Lithium chloride
General
Molecular formula	LiCl
Molar mass	42.39 g/mol
Appearance	White crystalline solid
CAS number	[7447-41-8] (anhydrous) [85144-11-2] (hydrate)
Hydrates	monohydrate, trihydrate
Properties
Density and phase	2.07 g/cm3, solid
Solubility in water	63.7 g/100 ml (0 °C)
In ethanol In acetone	42.4 g/100 ml (25 °C) 4.11 g/100 ml (25 °C)
Melting point	605 °C (878 K)
Boiling point	>1300 °C (>1570 K)
Structure
Coordination geometry	Octahedral
Crystal structure NaCl Lithium chloride This image has been released into the public domain by its creator and original copyright holder. ... A chemical formula (also called molecular formula) is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ... Molar mass is the mass of one mole of an element or chemical compound. ... CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences, mixtures and alloys. ... Hydrates are compounds formed by the union of water with some other substance, generally forming a neutral body, as certain crystallized salts. ... Density (symbol: ρ - Greek: rho) is a measure of mass per unit of volume. ... In the physical sciences, a phase is a set of states of a macroscopic physical system that have relatively uniform chemical composition and physical properties (i. ... A substance is soluble in a fluid if it dissolves in the fluid. ... Water is in dynamic equilibrium between the liquid and solid states at standard temperature and pressure. ... Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol or grain alcohol, is a flammable, colorless chemical compound, one of the alcohols that is most often found in alcoholic beverages. ... For an alternate use of acetone, see Acetone (music). ... The melting point of a solid is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid. ... The degree Celsius (°C or ℃ (Unicode 0x2103)) is a unit of temperature named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius (1701–1744), who first proposed a similar system in 1742. ... The kelvin (symbol: K) is the SI unit of temperature, and is one of the seven SI base units. ... The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which it can change state from a liquid to a gas throughout the bulk of the liquid. ... The degree Celsius (°C or ℃ (Unicode 0x2103)) is a unit of temperature named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius (1701–1744), who first proposed a similar system in 1742. ... The kelvin (symbol: K) is the SI unit of temperature, and is one of the seven SI base units. ... The coordination geometry of an atom is the geometrical pattern formed by its neighbors in a molecule or a crystal. ... Rose des Sables (Sand Rose), formed of gypsum crystals In mineralogy and crystallography, a crystal structure is a unique arrangement of atoms in a crystal. ... Sodium chloride, also known as common salt, table salt, or halite, is a chemical compound with the formula NaCl. ...
Dipole moment	7.13 D (gas)
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
Main hazards	Irritant
R/S statement	R: 22-36/37/38 S: 26-36/37/39
RTECS number	OJ5950000 (anhydrous)
Supplementary data page
Structure & properties	n, εr, etc.
Thermodynamic data	Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data	UV, IR, NMR, MS
Related compounds
Other anions	lithium fluoride lithium bromide A dipole (Greek: dyo = two and polos = pivot) is a pair of electric charges or magnetic poles of equal magnitude but opposite polarity (opposite electronic charges), separated by some (usually small) distance. ... The debye (symbol: D) is a derived CGS unit of electrical dipole moment. ... A material safety data sheet or MSDS is a form containing data regarding the properties of a particular substance. ... This page provides supplementary chemical data on Lithium chloride // Thermodynamic properties Spectral data Structure and properties data Material Safety Data Sheet The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. ... Worker safety and health is the prevention and reduction of the number of occupational safety and health hazards at the places of employment, providing safe and healthful working conditions. ... Risk and Safety Statements, also known