coast to cut down mahogany trees. ... Afro-Guyanese Guyana Table of Contents Descendants of the Africans, the Afro-Guyanese came to see themselves as the true people of British Guiana, with greater rights to land than the indentured workers who had arrived after them. ... The Afro-Ecuadorian culture is found in the northwest coastal region of Ecuador. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Afro-Argentines are Argentines of African descent. ... GarÃfuna refers to both the people and language of the GarÃnagu. ... In Brazil, the Pardos are a mixture of Europeans, Blacks and Amerindians, varying from light to dark complexion, as used by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in censuses since 1950. ... Black Ladinos were Spanish-speaking black African slaves born in Latin America, or exiled to the Americas after spending time in Castille or Portugal. ... Palenquero (also Palenque) is a Spanish-based Creole spoken in Colombia. ... The Cimarrons or Cimarrones in Panama, were African slaves who had escaped from their Spanish masters and lived together as outlaws. ...

Caribbean (West Indies)

Afro-Caribbean may refer to: the British Afro-Caribbean community other members of the African diaspora in or from the Carribean This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ... Main article: History of Puerto Rico The Black History of Puerto Rico begins with the colonization of the key Caribbean island of Puerto Rico by the Spanish Empire. ... Cuban boys playing in Trinidad, Cuba The term Afro-Cuban refers to Cubans of African ancestry, and to historical or cultural elements in Cuba thought to emanate from this community. ... Afro-Trinidadian people or Afro-Trinidadians refers to people of African descent who are citizens or nationals of Trinidad and Tobago. ... Body of Ndyuka Maroon child brought before a shaman, Suriname 1955 A Maroon (from the word marronage or American/Spanish cimarrÃ³n: fugitive, runaway, lit. ... Papiamento or Papiamentu is the primary language spoken on the Caribbean islands of Aruba, Curaçao and Bonaire. ...

Europe

See also: British African-Caribbean community, Caribbean British, British Asian,Britsh Mixed Black British is term which has had different meanings and uses as a racial and political label. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Caribbean British. ... Since the mid-18th century there were small numbers of black people resident in Ireland, mainly concentrated in the major towns, especially Dublin. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... German national team player Gerald Asamoah, who in 2005 participated in the campaign Du bist Deutschland (You are Germany) Afro-Germans (in German Afro-Deutsche) are defined as the Black African community and diaspora in Germany. ... African Italians are people of fairly recent Arabic or sub-Saharan African, and Italian ancestry, or Italian nationals of recent African descent. ...

Africa

This is a list of African ethnic groups. ... The pyramids are the most recognizable symbols of the civilization of ancient Egypt. ... |group = Bushmen |image = |poptime = 82,000 |popplace = Botswana (55,000), Namibia (27,000) |rels = San Religion |langs = various Khoisan languages |related = Khoikhoi, Xhosa, Zulu, Griqua }} The Bushmen, San, Basarwa, ÇƒKung or Khwe are indigenous people of the Kalahari Desert, which spans areas of South Africa, Botswana, Namibia and Angola. ... The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (Ityopiya, Amharic ኢትዮጵያ) is a country situated in the Horn of Africa. ... For the breed of goat of the same name, see Anglo-Nubian. ... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

Asia

For the language family, see Afro-Asiatic. ... The Shan are an ethnic group of Southeast Asia. ... The Beta Israel (or House of Israel), known by outsiders by the pejorative term Falasha or Falash Mura (exiles or strangers) are Jews of Ethiopian origin. ... Australoid is a broad racial classification, no longer used by many anthropologists, of Australasian peoples, most notably the Indigenous Australians and Melanesians. ...

Oceania

Language(s) Several hundred Indigenous Australian languages (many extinct or nearly so), Australian English, Australian Aboriginal English, Torres Strait Creole, Kriol Religion(s) Primarily Christian, with minorities of other religions including various forms of Traditional belief systems based around the Dreamtime Related ethnic groups see List of Indigenous Australian group... The Negritos include the Atis, and at least 5 other tribes of the Philippines, the Semang of the Malay peninsula, and 12 Andamanese tribes of the Andaman Islands. ... Australian football player Harry OBrien is of Afro-Brazilian descent American-Australian lengendary basketball player Leroy Loggins Black Australian, Afro Australian or African Australian (also known as an African Aussie) refers to Australian citizens who are wholly or partly of African descent. ... The Torres Strait Islander Flag. ... A picture of the last four Tasmanian Aborigines c. ... The Aeta are an indigenous people who live in scattered, isolated mountainous parts of the Philippines. ... Australoid is a broad racial classification, no longer used by many anthropologists, of Australasian peoples, most notably the Indigenous Australians and Melanesians. ...

