Prince Ljudevit Posavski ruled 810 - 823; ruler of Pannonia (continental Croatia). His throne was in Sisak and he also ruled the Serbs in 822. He held close ties with the Carinthinians and Timokians. Events October 1 - A man with a sword makes an attempt on emperor Nicephorus Is life. ... Events Crete is conquered from the Byzantines by the Saracens. ... Position of the Roman province of Pannonia Pannonia is an ancient country bounded north and east by the Danube, conterminous westward with Noricum and upper Italy, and southward with Dalmatia and upper Moesia. ... Sisak is a city in central Croatia. ... Serbs (in the Serbian language Срби, Srbi) are a south Slavic people living chiefly in Serbia and Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... Events Abd-ar-rahman II becomes ruler of Umayyad Spain. ... Carinthia (Kärnten in German, Koroška in Slovenian) can refer to: Carinthia - a federal state of Austria Carinthia - an informal province in Slovenia Carinthia - a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire and crownland of Austria_Hungary Karantania - the first Slovenian state This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other... Serbs (in the Serbian language Срби, Srbi) are a south Slavic people living chiefly in Serbia and Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina. ...

Rebellions against the Franks

Liudevit raised a rebellion against his Frankish rulers in 819 after he was seriously acused by the Frankish court. The Emperor Louis the Pious (814-840) sent margrave Cadolah of Furlandia (800-819) to quell the rebellion. The Frankish Frontier forces led by Cadolah have raided the land and tortured the population, most notably the children. A rebellion is, in the most general sense, a refusal to accept authority. ... The Franks or the Frankish people were one of several west Germanic federations. ... Statue of Charlemagne (also called Karl der Große, Charles the Great) in Frankfurt, Germany. ... Events The Abbasid capital is moved back to Baghdad Louis the Pious marries Judith Welf Births Deaths Categories: 819 ... The following list of Frankish Kings is one of several Wikipedia lists of incumbents. ... Louis the Pious doing penance at Attigny in 822. ... Events Louis the Pious succeeds Charlemagne as king of the Franks and Emperor. ... Events After the death of Louis the Pious, his sons Lothar, Charles the Bald and Louis the German fight over the division of the empire, with Lothair succeding as Emperor. ... Margrave is the English and French form of the German title Markgraf (from Mark march and Graf count) and certain equivalent nobiliary (princely) titles in other languages. ... Friuli (Furlan: Friûl, German: Friaul) is an area of north-eastern Italy, comprising the major part of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region; the historical Friuli is the land de Livence al Timâf, which means from the Livenza river in the west to the Timavo river in the east... Events December 25, Rome, coronation of Charles the Great (Charlemagne) as emperor by Pope Leo III. Celtic monks begin work on the Book of Kells on the Island of Iona. ... Events The Abbasid capital is moved back to Baghdad Louis the Pious marries Judith Welf Births Deaths Categories: 819 ...

In 818 Liudevit sent his emissaries to Emperor Louis in Heristall. They described the horrors conducted by Cadolah and his men in Pannonia, but the King of Franks refused to make peace. Events Bishop Theodulf of Orléans is deposed and imprisoned after getting involved in a conspiracy of Bernard, king of Italy, against Louis the Pious Births Deaths May 26 - Ali ar-Rida, Shia Imam Categories: 818 ... An emperor is a (male) monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. ...

As the Pannonians were ammassing forces, so did the Franks led by Cadolah return in 819. But the Frankish forces were soon defeated; and Caladah himself had to retreat back to his home Furlandia, where soon he died of disease. The Slavic peoples are the most numerous ethnic and linguistic body of peoples in Europe. ... The Franks or the Frankish people were one of several west Germanic federations. ... Events The Abbasid capital is moved back to Baghdad Louis the Pious marries Judith Welf Births Deaths Categories: 819 ... Statue of Charlemagne (also called Karl der Große, Charles the Great) in Frankfurt, Germany. ... Friuli (Furlan: Friûl, German: Friaul) is an area of north-eastern Italy, comprising the major part of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region; the historical Friuli is the land de Livence al Timâf, which means from the Livenza river in the west to the Timavo river in the east...