as R/S statements, R/S numbers, R/S phrases, and R/S sentences, is a system of hazard codes and phrases for labeling dangerous chemicals and compounds. ... RTECS, also known as Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances, is a database of toxicity information compiled from the open scientific literature that is available for charge. ... This page provides supplementary chemical data on Lithium chloride // Thermodynamic properties Spectral data Structure and properties data Material Safety Data Sheet The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. ... This page provides supplementary chemical data on Lithium chloride // Thermodynamic properties Spectral data Structure and properties data Material Safety Data Sheet The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. ... The parameter used to describe the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter is the complex index of refraction, , which is a combination of a real part and an imaginary part. ... The dielectric constant εr (represented as or K in some cases) is defined as the ratio: where εs is the static permittivity of the material in question, and ε0 is the vacuum permittivity. ... This page provides supplementary chemical data on Lithium chloride // Thermodynamic properties Spectral data Structure and properties data Material Safety Data Sheet The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. ... This page provides supplementary chemical data on Lithium chloride // Thermodynamic properties Spectral data Structure and properties data Material Safety Data Sheet The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. ... Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy or Ultraviolet-Visible spectrophotometry (UV/ VIS) involves the spectroscopy of photons (spectrophotometry). ... IR spectrum of a thin film of liquid ethanol. ... Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy is the name given to the technique which exploits the magnetic properties of nuclei. ... Mass spectrometry is a technique for separating ions by their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios. ... An ion is an atom or group of atoms with a net electric charge. ... lithium iodide
Other cations	sodium chloride magnesium chloride An ion is an atom or group of atoms with a net electric charge. ... Sodium chloride, also known as common salt, table salt, or halite, is a chemical compound with the formula NaCl. ... Magnesium chloride is composed of magnesium and chlorine and is a typical ionic halide, being highly polar and soluble in water. ...
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25°C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Lithium chloride behaves as a fairly typical ionic compound, although the Li⁺ ion is very small. The salt is hygroscopic and highly soluble in water, and is highly polar. It is more soluble in polar organic solvents such as methanol and acetone than is sodium chloride or potassium chloride. In chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100. ... In chemistry, an ionic compound is a chemical compound in which ions are held together in a lattice structure by ionic bonds. ... In chemistry, salt is a general term used for ionic compounds composed of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions, so that the product is neutral and without a net charge. ... A hygroscopic or hydroscopic substance is a substance that absorbs water readily from its surroundings. ... A solvent is a liquid that dissolves a solid, liquid, or gaseous solute, resulting in a solution. ... Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol or wood alcohol, is a chemical compound with chemical formula CH3OH. It is the simplest alcohol, and is a light, volatile, colourless, flammable, poisonous liquid that is used as an antifreeze, solvent, fuel, and as a denaturant for ethyl alcohol. ... For an alternate use of acetone, see Acetone (music). ... Sodium chloride, also known as common salt, table salt, or halite, is a chemical compound with the formula NaCl. ... The chemical compound potassium chloride (KCl) is a metal halide composed of potassium and chlorine. ...