Other related terms

This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Black people (disambiguation). ... This reproduction of a 1900 minstrel show poster, originally published by the Strobridge Litho Co. ... The degree to which an individual is sympathetic to or a part of the culture of African-Americans. ... Main article: Khoisan One of the five macro-racial groups often recognized by physical anthropologists (along with Negroids, Australoids, Caucasoids and Mongoloids). ... This article is about the term used for people of African descent in North America. ... In the South African, Namibian, Zambian and Zimbabwean context, the term Coloured (also known as Bruinmense, Kleurlinge or Bruin Afrikaners in Afrikaans) refers to a heterogeneous group of people who posess some degree of sub-Saharan ancestry, but not enough to be considered Black under South African law. ... Congoid was used instead of Negroid by controversial anthropologist Carleton Coon in some versions of his classification of humanity into five races, the other four being Mongoloid, Caucasoid, Australoid, and Capoid. ... The term Creole and its cognates in other languages â€” such as crioulo, criollo, crÃ©ole, kriolu, criol, kreyol, kriulo, kriol, krio, etc. ... In Christianity and Judaism, the curse of Cain and the mark of Cain refer to the Biblical passages in the Book of Genesis chapter 4, where God declared that Cain, the firstborn son of Adam and Eve, was cursed, and placed a mark upon him to warn others that killing... The Drunkenness of Noah by Giovanni Bellini, depicting Ham (center) laughing at his father, while Shem and Japheth cover him. ... The Golliwog or Golliwogg is a blackfaced African American caricature created in the late 19th century. ... Hamitic is an obsolete ethno-linguistic classification of some ethnic groups within the Afroasiatic (previously termed Semito-Hamitic) language family. ... Negrescence is a word with a Latin origin and describes a process of becoming black. It can also refer to having a dark complexion. ... Ati woman Negrito refers a dwindling ethnic group which is now restricted to parts of Southeast Asia. ... Négritude, a concept developed in the 1930s by a group that included future Senegalese President Léopold Sédar Senghor and Francophone poet Aimé Césaire, is the belief that one should identify ones blackness without reference to ones homeland, native language, religion or spatial/geographical location. ... Negro is a term referring to people of Black African ancestry. ... Negroid is an adjective derived from the term Negro and refers to a presumed race of people mostly from sub-Saharan Africa. ... // Nigger is a racial slur used to refer to dark-skinned people, especially those of African ancestry. ... The word Maroon can have the following meanings: Maroon is a color mixture composed of brown and purple. ... Mulatto (Spanish mulato, small mule, person of mixed race, mulatto, from mulo, mule, from Old Spanish, from Latin mÅ«lus. ... Portrait of Grey Owl in 1936. ... For the impact structure in Western Australia, see Piccaninny crater. ... Sambo is now seen as a derogatory term for an African American. ... In linguistics and ethnology, Semitic (from the Biblical Shem, Hebrew: ×©×, translated as name, Arabic: Ø³Ø§Ù…) was first used to refer to a language family of largely Middle Eastern origin, now called the Semitic languages. ... Stepin Fetchit Stepin Fetchit was the stage name of American comedian and film actor Lincoln Theodore Monroe Andrew Perry (May 30, 1902â€“November 19, 1985). ... Untermensch (German for under man, sub-man, sub-human; plural: Untermenschen) is a term from Nazi racial ideology used to describe inferior people, especially the masses from the East, that is Jews, Gypsies, Soviet Bolsheviks, homosexual men, and anyone else who was not an Aryan (i. ... A representation of Zambos in Pintura de Castas during the Latin American colonial period. ...