In July 819 on the Council in Ingulenheim Liudevit's emissaries offered truce conditions, but Emperor Louis refused; demanding more concessions to him. Liudevit started to gather allies for his plight. His traditional ally was Prince Borna of Dalmatia; but the Frankish ruler had promised Borna that he would make him Prince of Pannonia if he helped the Franks to crush Liudevit's rebellion; so Borna accepted. Liudevit found assistence within the Carinthians (Carinthia, Carniola, Styria) who, as neighbours of the margravate of Furlandia, were jeoperdized the same as the Pannonians. The Slavs around the valley of Timok - Timokians also joined him, because they were jeoperdized by the neighbouring Bulgars. July is the seventh month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... Events The Abbasid capital is moved back to Baghdad Louis the Pious marries Judith Welf Births Deaths Categories: 819 ... Position of the Roman province of Pannonia Pannonia is an ancient country bounded north and east by the Danube, conterminous westward with Noricum and upper Italy, and southward with Dalmatia and upper Moesia. ... Caranthanians (Latin Quarantani, Slovenian Karantanci) were the only Alpine Slavs in the early middle ages and the first ethnic name of an old Slovenian people as a separate part of the Slavs (Latin Sclavi qui dicuntur Quarantani, Slavs called Caranthanians). ... Carinthia (Kärnten in German, Koroška in Slovenian) can refer to: Carinthia - a federal state of Austria Carinthia - an informal province in Slovenia Carinthia - a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire and crownland of Austria_Hungary Karantania - the first Slovenian state This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other... Carniola English and Latin; (Slovenian Kranjska, German Krain) is a name for a region in Slovenia. ... Styria (Steiermark in German, Štajerska in Slovenian) can refer to: Styria - a federal state of Austria Styria - an informal province in Slovenia Styria - a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire and crownland of Austria-Hungary This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise... The Slavic peoples are the most numerous ethnic and linguistic body of peoples in Europe. ... A map of the region of Timok Timok (Cyrillic: Тимок) is a river in Serbia. ... Serbs (in the Serbian language Срби, Srbi) are a south Slavic people living chiefly in Serbia and Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... Bulgars (also Bolgars or proto-Bulgarians) - a people of Central Asia, probably originally Pamirian, who became Turkified and later Slavicized over time. ...

The Franks sent a large army led by the new Margrave of Furlandia, Balderic to meet Liudevit in autumn, the same year while he was conscripting more Carinthian troops along the river of Drava. The Frankish forces had numerical advantage, so they pushed Liudevit and his men from Carniola across Drava. Liudevit had to fall back to central parts of his realm. Balderic didn't push to chase Liudevit, since he had to pacify the Slovenians. Prince Borna moved with Liudevit's father-in-law Dragomuž and their forces from the south-west. At the heat of the Battle of Kupa, near the river of Kupa, the Guduscans abandoned Borna and crossed to Liudevit's side; while Dragomuž was killed. Borna escaped from the battlefield with the help of his bodyguards. The Franks or the Frankish people were one of several west Germanic federations. ... Friuli (Furlan: Friûl, German: Friaul) is an area of north-eastern Italy, comprising the major part of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region; the historical Friuli is the land de Livence al Timâf, which means from the Livenza river in the west to the Timavo river in the east... OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXx Autumn (also fall in North American English) is one of the four temperate seasons, the transition from summer into winter. ... Caranthanians (Latin Quarantani, Slovenian Karantanci) were the only Alpine Slavs in the early middle ages and the first ethnic name of an old Slovenian people as a separate part of the Slavs (Latin Sclavi qui dicuntur Quarantani, Slavs called Caranthanians). ... Drave (German: Drau, Slovenian and Croatian: Drava, Hungarian: Dráva) is a river in southern Central Europe, flowing East from Alto Adige, Italy through Carinthia, Austria, and Slovenia (145 km) then southeast, forming most of the Croatian-Hungarian border before joining the Danube near Osijek. ... Carniola English and Latin; (Slovenian Kranjska, German Krain) is a name for a region in Slovenia. ... Drave (German: Drau, Slovenian and Croatian: Drava, Hungarian: Dráva) is a river in southern Central Europe, flowing East from Alto Adige, Italy through Carinthia, Austria, and Slovenia (145 km) then southeast, forming most of the Croatian-Hungarian border before joining the Danube near Osijek. ... Kupa (Slovenian Kolpa) is a river in Croatia and on the border with Slovenia. ... Kupa (Slovenian Kolpa) is a river in Croatia and on the border with Slovenia. ...