Chemical properties

Lithium chloride can react as a source of chloride ion. As with any other soluble ionic chloride, it will precipitate insoluble chlorides when added to a solution of an appropriate metal salt such as lead(II) nitrate: The chloride ion is formed when the element chlorine picks up one electron to form the anion (negatively charged ion) Cl−. The salts of hydrochloric acid HCl contain chloride ions and are also called chlorides. ... A solvent is a liquid that dissolves a solid, liquid, or gaseous solute, resulting in a solution. ... From ancient Greece (Ionic) An Ionian is a member of one of the four great divisions of the ancient Greek people. ... A solvent is a liquid that dissolves a solid, liquid, or gaseous solute, resulting in a solution. ... The chloride ion is formed when the element chlorine picks up one electron to form the anion (negatively charged ion) Cl−. The salts of hydrochloric acid HCl contain chloride ions and are also called chlorides. ... Metal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... In chemistry, salt is a general term used for ionic compounds composed of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions, so that the product is neutral and without a net charge. ... The compound lead(II) nitrate is the nitrate of lead with chemical formula Pb(NO3)2. ...

2 LiCl(aq) + Pb(NO₃)₂(aq) → PbCl₂(s) + 2 LiNO₃(aq) Drinking water This article focuses on water as we experience it every day. ... The compound lead(II) nitrate is the nitrate of lead with chemical formula Pb(NO3)2. ... Drinking water This article focuses on water as we experience it every day. ... Lead(II) chloride Lead(II) chloride is the insoluble salt made by adding sodium chloride to soluble lead(II) compounds such as lead(II) nitrate. ... A solid is a state of matter, characterized by a definite volume and a definite shape (i. ... Lithium nitrate is an oxidizing agent used in the manufacture of fireworks and flares. ... Drinking water This article focuses on water as we experience it every day. ...

The Li⁺ ion acts as a weak Lewis acid under certain circumstances; for example one mole of lithium chloride is capable of absorbing up to four moles of ammonia. In chemistry, a Lewis acid is any acid that can accept a pair of electrons and form a coordinate covalent bond, after the American chemist Gilbert Lewis. ... The mole (symbol: mol) is one of the seven SI base units and is commonly used in chemistry. ... Ammonia is a chemical compound consisting of nitrogen and hydrogen atoms with the formula NH3. ...

Preparation

Lithium chloride may be prepared most simply by reaction of lithium hydroxide or lithium carbonate with hydrochloric acid. It may also be prepared by the highly exothermic reaction of lithium metal with either chlorine or anhydrous hydrogen chloride gas. Anhydrous LiCl is prepared from the hydrate by gently heating under an atmosphere of hydrogen chloride, used to prevent hydrolysis. Lithium hydroxide (LiOH-) is a corrosive alkali. ... Lithium salts are chemical salts of lithium used as mood stabilizing drugs, primarily in the treatment of bipolar disorder, depression, and mania; but also in treating schizophrenia. ... The chemical substance hydrochloric acid is the aqueous (water-based) solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas. ... In chemistry, an exothermic reaction is one that releases heat. ... General Name, Symbol, Number lithium, Li, 3 Chemical series alkali metals Group, Period, Block 1, 2, s Appearance silvery white/gray Atomic mass 6. ... General Name, Symbol, Number chlorine, Cl, 17 Chemical series halogens Group, Period, Block 17, 3, p Appearance yellowish green Atomic mass 35. ... Hydrogen chloride, also known under the name HCl, is a highly corrosive and toxic colorless gas that forms white fumes on contact with humidity. ... Hydrogen chloride, also known under the name HCl, is a highly corrosive and toxic colorless gas that forms white fumes on contact with humidity. ... Hydrolysis is a chemical process in which a molecule is cleaved into two parts by the addition of a molecule of water. ...

Uses

Lithium chloride is used for the production of lithium metal, by electrolysis of a LiCl/KCl melt at 450 °C. LiCl is also used as a brazing flux for aluminium in automobile parts. General Name, Symbol, Number lithium, Li, 3 Chemical series alkali metals Group, Period, Block 1, 2, s Appearance silvery white/gray Atomic mass 6. ... In chemistry and manufacturing, electrolysis is a method of separating bonded elements and compounds by passing an electric current through them. ... The chemical compound potassium chloride (KCl) is a metal halide composed of potassium and chlorine. ... The degree Celsius (°C or ℃ (Unicode 0x2103)) is a unit of temperature named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius (1701–1744), who first proposed a similar system in 1742. ... The flux visualized. ... General Name, Symbol, Number aluminium, Al, 13 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 13, 3, p Appearance silvery Atomic mass 26. ... A small variety of cars, the most popular kind of automobile. ...

Precautions

Suppliers/Manufacturers

• Sigma-Aldrich
• Alfa
• Fisher
• VWR
• Strem

References

1. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 71st edition, CRC Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1990.
2. N. N. Greenwood, A. Earnshaw, Chemistry of the Elements, 2nd ed., Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, UK, 1997.
3. H. Nechamkin, The Chemistry of the Elements, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1968.