Culture

African American art is a broad term describing the visual arts of the American black community. ... In the United States, African American culture or Black culture includes the various cultural traditions of African American communities. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Woman with an afro at the Tribeca Film Festival For the Italian painter known as Afro, see Afro Basaldella. ... Aboriginal Australia contains a large number of tribal divisions and language groups, and, corresponding to this, a wide variety of diversity exists within cultural practices. ... This is a list of African ethnic groups. ... The term black church or African American church refers to predominantly African American Christian churches that minister to black communities in the United States. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Capoeira (IPA: ,Tupi-Guarani word for - clear area) is a Brazilian blend of martial art, game, and dance originated in Brazil, from the regions known as Bahia, Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais and Sao Paulo. ... Rastaman with long locks Dreadlocks, sometimes simply called locks or dreads, are interlocked coils of hair which tend to form by themselves, in all hair types, if the hair is washed regularly and allowed to grow naturally without the use of brushes, combs, razors, or scissors for a long period... Hip hop is a subculture, which is said to have begun with the work of DJ Kool Herc, Grandmaster Flash & the Furious Five, and Afrika Bambaattaa. ...

Film Festivals

The American Black Film Festival (formerly known as the Acapulco Black Film Festival) is an annual awards festival that recognizes achievements in independent Black cinema. ... Founded in 1991, the annual Cascade Festival of African Films is held in Portland Oregon in honor of Black History Month. ... The Hollywood Black Film Festival is an annual six-day film festival held in Los Angeles, California dedicated to enhancing the careers of new and established black filmmaking professionals by bringing their work to the attention of the film industry, press and public. ... Established in 1992, The Pan African Film Festival (PAFF) is a non-profit corporation dedicated to the promotion of cultural and racial tolerance and understanding through the exhibition of film, art and creative expression. ...

Music

An African American man gives a piano lesson to a young African American woman, in 1899 or 1900, in Georgia, USA. Photograph from a collection of W.E.B. DuBois. ... African popular music, like African traditional music, is vast and varied. ... Afro-American music is a broad array of musical genres that arose from the synthesis of African, European and Native American music. ... Blues music redirects here. ... Dancehall is a type of Jamaican popular music which developed around the late 70s, with exponents such as Yellowman and Shabba Ranks. ... Gospel music is music that is written to express either personal or a communal belief regarding Christian life, as well as (in terms of the varying music styles) to give a Christian alternative to mainstream secular music. ... Breakdance, an early form of hip hop dance, often involves battles, showing off skills without any physical contact with the adversaries. ... Indigenous Australian music includes the music of Australian Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders, who are collectively called Indigenous Australians; it incorporates a wide variety of distinctive traditional music styles practised by Indigenous Australian peoples, as well as a range of contemporary musical styles both derivative of and fusion with European... For other uses, see Jazz (disambiguation). ... Latin jazz is the general term given to music that combines rhythms from African and Latin American countries with jazz harmonies from the United States. ... Hand drumming is significant throughout Africa The music of Africa is as vast and varied as the continents many regions, nations and ethnic groups. ... Much of the music of the African diaspora was refined and developed during the period of slavery. ... Neo soul (also known as nu soul) is a music genre and an umbrella term for current soul music. ... Reggae is a music genre first developed in Jamaica in the late 1960s. ... Reggaeton (also spelled ReggaetÃ³n, and known as ReguetÃ³n and ReggaetÃ³n in Spanish) is a form of urban music which became popular with Latin American youth during the early 1990s and spread over the course of 10 years to North American, European, Asian, and Australian audiences. ... Rock and roll (also spelled Rock n Roll, especially in its first decade), also called rock, is a form of popular music, usually featuring vocals (often with vocal harmony), electric guitars and a strong back beat; other instruments, such as the saxophone, are common in some styles. ... Rumba is a family of music rhythms and dance styles that originated in Africa and were introduced to Cuba and the New World by African slaves. ... R&B redirects here. ... Look up salsa on Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article is about the music Samba. ... This article is about the genre. ... For other uses, see Soul music (disambiguation). ...

Sports

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) is a martial art and combat sport that focuses on grappling and especially ground fighting with the goal of gaining a dominant position and using joint-locks and chokeholds to force an opponent to submit. ... The Ethiopian Super Cup is a match competition in Ethiopian football, played between the Ethiopian Premier League champions and the Ethiopian Cup winners. ... This is a list of black college football classics which take place between historically black colleges and universities which compete in college football in the United States. ... Part of the History of baseball in the United States series. ...

