Liverpool Castle
Artist's impression of the castle
Building Information
Name	Liverpool Castle
Location Town	Liverpool
Location Country	England
Client	William de Ferrers, 4th Earl of Derby
Construction Start Date	1232
Completion Date	1237
Date Demolished	1726

Liverpool Castle was a castle which was situated in Liverpool, England. It stood from the early 13th century to the early 18th century. Image File history File links LiverpoolCastle. ... Liverpool waterfront by night, as seen from the Wirral. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_England_(bordered). ... Motto: (French for God and my right) Anthem: Multiple unofficial anthems Capital London Largest city London Official language(s) English (de facto) Government Constitutional monarchy  - Queen Queen Elizabeth II  - Prime Minister Tony Blair MP Unification    - by Athelstan AD 927  Area    - Total 130,395 km² (1st in UK)   50,346 sq... // Events Canonization of Saint Anthony of Padua, patron of lost items Pope Gregory IX driven from Rome by a revolt, taking refuge at Anagni First edition of Tripitaka Koreana destroyed by Mongol invaders Battle of Agridi 15 June 1232 Births Arnolfo di Cambio, Florentine architect (died 1310) Manfred of Sicily... // Events Thomas II of Savoy becomes count of Flanders. ... Events George Friderich Handel becomes a British subject. ... Liverpool waterfront by night, as seen from the Wirral. ... (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ...

Construction

It was probably erected in the 1230s, between 1232 and 1235 under the orders of William de Ferrers, 4th Earl of Derby. No record of the castle construction survive. Nearby in West Derby, there had long been a castle, which was taken by the Ferrers in 1232, by 1296 it lay in ruins. The castle was built to protect King John's new port of Liverpool and was sited at the top of modern day Lord Street, the highest point in the city and overlooking the Pool. This corresponds to present day Derby Square (Queen Victoria Monument) near the city centre. Centuries: 12th century - 13th century - 14th century Decades: 1180s 1190s 1200s 1210s 1220s - 1230s - 1240s 1250s 1260s 1270s 1280s Years: 1230 1231 1232 1233 1234 1235 1236 1237 1238 1239 Events and Trends Categories: 1230s ... // Events Canonization of Saint Anthony of Padua, patron of lost items Pope Gregory IX driven from Rome by a revolt, taking refuge at Anagni First edition of Tripitaka Koreana destroyed by Mongol invaders Battle of Agridi 15 June 1232 Births Arnolfo di Cambio, Florentine architect (died 1310) Manfred of Sicily... Events Anglo-Norman invasion of Connacht St. ... The hundred of West Derby (sometimes known as West Derbyshire, not to be confused with Derbyshire) was an ancient subdivision of Lancashire, covering the south-west of the county. ...

Description

The castle was built on top a plateau, which had been specially construted, and a moat measuring 20 yards was cut out of solid rock. The main building of the castle consisted of the gatehouse flanked by two towers at the north-east corner which faced Castle Street; three round towers at the three remaining corners, one being added at a later date than the others, in 1442. Four curtain walls connected the four towers, the northern and southern wall were recessed to allow them to be commanded from the towers. Inside the castle were a hall and chapel, which were connected to the south-western tower, and a brewhouse and bakehouse. There was also a passage which ran under the moat toward the edge of the river. The courtyard was divided by a wall built running from the north wall to the south wall. Underneath the castle walls stood a dovecot and an orchard ran from the castle to the Pool in the east. The moated manor house of Baddesley Clinton in Warwickshire, England Moats (also known as a Fosse) were deep and wide water-filled trenches, excavated to provide a barrier against attack upon castle ramparts or other fortifications. ... Events The community of Rauma, Finland was granted its town rights. ... A chapel is a private church, usually small and often attached to a larger institution such as a college, a hospital, a palace, or a prison. ... A colombier (dovecote) in Jersey A dovecote or dovecot is a building intended to house pigeons or doves, which were an important food source in history. ...

19th century plan of Liverpool Castle

Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (600x733, 75 KB) A plan of Liverpool Castle made by 19thC historian Edward Cox. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (600x733, 75 KB) A plan of Liverpool Castle made by 19thC historian Edward Cox. ...

