Lobelia
Lobelia erinus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Asterales Family: Campanulaceae Subfamily: Lobelioideae Genus: Lobelia L.
Species
See text. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1463, 610 KB) Lobelia This image shows a Lobelia close-up. ... Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. ... Divisions Green algae Chlorophyta Charophyta Land plants (embryophytes) Non-vascular land plants (bryophytes) Marchantiophyta—liverworts Anthocerotophyta—hornworts Bryophyta—mosses †Horneophytopsida Vascular plants (tracheophytes) †Rhyniophyta—rhyniophytes †Zosterophyllophyta—zosterophylls Lycopodiophyta—clubmosses †Trimerophytophyta—trimerophytes Pteridophyta—ferns and horsetails Ophioglossophyta - adders-tongues Seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta—seed ferns Pinophyta—conifers Cycadophyta—cycads Ginkgophyta—ginkgo... Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants (also angiosperms or Magnoliophyta) are one of the major groups of modern plants, comprising those that produce seeds in specialized reproductive organs called flowers, where the ovulary or carpel is enclosed. ... Magnoliopsida is the botanical name for a class: this name is formed by replacing the termination -aceae in the name Magnoliaceae by the termination -opsida (Art 16 of the ICBN). ... Families Alseuosmiaceae Argophyllaceae Asteraceae - Daisies Calyceraceae Campanulaceae (incl. ... Genera See text. ... Genera Lobelia Monopsis Trimeris Pratia Hypsela Isotoma The Lobeliaceae or Lobelia family comprises about 375 species of herbs, shrubs, or sometimes trees. ... Carl Linnaeus, Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as  , (May 23, 1707[1] – January 10, 1778), was a Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist[2] who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of nomenclature. ...

Lobelia (also known as Indian Tobacco, Asthma Weed, Pukeweed, or Vomitwort) is a genus in the family Campanulaceae, comprising some 200 species, some of which are cultivated in gardens. These include Lobelia cardinalis (Cardinal Flower or Indian Pink), Lobelia siphilitica (Blue Lobelia), Lobelia fulgens and Lobelia erinus, as well as some hybrids. For other uses, see Genus (disambiguation). ... Genera See text. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... Binomial name Lobelia cardinalis Lobelia cardinalis, the Cardinal Flower, is a perennial that grows 2-4 feet tall and is found in wet places, streambanks, and swamps. ... Species Lobelia erinus L. Lobelia erinus (known by the English names Annual lobelia, Edging lobelia, Garden lobelia or Trailing lobelia) is a cool season annual that will grow throughout zones 2 - 11, and comes in several varieties. ...

Some botanists place the genus and its relatives in the separate family Lobeliaceae. The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group did not make a firm decision in this, listing the genus under both families. Genera Lobelia Monopsis The lobeliaceae or lobelia family comprises about 375 species of herbs, shrubs, or sometimes trees. ... The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group is an international group of systematic botanists who have come together to try to establish a consensus view of the taxonomy of flowering plants in the light of the rapid rise of molecular systematics. ...

Lobelia erinus is an annual flowering plant often grown in window boxes and hanging baskets. Many varieties have been cultivated with a wide variety of colours. Species Lobelia erinus L. Lobelia erinus (known by the English names Annual lobelia, Edging lobelia, Garden lobelia or Trailing lobelia) is a cool season annual that will grow throughout zones 2 - 11, and comes in several varieties. ... Peas are an annual plant. ...

Lobelia is probably the base form from which many lobelioids are derived; it is therefore highly paraphyletic and not a good genus. For example, the Hawaiian species are part of a group including other genera that appear very different (see Hawaiian lobelioids). However, the group is not well-enough known to rearrange the classification. Paraphyletic - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Official language(s) English, Hawaiian Capital Honolulu Largest city Honolulu Area  Ranked 43rd  - Total 10,931 sq mi (29,311 km²)  - Width n/a miles (n/a km)  - Length 1,522 miles (2,450 km)  - % water 41. ... Genera Brighamia Clermontia Cyanea Delissea Lobelia Trematolobelia This is the largest plant radiation in the Hawaiian Islands, and indeed the largest on any island archipelago, with 116 species. ...

Lobelia species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Setaceous Hebrew Character. A larval insect A larva (Latin; plural larvae) is a juvenile form of animal with indirect development, undergoing metamorphosis (for example, insects or amphibians). ... The order Lepidoptera is the second most speciose order in the class Insecta and includes the butterflies, moths and skippers. ... Binomial name Xestia c-nigrum Linnaeus, 1758 The Setaceous Hebrew Character (Xestia c-nigrum) is a moth of the family Noctuidae. ...

The genus is named for the Belgian botanist Matthias de Lobel (1538-1616) Matthias de LObel or Matthaeus Lobelius (1538-1616) was born in Lille. ...

In the Victorian language of flowers, the lobelia symbolizes malevolence and ill will. Queen Victoria (shown here on the morning of her accession to the Throne, 20 June 1837) gave her name to the historic era The Victorian era of the United Kingdom marked the height of the British Industrial Revolution and the apex of the British Empire. ... Purple lilac, symbolizing first emotions of love in the language of flowers. ...

