The Lockheed L-1329 JetStar (C-140 in USAF service) is a business jet produced from the early 1960s through the 1970s. Although the Morane-Saulnier MS-760 flew earlier, the JetStar was the first dedicated business jet to enter service. It was also one of the largest aircraft in the class for many years, seating ten plus two crew. It is distinguishable from other small jets by its four engines, mounted on the rear of the fuselage in a similar layout to the Vickers VC-10 airliner, and the "slipper"-style fuel tanks fixed to the wings. This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... This article is about the American space agency. ... An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, and/or spacecraft. ... The Lockheed SR-71 was remarkably advanced for its time and remains unsurpassed in many areas of performance. ... Kelly Johnson is the popular name for Clarence Johnson, an aircraft engineer. ... “The U.S. Air Force” redirects here. ... The Lockheed SR-71 was remarkably advanced for its time and remains unsurpassed in many areas of performance. ... Business jet, private jet or, in slang, bizjet is a term describing a jet aircraft, usually of modest size, designed for transporting small groups of business people for commercial reasons at a time convenient to their business needs. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ... The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, also called The Seventies. ... The MS-760 Paris was a French Armée de lAir (Air Force) trainer aircraft built by Morane-Saulnier. ... The VC-10 airliner was designed and built by Vickers (part of the British Aircraft Corporation) in the 1960s. ...

Development

Lockheed VC-140B. The bare metal on the fin at the trim hinge is easily visible here. The extensive de-icing system on the tail surfaces and wing leading edge is also prominent.

The JetStar originated as a private project within Lockheed, with an eye to winning a USAF requirement that was later dropped due to budget cuts. Lockheed decided to continue the project on their own for the business market.^[1] Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1800x1358, 349 KB) Description: Lockheed VC-140B Jetstar Source:USAF Museum File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Lockheed JetStar ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1800x1358, 349 KB) Description: Lockheed VC-140B Jetstar Source:USAF Museum File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Lockheed JetStar ... Seal of the Air Force. ...

The first two prototypes were equipped with two Bristol-Siddeley Orpheus engines, the first of these flying on 4 September 1957. The second of these was also equipped with the wing-mounted "slipper tanks", which was originally going to be an optional fit. Lockheed attempted to arrange a contract to produce the Orpheus locally in the US, but when these negotiations failed they re-engined the second prototype, N329K, with four Pratt & Whitney JT12 in 1959. The slipper tanks were removed and placed on the first prototype, N329J. N329J served as Kelly Johnson's personal transport for some time. The JT12 fit proved successful and was selected for the production versions, the first of which flew in mid 1960.^[2] These versions entered commercial service in 1961. The Bristol-Siddeley Orpheus was a single spool turbojet developed by Bristol Aero Engines for various light fighter/trainer applications such as the Folland Gnat and the Fiat G91Y. Later, the Orpheus formed the core of the first Bristol Pegasus vectored thrust turbofan as used for the Hawker Siddeley Harrier... The Pratt & Whitney JT12 and J60 are turbojets. ... Kelly Johnson is the popular name for Clarence Johnson, an aircraft engineer. ...

Sixteen JetStars were produced for the United States Air Force. Five C-140A Flight Inspection aircraft to perform airborne testing of airport navigational aids in 1962. They began service during the Vietnam War and remained in service until the early 1990s. The "Flight Check" C-140A were a combat-coded aircraft that could be distinguished from the VIP transport version by their distinctive camouflage paint scheme. The last C-140A to be retired was placed on static display at Scott AFB, Illinois, to honor its distinguished service. “The U.S. Air Force” redirects here. ... A Very Important Person, or VIP is a person who is accorded special privileges due to his or her status or importance. ...

An additional eleven airframes were designated C-140B, although the first of these predated the C-140As when it was delivered in 1961. The C-140Bs were used to transport personnel by the Military Airlift Command. Six of the aircraft were operated as VIP transports by the 89th Military Airlift Wing at Andrews Air Force Base, near Washington DC. These VIP aircraft were designated as VC-140Bs. The VIP transport fleet occasionally served as Air Force One during the 1970s and 1980s. Several other countries, such as Germany and Canada, have used military JetStars as transports for their heads of state, heads of government, and other VIPs. MAC shield Military Airlift Command (MAC) was a former United States Air Force command. ... For the current aircraft, see Boeing VC-25. ... Head of state or Chief of state is the generic term for the individual or collective office that serves as the chief public representative of a monarchic or republican nation-state, federation, commonwealth or any other political state. ... The Head of Government is the chief officer of the executive branch of a government, often presiding over a cabinet. ...

Noise regulations in the United States and high fuel consumption led to the development of the 731 JetStar, a modification program which added new Garrett AiResearch TFE731 turbofan engines and redesigned external fuel tanks to original JetStars. The 731 JetStar modification program was so successful that Lockheed produced 40 new JetStars, designated the JetStar II, from 1976 through 1979. The JetStar IIs were factory new aircraft with the turbofan engines and revised external fuel tanks. Both 731 JetStars and JetStar IIs have greatly increased range, reduced noise, and better runway performance compared to the original JetStars. My father Robert VanNimwegen, worked for Garrett for many many years. ... Honeywell TFE731-60 on a NASA test stand. ... Schematic diagram of high-bypass turbofan engine CFM56-3 turbofan, lower half, side view. ...