Political and social movements

United States

Manifestations Slavery Racial profiling Lynching Hate speech Hate crime Genocide (examples) Ethnocide Ethnic cleansing Pogrom Race war Religious persecution Blood libel Paternalism Police brutality Movements Policies Discriminatory Race / Religion / Sex segregation Apartheid Redlining Internment Ethnocracy Anti-discriminatory Emancipation Civil rights Desegregation Integration Equal opportunity Counter-discriminatory Affirmative action Racial quota... This is a timeline of the American Civil Rights Movement. ... See also: American Civil Rights Movement (1955-1968) The civil rights movement in the United States has been a long, primarily nonviolent struggle to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to all Americans. ... The American Anti-Slavery Society (1833-1870) was founded by William Lloyd Garrison and Arthur Tappan. ... Prominent figures of the African-American Civil Rights Movement. ... The Black Guerrilla Family (also known as the Black Family or the Black Vanguard) was founded in 1966 by George Jackson while he was in the San Quentin State Prison in Marin County, California, north of San Francisco. ... Black Hebrew Israelites (also Black Hebrews, African Hebrew Israelites, and Hebrew Israelites) are groups of people of African ancestry situated mostly in the United States who claim to be descendants of the ancient Israelites. ... Logo of the Black Liberation Army The Black Liberation Army (BLA) was an underground, black nationalist-Marxist organization that operated in the United States from 1971 to 1981. ... Black Liberators: Militant civil-rights organization formed in St. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Black Panther Party (originally called the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense) was a revolutionary Black nationalist organization in the United States that formed in the late 1960s and grew to national prominence before falling apart due to factional rivalries stirred up by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. ... The Civil rights movement in Omaha, Nebraska has roots that extend back until at least 1912. ... The Five Percenter Universal Flag (Seven, Sun, Moon, and Star). ... The Historical Black Press Foundation is an organization that represents and is focused on the Black Press. ... The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), is one of the oldest and most influential hate organizations in the United States. ... The Nation of Islam (NOI) is a religious and social/political organization founded in the United States by Wallace Fard Muhammad in 1930 with the self-proclaimed goal of resurrecting the spiritual, mental, social, economic condition of the black man and woman of America and belief that God will bring... The Rev. ... The Society for the Relief of Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage was the first American abolition society, formed April 14, 1775, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. ... The Communist Party USA played a significant role in defending the rights of African-Americans during its heyday in the 1930s and 1940s. ...

Caribbean

Haile Selassie I The Rastafari movement (also known as Rastafari, or simply Rasta) is a new religious movement[1] that accepts Haile Selassie I, the former Emperor of Ethiopia, as God incarnate, called Jah[2] or Jah Rastafari. ...

South Africa

The Black Peoples Convention (BPC) was founded at the end of 1972 as the Nationalist Liberatory Flagship of the Black Consciousness Movement (BCM). ... AZAPO emblem The Black Consciousness Movement (BCM) was a grassroots anti-Apartheid activist movement that emerged in South Africa in the mid-1960â€™s out of the political vacuum created by the decimation of the African National Congress and Pan Africanist Congress leadership, by jailing and banning, after the Sharpeville...

Other

This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Black anarchism opposes the existence of a state and subjugation and domination of people of color, and favors a non-hierarchical organization of society. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... â€¹ The template below is being considered for deletion. ... Black pride is a slogan used interchangeably to depict both the movement of and concept within politically active black communities, especially African Americans in the United States and secluding White communities. ... Black separatism is a separatist political movement that seeks a separate homeland for black people, particularly African-Americans. ... Black Supremacy is a racist ideology which holds that black people are superior to other races and is sometimes manifested in bigotry towards persons not of African ancestry, particularly white and Jewish people. ... Black theology is theology from the perspective of the African diaspora - any people or ethnic population forced or induced to leave their traditional homelands. ... In the United States, Historically black colleges and universities (HBCU) are colleges or universities that were established before 1964 with the intention of serving the African American community. ... The Neo Black Movement of Africa is a socio-cultural organisation that seek to revive, retain and modify where necessary those aspects of African culture that would provide vehicles of progress for Africa and her peoples. ... The one-drop rule is a historical colloquial term in the United States that holds that a person with any trace of sub-Saharan ancestry (however small or invisible) cannot be considered white[1] and so unless said person has an alternative non-white ancestry they can claim, such as... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... United Negro College Fund logo The United Negro College Fund (UNCF) is a Fairfax, Virginia-based American philanthropic organization that fundraises college tuition money for African-American students and general scholarship funds for 39 historically black colleges and universities. ...