Liudevit seized the opportunity and breached into Dalmatia in december. His forces raided Dalmatia. Borna was too weak, so the Dalmatians defended themselves through sneaky tactics and used attrition as their best ally to exhaust the Pannonian forces. Harsh winter came to the hill areas, so Liudevit was forced to return. According to Borna's reports to the Frankish Emperor, Liudevit suffered heavy casualties: 3,000 soldiers, over 300 horses and lots of food. Dalmatia (Croatian Dalmacija, Italian Dalmazia) is a region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, (mostly) in modern Croatia, spreading between the island of Rab in the northwest and the Bay of Kotor in the southeast. ... Look up December in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Template:DecemberCalendar2006 December is the twelfth and last month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... Dalmatia (Croatian Dalmacija, Italian Dalmazia) is a region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, (mostly) in modern Croatia, spreading between the island of Rab in the northwest and the Bay of Kotor in the southeast. ... Attrition may have multiple meanings: From a military standpoint, attrition means a gradual, natural reduction in membership or personnel, as through retirement, resignation, or death. ...

The War continues

In january 820, Borna made an allience with the Frankish Emperor in Aachen. The plan was to crush Liudevit's realm with a joint-attack from three sides. As soon as the winter retreated, massive Frankish armies were being ammased in Italia, East Francia, Bavaria, Saxony and Alemannia that were going to simultenesly invade Liudevit's lands in the spring. The northern frankish group moved from Bavaria across Pannonia to make an invasion across the river of Drava. Liudevit's forces successfully stopped this Army at the river. The southern group moved across the Noric Alps, using the road from Acuilee to Lubiana. Liudevit was successful again, as he stopped them before crossing the Alps. The central group moved from Tyrol to Carniola. Liudevit attempted to halt its advance three times, but every single time would the Franks win, using numerical advantage. When this Army reached Drava, Ljudevit had to fall back to the heart of his realm. An act of war - the atomic bombing of Nagasaki, Japan on August 9, 1945, effectively ending World War II. The bombs over Hiroshima (August 6) and Nagasaki immediately killed over 120,000 people. ... Look up January in Wiktionary, the free dictionary January is the first month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... Events Michael II succeeds Leo V as Byzantine Emperor The Historia Brittonum is written (approximate date) Births Rhodri Mawr (the Great), ruler of Gwynedd (Wales) (approximate date) Photius I, patriarch of Constantinople (approximate date) Deaths December 24: Leo V, Byzantine Emperor (assassinated) Shankara, Hinduist teacher Tang Xian Zong, emperor of... Aachen Cathedral Printen Figurine at Aachen Cathedral Top Floor of Aachen Cathedral Tree-lined boulevard in Aachen Typical Aachen street with early 20th century Gründerzeit houses Aachen (French Aix-la-Chapelle, Dutch Aken, Latin Aquisgranum, Ripuarian Oche) is a spa city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, on the border... Statue of Charlemagne (also called Karl der Große, Charles the Great) in Frankfurt, Germany. ... Statue of Charlemagne (also called Karl der Große, Charles the Great) in Frankfurt, Germany. ... The Free State of Bavaria  (German: Freistaat Bayern), with an area of 70,553 km² (27,241 square miles) and 12. ... With an area of 18,413 km² and a population of 4. ... Look up spring in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Drave (German: Drau, Slovenian and Croatian: Drava, Hungarian: Dráva) is a river in southern Central Europe, flowing East from Alto Adige, Italy through Carinthia, Austria, and Slovenia (145 km) then southeast, forming most of the Croatian-Hungarian border before joining the Danube near Osijek. ... Army (from French armée) can, in some countries, refer to any armed force. ... Aquileia (Friulian Acuilee, Slovene Oglej), an ancient town of Italy, at the head of the Adriatic at the edge of the lagoons, about 6 to. ... Tromostovje (Tromostovje) and Franciscan church (FrančiÅ¡kanska cerkev) in baroque style in the back Ljubljana (IPA ), German Laibach (), Italian Lubiana () is the capital of Slovenia, situated on the outfall of the river Ljubljanica into the Sava, in central Slovenia, between the Alps and the Mediterranean. ... This article is about the Tyrol, the region in the eastern Alps. ... Carniola English and Latin; (Slovenian Kranjska, German Krain) is a name for a region in Slovenia. ... Drave (German: Drau, Slovenian and Croatian: Drava, Hungarian: Dráva) is a river in southern Central Europe, flowing East from Alto Adige, Italy through Carinthia, Austria, and Slovenia (145 km) then southeast, forming most of the Croatian-Hungarian border before joining the Danube near Osijek. ...