History

1200s

Upon the death of William de Ferrers in 1247, his son William inherited both Liverpool Castle and West Deby Castle. The heir to the title was Robert de Ferrers. He rebelled against King Henry III and was arrested and held in the Tower of London and then Windsor Castle. His lands and title were removed and taken back by the Crown. Henry III presented the land, along with Lancaster to his second son Edmund. Mary de Ferrers, wife of the forfeited earl and niece to the King was ordered to surrender the castle in July 1266. The lands was then held by Edmund and passed onto his successor Thomas. Events Shams ad-Din disappears resulting in Jalal Uddin Rumi writing 30,000 verses of poetry about his disappearance. ... William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby (1193 - March, 1254), was an English nobleman. ... Henry III (1 October 1207 – 16 November 1272) was crowned King of England in 1216, despite being less than ten years of age. ... For the film with this title, see Tower of London (1939 film). ... Windsor Castle: The Round Tower or keep dominating the castle, as seen from the River Thames. ... Statistics Population: 45,952 (2001) Ordnance Survey OS grid reference: SD475615 Administration District: City of Lancaster Shire county: Lancashire Region: North West England Constituent country: England Sovereign state: United Kingdom Other Ceremonial county: Lancashire Historic county: Lancashire Services Police force: Lancashire Constabulary Ambulance service: North West Post office and telephone... Edmund Crouchback and St. ... For broader historical context, see 1260s and 13th century. ... Thomas of Lancasters main possessions (Maddicott). ...

1300s

It was under the administration of Thomas that Liverpool progressed steadily. The earl did not bestow much worth on the borough of Liverpool and in 1315, he granted the castle and the land to Robert de Holland. The creation of the patronage of Robert de Holland caused some unrest among other landowners, and on 25 October^[1] in the same year, Adam Banastre, Henry de Lea, and William de Bradshagh (Bradshaw) banded together and launched an attack on the castle, and were defeated within an hour. This is the only recorded attack on the castle to happen before the English Civil War. Between 1315 and 1323 the borough of Liverpool returned to the hands of the Crown. In 1323 King Edward II visited the town and lodged at the castle from 24 October to 30 October. Upon the death of Edward II in 1327 King Edward III succeeded to the throne. During his early reign Edward utilised Liverpool at a port of embarkation in his wars with Scotland and Ireland. In 1327 the King ordered the constable of the castle to give shelter to men fleeing from the Scots. There was an inquisition into the land at Lancaster in 1367 that stated 'there is at Liverpull a certain Castle, the foss whereof and the herbage are worth by the year 2s., and there is a dovehouse under the Castle which is worth by the year 6s.8d.^[2]' Events August 13 - Louis X of France marries Clemence dAnjou. ... Baron Robert II de Holland was born in Lancastershire, England in 1270. ... October 25 is the 298th day of the year (299th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The English Civil War was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations which took place between Parliamentarians and Royalists from 1642 until 1651. ... Events Canonization of Saint Thomas Aquinas Lithuania: Vilnius becomes capital August 12 - The Treaty of Nöteborg between Sweden and Novgorod (Russia) is signed, regulating the border for the first time Pharos of Alexandira Lighthouse (one of the Seven Wonders of the world) is destroyed by a series of earthquakes... Edward II, (April 25, 1284 – September 21, 1327), of Caernarvon, was King of England from 1307 until deposed in January, 1327. ... October 24 is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 68 days remaining. ... October 30 is the 303rd day of the year (304th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 62 days remaining. ... Events January 25 - Edward III becomes King of England. ... Edward III (13 November 1312 – 21 June 1377) was one of the most successful English kings of medieval times. ... Motto: (Latin for No one provokes me with impunity)1 Anthem: Multiple unofficial anthems Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow Official language(s) English, Gaelic, Scots2 Government Constitutional monarchy  - Queen of the UK Queen Elizabeth II  - Prime Minister of the UK Tony Blair MP  - First Minister Jack McConnell MSP Unification    - by... Events January 25 - Edward III becomes King of England. ... Events Battle of Najera, Peter I of Castile restored as King. ...

