Ljudevit Gaj

Ljudevit Gaj (August 8, 1809, Krapina – April 20, 1872) was a Croatian linguist, politician, journalist and writer. He was the central person of the Croatian national reformation or the Illyrian Movement. He was of French descent. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... August 8 is the 220th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (221st in leap years), with 145 days remaining. ... Year 1809 (MDCCCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... Krapina is a town in northern Croatia, center of the Krapina-Zagorje county, population 12,950 (2001). ... April 20 is the 110th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (111th in leap years). ... Year 1872 (MDCCCLXXII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Illyrian movement was a cultural-literary movement in the 19th century Habsburg Empire. ...

In 1830 in Buda he printed the book Kratka osnova horvatsko-slavenskog pravopisanja ("Brief Basics of the Croatian-Slavonic Orthography"), which was the first common Croatian orthography book (after the works of Ignjat Đurđević and Pavao Ritter Vitezović). The book was printed bilingually, in Croatian and German. The Croatians used the Latin alphabet, but some of the specific sounds were not uniformly represented. Gaj followed the example of Pavao Ritter Vitezović and the Czech orthography, using one letter of the Latin script for each sound in the language. He used diacritics and the digraphs lj and nj. Liberty Leading the People by Eugène Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution 1830 (MDCCCXXX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Buda is a historical city in Hungary on the West bank of the Danube. ... The orthography of a language is the set of symbols (glyphs and diacritics) used to write a language, as well as the set of rules describing how to write these glyphs, including spelling, punctuation, and capitalization. ... Ignjat ĐurÄ‘ević (February, 1675 - January 21, 1737) was a Croatian baroque poet and translator, best known for his long poem Tears of Repentant Magdalene. ... Pavao Ritter Vitezović (January 7, 1652 – January 20, 1713) was a noted Croatian writer, historian, linguist and publisher. ... The Latin alphabet, also called the Roman alphabet, is the most widely used alphabetic writing system in the world today. ... The Czech alphabet consists of 42 letters (or more precisely - graphemes): A, Á, B, C, ÄŒ, D, ÄŽ, E, É, Äš, F, G, H, Ch, I, Í, J, K, L, M, N, Ň, O, Ó, P, Q, R, Ř, S, Å , T, Ť, U, Ú, Å®, V, W, X, Y, Ý, Z, Ž Most of the diacritic letters were added to the alphabet through reforms... A diacritic mark or accent mark is an additional mark added to a basic letter. ... Note: This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ...

The book helped Gaj become famous throughout the country. Suddenly he became the leader of young talented intellectuals, led by the same ideas about the Croatian language and people. When in 1834 he succeeded where fifteen years ago Đuro Matija Šporer hadn't - to get the agreement from the royal government of Habsburg Monarchy to make a Croatian daily newspaper - he was already seen as the leader. Finally, on January 6th 1835, Novine Horvatske ("The Croatian News") appeared, and on January 10th, it got the literary addition Danica Horvatska, Slavonska i Dalmatinska ("The Croatian, Slavonian, and Dalmatian Daystar"). It was a big progress in realising the idea of marking the Croatian literature as unique. The "Novine Horvatske" were printed in Kajkavian dialect until the end of that year, while "Danica" was printed in Shtokavian dialect along with Kajkavian. 1834 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Habsburg Monarchy, often called Austrian Monarchy or simply Austria, are the territories ruled by the Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg, and then by the successor House of Habsburg-Lorraine, between 1526 and 1867/1918. ... January 6 is the 6th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 359 days (360 in leap years) remaining. ... | Come and take it, slogan of the Texas Revolution 1835 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Coat of arms Slavonia (Croatian: Slavonija) is a geographical and historical region in eastern Croatia. ... Map of Dalmatia, in present day Croatia highlighted Dalmatia (Croatian: Dalmacija, Italian: Dalmazia) is a region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, in modern Croatia, spreading between the island of Rab in the northwest and the Gulf of Kotor (Boka Kotorska) in the southeast. ... // (ca. ... Kajkavian (kajkavski) dialect is one of the three dialects of Croatian language. ... Shtokavian (Å tokavian, Å¡tokavski/штокавски) is the primary dialect of the Central South Slavic languages system, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian language. ...

In early 1836 the publications' names were changed to Ilirske narodne novine ("The Illyrian People's News") and Danica ilirska ("The Illyrian Morning Star") respectively. This was a step further in realising Gaj's idea that the people of the southern parts of Habsburg Monarchy are Illyrians, like the present-day Albanians; in reality, and contrary to Gaj's theory, they were ethnically Slavic. Year 1836 (MDCCCXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Habsburg Monarchy, often called Austrian Monarchy or simply Austria, are the territories ruled by the Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg, and then by the successor House of Habsburg-Lorraine, between 1526 and 1867/1918. ...

Beside the political ideologist, organizer and the leader of the reformation, Ljudevit Gaj was a writer too. The most popular poem of that time was Još Horvatska ni propala ("Croatia isn't ruined yet"), written in 1833. JoÅ¡ Hrvatska ni propala (Croatian Croatia Has Not Yet Fallen) is a famous Croatian patriotic reveille which was penned by Ljudevit Gaj and set to music by the composer Ferdo Livadić in 1833. ... 1833 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

The modern Croatian alphabet is credited to Gaj's Kratka osnova. The alphabet was also named gajica or Croatian gajica after him. The Croatian alphabet is a modified and extended version of the Latin alphabet which is used in Croatian language. ...