The Franks have opened ways for the southern and northern Armies, so they launched a total invasion. Liudevit concluded that all resistence would be futile, so he retreated to a stronghold that he built on top of hill that was heavily fortified; while his people took shelter in local forest and swamps. Liudevit did not negotiate with the Franks. The Franks eventually retreated from his lands, with their ranks thinned by disease which the northern forces caught in the marshes of Drava. The Slovenes from Carinthia and Carniola recognized the Furlian margrave Balderic as their ruler, while some remained loyal to Liudevit. Prince Borna died in 820, and was succeeded by Liudevit's nephew, Višeslav. Emperor Louis recognized Višeslav as Prince of Dalmatia and Liburnia in february 821 on the Council of Aachen. The Franks or the Frankish people were one of several west Germanic federations. ... A dense growth of softwoods (a forest) in the Sierra Nevada Range of Northern California A forest is an area with a high density of trees (or, historically, a wooded area set aside for hunting). ... A freshwater swamp A swamp is a wetland that features permanent inundation of large areas of land by shallow bodies of water, generally with a substantial number of hummocks, or dry-land protrusions. ... The Franks or the Frankish people were one of several west Germanic federations. ... This article is about marsh, a type of wetland. ... Drave (German: Drau, Slovenian and Croatian: Drava, Hungarian: Dráva) is a river in southern Central Europe, flowing East from Alto Adige, Italy through Carinthia, Austria, and Slovenia (145 km) then southeast, forming most of the Croatian-Hungarian border before joining the Danube near Osijek. ... Carinthia (Kärnten in German, Koroška in Slovenian) can refer to: Carinthia - a federal state of Austria Carinthia - an informal province in Slovenia Carinthia - a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire and crownland of Austria_Hungary Karantania - the first Slovenian state This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other... Carniola English and Latin; (Slovenian Kranjska, German Krain) is a name for a region in Slovenia. ... Margrave is the English and French form of the German title Markgraf (from Mark march and Graf count) and certain equivalent nobiliary (princely) titles in other languages. ... February is the second month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events Tang Mu Zong becomes emperor of China Births Deaths February 11 - Benedict of Aniane, monastic founder and saint December 18 - Theodulf, Bishop of Orléans Coenwulf, king of Mercia Categories: 821 ... A council is a group of people who usually possess some powers of governance. ... Aachen Cathedral Printen Figurine at Aachen Cathedral Top Floor of Aachen Cathedral Tree-lined boulevard in Aachen Typical Aachen street with early 20th century Gründerzeit houses Aachen (French Aix-la-Chapelle, Dutch Aken, Latin Aquisgranum, Ripuarian Oche) is a spa city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, on the border...

The Emperor discussed again about war plans against Liudevit on that Council. The Franks decided to repeat the progress, and push towards Liudevit from three sides again. Liudevit saw that it was obvious that he couldn't fight the Franks on open field, so he began to consctruct massive fortifications. He was helped by the Venetian Patriarch Fortunat who sent him architects and masons from Italia. The Franks or the Frankish people were one of several west Germanic federations. ... The Franks or the Frankish people were one of several west Germanic federations. ... Fortifications (Latin fortis, strong, and facere, to make) are military constructions designed for defensive warfare. ... Venetia is a name used mostly in a historical context for the area of north-eastern Italy formerly under the control of the Republic of Venice and corresponding approximately to the present-day Italian administrative regions of the Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia. ... Originally a patriarch was a man who exercised autocratic authority as a pater familias over an extended family. ... An architect is a person licensed in the art of planning, designing and overseeing the construction of buildings, or more generally, the designer of a scheme or plan. ... A mason is a worker in brick or stone, now primarily involved in building walls, but previously also arches and vaults. ...