1400s - 1500s

Sir Richard Molyneux was appointed constable of the castle in 1440 and the title was made hereditary five years later. In 1442 the castle was strengthened by the addition of a fourth tower in the south-east corner to the cost of £46 13s 10¼d^[3]. On October 2, 1559 the castle is stated as being 'in utter ruin and decay'. The Great Tower had a slate roof and it was suggested to be used as storage for the court rolls. It was decided that the castle would undergo repairs costin around £150^[4], 'otherwaies it were a grate defacement unto the said towne of Litherpole^[5].' For alternative meanings, see number 1440. ... Events The community of Rauma, Finland was granted its town rights. ... October 2 is the 275th day (276th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 90 days remaining. ... Events January 15 - Elizabeth I of England is crowned in Westminster Abbey. ...

1600s - present

During the reign of Charles I the castle was seized by Lord Derby. In 1644 Prince Rupert and his men took the castle, which was later taken back by Sir John Moore. Protestant supporters of William of Orange seized the castle in 1689. On March 5, 1704^[6] the burgesses obtained a lease for the castle and its site from the Crown for fifty years. Lord Molyneux disputed this as he still claimed hereditary constableship. This delayed the settlement of the lease until 1726, when the last remaining ruins of the castle were removed. Finally in 1715 an Act was passed to demolish the castle and build a church in its place. Construction of St George's begun on the site of the old castle and was consecrated in 1734. By 1825 the church had been pulled down and a new one built in its place. In 1899 the church was demolished and the Victoria Monument was erected in 1902. In 1976 excavation of the south side of Castle Street was conducted prior to the construction of the Crown Courts building which were built in the style of a castle. Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) was King of England, Scotland, and Ireland, from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. ... // Events February to August - Explorer Abel Tasmans second expedition for the Dutch East India Company maps the north coast of Australia. ... Rupert, Count Palatine of the Rhine, Duke of Bavaria (German: Ruprecht Pfalzgraf bei Rhein, Herzog von Bayern), commonly called Prince Rupert of the Rhine, (17 December 1619 – 19 November 1682), soldier and inventor, was a younger son of Frederick V, Elector Palatine and Elizabeth Stuart, and the nephew of King... William III of England (14 November 1650 – 8 March 1702; also known as William II of Scotland and William III of Orange) was a Dutch aristocrat and a Protestant Prince of Orange from his birth, Stadtholder of the United Netherlands from 28 June 1672, King of England and King of... Events Louis XIV of France passed the Code Noir, allowing the full use of slaves in the French colonies. ... March 5 is the 64th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (65th in leap years). ... Events Building of the Students Monument in Aiud, Romania. ... Events George Friderich Handel becomes a British subject. ... // Events July 24 - Spanish treasure fleet of ten ships under admiral Ubilla leave Havana, Cuba for Spain. ... Events January 8 - Premiere of George Frideric Handels opera Ariodante at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden. ... 1825 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1976 (MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ...

In the village of Rivington on the West Pennine Moors near Chorley there is a scaled down rebuild of Liverpool Castle. This tower is one of the many structures that Lord Leverhulme built in this area. ... Rivington Pike, a familiar local landmark The West Pennine Moors is an area of approximately 90 square miles of moorland and reservoir scenery, located in North West England, between the towns of Chorley, Bolton, Horwich and Blackburn. ... Statistics Population: 102,000 Ordnance Survey OS grid reference: SD5817 Administration District: Chorley Shire county: Lancashire Region: North West of England Constituent country: England Sovereign state: United Kingdom Other Ceremonial county: Lancashire Historic county: Lancashire Services Police force: Lancashire Constabulary Ambulance service: North West Post office and telephone Post town...

References

1. ^ Standish History 1315. Standish-history.org.uk. Retrieved on 2006-10-01.
2. ^ Mike Royden's Local History Pages. Mike Royden. Retrieved on 2006-10-01.
3. ^ 'Liverpool: The castle and development of the town', A History of the County of Lancashire: Volume 4 (1911), pp. 4-36. British History Online. Retrieved on 2006-10-01.
4. ^ Mike Royden's Local History Pages. Mike Royden. Retrieved on 2006-10-01.
5. ^ 'Liverpool: The castle and development of the town', A History of the County of Lancashire: Volume 4 (1911), pp. 4-36. British History Online. Retrieved on 2006-10-01.
6. ^ Mike Royden's Local History Pages. Mike Royden. Retrieved on 2006-10-01.

2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 1 is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 1 is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 1 is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 1 is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 1 is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 1 is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...

External link

• Local history page about the history of the castle