The Litani river is an important waterway in southern Lebanon. It rises in the Bekaa valley and empties in the Mediterranean Sea north of the city of Tyre. It is the longest river that originates and flows entirely within the borders of Lebanon. Most of its catchment area was under Israeli occupation from 1978 to 2000. It is a major water supply for South Lebanon..
A litany, in Christian worship, is a form of prayer used in church services and processions, and consisting of a number of petitions.
This litany is prescribed in the Roman Breviary at the "Preces Feriales" and in the Monastic Breviary for every "Hora" (Rule of St. Benedict, ix, 17).
Litanies appeared in honour of God the Father, of God the Son, of God the Holy Ghost, of the Precious Blood, of the Blessed Virgin, of the Immaculate Conception, of each of the saints honoured in different countries, for the souls in Purgatory, etc.
The Eastern liturgies make frequent use of litanies, recited by the deacon; the response is usually "Lord, have mercy." The Kyrie eleison is a relic of such a litany.
In the Roman Catholic Church the one liturgical litany, the Litany of the Saints, dates from the 5th cent.
Modeled after it are a number of nonliturgical (i.e., nonprescribed) litanies, of which the following are authorized: Litany of the Holy Name of Jesus (15th cent.), Litany of the Blessed Virgin Mary (or of Loreto; 16th cent.), Litany of the Sacred Heart, and Litany of St. Joseph.
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