During the last and final Franksih invasion of 822, the Patriarch from Grad, Fortunat, who was a supporter of Ljudevit fled to Iader into exile with the Byzantines. Events Abd-ar-rahman II becomes ruler of Umayyad Spain. ... Originally a patriarch was a man who exercised autocratic authority as a pater familias over an extended family. ... Zadar (Italian Zara, Latin Iadera) is a city in Croatia on the Adriatic Sea, with a population of 82 000 (2005). ... Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered around its capital in Constantinople. ...

Flight to the Serbs

The same year, in 822, Ljudevit went from his seat in Sisak to the Sorbs somewhat arounf Srb, who controlled the greater part of Dalmatia at that time. Ljudevit was welcomed at the local Serbian ruler's court, but tricked him, killing him and then taking the power for himself. It turned out later that the Serbian ruler was an ally of the Franks and Ljudevit thought that he was about to betray him. Ljudevit soon sent an envoy to the Frankish court, claiming that he is ready to recognise the Frankish Emperor Louis the Pious as his supreme ruler. Serbs (in the Serbian language Срби, Srbi) are a south Slavic people living chiefly in Serbia and Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... Events Abd-ar-rahman II becomes ruler of Umayyad Spain. ... Sisak is a city in central Croatia. ... Serbs (in the Serbian language Срби, Srbi) are a south Slavic people living chiefly in Serbia and Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... Dalmatia (Croatian Dalmacija, Italian Dalmazia) is a region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, (mostly) in modern Croatia, spreading between the island of Rab in the northwest and the Bay of Kotor in the southeast. ... This is the list of Serbian monarchs. ... The word Serbian might be: an adjective, meaning: of Serbs (Serbian tradition, Serbian religion) of Serbia (Serbian government, Serbian president) both of the above (Serbian flag) a noun, meaning: a Serb a Serb from Serbia (as opposed to Serb who is not from Serbia) citizen of Serbia (regardless of nationality... Statue of Charlemagne (also called Karl der Große, Charles the Great) in Frankfurt, Germany. ... The following list of Frankish Kings is one of several Wikipedia lists of incumbents. ... Louis the Pious doing penance at Attigny in 822. ...

Ljudevit's reign was not very well accepted amongst the Serbs, so he fled to his uncle, Prince Borna in Dalmatia. Borna had Ljudevit killed in 823. Ljudevit's campaign expanded the Croatian lands to the east. Serbs (in the Serbian language Срби, Srbi) are a south Slavic people living chiefly in Serbia and Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... Dalmatia (Croatian Dalmacija, Italian Dalmazia) is a region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, (mostly) in modern Croatia, spreading between the island of Rab in the northwest and the Bay of Kotor in the southeast. ... Events Crete is conquered from the Byzantines by the Saracens. ...

// Earliest history The details of the arrival of the Croats are scarcely documented. ... Events October 1 - A man with a sword makes an attempt on emperor Nicephorus Is life. ... Events Crete is conquered from the Byzantines by the Saracens. ... Coat of Arms of Serbia This is a list of Serbian monarchs. ... Events Abd-ar-rahman II becomes ruler of Umayyad Spain. ...

See also

• Royal Frankish Annals of the Frankish historian Einhard
• History of Croatia
• History of Serbia
• List of rulers of Croatia
• List of Serbian rulers

Statue of Charlemagne (also called Karl der Große, Charles the Great) in Frankfurt, Germany. ... Einhard as scribe Einhard (also Eginhard or Einhart) (born about 775 in the valley of the River Main, died March 14, 840, at Seligenstadt, Germany) was a Frankish historian and a dedicated servant of Charlemagne. ... This is the history of Croatia. ... Serbia was formerly a autonomous principality (1817–1878), independent principality (1878–1882), independent kingdom (1882–1918), part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1918–1941) (since 1929 the Kingdom of Yugoslavia), nazi occupied puppet state (1941–1944), socialist republic within Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1945–1992) and... // Earliest history The details of the arrival of the Croats are scarcely documented. ... This is the list of Serbian monarchs. ...

References

• Annales Regni Francorum, Frankish historian Einhard, 8th-9th century
• De Administrando Imperio, Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII Porfyrogenitus, 950