JetStar production totaled 204 aircraft by final delivery in 1978.^[3] Most original JetStars have been retired, but many 731 JetStars and JetStar IIs are still flying in various roles. A JetStar that was owned by Elvis Presley in his later years, named Hound Dog II, is on display at Graceland. “Elvis” redirects here. ... For other uses, see Graceland (disambiguation). ...

Design

The JetStar has a fairly typical business jet layout, with a swept wing and a cruciform tail. The wing has a 30° sweepback and features large fuel tanks at about half-span, extending some distance in front and behind the wing. The wing also includes slats along the front of the wing outboard of the tanks, while double-slotted trailing-edge flaps span the entire rear surface. The horizontal stabilizer is mounted about half way up the vertical stabilizer to keep it clear of the jetwash. One odd feature is that trim is provided by pivoting the entire vertical stabilizer, which leaves a distinctive unpainted area at that base of the fin that is noticeable in most pictures. A speed brake is located on the underside of the fuselage to help slow down for landing.The original prototypes used a tricycle landing gear with one wheel per leg, but after an accident in 1962 the nose gear was modified with two tires.^[3] The swept wing of an airliner: British Midland Airbus A320-200 A swept-wing is a wing planform used on high-speed aircraft that spend a considerable portion of their flight time in the transonic. ... The cruciform tail is an aircraft empennage configuration that, viewed edge-on, looks much like a cross. ... Slats are small aerodynamic surfaces on the leading edge of an airplane wing which, when deployed, allow the wing to operate at a higher angle of attack. ... Flaps are hinged surfaces on the trailing edge of an airplane wing which, when deployed, increase the lift (and drag) of a wing by changing the camber of the airfoil. ...

The JetStar is a relatively heavy aircraft for its class, at 42,500 pounds. Maximum cruising speed is Mach 0.8, or 567 mph at 21,000 feet. Range is typically quoted as 2,500 miles with a 3,500 pound payload. Typically interiors feature seating for eight with a full-sized lavatory, or a slightly more dense arrangement for ten. The JetStar is one of the few aircraft of its class that allowed a person to walk upright in the cabin, although to do this the aisle was sunk slightly so that the seats were raised on either side.^[4] The windows are relatively large.

The JetStar II is generally similar, with a number of detail changes. The cockpit area has somewhat more "modern" looking nose and window arrangement, larger engines, and most notably, the fuel tanks are larger and sit with their upper surfaces flush with the wing, rather than being centered on it.

Operators

Military operators

 Germany

 Indonesia

 Iran

 Iraq

 Kuwait

 Libya

 United States

• US Air Force

Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Indonesia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iran. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iraq. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Kuwait. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Libya. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Seal of the Air Force. ...

Specifications (JetStar II)

General characteristics

• Crew: two pilots & typically one flight attendant
• Capacity: 8-10 passengers
• Length: 60 ft 5 in (18.42 m)
• Wingspan: 54 ft 5 in (16.60 m)
• Height: 20 ft 5 in (6.23 m)
• Wing area: 542 ft² (50.4 m²)
• Empty weight: 25,250 lb (11,477 kg)
• Max takeoff weight: 44,500 lb (20,227 kg)
• Powerplant: 4× Garrett AiResearch TFE-731-3 turbofans

Performance

• Maximum speed: 575 mph (920 km/h)
• Range: 2,866 miles (4,585 km)
• Service ceiling: 43,000 ft (13,135 m)
• Wing loading: 82.1 lb/ft² (401.3 kg/m²)

Image File history File links Lockheed_Jetstar_3-view. ... For other uses, see Aviator (disambiguation). ... Information in this article or section has not been verified against sources and may not be reliable. ... The distance AB is the wing span of this Aer Lingus Airbus A320. ... In aviation, the Maximum Take-Off Weight (or MTOW) is the maximum weight with which an aircraft is allowed to try to achieve flight. ... My father Robert VanNimwegen, worked for Garrett for many many years. ... Honeywell TFE731-60 on a NASA test stand. ... Schematic diagram of high-bypass turbofan engine CFM56-3 turbofan, lower half, side view. ... VNO of an aircraft is the V speed which refers to the velocity of normal operation. ... The maximal total range is the distance an aircraft can fly between takeoff and landing, as limited by fuel capacity in powered aircraft, or cross-country speed and environmental conditions in unpowered aircraft. ... In aeronautics, the service ceiling is the maximum density altitude where the best rate of climb airspeed will produce a 100 feet per minute climb(twin engine) and 50 feet(single engine) at maximum weight while in a clean configuration with maximum continuous power. ... In aerodynamics, wing loading is the loaded weight of the aircraft divided by the area of the wing. ...

Popular culture

The JetStar has appeared in a number of films and television series, most notably in the James Bond film Goldfinger. “007” redirects here. ... Goldfinger is the third film in the James Bond series, and the third to star Sean Connery as the MI6 agent. ...

References

Related content

Comparable aircraft

• North American T-39 Sabreliner
• British Aerospace 125
• Gulfstream III
• Learjet 25

Designation sequence

• Lockheed:
  • L-200 - L-500 - L-1011 - L-1329
• US Military:
  • C-137 - C-138 - C-139 - C-140 - C-141 - XC-142 - C-143

Related lists