Medicinal use

Native Americans used Lobelia to treat respiratory and muscle disorders, and as a purgative. Today it is used to treat asthma and food poisoning, and is often used as part of smoking cessation programs. It is a physical relaxant, and can serve as a nerve depressant, easing tension and panic. The species used most commonly in modern herbalism is Lobelia inflata (Indian Tobacco). An independent origin and development of writing is counted among the many achievements and innovations of pre-Columbian American cultures. ... A laxative is a preparation used for the purpose of encouraging defecation, or the elimination of feces. ... Foodborne illness or food poisoning is caused by consuming food contaminated with pathogenic bacteria, toxins, viruses, prions or parasites. ...

As used in North America, Lobelia's medicinal properties include the following: emetic (induces vomiting), stimulant, antispasmodic, expectorant, diaphoretic, relaxant, nauseant, sedative, diuretic, and nervine.

Because of its similarity to nicotine, the internal use of Lobelia may be dangerous to susceptible populations, including children, pregnant women, and individuals with cardiac disease. Excessive use will cause nausea and vomiting. It is not recommended for use by pregnant women and is best administered by a practitioner qualified in its use. Nicotine is an alkaloid found in the nightshade family of plants (Solanaceae), predominantly in tobacco, and in lower quantities in tomato, potato, eggplant (aubergine), and green pepper. ...

Two species, Lobelia siphilitica and Lobelia cardinalis, were considered a cure for syphilis^[1]. Binomial name Lobelia cardinalis Lobelia cardinalis, the Cardinal Flower, is a perennial that grows 2-4 feet tall and is found in wet places, streambanks, and swamps. ... Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum. ...

Herbalist Samuel Thompson made lobelia and cayenne widely popular as medicinal aids across the United States in the early 1800s.

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Lobelia

One species, L. chinensis (called bàn biān lián, 半边莲 in Chinese), is used as one of the 50 fundamental herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Chinese materia medica (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the common name of Chinese materia medica subject. ... Information in this article or section has not been verified against sources and may not be reliable. ...

Selected species

Lobelias in Bale Mountains, Ethiopia at about 4000 m.

Lobelia

Giant Lobelias, Mount Kenya.

• L. aberdarica
• L. anatina : Southwestern Blue Lobelia
• L. anceps
• L. appendiculata
• L. assurgens
• L. berlandieri
• L. boykinii
• L. canbyi
• L. cardinalis : Cardinal Flower, Scarlet Lobelia (Syn.: L. fulgens, S. splendens, L. graminea)
• L. chinensis
• L. comosa
• L. coronopifolia
• L. deckenii
• L. dortmanna
• L. erinus : Edging Lobelia, Annual Lobelia, Trailing Lobelia
• L. flaccidifolia
• L. flaccida
• L. gaudichaudii
• L. gerardii
• L. gibberoa
• L. ilicifolia (Lobelia Purpurascens): Purple Lobelia
• L. inflata : Indian Tobacco
• L. kalmii
• L. keniensis
• L. laxiflora : Sierra Madre Lobelia
• L. leschenaultiana
• L. monostachya
• L. nicotianifolia
• L. niihauensis
• L. oahuensis
• L. persicifolia
• L. pinifolia
• L. puberula
• L. pyramidalis
• L. radicans (synonym for L. chinensis)
• L. rhombifolia
• L. rosea
• L. sessilifolia
• L. siphilitica
• L. spicata
• L. telekii
• L. tenuior
• L. tupa
• L. urens
• L. valida
• L. zeylanica

Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 301 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)Bale Mountains, Ethiopia. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 301 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)Bale Mountains, Ethiopia. ... The Bale Mountains are a range of mountains in the Oromia Region of southeast Ethiopia, south of the Awash River. ... Ethiopian Highlands with Ras Dashan in the background. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2000x1558, 1567 KB) Lobelia This image shows a Lobelia. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2000x1558, 1567 KB) Lobelia This image shows a Lobelia. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 425 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (895 × 1261 pixel, file size: 418 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 425 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (895 × 1261 pixel, file size: 418 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Mount Kenya is in central Kenya, northeast of Nyeri (click to enlarge map) Sunrise over Mount Kenya. ... Binomial name Lobelia cardinalis Lobelia cardinalis, the Cardinal Flower, is a perennial that grows 2-4 feet tall and is found in wet places, streambanks, and swamps. ... Binomial name Lobelia deckenii is a species of giant lobelia of the mountains of East Africa. ... Binomial name L. Lobelia dortmanna or Water Lobelia is a plant species of the genus Lobelia. ... Species Lobelia erinus L. Lobelia erinus (known by the English names Annual lobelia, Edging lobelia, Garden lobelia or Trailing lobelia) is a cool season annual that will grow throughout zones 2 - 11, and comes in several varieties. ... Binomial name Lobelia deckenii Lobelia deckenii is a species of giant lobelia of the mountains of East Africa. ... Binomial name Lobelia telekii The inflorescence of Lobelia telekii can grow up to 3m (10ft) tall Lobelia telekii is a member of the lobelia family found in the tropics. ... Binomial name Lobelia tupa is a species of the genus Lobelia which bears luxuriant, grey-green, elliptical foliage and beautiful red trumpet-shaped flowers in a sympodium pattern. ...

Notes

1. ^ Guédon, Marie-Françoise (2000). Sacred Smudging in North America. Walkabout Press.