History

African American history is the portion of American history that specifically discusses the African American or Black American ethnic group in the United States. ... The African diaspora is the diaspora created by the movements and cultures of Africans and their descendants throughout the world, to places such as the Americas, (including the United States, Canada, the Caribbean, Central America, and South America); Europe and Asia. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Islam and slavery. ... The Atlantic slave trade, also known as the transatlantic slave trade, was the trade of African people supplied to the colonies of the New World that occurred in and around the Atlantic Ocean. ... The Barbados Slave Code of 1661 was the English legal code set up to provide a legal base for slavery in the Caribbean island of Barbados. ... Holding Segregation of students in public schools violates the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, because separate facilities are inherently unequal. ... Topics in Christianity Movements Â· Denominations Ecumenism Â· Relation to other religions Preaching Â· Prayer Music Â· Liturgy Â· Calendar Symbols Â· Art Â· Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul Â· Church Fathers Constantine Â· Athanasius Â· Augustine Anselm Â· Aquinas Â· Palamas Luther Â· Calvin Â· Wesley Arius Â· Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury Â· Pope Coptic Pope Â· Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box: // Both... A 19th century engraving of an Indigenous Australian encampment, showing the indigenous lifestyle in the cooler parts of Australia at the time of European settlement. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ... The history of slavery covers many different forms of human exploitation across many cultures throughout human history. ... For other uses, see Los Angeles riots (disambiguation). ... Mass racial violence in the United States, often described using the term race riots, includes such disparate events as: attacks on Irish Catholics and other early immigrants in the 19th century massacres of black people in the period after Reconstruction. ... A plantation economy is an economy which is based on agricultural mass production, usually of a few staple products grown on large farms called plantations. ... Plessy redirects here. ... Racial segregation in the United States is the racial segregation of facilities, services, and opportunities such as housing, education, employment, and transportation along racial lines. ... Racism in the United States has been a major issue in America since the colonial era. ... Rodney Glen King (born April 2, 1965 in Sacramento, California) is an African-American taxi driver who, in 1991 was stopped and then beaten by Los Angeles Police Department officers (Laurence Powell, Timothy Wind, Theodore Briseno and Sergeant Stacey Koon) after being chased for speeding. ... The burning of Rosewood Rosewood was a small community of 25 to 30 mostly black families in Levy County in central Florida, USA. Today, it is best known for the racially driven attack on African Americans by whites in January 1923, known as the Rosewood massacre. ... For other uses, see Shaka (disambiguation). ... The history of slavery covers many different forms of human exploitation across many cultures and throughout human history. ... Slavery in Canada was first practised by some aboriginal nations, who routinely captured slaves from neighbouring tribes as part of their laws of war. ... Slavery in the British and French Caribbean refers to slavery in the parts of the Caribbean dominated by France or the British Empire. ... Slavery in the Spanish colonies began with local Natives. ... The history of slavery in the United States (1618-1865) began soon after English colonists first settled Virginia and lasted until the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. ... Throughout the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries, sugar was the main crop produced on the numerous plantations throughout the Caribbean. ... An historic example of three way trade in the North Atlantic Triangular trade is a historical term indicating trade between three ports or regions. ... Buildings burning during the Tulsa race riot of 1921. ... The term Watts Riots refers to a large-scale riot which lasted six days in the Watts neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, in August 1965. ...

Science

Black skin is the definition that people have about the African-origined people. ... The Y chromosome is one of the most reliable method of tracing the history of early humans. ... // Origins of modern humans see also single-origin hypothesis, multiregional hypothesis. ... For other uses, see Race. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Scientific racism. ...

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